CN104019000A - Load spectrum determination and proactive maintenance system of wind generating set - Google Patents
Load spectrum determination and proactive maintenance system of wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a load spectrum determination and proactive maintenance system of a wind generating set. The load spectrum determination and proactive maintenance system comprises a data acquisition and monitoring control system and is characterized in that a main engine of the data acquisition and monitoring control system is in connection with a main control system of the wind generating set for communication so as to obtain running and alert data of the wind generating set; the main engine also is in connection with a load spectrum determination unit of the wind generating set for communication so as to determine the running load spectrum of the wind generating set, is in connection with a transmission chain acquisition unit of the wind generating set for communication so as to acquire vibration, noise and displacement of a transmission chain of the wind generating set, and is connected with a wind power plant wind-resource distribution data unit. By detecting the running state of wind driven generators, the system establishes a running condition database, studies the mechanism of main failure forms of a fan, and realizes proactive maintenance for the wind generating set.
Description
Technical field
The loading spectrum that the present invention relates to a kind of wind power generating set is measured and perspective maintenance system.
Background technique
The advantage of domestic new cleaning fuel shows day by day, wind power generating set electric motor power constantly soaring, and along with the increase of unit operation time, unit starts to occur parts problem (as blade, main shaft bearing, controller etc.) successively.Fan operation is difficult in maintenance, monitoring system is backward; deficient Analysis of Failure Mechanism and countermeasure; cause maintenance not carry out in time; and wind regime when good by forced-stopping machine; bring huge economic loss to wind-powered electricity generation operator; therefore urgent Utilization ratio of wishing to improve by perfect unit maintenance system wind-powered electricity generation unit, reduces O&M cost.
Summary of the invention
One of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of loading spectrum of wind power generating set and measures and perspective maintenance system, can set up running of wind generating set situation database, according to fault diagnosis mechanism, realizes the perspective maintenance to wind power generating set simultaneously;
Two of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of perspective maintaining method of wind power generating set, can set up running of wind generating set situation database, according to fault diagnosis mechanism, realizes the perspective maintenance to wind power generating set simultaneously.
A kind of loading spectrum of wind power generating set is measured and perspective maintenance system, comprise data capture and supervisor control, its specialization is: thus described data capture is connected with the main frame of supervisor control the operation that wind-powered electricity generation unit is obtained in communication with wind-powered electricity generation unit master control system, Alert data, thereby this main frame is also connected respectively the performance load spectrum of communication acoustic wind group of motors with wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum determination unit, thereby be also connected the vibration that communication gathers wind turbine transmission chain with wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit, noise and displacement, and be connected with wind energy turbine set wind-resources distributed data unit.
Wherein wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum determination unit comprises and is arranged on respectively in 3 blades of wind-powered electricity generation unit and the optical fiber load transducer of 3 change oar flanges, and 3 foil gauges altogether that radially interval 120 degree are installed on main shaft, thereby for measuring whether balance of torque that 3 blades put on main shaft, and above-mentioned all the sensors is all connected with the main frame of supervisor control with data capture by DSP with foil gauge.
Wherein wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit comprises the acceleration transducer at the root of blade, gear-box, main shaft and the frame place, cabin that are arranged on respectively wind-powered electricity generation unit, and the noise transducer that is arranged on respectively wheel hub and gear-box place, also be included in the displacement transducer that main shaft is axially installed, and above-mentioned all the sensors is all connected with the main frame of supervisor control with data capture by DSP.
Wherein wind energy turbine set wind-resources distributed data unit adopts the computer that wind energy turbine set wind-resources distributed data base is installed.
A perspective maintaining method for wind power generating set, its specialization is, comprises the steps:
(1) first, the status data when main frame by data capture and supervisor control records respectively wind-powered electricity generation unit and normally moves and during fault, and by the performance load spectrum information of the wind-powered electricity generation unit of being measured by wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum determination unit, and the vibration of the wind turbine transmission chain being gathered by wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit, noise and displacement information, status data while normally moving with aforementioned wind-powered electricity generation unit and during fault is set up one-to-one relationship, mark the abnormal data feature before breaking down, according to this corresponding relation, determine the threshold range of the normal run time behaviour of wind-powered electricity generation unit, set up blower fan actual operating data storehouse,
(2) after the main frame of data capture and supervisor control detects wind-powered electricity generation unit status data by wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum determination unit or wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit is not in the threshold range of normal run time behaviour, first be connected the operation that current wind-powered electricity generation unit is obtained in communication with wind-powered electricity generation unit master control system, Alert data, the one-to-one relationship of the status data while then normally moving according to the wind-powered electricity generation unit of setting up in step (1) and during fault, in conjunction with the abnormal data feature before fault, by analyzing abnormal signal, finding out the potential fault of wind-powered electricity generation unit may, thereby just make diagnosis and provide fault warning in advance at the initial stage of running of wind generating set data exception, judge in advance the contingent fault of unit and reason thereof.
While analyzing abnormal signal in step (2), need to inquire about the information in wind energy turbine set wind-resources distributed data unit, in the fault warning providing in advance, inform rational repair and maintenance opportunity, thereby avoid the period that wind regime is good as far as possible.
Status data when step (1) apoplexy group of motors is normally moved and during fault comprises vane propeller-changing angle, vane propeller-changing speed, spindle speed, generator speed, wind speed, generated output power, main shaft bearing temperature, high speed shaft bearing temperature, pitch variable bearings temperature, generator-temperature detection, gear-box temperature, current transformer temperature and becomes oar cylinder pressure, energy storage pressure, driftage retardation pressure.
In step (1), set up blower fan actual operating data storehouse specifically:
First, according to wind energy turbine set wind-resources data and blower fan technical specification, with GH bladed wind-powered electricity generation unit simulation software, calculate the load of each operating mode of unit; Choose representative minute and measure the actual blade loading of blower fan wind field and main shaft load, to emulation with survey load data after filtering, discrete processes, complete and obtain wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum time series;
By wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit, obtain the vibration of unit Transmitted chains, noise and displacement signal, simultaneously according to blade loading and main shaft load data, and the be coupled data capture of wind-powered electricity generation unit self and the data of supervisor control;
Then, by above data process extraction and analysis, classification, specifically comprise time domain, the frequecny domain analysis of load, vibration, displacement, noise signal, then according to the common failure mode experience of wind-powered electricity generation unit, process and determine the corresponding abnormal information of certain failure mode, corresponding anomaly parameter in data and corresponding failure mode are realized to correspondence one by one, thereby look-ahead is located fast;
Finally, obtain fan design load and foundation, improve the perspective maintenance system of wind field, set up failure mode and data characterization correspondence database and visualization interface one by one.
The loading spectrum that the invention provides a kind of wind power generating set is measured and perspective maintenance system and method, this system is by detecting the running state of wind-driven generator, set up runnability database, the mechanism of research blower fan main failure forms, realizes the perspective maintenance to wind-powered electricity generation unit.This system can be measured unit performance load spectrum, by states such as Real-Time Monitoring unit vibration, noise, rotating speeds, in conjunction with unit SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) supervisory system, the related data gathering while collecting the normal operation of wind-powered electricity generation unit and malfunction alarm also after treatment, set up running of wind generating set situation database, according to fault diagnosis mechanism, realize the perspective maintenance to wind power generating set simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is set up blower fan actual operating data storehouse theory diagram in the present invention;
The theory diagram that accompanying drawing 2 carries out fan trouble anticipation for the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the function of wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum determination unit (being called for short module one) is the performance load spectrum of acoustic wind power generator (blower fan, wind-powered electricity generation unit).This unit goes out installing optical fibres load transducer respectively with 3 change oar flanges in 3 blades of wind power generating set, in main shaft diameter, to every 120 degree installing foil gauges, acts on the torque of main shaft for detection of 3 blades.Sensor, foil gauge signal are after DSP processes, and by after Data Discretization, rejecting abnormalities data are got average, by the different operating conditions of unit, determine the loading spectrum of wind generator set blade, wheel hub, main shaft.
Wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit (being called for short module two) mainly gathers vibration, noise and the displacement of unit Transmitted chains.Specifically at root of blade, gear-box, main shaft and cabin frame, acceleration transducer is installed, the low order of monitoring blade is waved, shimmy frequency, the vibration frequency of gear-box and the natural frequency of pylon, and by DSP settling signal time domain, frequecny domain analysis; At wheel hub and gear-box place, noise transducer is installed, monitoring unit Transmitted chains noise situations; At main shaft bearing place installation position displacement sensor, gather main shaft axial displacement signal.
Data capture adopts couple inspect system to coordinate SCADA software with supervisor control (being called for short module three), data when communicating by letter with blower fan master control system and obtaining unit operation, reporting to the police, comprise data such as becoming propeller angle, change oar speed, main shaft axle rotating speed, generator speed, wind speed, power, temperature and pressure.
Wind energy turbine set wind-resources distributed data unit (being called for short module four) is provided with the computer of database.The wind-resources data of this unit record wind field anemometer tower, as the criterion of estimating the recent generated energy of blower fan.
Perspective maintaining method is specific as follows:
First, status data while recording the normal operation of wind-powered electricity generation unit and fault, the performance load of system module one is composed to data, the vibration noise displacement signal of module two, the integrated signals such as generating unit speed of module three, according to operating mode, set up one-to-one relationship, after Treatment Analysis, determine the normal service data of unit (and definite threshold scope), abnormal data feature before mark breaks down, sets up blower fan actual operating data storehouse by historical data.
When system detects unit data exception, first, according to module three, determine unit operating mode, obtain the relevant informations such as generating unit speed, pitch angle.Under this operating mode, according to module one criterion unit, whether exist load abnormal, cause unit component failure.According to module two, detect unit Transmitted chains and whether vibrate excessive or produce axial displacement again, by analyzing abnormal signal, find out the potential fault possibility of unit, find defect frequency on frequency spectrum.At the abnormal initial stage of data unit operation, judge, predict fault warning, the judgement contingent fault of unit and reason thereof.Meanwhile, system, according to the wind regime information of module four, is avoided the period that wind regime is good as far as possible, in time repair and maintenance wind-powered electricity generation unit.
On the other hand, due to the control strategy of wind power generating set automatical control system, need to be optimized according to the wind regime of design load and wind energy turbine set.Therefore, the wind-powered electricity generation unit multiple malfunctions that native system is detected, the loading spectrum that binding modules one is measured, the control strategy of optimization blower fan independent pitch system, to reach balance unit load, reduces the object of unit acceleration, improves the reliability of equipment.
Two MW class wind turbine group faults of Yi Mou company maintenance are example:
The alarm of one: one typhoon group of motors of example is that high speed shaft running is abnormal, after tearing machine check open, find that gummed appears in high speed shaft bearing, do not cause miscellaneous part to lose efficacy, general 20,000 left and right of maintenance cost, but because the maintenance period is in the full phase of generating, cause thus full phase generated energy loss 200,000.
If adopt perspective maintenance strategy, can realize the maintenance of avoiding the full phase according to wind-resources distributed data unit (being called for short module four) completely on the one hand.On the other hand, bearing gummed reason may be excessive by load or the malfunctioning bearing temperature that causes of temperature control overheated.Here, load is excessive can be by loading spectrum determination unit (being called for short module one) module judgement, if bearing operates under the operating mode that exceeds design load for a long time, system is judged failure cause, can reduce shaft strength by adjusting the control strategy of pitch-controlled system, reduce the possibility that this fault occurs; If the malfunctioning bearing temperature that causes of temperature control is overheated, cause bearing gummed, can by the temperature transducer at high speed shaft bearing place, judge failure cause by data capture and supervisor control (being called for short module three), and change temperature detect switch (TDS) solution unit fault.
Example two: another is that destructive failure appears in gear, bearing, and gear-box is judged to be to be scrapped, disassemble gear-box analyze former because: mould assembling bolt looseness, do not find in time operation exception, gear and bearing, through long-time dislocation operation, are finally scrapped direct economic loss 700,000.
This situation can be moved the not normal initial stage at gear completely and just judge.When gear-box mould assembling bolt looseness, must cause Transmitted chains vibration, noise or malposition, acceleration, noise and displacement signal that application wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit (being called for short module two) gathers, judge these data under the corresponding operating mode of unit whether at normal threshold range.When appearance is abnormal, investigation reason, finds mould assembling bolt looseness, and clamping bolt, avoids loss in time.
With regard to the wind energy turbine set of first phase 50MW capacity, complete the foundation of perspective maintenance system, maintenance cost reduces greatly, estimates that 2% of reduction degree electricity cost calculates, and can save every year 2000000 maintenance cost.Carry out in advance and safeguard preparatory work, to occurring that many faults can lift and spare part by reasonable arrangement, will repeatedly keep in repair and combine.By following the trail of the failure mode of blower fan, can extend the maintenance intervals of blower fan; By following the trail of the state of blower fan, wind field can estimate that blower fan continues the time of operation.By application implementation of the present invention, can reduce the maintenance cost of wind-powered electricity generation unit, improve unit equipment utilization ratio, thereby significantly improve the economic benefit of wind energy turbine set operation.
Claims (8)
1. the loading spectrum of a wind power generating set is measured and perspective maintenance system, comprise data capture and supervisor control, it is characterized in that: thus described data capture is connected with the main frame of supervisor control the operation that wind-powered electricity generation unit is obtained in communication with wind-powered electricity generation unit master control system, Alert data, thereby this main frame is also connected respectively the performance load spectrum of communication acoustic wind group of motors with wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum determination unit, thereby be also connected the vibration that communication gathers wind turbine transmission chain with wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit, noise and displacement, and be connected with wind energy turbine set wind-resources distributed data unit.
2. the loading spectrum of wind power generating set as claimed in claim 1 is measured and perspective maintenance system, it is characterized in that: wherein wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum determination unit comprises and is arranged on respectively in 3 blades of wind-powered electricity generation unit and the optical fiber load transducer of 3 change oar flanges, and 3 foil gauges altogether that radially interval 120 degree are installed on main shaft, thereby for measuring whether balance of torque that 3 blades put on main shaft, and above-mentioned all the sensors is all connected with the main frame of supervisor control with data capture by DSP with foil gauge.
3. the loading spectrum of wind power generating set as claimed in claim 1 is measured and perspective maintenance system, it is characterized in that: wherein wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit comprises the acceleration transducer at the root of blade, gear-box, main shaft and the frame place, cabin that are arranged on respectively wind-powered electricity generation unit, and the noise transducer that is arranged on respectively wheel hub and gear-box place, also be included in the displacement transducer that main shaft is axially installed, and above-mentioned all the sensors is all connected with the main frame of supervisor control with data capture by DSP.
4. the loading spectrum of wind power generating set as claimed in claim 1 is measured and perspective maintenance system, it is characterized in that: wherein wind energy turbine set wind-resources distributed data unit adopts the computer that wind energy turbine set wind-resources distributed data base is installed.
5. a perspective maintaining method for wind power generating set, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) first, the status data when main frame by data capture and supervisor control records respectively wind-powered electricity generation unit and normally moves and during fault, and by the performance load spectrum information of the wind-powered electricity generation unit of being measured by wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum determination unit, and the vibration of the wind turbine transmission chain being gathered by wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit, noise and displacement information, status data while normally moving with aforementioned wind-powered electricity generation unit and during fault is set up one-to-one relationship, mark the abnormal data feature before breaking down, according to this corresponding relation, determine the threshold range of the normal run time behaviour of wind-powered electricity generation unit, set up blower fan actual operating data storehouse,
(2) after the main frame of data capture and supervisor control detects wind-powered electricity generation unit status data by wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum determination unit or wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit is not in the threshold range of normal run time behaviour, first be connected the operation that current wind-powered electricity generation unit is obtained in communication with wind-powered electricity generation unit master control system, Alert data, the one-to-one relationship of the status data while then normally moving according to the wind-powered electricity generation unit of setting up in step (1) and during fault, in conjunction with the abnormal data feature before fault, by analyzing abnormal signal, finding out the potential fault of wind-powered electricity generation unit may, thereby just make diagnosis and provide fault warning in advance at the initial stage of running of wind generating set data exception, judge in advance the contingent fault of unit and reason thereof.
6. the perspective maintaining method of wind power generating set as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: while analyzing abnormal signal in step (2), need to inquire about the information in wind energy turbine set wind-resources distributed data unit, in the fault warning providing in advance, inform rational repair and maintenance opportunity, thereby avoid the period that wind regime is good as far as possible.
7. the perspective maintaining method of wind power generating set as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: status data when step (1) apoplexy group of motors is normally moved and during fault comprises vane propeller-changing angle, vane propeller-changing speed, spindle speed, generator speed, wind speed, generated output power, main shaft bearing temperature, high speed shaft bearing temperature, pitch variable bearings temperature, generator-temperature detection, gear-box temperature, current transformer temperature and becomes oar cylinder pressure, energy storage pressure, driftage retardation pressure.
8. the perspective maintaining method of wind power generating set as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in step (1), set up blower fan actual operating data storehouse specifically:
First, according to wind energy turbine set wind-resources data and blower fan technical specification, with GH bladed wind-powered electricity generation unit simulation software, calculate the load of each operating mode of unit; Choose representative minute and measure the actual blade loading of blower fan wind field and main shaft load, to emulation with survey load data after filtering, discrete processes, complete and obtain wind-powered electricity generation unit loading spectrum time series;
By wind turbine transmission chain collecting unit, obtain the vibration of unit Transmitted chains, noise and displacement signal, simultaneously according to blade loading and main shaft load data, and the be coupled data capture of wind-powered electricity generation unit self and the data of supervisor control;
Then, by above data process extraction and analysis, classification, specifically comprise time domain, the frequecny domain analysis of load, vibration, displacement, noise signal, then according to the common failure mode experience of wind-powered electricity generation unit, process and determine the corresponding abnormal information of certain failure mode, corresponding anomaly parameter in data and corresponding failure mode are realized to correspondence one by one, thereby look-ahead is located fast;
Finally, obtain fan design load and foundation, improve the perspective maintenance system of wind field, set up failure mode and data characterization correspondence database and visualization interface one by one.
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