CN104028081A - Device for constant high-temperature treatment prior to garbage incineration and flue gas purification - Google Patents
Device for constant high-temperature treatment prior to garbage incineration and flue gas purification Download PDFInfo
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- CN104028081A CN104028081A CN201410282868.5A CN201410282868A CN104028081A CN 104028081 A CN104028081 A CN 104028081A CN 201410282868 A CN201410282868 A CN 201410282868A CN 104028081 A CN104028081 A CN 104028081A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for constant high-temperature treatment prior to garbage incineration and flue gas purification. After garbage is incinerated by a garbage incinerator, according to a generated flue gas treatment process, dioxin components in flue gas are removed under a constant high-temperature state, and subsequent flue gas purification treatment is carried out. The device is used for a constant high-temperature removal process of the dioxin components in the flue gas, and belongs to the application range of the garbage incinerator in the technical field of boilers. The flue gas is heated by using a shaped high-temperature composite phase-change heat storage material, the isothermal phase change temperature of the shaped high-temperature composite phase-change heat storage material is 850 DEG C, feedback is carried out by virtue of a flue gas heat sensor, the shaped high-temperature composite phase-change heat storage material is automatically and electrically heated prior to garbage incineration or under the condition that the temperature of the flue gas is lower than 850 DEG C, the staying time of the flue gas in a high-temperature pipeline being 850 DEG C is controlled to be longer than 6s, the staying time of the flue gas being 850 DEG C is farther longer than the staying time, namely 2s, specified by national standards, and the dioxin components in the flue gas are thoroughly removed.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the constant high temperature treating apparatus before a kind of garbage-incineration smoke purifying.After garbage disposal furnace burns, the treatment process for producing flue gas, first adopts constant high temperature state to go down except dioxin composition in flue gas, then carries out the gas cleaning processing in rear road.The present invention removes the technical process of flue gas dioxin composition for constant high temperature, belong to the range of application of the incinerator in boiler technology field.
Background technology:
Burning city domestic garbage has also brought serious environmental pollution, in the waste gas of waste incineration discharge, contain sour gas, heavy metal, dioxin and other the hypertoxic organic pollutants that concentration is higher, many developed countries have all formulated strict Pollution in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration thing discharge standard for this reason.The investigation of the Japanese Environment Room shows; The dioxin contamination of metropolitan area, 80%-90% derives from waste incineration; Next is the waste material pollution of chemical industry, industry; So improve and the strengthening setting of city garbage incinerator and the emission treatment equipment of dust have become the key in key.
According to research report, the dioxin mechanism burn producing may have following three kinds: 1. due to temperature in incinerator is lower or the too short organic matter in garbage that causes of the time of staying as PCBs, PCDD/Fs etc. can not effectively decompose and form Dioxins (dioxin); 2. by lower generation of low-temperature region (250～350 ℃) of the dioxin precursors downstream equipment of the organic fragrant same clan of chlorination; 3. by non-chlorination organic matter, villaumite, oxygen and hydrone, under the catalysis of the catalyst such as metal salt compound (as CuCl2) in flying dust, under the low-temperature region (250～350 ℃) by the Di Yakang as on chemical industry (Deacon) reaction downstream equipment, generated.
Research shows: incinerator is under the highly organized condition of operating condition, and ignition temperature is greater than 800 ℃, and gas residence time is greater than 2s, and dioxin decomposition efficiency is more than 99%, and therefore, control combustion heat is the key factor that guarantees ignition temperature.Because China's domestic waste has that moisture is high, complicated components, calorific value be low, with features such as seasonal variations, thereby control garbage feeding, be again the key factor that guarantees ignition temperature.
And control garbage feeding, there are 3 uncertain factors: when 1. the uncertain variation of rubbish caloric value makes to burn into stove, liberated heat is uncertain; 2. it is uncertain that the uncertain variation of refuse moisture makes the finish-time of burning; 3. the uncertain variation of rubbish shape, specific volume makes garbage feeding amount uncertain.Waste component, shape and calorific value are complicated and changeable.These are that combustion control system is difficult to the uncertain factor of holding, and very easily cause ignition temperature lower than 800 ℃, gas residence time, can not guarantee to be greater than the situation of 2s, under this situation, in flue gas, can contain a large amount of dioxin, do not meet discharge national standard.
For the dioxin containing in removing smoke, all adopt at present and before reactor, spray into active carbon, under the deduster at rear portion catches the active carbon after absorption dioxin.This method active carbon and flue gas evenly mix and enough adsorption time prerequisite under can reach higher adsorption cleaning efficiency, most of large-scale modernization garbage power plants are all adopted in this way in the world.There is the high defect of charcoal treatment cost that active carbon use cost is high, contain dioxin in above-mentioned technique.
Summary of the invention:
For overcoming the defect that above-mentioned cost is high, the present invention adopts before garbage-incineration smoke purifying, carries out the process of the pyrolytic processing of certain hour section, removes dioxin composition in flue gas.The present invention adopts " setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material " to heat flue gas, the isothermal phase change temperature of " setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material " is 850 ℃, steady temperature is 850 ℃ of national regulations, by flue gas heat sensor, feed back, before starting waste incineration or flue gas automatic electric-heating " setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material " during lower than 850 ℃, more than flue gas time of staying in 850 ℃ of high temperature conduit is controlled at 6s, reach the gas residence time of 850 ℃ far above the 2s of national Specification, thoroughly removed the dioxin composition in flue gas.
Main solution of the present invention is achieved in that
As shown in accompanying drawing 1,2, the shell 1 of the constant high temperature treating apparatus before garbage-incineration smoke purifying of the present invention is cylinder cup-shaped, is up and down flange plate structure, is convenient to install with pipeline; Shell 1 connects by welding with flange porose disc 7, and the sensor 6 of infrared high temperature thermometer is contained on flange porose disc 7, between sensor 6 and flange porose disc 7, has heat insulating mattress 8; Setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 is contained in and keeps in cylinder 4, the Packed thermal insulation board 5 of setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 upper cover; In setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3, four electrothermal tubes 9 are housed, electrothermal tube 9 is plugged with heat-barrier material 2 above, the electric wire of electrothermal tube 9 is also after outsourcing heat-barrier material 2, and successively through setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3, keep cylinder 4, heat-barrier material 2, shell 1; Keep cylinder 4 to have five vertical column holes, be used for heating by flue gas and to the flue gas lower than 850 ℃; The all inner surfaces of shell 1 all have heat-barrier material 2, keep on cylinder 4 heat-barrier materials 2 that are placed on above shell 1 bottom.
Normally used heat-storing material has sensible heat heat-storing material, the large class of inversion of phases latent-heat storage material two.The absorption of sensible heat heat-storing material heat and discharge relies on the sensible heat of refractory material to hold to change completely, and not only volume is large, cost is high, thermal inertia is large for this heat-storing material, power output is descended degradation shortcoming gradually, but has advantages of that solid-state properties, change in volume are little.Inversion of phases latent-heat storage material is mainly by the absorption of latent heat of phase change in the solid-liquid phase-change process of phase change heat storage material and discharges storage and the output that realizes heat, but it has liquid characteristic after melting; Have that storage density is large, phase transition temperature range of choice is wide, process is easy to control and the advantage such as the approximate isothermal of storage (putting) thermal process.
The present invention's high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 of selecting to formalize, it is comprised of high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material and matrix material, has advantages of sensible heat and latent-heat storage material simultaneously, and has overcome the deficiency of the two.Wherein, matrix material is sensible heat heat-storing material, and high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material is latent-heat storage material.
The high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material of setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 is as the working media of accumulation of heat system, and its choose reasonable is by the energy-saving effect of final decision phase-change material and application prospect.Conventionally from the aspects such as hot physical property, physical and chemical performance and economic performance of high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material, high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material is screened.
The high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material that the present invention selects is Na
2cO
3-Ba
2cO
3/ MgO.Its phase transition temperature: 850 ℃, ablation heat: 415.4kJ/kg, thermal conductivity factor: 5.00W/ (mK); There is the phase transition temperature that the process processed with dioxin pyrolytic adapts, absorption and the release of latent heat of phase change is to carry out under the steady temperature of phase transformation, and this high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material both had high ablation heat, can meet the requirement that smoke temperature change is large, simultaneously again high thermal conductivity coefficient, meet the fast requirement of rate of heat exchange.
The matrix material of setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 is also carrier supported material or carrier matrix, and its effect is nonflowing character and the machinability that keeps composite phase-change material.When undergoing phase transition, operation material phase-change material is liquid by Solid State Transformation, and still, due to the supporting role of matrix material, whole composite heat storage material still can keep its solid-state shape and material property on the whole.Therefore, the refractoriness of matrix material is not less than 1250 ℃, there is certain thermal structure intensity, high thermal shock resistance and there is good heat conductivility and and phase-change material there is good compatibility.
Because material must be high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant, corrosion resistant performance, matrix material Ceramics material of the present invention, as corundum, cordierite, mullite, SiC, MgO etc.
The formalize preparation method of high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 of the present invention adopts melting Infiltration Technics.First this technique adopt sintering process to prepare the porous matrix with three-dimensional networks structure, porous matrix is contacted with the phase-change material of melting, can make the phase-change material of melting strengthen the wetability of matrix, then rely on capillary force or ambient pressure to the high-temperature fusion phase-change material that infiltrates in porous matrix, thereby make setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) volume of setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 is large, thermal capacity is large, thermal inertia is large, and high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material is wherein Na
2cO
3-Ba
2cO
3/ MgO, its phase transition temperature is 850 ℃, high ablation heat is 415.4kJ/kg, high thermal conductivity factor is 5.00W/ (mK), the general power of four electrothermal tubes 9 is also larger, flue gas is heated at constant 850 ℃ of temperature, and heat is transmitted fast, thus the dioxin of the present invention in can reliably removing smoke.
(2) pollutant component in flue gas is with particle, HCl, HF, NO
x, SO
xand hypertoxic organic pollution (dioxin) and heavy metal are main; Before gas cleaning, the present invention first removes dioxin, then purifies other nuisances, can eliminate dioxin and be deposited in the harmfulness in cleanser and active carbon, reduces and from cleanser and active carbon, processes the process costs of dioxin.
(3) keep cylinder 4 to have five vertical column holes, be used for passing through flue gas, and the flue gas lower than 850 ℃ is heated, the quantity in vertical column hole is many, aperture is little, thus the present invention has the good result that heat exchange area is large, flue-gas temperature gradient is little, firing rate is fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is the main cutaway view of rotation of the constant high temperature treating apparatus before garbage-incineration smoke purifying
Fig. 2 is the top view of the constant high temperature treating apparatus before garbage-incineration smoke purifying
Fig. 3 is constant high temperature treating apparatus shell before garbage-incineration smoke purifying and the front view of flange porose disc welding figure
Fig. 4 is constant high temperature treating apparatus shell before garbage-incineration smoke purifying and the top view of flange porose disc welding figure
Fig. 5 is the front view that the constant high temperature treating apparatus before garbage-incineration smoke purifying keeps cylinder
Fig. 6 is the top view that the constant high temperature treating apparatus before garbage-incineration smoke purifying keeps cylinder
The specific embodiment:
Be operation principle of the present invention and the course of work below:
Before incinerator burns, according to the thermal capacity of setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3, determine the general power of four electrothermal tubes 9, four electrothermal tubes 9 of simultaneously switching on, heat 5 minutes, the high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material of 50% left and right of high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 of making to formalize changes liquid state at 850 ℃, then starts to burn away the refuse.
Keep cylinder 4 to have five vertical column holes, be used for by flue gas, and utilize 3 pairs of the setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation materials flue gas lower than 850 ℃ to heat, make 850 ℃ of flue gases.According to the flow velocity of flue gas, the height in vertical column hole guarantees that flue gas surpassed for 6 seconds in the time in vertical column hole; According to heat transfer calculations, even if enter the flue-gas temperature in vertical column hole, be 400 ℃ (during waste incineration, flue-gas temperature normal fluctuation can be lower than 400 ℃), also can make flue gas be heated to rapidly 850 ℃, and keep the time of 850 ℃ to surpass for 3.5 seconds.
When the sensor 6 of infrared high temperature thermometer records flue-gas temperature by vertical column hole lower than 850 ℃, four electrothermal tubes 9 of simultaneously switching on (setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 moments reached 850 ℃), and the power-off in 2 minutes that lags behind.
If flue-gas temperature surpasses 850 ℃, long-time heating setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3, the thermal insulation board 5 of sealing and heat-barrier material 2 also guarantee that fuse salt is not evaporated; Under this state, without electrothermal tube 9 heating, setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 absorbs heat.
The volume of setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material 3 greatly, thermal capacity is large, thermal inertia is large, and high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material is wherein Na
2cO
3-Ba
2cO
3/ MgO, its phase transition temperature: 850 ℃, high ablation heat: 415.4kJ/kg, high thermal conductivity factor: 5.00W/ (mK), the general power of four electrothermal tubes 9 is also larger, and flue gas is heated at constant 850 ℃ of temperature, heat is transmitted fast, thus the dioxin in can reliably removing smoke.
Claims (2)
1. the constant high temperature treating apparatus before garbage-incineration smoke purifying, is characterized in that: shell (1), for cylinder cup-shaped, is flange plate structure up and down, is convenient to install with pipeline; Shell (1) connects by welding with flange porose disc (7), and it is upper that the sensor of infrared high temperature thermometer (6) is contained in flange porose disc (7), between sensor (6) and flange porose disc (7), has heat insulating mattress (8); Setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material (3) is contained in and keeps in cylinder (4), the setting Packed thermal insulation board of high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material (3) upper cover (5); In setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material (3), four electrothermal tubes (9) are housed, electrothermal tube (9) is plugged with heat-barrier material (2) above, the electric wire of electrothermal tube (9) is also after outsourcing heat-barrier material (2), and successively through setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material (3), keep cylinder (4), a heat-barrier material (2), shell (1); Keep cylinder (4) to have five vertical column holes, be used for heating by flue gas and to the flue gas lower than 850 ℃; The all inner surfaces of shell (1) all have heat-barrier material (2), keep cylinder (4) to be placed on the heat-barrier material (2) above of shell (1) bottom.
2. the constant high temperature treating apparatus before garbage-incineration smoke purifying as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material (3) is comprised of high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material and matrix material; Wherein, high-temperature phase change heat accumulation material is Na
2cO
3-Ba
2cO
3/ MgO, matrix material Ceramics material, as corundum, cordierite, mullite, SiC, MgO etc.; The preparation method of setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material (3) adopts melting Infiltration Technics, that is: first adopt sintering process to prepare the porous matrix with three-dimensional networks structure, porous matrix is contacted with the phase-change material of melting, can make the phase-change material of melting strengthen the wetability of matrix, then rely on capillary force or ambient pressure to the high-temperature fusion phase-change material that infiltrates in porous matrix, thereby make setting high temperature composite phase change heat-accumulation material (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410282868.5A CN104028081A (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | Device for constant high-temperature treatment prior to garbage incineration and flue gas purification |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410282868.5A CN104028081A (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | Device for constant high-temperature treatment prior to garbage incineration and flue gas purification |
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| CN104028081A true CN104028081A (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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| CN201410282868.5A Pending CN104028081A (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | Device for constant high-temperature treatment prior to garbage incineration and flue gas purification |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105964099A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-09-28 | 刘杰 | Method and device for treating dioxin contained in incineration exhaust gas |
| CN106352340A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-01-25 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Waste incineration furnace |
| CN109862813A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-06-07 | 特库株式会社 | Soot blower is used in raw beans baking |
| CN113522268A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Heat storage type composite catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113521892A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-22 | 四川思达能环保科技有限公司 | Flue gas dust removal system |
| CN113701510A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-26 | 四川思达能环保科技有限公司 | Raw material smelting section flue gas treatment device in microcrystalline glass preparation process |
-
2014
- 2014-06-19 CN CN201410282868.5A patent/CN104028081A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105964099A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-09-28 | 刘杰 | Method and device for treating dioxin contained in incineration exhaust gas |
| CN109862813A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-06-07 | 特库株式会社 | Soot blower is used in raw beans baking |
| CN109862813B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2021-09-24 | 特库株式会社 | Smoke removing machine for baking raw beans |
| CN106352340A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-01-25 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Waste incineration furnace |
| CN113521892A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-22 | 四川思达能环保科技有限公司 | Flue gas dust removal system |
| CN113701510A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-26 | 四川思达能环保科技有限公司 | Raw material smelting section flue gas treatment device in microcrystalline glass preparation process |
| CN113701510B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2024-03-19 | 四川思达能环保科技有限公司 | Raw material smelting section flue gas treatment device in microcrystalline glass preparation technology |
| CN113522268A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Heat storage type composite catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140910 |