CN104027129A - SPECT (single-photon emission computed tomography) imaging method based on ordered subset algorithm - Google Patents
SPECT (single-photon emission computed tomography) imaging method based on ordered subset algorithm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a SPECT (single-photon emission computed tomography) imaging method based on an ordered subset algorithm. The SPECT imaging method includes that a SPECT detector and a collimator are arranged in an equilateral polygon arranged on the periphery of a through hole of a rotating frame, the number of edges of the polygon corresponds to the number of angles in one subset, the rotating frame is rotated to have data collected, each time of data collection is accompanied with OS-EM iteration once, and after multiple iterations, images meeting requirements of image resolution are reestablished through a computer. The SPECT detector and the collimator are in polygon arrangement matched with the ordered subset algorithm, the advantages of the algorithm can be effectively exerted by means of hardware grouping, collecting full 360 angles is not needed, unnecessary photon counting is effectively reduced, and collecting time is shortened; besides, quantity demanded on the detectors and the collimators is decreased by adopting the rotating frame, and economical efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomedical imaging field, be specifically related to a kind of SPECT formation method based on order subset algorithm.
Background technology
Single photon emission computerized tomography technology (Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography, SPECT) be to adopt Radioactive isotope technology, the ray of launching by the radiosiotope medicine that in detection organism, some organ is taken in obtains data for projection, again the data for projection obtaining is redeveloped into faultage image, and then obtains distribution situation and the metabolic information of the specific molecular in object under test.Toy SPECT video picture can accurately reflect that the medicine of active nucleus labelling absorbs in petty action object, the dynamic process of metabolism, the interference effect of monitor treatment method to disease.In addition, because SPECT video picture can be carried out continuous longitudinal study on same small animal model, therefore can get rid of the error causing because of animal individual difference, and the direct class of experimental result can be pushed into clinically, the development of people's kind new medicine and exploitation are had great importance.In recent years, along with detecting the appearance of the SPECT probe of different molecular biological process, make toy SPECT have application prospect widely at aspects such as the noinvasive detection for vitals such as heart and brains, oncobiologies.
The gamma that the intrinsic resolution of detector and detector receive (Gamma) γ photon density is two key factors that affect SPECT image resolution ratio.What resolution characterized is the ability that SPECT system resolution is rebuild two adjacent point sources in image.Because the volume of laboratory animal is much smaller than the mankind, toy SPECT needs higher spatial resolution, and this is also one of main direction of following toy SPECT development.At present, toy SPECT generally adopts high performance detector, collimator, algorithm for reconstructing to improve spatial resolution (reaching 1mm following).Wherein, while utilizing algorithm for reconstructing to promote picture quality, spend minimumly, benefit rate is the highest.SPECT algorithm for reconstructing is mainly divided into two kinds of iterative algorithm and analytical algorithms, the Jinyi Qi professor of Univ California-Davis USA has summarized the SPECT algorithm for reconstructing over nearly 30 years in < < Analytic Determination of the Pinhole Collimator ' s Point-Spread Function and RMS Resolution With Penetration > > [Phys.Med.Biol.51 (2006) R541 – R578] literary composition, describe the advantage of iterative algorithm in SPECT image reconstruction in detail, the order subset maximum likelihood algorithm (OS-EM) of clinical middle extensive use especially at present---there is reconstruction precision high, the feature such as few consuming time.
OS-EM algorithm is proposed in 1994 first by Hudson and Larkin, in < < Accelerated image reconstruction using ordered subsets of projection data > > [IEEETrans.Med.Imaging13601 – 9] literary composition, two people have verified the feasibility of OS-EM algorithm.More original filter back-projection algorithm (Filtered BackprojectionMethods), OS-EM is improving a lot aspect the quality of reconstruction image, and by the orderly division of projection angle, has significantly reduced the reconstruction time of iterative algorithm.Root according to data, the Inveon SPECT/CT that the eXplorespeCZT/CT120Mirco-SPECT that U.S. GE (General Electric) company produces and Siemens are produced has adopted OS-EM algorithm, has reached the spatial resolution of " submillimeter level ".As can be seen here, in the research and development of toy SPECT, for the research of OS-EM algorithm, to improving the spatial resolution of toy SPECT video picture, be vital, exploitation also has realistic meaning with the hardware device that OS-EM algorithm is arranged in pairs or groups mutually very much.
Different from the rotary-type SPECT of clinical middle extensive use, high-performance toy SPECT instrument adopts fixed design mostly, detector is installed in and in a fixed frame, carries out data acquisition: in order to reach abundant gammaphoton counting and sampling angle, need a lot of detectors surround an annular.Therefore, this design is in great demand to detector and collimator, and the cost of adding pinhole collimator is higher, has caused the cost of toy SPECT instrument sharply to rise.
Secondly, fixed design need to be waited until when all (angle) detector is all collected enough countings, could apply OS-EM algorithm and rebuild image.Consider that OS-EM algorithm is most effective during iteration several times at first, to the indiscriminate sampling of all angles, can not highlight the speed advantage of OS-EM algorithm completely.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of by the revolving order subset algorithm of polygon SPECT imaging device, the SPECT formation method based on order subset algorithm.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of SPECT formation method based on order subset algorithm.
The SPECT imaging device of order subset algorithm of the present invention comprises: SPECT detector, lifting platform, collimator, rotation frame, examinating couch and data collecting system; Wherein, rotate one end that frame is fixed on base plate, rotate in frame and have through hole, the axis of through hole of take during imaging is that rotating shaft rotates; SPECT detector and collimator are arranged on around the through hole that rotates frame, and are arranged in equilateral polygon, and collimator is between SPECT detector and imaging region; Lifting platform is fixed on the other end of base plate; Examinating couch is fixed on lifting platform, and the detection bodies with radioactive source is placed on examinating couch; The through hole of examinating couch and rotation frame is coaxial; Rotate frame and turn at the plane internal rotation of the axis perpendicular to examinating couch, drive collimator and SPECT detector at the rotation with in surface perpendicular to axis; SPECT detector is connected to data collecting system.
SPECT formation method based on order subset algorithm of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1) before collimator is set in parallel in to SPECT detector, SPECT detector and collimator are arranged in equilateral polygon and are arranged on around the through hole that rotates frame, and polygonal limit number is M, wherein, and the natural number that M is >=2;
2) by die body, test and be met the image resolution ratio of design standard, the required angular interval of rotation, the times N of data acquisition, the natural number that wherein N is >=2;
3) detection bodies with radioactive source is placed on examinating couch, and then regulates lifting platform, make the through hole of examinating couch and rotation frame coaxial;
4) rotation frame is rotate in place, radioactive source in detection bodies adopts single photon tracer, single photon tracer sends gamma-rays, through receiving γ photon counting by SPECT detector after collimator, gamma-rays is converted into the signal of telecommunication, finally by data wire, be connected to data collecting system, record the γ photon counting of SPECT detector on every limit, after counting finishes, the transfer of data of the SPECT detector of different angles, to data collecting system, is carried out to an iteration of OS-EM;
5) according to step 2) in the angular interval of the rotation that obtains, frame, repeating step 4 are rotated in rotation), until realize data acquisition N time, to carry out after N the iteration of OS-EM, data collecting system reconstructs while meeting the requiring of image resolution ratio, stop data acquisition, imaging finishes.
Wherein, in step 1) in, the angle number in the corresponding subset of M is counted on polygonal limit, therefore, in order to guarantee collecting efficiency, requires 6≤M≤30.Collimator adopts parallel aperture collimator, after parallel aperture collimator collimation, only has the γ photon identical with collimator direction, can be collected by SPECT detector, and the γ photon direction that has guaranteed like this to enter in the SPECT detector on each limit is identical.
In step 2) in, in order to improve conventional efficient, after M is counted on the polygonal limit of having determined detector, the unified testing standard that can formulate according to country, utilize standard die body to test system, determine the angular interval of the needed adjacent twice data acquisition rotation of image resolution ratio that meets design standard and the times N of data acquisition.Die body experiment refers to: the standard die body that adopts known resolution, the angular interval of design rotation and the number of times of data acquisition, according to known standard, weigh the resolution of imaging device, thereby find out the required angular interval of rotation and the times N of data acquisition of image resolution ratio that meets design standard.Angular interval of every rotation, carries out a data acquisition, then carries out OS-EM iteration one time, and the times N of data acquisition is the number of times of iteration, and the angular interval of rotation is less than 360 °/M.When as less demanding in image resolution ratio, can scan rapidly: increase the angular interval of rotation, reduce iterations simultaneously.When as very high in image resolution ratio requirement: reduce the angular interval of rotation, suitably increase acquisition time and times of collection (iterations).Utilize these data, can greatly improve step 4) collecting efficiency, contribute to experimenter more flexibly, contrived experiment efficiently, thereby reach the object of the requirement that simultaneously meets image resolution ratio of saving time.
In step 4) in, reach enough γ photon countings, the signal to noise ratio of SPECT detector is reached more than 10, counting finishes.
The present invention is based on the OS-EM formation method of (being divided into the maximum that orderly subset is asked expected value), before parallel aperture collimator is arranged on to SPECT detector, SPECT detector and parallel aperture collimator are arranged in equilateral polygon and are arranged on around the through hole that rotates frame.Rotation frame is rotated, and drives parallel aperture collimator and SPECT detector to turn at the plane internal rotation perpendicular to axis, thereby obtains the sampled data of different angles.The corresponding sampling angle in polygonal each limit, limit is counted M and is an angle number M in subset; In each subset, the difference between adjacent angle is 360 °/M; Angle of every rotation is carried out a data acquisition, is a subset, and rotating machine chord position carries out respectively the collection of N secondary data in N different angle, just forms N subset.
Advantage of the present invention:
The present invention adopts SPECT detector and collimator to be arranged in equilateral polygon and is arranged on around the through hole that rotates frame, collocation order subset algorithm, the method of dividing into groups by hardware, can efficiently bring into play the advantage of this algorithm, do not need to gather whole 360 angles, effectively reduce unnecessary photon counting, shortened acquisition time; Secondly, the present invention adopts rotation frame, has reduced the demand of detector and collimator, good economy performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the SPECT imaging device of order subset algorithm of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of rotation frame of the SPECT imaging device of order subset algorithm of the present invention, wherein, (A) is front view, is (B) side view, is (C) top view;
Fig. 3 is the examinating couch of SPECT imaging device and the structural representation of lifting platform of order subset algorithm of the present invention, wherein, (A) is front view, is (B) side view, is (C) top view;
Fig. 4 is the SPECT detector of SPECT imaging device of order subset algorithm of the present invention and the schematic diagram of collimator, wherein, (A) be the combination schematic diagram of SPECT detector and parallel aperture collimator, (B) for the explosive view of parallel aperture collimator collimation γ photon, (C) be the schematic diagram of the sampling of equilateral hexagon structure;
Fig. 5 is that the parallel aperture collimator of SPECT pinhole collimator performance testing device of the present invention becomes the schematic diagram of equilateral polygon with SPECT detector array, wherein, (A) is hexagon, is (B) heptagon, is (C) octagon;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that the order subset of the SPECT formation method of order subset algorithm of the present invention is divided, wherein, (A) be the schematic diagram of six angles of a certain moment SPECT detector collection, (B) be next six angle schematic diagram that SPECT detector gathers constantly, (C) be the coaxial schematic diagram that two different angles gather image.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment be take hexagonal detector: M=6 as example, and the SPECT imaging device of order subset algorithm comprises: rotate frame 2, lifting platform 3, examinating couch 4, SPECT detector and collimator 5 and data collecting system; Wherein, rotate one end that frame 2 is fixed on base plate 1, rotate in frame 2 and have through hole, the axis of through hole of take during imaging is that rotating shaft rotates; SPECT detector and collimator 5 are arranged on around the through hole that rotates frame, and are arranged in equilateral hexagon, and collimator is between SPECT detector and imaging region; Lifting platform 3 is fixed on the other end of base plate 1; Examinating couch 4 is fixed on lifting platform 3, and the detection bodies with radioactive source is placed on examinating couch 4; The through hole of examinating couch 4 and rotation frame 2 is coaxial; Rotate frame 2 and turn at the plane internal rotation of the axis perpendicular to examinating couch 4, drive collimator and SPECT detector 5 at the rotation with in surface perpendicular to axis; SPECT detector is connected to data collecting system.The axis of rotating shaft and through hole in the x-direction, rotates frame at yz rotation with in surface.Collimator adopts parallel aperture collimator.
As shown in Figure 2, rotate frame 2 and comprise annular rotary apparatus 201 and framework soleplate 202.Parallel aperture collimator 501 and SPECT detector 502 are arranged in equilateral hexagon; Wherein, parallel aperture collimator 501, between SPECT detector 502 and imaging region, before being fixed on SPECT detector 502, is realized the collimation to γ photon; Rotate frame 2 and drive parallel aperture collimator 501 to rotate together with SPECT detector 502, realize the collection to different directions photon.
As shown in Figure 3, lifting platform 3 comprises lifting linking member 301 and adjusting knob 302; Wherein, lifting linking member 301 is arranged on base plate 1, by adjusting knob 302, can realize on Z axis and moving.Examinating couch 4 is arranged on lifting platform 3, and examinating couch comprises sleeve 401, the hollow cylinder being processed by low-density plastics or lucite, and inside is provided with bolster, prevents body landing to be measured; Sleeve 401 is placed in horizontal slide rail 402, and slide rail is connected to motor, can be with moving sleeve to move along rotating shaft (X-axis) direction after starting.Detection bodies with radioactive source is positioned in sleeve 401, can gather by the rotation of rotating frame the fault information of different directions, also can static placement gathers the projection information of certain direction.
Parallel aperture collimator is fixed on the SPECT detector surface of pixelation, as shown in Fig. 4 (A); The γ photon of different directions is by collected by SPECT detector after parallel aperture collimator standard, as shown in Fig. 4 (B), solid arrow represents the γ photon of different directions, what dotted portion represented is the γ photon identical with parallel aperture collimator direction, after parallel aperture collimator collimation, only have the γ photon (identical with parallel aperture collimator direction) of dotted line representative to be collected by SPECT detector; The part of central black is effective field of view, as shown in Fig. 4 (C).The angle identical with parallel aperture collimator direction, corresponding to the sampling angle on the limit at parallel aperture collimator 501 and SPECT detector 502 places.
The equilateral polygon that parallel aperture collimator 501 and SPECT detector 502 are arranged in can be hexagon, heptagon or octagon etc., respectively as Fig. 5 (A), (B) with (C).
As shown in Fig. 6 (A), the γ photon of the six direction of a certain moment radioactive source transmitting is imaged on the SPECT detector 502 of pixelation by parallel aperture collimator 501.Next constantly rotates and rotates after frame, and detector will collect the γ photon of other six angles, as shown in Fig. 6 (B).Rotate frame 2 and turn at YZ plane internal rotation, SPECT detector is collected data, can obtain the activity information of the different tomographies of radioactive source, thereby rebuilds image for OS-EM algorithm.
The SPECT formation method based on order subset algorithm of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1), before parallel aperture collimator is set in parallel in to SPECT detector, SPECT detector and parallel aperture collimator are arranged in equilateral hexagon and are arranged on around the through hole that rotates frame;
2) testing standard of formulating according to country, utilize standard die body to test system, experiment die body is selected the have different size cylindrical cavity of (0.5mm～2mm), includes radioactive substance, by die body, tests, be met the image resolution ratio of design standard, the angular interval of required rotation and data acquisition times N, the natural number that wherein N is >=2, when do not needed high spatial resolution, can scan rapidly: increase the angular interval of rotation, reduce iterations.During spatial resolution as high in needs: reduce the angular interval of rotation, suitably increase acquisition time and times of collection (iterations);
3) detection bodies with radioactive source is placed on examinating couch, is then regulating lifting platform, make the through hole of examinating couch and rotation frame coaxial;
4) rotation frame is rotate in place, radioactive source in detection bodies adopts single photon tracer, single photon tracer sends gamma-rays, these gamma-rays are through receiving γ photon counting by SPECT detector after parallel aperture collimator, gamma-rays is converted into the signal of telecommunication, finally by data wire, be connected to data collecting system, record the γ photon counting of SPECT detector on every limit, reach after enough counting, the transfer of data of the SPECT detector of different angles, to data collecting system, is carried out to an iteration of OS-EM;
5) according to step 2) in the angular interval of the rotation that obtains, frame, repeating step 4 are rotated in rotation), until realize data acquisition N time, to carry out after N the iteration of OS-EM, data collecting system reconstructs while meeting the requiring of image resolution ratio, stop data acquisition, imaging finishes.
Wherein, in step 4) in, for the SPECT detector of pixelation, because the height of detector performance and environment noise is different, the γ photon counting of each pixel of General Requirements reaches more than 100, thereby guarantees that signal to noise ratio reaches more than 10.
Finally it should be noted that, the object of publicizing and implementing mode is to help further to understand the present invention, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, various substitutions and modifications are all possible.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the disclosed content of embodiment, and the scope that the scope of protection of present invention defines with claims is as the criterion.
Claims (5)
1. the SPECT formation method based on order subset algorithm, is characterized in that, described formation method comprises the following steps:
1) before collimator is set in parallel in to SPECT detector, SPECT detector and collimator are arranged in equilateral polygon and are arranged on around the through hole that rotates frame, and polygonal limit number is M, wherein, and the natural number that M is >=2;
2) by die body, test the image resolution ratio that is met design standard, the angular interval of required rotation and the times N of data acquisition, the natural number that wherein N is >=2;
3) detection bodies with radioactive source is placed on examinating couch, and then regulates lifting platform, make the through hole of examinating couch and rotation frame coaxial;
4) rotation frame is rotate in place, radioactive source in detection bodies adopts single photon tracer, single photon tracer sends gamma-rays, through receiving γ photon counting by SPECT detector after collimator, gamma-rays is converted into the signal of telecommunication, finally by data wire, be connected to data collecting system, record the γ photon counting of every limit SPECT detector, after counting finishes, the transfer of data of the SPECT detector of different angles, to data collecting system, is carried out to an iteration of OS-EM;
5) according to step 2) in the angular interval of the rotation that obtains, frame, repeating step 4 are rotated in rotation), until realize data acquisition N time, to carry out after N the iteration of OS-EM, data collecting system reconstructs while meeting the requiring of image resolution ratio, stop data acquisition, imaging finishes.
2. formation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1) in, the angle number in the corresponding subset of M is counted on polygonal limit, requires 6≤M≤30.
3. formation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 2) in, die body experiment refers to, adopt the standard die body of known resolution, the angular interval of design rotation and the number of times of data acquisition, weigh the resolution of imaging device, thereby find out the required angular interval of rotation and the times N of data acquisition of image resolution ratio that meets design standard according to known standard.
4. formation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 4) in, the signal to noise ratio that γ photon counting meets SPECT detector reaches more than 10, and counting finishes.
5. formation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described collimator adopts parallel aperture collimator.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104905809A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-16 | 张恩红 | CT stationary-detection heart scanning device |
| CN108236474A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-03 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Angiography scans device carries bed and carries bed positioning device |
| CN110853040A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-28 | 北京深境智能科技有限公司 | Image collaborative segmentation method based on super-resolution reconstruction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103654835B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-08-12 | 北京大学 | A kind of test set and method of testing thereof assessing SPECT pinhole collimator performance |
| CN103815925B (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2016-03-09 | 北京锐视康科技发展有限公司 | Medical image imaging system and formation method thereof during a kind of multi-modal homomorphism etc. |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104905809A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-16 | 张恩红 | CT stationary-detection heart scanning device |
| CN108236474A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-03 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Angiography scans device carries bed and carries bed positioning device |
| CN108236474B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2021-04-27 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Radiography scanning device, bed and bed positioning device |
| CN110853040A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-28 | 北京深境智能科技有限公司 | Image collaborative segmentation method based on super-resolution reconstruction |
| CN110853040B (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2023-04-28 | 北京深境智能科技有限公司 | Image collaborative segmentation method based on super-resolution reconstruction |
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