CN104020259B - Testing device and testing method for coupling relationship between loss factors of damping material and energy as well as temperature - Google Patents
Testing device and testing method for coupling relationship between loss factors of damping material and energy as well as temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN104020259B CN104020259B CN201410270135.XA CN201410270135A CN104020259B CN 104020259 B CN104020259 B CN 104020259B CN 201410270135 A CN201410270135 A CN 201410270135A CN 104020259 B CN104020259 B CN 104020259B
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Abstract
The invention provides a testing device and testing method for coupling relationship between loss factors of a damping material and energy as well as temperature. The testing device comprises a viscoelastometer, an energy measuring device and a thermocouple device for measuring temperature. The testing method comprises the following steps: firstly, measuring the change of the loss factors of the damping material by using the viscoelastometer along with the temperature under a certain frequency and in the temperature range needing to be researched, then measuring energy difference of input and output by using a method for measuring power flow of energy, meanwhile measuring transient temperature by using the thermocouple buried in the damping material to obtain the energy consumption of the damping material, and further researching the relationship between the loss factors and the energy as well as temperature. According to the method, the method for measuring the power flow is used for calculating vibration energy, an experimental device is simple, and engineering is easily realized. The method can quantitatively describe the loss factors of the damping material, the temperature and the vibration energy. According to the method, measurement is carried out from the standpoint of energy, assumption is not needed for facilitating mathematical calculation, and therefore errors are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be a kind of study viscoelastic damping material dissipation factor and its experimental provision for the relation of vibrational energy and method.
Background technology
Viscoelastic damping material is widely used in damping vibration attenuation structure, is control structure and instrument and equipment vibration, impacts and the effective means of noise.Thus, damping material consumed energy accounts for the proportion of vibrational system total input energy, for the evaluation of damping material damping property, has important engineering significance.The energy of viscoelastic damping material in the vibration damping course of work forms primarily of three parts: the kinetic energy of self, recoverable elasticity energy and expendable loss of energy, and wherein expendable power consumption is exactly the mark characterizing its damping capacity.But due to the complicacy of physical construction in engineering, its kinetic energy and elasticity can be difficult to measure.Thus, tradition is only carried out to the research method of vibration-testing, be difficult to set up catabiotic quantitative description in damping characteristic and vibration processes.
The key property parameter characterizing damping property is dissipation factor.Dissipation factor is subject to the impact of environment very large, and along with temperature, frequency, stress amplitude change and change obviously, wherein affecting parameter main to it is temperature.As a rule, under the environmental baseline of the vibration be applied to, dissipation factor is larger, and the performance of damping material is better, and its energy of loss in vibration processes is more.But power consumption must cause viscoelastic material own temperature to raise, temperature raises the change causing dissipation factor.But meanwhile, the change of dissipation factor affects again the number of power consumption.Thus in practice, because energy ezpenditure, viscoelastic material temperature and a few person of material loss factor influence each other, the characteristic of visco-elastic damping material changes with application feature, brings difficulty to the reasonable employment of viscoelastic damping material.Thus, the reasonable employment of relation to damping material studied between the power consumption to vibration of damping material, dissipation factor has great importance.
The theoretical research of this respect is relative with experimental study less, particularly quantitative examination." damping-constraining type vibration isolator viscoelastic material vibration Research on Temperature Rise [J] " (" vibration engineering journal ", 2010,23 (5): 585-590) in, the viscoelastic material of the mathematics model analysis using progressive integration method to set up damping-constraining type vibration isolator in sinusoidal loading mechanism shears temperature rising history, and carries out sine sweep experiment to the shearing-type damping-constraining vibration isolator of design.By its velocity variations course of piezoelectric sensor record, use infrared thermometer to measure the temperature rising history of viscoelastic material in vibration isolator simultaneously.But the method for frequency sweep that what it adopted is, supposes that it varies with temperature and can ignore Nonlinear viscoelastic spillage of material modulus of shearing relatively with frequency change, and principle can bring certain error to experimental result.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can realize dissipation factor in damping material work process and vibration and to consume energy the dissipation factor of damping material of the quantitative description intercoupled and the proving installation of energy and temperature coupled relation.The present invention also aims to provide a kind of dissipation factor of damping material and the method for testing of energy and temperature coupled relation.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The proving installation of the dissipation factor of damping material of the present invention and energy and temperature coupled relation comprises viscoelastic spectrometer, measures the device of energy and the thermocouple assembly of measuring tempeature;
Described viscoelastic spectrometer for measure damping material under certain frequency, temperature range in dissipation factor variation with temperature;
Over time, namely the heat energy produced for calculating damping material consume energy temperature in the thermocouple assembly collection damping material of described measuring tempeature;
The device of described measurement energy comprises data collection and analysis instrument, power amplifier, charge amplifier, vibrator, the upper reluctance head be made up of upper force snesor and upper acceleration transducer, the lower reluctance head be made up of lower force snesor and lower acceleration transducer, the top and bottom of damping material are arranged upper strata steel plate and lower floor's steel plate, upper reluctance head is arranged on the exciting rod of vibrator, lower reluctance head is arranged on the steel plate of upper strata, data collection and analysis instrument produces the sinusoidal signal with the same amplitude of the same frequency of viscoelastic spectrometer, rear drive vibrator is amplified through power amplifier, upper reluctance head obtains the force signal and acceleration signal that put on the firm plate in upper strata, force signal on the firm plate of lower reluctance head acquisition lower floor and acceleration signal input charge amplifier, charge amplifier is by force signal, acceleration signal outputs in data collection and analysis instrument after amplifying, be transferred to further in computing machine.
Described thermopair to be embedded in damping material and to arrange heat insulation layer outside damping material.
The method of testing of the dissipation factor of damping material of the present invention and energy and temperature coupled relation is:
First the dissipation factor variation with temperature of damping material under certain frequency, in required temperature range is measured with viscoelastic spectrometer; Then produce with data collection and analysis instrument and drive vibrator exciting upper strata steel plate with the sinusoidal signal of the sinusoidal signal same frequency of the same amplitude of the same frequency of viscoelastic spectrometer, the power of levels steel plate and vibration acceleration signal are gathered, by computer calculate input-output power stream, and then try to achieve input and output energy difference, thus obtain the gross energy of damping material; Over time, namely the heat energy calculating the generation of damping material consume energy temperature in the damping material of thermopair collection simultaneously; Obtain the corresponding relation of dissipation factor and temperature, temperature and heat energy, heat energy and vibration total energy; Eventually through the relation curve of matching power consumption and temperature, dissipation factor, obtain these three the interactional quantitative relationships of amount, simultaneously by calculate heat energy and vibrational system can ratio the damping characteristic of material is described.
The temperature that described thermopair gathers in damping material is imbedded in damping material by multiple thermopair over time, and does insulation to entirety.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention is calculated vibrational energy by the method for measured power stream, and experimental provision is simple, and engineering is easy to realize.
2, the present invention can realize the quantitative description of damping material dissipation factor, temperature and vibrational energy.
3, the present invention measures from the angle of energy, conveniently need not suppose, thus decrease error for mathematical computations.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the dissipation factor of damping material of the present invention and the proving installation (not comprising viscoelastic spectrometer) of energy and temperature coupled relation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing citing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The proving installation of the dissipation factor of damping material of the present invention and energy and temperature coupled relation comprises viscoelastic spectrometer, measures the device of energy and the thermocouple assembly of measuring tempeature, described viscoelastic spectrometer for measure damping material under certain frequency, temperature range in dissipation factor variation with temperature, over time, namely the heat energy produced for calculating damping material consume energy temperature in the thermocouple assembly collection damping material of described measuring tempeature, composition graphs 1, the device of described measurement energy comprises data collection and analysis instrument 2, power amplifier 3, charge amplifier 4, vibrator 5, the upper reluctance head be made up of upper force snesor 8 and upper acceleration transducer 9, the lower reluctance head be made up of lower force snesor 13 and lower acceleration transducer 12, the top and bottom of damping material 6 are arranged upper strata steel plate 10 and lower floor's steel plate 11, upper reluctance head is arranged on the exciting rod of vibrator, lower reluctance head is arranged on the steel plate of upper strata, data collection and analysis instrument produces the sinusoidal signal with the same amplitude of the same frequency of viscoelastic spectrometer, rear drive vibrator is amplified through power amplifier, upper reluctance head obtains the force signal and acceleration signal that put on the firm plate in upper strata, force signal on the firm plate of lower reluctance head acquisition lower floor and acceleration signal input charge amplifier, charge amplifier is by force signal, acceleration signal outputs in data collection and analysis instrument after amplifying, be transferred to further in computing machine 1.Multiple thermopair 7 is imbedded in damping material, and insulation is done to entirety obtains heat insulation layer 14.
The method of testing of the dissipation factor of damping material of the present invention and energy and temperature coupled relation is:
1, viscoelastic damping material is measured under certain frequency, stress amplitude with viscoelastic spectrometer, in the temperature range of required research, the dissipation factor variation with temperature of damping material.
2, utilize the data collection and analysis instrument 2 in Fig. 1 experimental provision to produce the sinusoidal signal with the same amplitude of the same frequency of viscoelastic spectrometer, after power amplifier 3 amplifies, drive vibrator 5.Be arranged on force snesor 8 on exciting rod and obtain the force signal put on the firm plate 10 in upper strata, the acceleration transducer 9 be arranged near Position of Vibrating gathers the firm plate rate signal in upper strata.Force snesor 13 obtains the force signal on the firm plate 11 of lower floor, and acceleration transducer 12 gathers the firm plate rate signal of lower floor.Force signal, acceleration signal output in data collection and analysis instrument after amplifying by charge amplifier 4, are transferred to further in computing machine 1 and analyze.
3, in order to record the temperature of damping material, multiple thermopair 7 is imbedded in damping material, and insulation is done on damping material 6 top layer, apply heat insulation layer 14.
4, be continuously applied to the excitation of upper strata steel plate with vibrator in test, after stable, record the temperature and time relation of damping material, and then try to achieve energy consumption, Δ Q=cm Δ T.Wherein Δ Q is energy consumption, and c is the specific heat capacity of damping material, and m is the quality of damping material, and Δ T is the temperature difference under the corresponding time.
5, the poower flow that the power measured by sensor and acceleration (integration tries to achieve speed) are tried to achieve,
wherein, f (t) is power, and v (t) is speed.For harmonic excitation,
wherein F is the amplitude of power, and V is the amplitude of speed, and φ is the phase differential of power and speed.So can in the hope of the input power flow P of upper strata steel plate
in, the output power stream P of lower floor's steel plate
out, with the integration of time
input and output energy W can be tried to achieve
inand W
out, and then try to achieve energy difference Δ W=W
in-W
out, the dissipation energy Δ Q that the temperature computation utilizing thermopair to record obtains, and the temperature curve of dissipation factor that viscoelastic spectrometer records, just can study the relation between energy consumption and dissipation factor, temperature.Meanwhile, according to Δ Q and Δ W, and corresponding temperature, dissipation factor, just can study damping material and consume energy in the course of the work and relation between gross energy.
6, change frequency, repeat previous step, further under research different frequency, the relation between the damping capacity of damping material and temperature, energy.
Claims (4)
1. the dissipation factor of damping material and a proving installation for energy and temperature coupled relation, comprises viscoelastic spectrometer, measures the device of energy and the thermocouple assembly of measuring tempeature, it is characterized in that:
Described viscoelastic spectrometer for measure damping material under setpoint frequency, setting temperature range in dissipation factor variation with temperature;
Over time, namely the heat energy produced for calculating damping material consume energy temperature in the thermocouple assembly collection damping material of described measuring tempeature;
The device of described measurement energy comprises data collection and analysis instrument, power amplifier, charge amplifier, vibrator, the upper reluctance head be made up of upper force snesor and upper acceleration transducer, the lower reluctance head be made up of lower force snesor and lower acceleration transducer, the top and bottom of damping material are arranged upper strata steel plate and lower floor's steel plate, upper reluctance head is arranged on the exciting rod of vibrator, lower reluctance head is arranged on the steel plate of upper strata, data collection and analysis instrument produces the sinusoidal signal with the same amplitude of the same frequency of viscoelastic spectrometer, rear drive vibrator is amplified through power amplifier, upper reluctance head obtains the force signal and acceleration signal that put on the firm plate in upper strata, force signal on the firm plate of lower reluctance head acquisition lower floor and acceleration signal input charge amplifier, charge amplifier is by force signal, acceleration signal outputs in data collection and analysis instrument after amplifying, be transferred to further in computing machine.
2. the dissipation factor of damping material according to claim 1 and the proving installation of energy and temperature coupled relation, is characterized in that: described thermopair to be embedded in damping material and to arrange heat insulation layer outside damping material.
3., by a method of testing for the dissipation factor of damping material according to claim 1 and the proving installation of energy and temperature coupled relation, it is characterized in that:
First the dissipation factor variation with temperature of damping material under setpoint frequency, in set temperature range is measured with viscoelastic spectrometer; Then produce with data collection and analysis instrument and drive vibrator exciting upper strata steel plate with the sinusoidal signal of the sinusoidal signal same frequency of the same amplitude of the same frequency of viscoelastic spectrometer, the power of levels steel plate and vibration acceleration signal are gathered, by computer calculate input-output power stream, and then try to achieve input and output energy difference, thus obtain the gross energy of damping material; Over time, namely the heat energy calculating the generation of damping material consume energy temperature in the damping material of thermopair collection simultaneously; Obtain the corresponding relation of dissipation factor and temperature, temperature and heat energy, heat energy and vibration total energy; Eventually through the relation curve of matching power consumption and temperature, dissipation factor, obtain these three the interactional quantitative relationships of amount, simultaneously by calculate heat energy and vibrational system can ratio the damping characteristic of material is described.
4. the method for testing of the dissipation factor of damping material according to claim 3 and the proving installation of energy and temperature coupled relation, it is characterized in that: the temperature that described thermopair gathers in damping material is imbedded in damping material by multiple thermopair over time, and does insulation to entirety.
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| CN107703050A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-16 | 河北清华发展研究院 | The measuring method of material and the structural bending vibration loss factor under a kind of different frequency |
| CN110208086B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2021-07-09 | 东北石油大学 | Method for solving cumulative damage of rock by pulsating fracturing |
| CN111830137B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2023-04-18 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Testing system and evaluation method for underwater vibration isolation effect of vibration isolator |
| CN113866214A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-31 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Loss factor testing device and method under current action |
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| CN103698404B (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2016-08-17 | 同济大学 | Damping material fissipation factor measuring method based on impulse response method and measurement apparatus |
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