CN105136435A - Wind generating set blade fault diagnosis method and device - Google Patents
Wind generating set blade fault diagnosis method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105136435A CN105136435A CN201510415280.7A CN201510415280A CN105136435A CN 105136435 A CN105136435 A CN 105136435A CN 201510415280 A CN201510415280 A CN 201510415280A CN 105136435 A CN105136435 A CN 105136435A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind generating set blade fault diagnosis method and device. The method comprises the steps of: collecting noise signals of each blade of a wind generating set; obtaining frequency spectrum characteristics of the noise signals of each blade; and judging whether there is a faulted blade according to the frequency spectrum characteristics of the noise signals of each blade. According to the technical scheme of the invention, on the premise that the normal operation of the wind generating set is not influenced, the blade states are monitored by collecting, processing and analyzing the noise signals of each blade of the wind generating set, various kinds of abnormal states or fault states of the blades can be accurately diagnosed in time, and corresponding solutions can further be made according to the diagnosed faults, so that the unnecessary losses caused by accidents and the power generation loss caused by shutdown maintenance and overhaul are lowered, the maintenance cost of the blades is reduced, and the integral reliability, the stability and the integral benefit of the wind generating set are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, particularly relate to a kind of method and apparatus of wind generator set blade fault diagnosis.
Background technology
Blade is one of critical component of wind power generating set; be subject to high wind loads in the course of the work, sand grains wash away, the impact of the factor such as atmospheric oxidn and the thunderbolt of humid air burn into; unavoidably there will be the problems such as pore, crack, wearing and tearing, corrosion; leaf destruction can be caused as carried out process not in time; light then cause shutdown; heavy then burn out unit, affect normal power supply, cause irremediable loss.
Therefore, how do not affecting under the prerequisite that wind power generating set normally runs, Real-Time Monitoring wind generator set blade state, make diagnosis to the various abnormality of blade or malfunction in time, exactly, the safe operation tool for wind power generating set is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of wind generator set blade fault diagnosis, to solve the problem or to solve the problem at least in part.
According to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of method of wind generator set blade fault diagnosis, the method comprises:
Gather the noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set;
Obtain the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade;
Judge whether to there is the blade broken down according to the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade.
Alternatively, the spectrum signature of the described noise signal according to each blade judges whether that there is the blade broken down comprises:
Difference between the spectrum signature of the noise signal of real-time analysis different leaves;
For each blade, if the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and other each blades all occurs exception, then determine that this blade breaks down;
Wherein, there is abnormal comprising in the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and other arbitrary blades: the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of the two exceeds preset range.
Alternatively, the spectrum signature of the described noise signal according to each blade judges whether that there is the blade broken down comprises:
If the frequency range of the frequency spectrum of the noise signal of a blade reaches frequency range of uttering long and high-pitched sounds, then determine that this blade breaks down.
Alternatively, before the noise signal of each blade of described collection wind power generating set, the method comprises further: the noise signal gathering wind power generating set full rotary regimes of each blade when initial launch, as the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade;
After the noise signal of each blade of described collection wind power generating set, the method comprises further: the cycle according to the current noise signal of each blade obtains current rotating speed; The Current standards noise signal of each blade corresponding with current rotating speed is obtained from the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade; Obtain the spectrum signature of the Current standards noise signal of each blade;
Then the spectrum signature of the described noise signal according to each blade judges whether that there is the blade broken down comprises: for each blade, compare the spectrum signature of current noise signal and the spectrum signature of Current standards noise signal of this blade, if exist abnormal, then determine that this blade breaks down.
Alternatively, the noise signal of each blade of described collection wind power generating set comprises:
Acoustic pickup or acoustic pickup array are arranged on the position, cabin of described wind power generating set, utilize the noise signal of described acoustic pickup or each blade of acoustic pickup array acquisition wind power generating set.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of device of wind generator set blade fault diagnosis, this device comprises:
Signal picker, for gathering the noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set;
Analysis and processing module, for obtaining the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade; Judge whether to there is the blade broken down according to the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade.
Alternatively, described analysis and processing module, for the noise signal of real-time analysis different leaves spectrum signature between difference; For each blade, whether the difference between the spectrum signature judging the current noise signal of this blade and other each blades all there is exception, is determine that this blade breaks down;
Wherein, there is abnormal comprising in the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and other arbitrary blades: the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of the two exceeds preset range.
Alternatively, described analysis and processing module, for judging whether the frequency range of the frequency spectrum of the noise signal of a blade reaches frequency range of uttering long and high-pitched sounds, and is, determines that this blade breaks down.
Alternatively, described signal picker, is further used for the noise signal gathering wind power generating set full rotary regimes of each blade when initial launch, as the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade;
Described analysis and processing module, is further used for obtaining current rotating speed according to the cycle of the current noise signal of each blade; From the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade, obtain the Current standards noise signal of each blade corresponding with current rotating speed, obtain the spectrum signature of the Current standards noise signal of each blade; For each blade, compare the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and the spectrum signature of Current standards noise signal, if exist abnormal, then determine that this blade breaks down.
Alternatively, described signal picker comprises: the acoustic pickup or the acoustic pickup array that are arranged on the position, cabin of described wind power generating set.
From the above, technical scheme provided by the invention is not affecting under the prerequisite that wind power generating set normally runs, by the collection of the noise signal to each blade of wind power generating set, process and analysis, Real-Time Monitoring blade state, can be timely, exactly diagnosis is made to the various abnormality of blade or malfunction, and then can for the fault diagnosed out formulate corresponding counter-measure, reduce due to burst accident produce unnecessary loss and maintenance shut-downs overhaul the power generation loss brought, reduce the maintenance maintenance cost of blade, improve the global reliability of wind power generating set, stability and comprehensive benefit.
Above-mentioned explanation is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to technological means of the present invention can be better understood, and can be implemented according to the content of instructions, and can become apparent, below especially exemplified by the specific embodiment of the present invention to allow above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows a kind of according to an embodiment of the invention process flow diagram of method of wind generator set blade fault diagnosis;
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of wind power generating set according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows a kind of according to an embodiment of the invention schematic diagram of device of wind generator set blade fault diagnosis.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of according to an embodiment of the invention process flow diagram of method of wind generator set blade fault diagnosis.As shown in Figure 1, the method comprises:
Step S110, gathers the noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set.
Step S120, obtains the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade.
In this step, by noise signal is converted to frequency-region signal from time-domain signal, obtain the frequency spectrum of noise signal; The spectrum signature of described noise signal comprises: the parameters such as the root-mean-square value of the mean value of amplitude of the amplitude of the frequency spectrum of noise signal, the frequency spectrum of noise signal, the amplitude of the frequency spectrum of noise signal and the spectral frequencies scope distribution of noise signal, the spectrum signature of noise signal can reflect the characteristic such as decibel, energy, frequency distribution of noise signal.
Step S130, judges whether to there is the blade broken down according to the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade.
Visible, method shown in Fig. 1 is not affecting under the prerequisite that wind power generating set normally runs, by the collection of the noise signal to each blade of wind power generating set, process and analysis, Real-Time Monitoring blade state, can be timely, exactly diagnosis is made to the various abnormality of blade or malfunction, and then can for the fault diagnosed out formulate corresponding counter-measure, reduce due to burst accident produce unnecessary loss and maintenance shut-downs overhaul the power generation loss brought, reduce the maintenance maintenance cost of blade, improve the global reliability of wind power generating set, stability and comprehensive benefit.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of wind power generating set according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 2, this wind power generating set comprises: three blades 210 (due to visual angle reason, two blades 210 being only shown in Fig. 2), cabin 220 and tower cylinders 230.In order to realize the Real-Time Monitoring of the blade state to the wind power generating set shown in Fig. 2, first suitable signal acquisition point to be chosen according to the design feature of wind power generating set and running environment, selected signal acquisition point wants the duty that fully can reflect each blade, should have signal stabilization, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) high, to features such as Fault-Sensitives, and signal acquisition point should be convenient to Installation And Test, do not affect the running status of wind power generating set as far as possible, practical in production reality.In the present embodiment, signal picker 240 is arranged on the position, top in the cabin 220 of wind power generating set, certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, signal picker 240 also can be arranged on other can receive stable, high s/n ratio, responsive noise signal position, and the present invention does not limit this; Wherein, signal picker 240 is acoustic pickup or acoustic pickup array, requires to have stronger directivity.
On the basis of the above, gather the noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set, by Fourier transform, the noise signal of each blade is converted to frequency-region signal from time-domain signal, obtain the frequency spectrum of noise signal, the spectrum signature of noise signal comprises: the parameters such as the root-mean-square value of the mean value of amplitude of the amplitude of the frequency spectrum of noise signal, the frequency spectrum of noise signal, the amplitude of the frequency spectrum of noise signal and the spectral frequencies scope distribution of noise signal, can reflect the characteristic such as the decibel of noise signal, energy, frequency distribution; Judge whether to there is the blade broken down according to the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade.The scheme of this wind generator set blade fault diagnosis specifically comprises following several diagnosis scheme:
Scheme one, gathers the noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set, obtains the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade; Difference between the spectrum signature of the noise signal of real-time analysis different leaves, for each blade, if the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and other each blades all occurs exception, then determines that this blade breaks down.
For the wind power generating set that blade does not break down, ideally the spectrum signature of the noise signal of three blades is identical, but in practical situations both, because wind power generating set is when dispatching from the factory assembling, the established angle of three blades 210 and structure are not full symmetrics, when causing three blades 210 not break down, its noise signal is incomplete same, there are differences between the spectrum signature of noise signal, this difference does not change with the impact of external environment, the systematical difference between the spectrum signature being called noise signal.For every two blades, if the difference between the spectrum signature of the noise signal of the two is not mated with systematical difference, easy reasoning obtains, and there is the blade broken down in the two.Such as, in the wind power generating set shown in Fig. 2, systematical difference between the decibel value of the noise signal of first blade and second blade is+20dB, systematical difference between the decibel value of the noise signal of first blade and the 3rd blade is+15dB, detecting in the process of running status of each blade in real time, for first blade, difference between the decibel value of the noise signal of real-time analysis first blade and second blade, and the difference between the decibel value of the noise signal of first blade and the 3rd blade, if the difference between the decibel value of the current noise signal of first blade and second blade is+27dB, this difference has exceeded systematical difference (+20dB) 35%, and the difference between the decibel value of the current noise signal of first blade and the 3rd blade is+20dB, and this difference has exceeded systematical difference (+15dB) 33%, think first blade and other two blades current noise signal decibel value between difference all there is exception, determine that first blade breaks down, send warning for the operation maintenance personnel of this fault to wind power generating set.According to the diagnosis of the fault of this programme a pair other blade, to the physics quantitative analysis that the spectrum signature of other noise signals or the spectrum signature of noise signal characterize, all with in like manner above-mentioned, do not repeat them here.
Visible, scheme one by between the different leaves to the wind power generating set of same time relatively, achieve the diagnosis of blade fault, the external environment run due to blade each in the same time is identical, background noise in the noise signal of therefore collected each blade is also identical, the program different leaves noise signal relatively in directly eliminate the impact of background noise on the noise signal of each blade dexterously, the cost of fault diagnosis is low, reliability is high, stability is high, meets demand.
Scheme two, after assembling of dispatching from the factory, during initial launch, Each part is normal, running status is good to consider each wind power generating set, therefore the noise signal of wind power generating set full rotary regimes of each blade when initial launch is gathered, the i.e. noise signal of each blade under each different rotating speeds under normal circumstances, as the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade.After the noise signal gathering each blade of wind power generating set, current rotating speed can be obtained according to the cycle of the current noise signal of each blade; From the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade, obtain the Current standards noise signal of each blade corresponding with current rotating speed, and then obtain the spectrum signature of Current standards noise signal of each blade.For each blade, compare the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and the spectrum signature of Current standards noise signal, if exist abnormal, then determine that this blade breaks down.
Such as, in the wind power generating set shown in Fig. 2, when wind speed is 5m/s, the decibel value of the standard noise signal of first blade is 5dB, and according to monitoring result, the decibel value of the current noise signal of first blade collected is 20dB, be not inconsistent with the decibel value of standard noise signal, exist abnormal, then determine that this first blade breaks down, send warning for the operation maintenance personnel of this fault to wind power generating set.According to this programme three to the diagnosis of the fault of other blades, to the physics quantitative analysis that the spectrum signature of other noise signals or the spectrum signature of noise signal characterize, all with in like manner above-mentioned, do not repeat them here.
Visible, scheme two was passed through definitely comparing between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set and the standard noise signal under same rotating speed, achieve the diagnosis of blade fault, the program is by the impact definitely more directly eliminating extraneous wind speed on the running status of same blade under same rotating speed, the reliability of fault diagnosis is high, stability is high, meets demand.
Scheme three, gathers the noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set, obtains the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade; If the frequency range of the frequency spectrum of the noise signal of a blade reaches frequency range of uttering long and high-pitched sounds, then determine that this blade breaks down.Generally, described in utter long and high-pitched sounds frequency range between 6kHz-10kHz, when the frequency range of the frequency spectrum of the noise signal of a blade reaches this frequency range of uttering long and high-pitched sounds, and when reaching certain degree, determine that this blade breaks down.
In one embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned blade mentioned breaks down and comprises: before blade, trailing edge cracking, and blade surface large area is worn and torn, the cracking that blade meets with thunderbolt and produces, the nonsystematic difference of blade angle abnormal etc.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of according to an embodiment of the invention schematic diagram of device of wind generator set blade fault diagnosis.As shown in Figure 3, the device 300 of this wind generator set blade fault diagnosis comprises:
Signal picker 310, for gathering the noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set.
Analysis and processing module 320, for obtaining the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade, judges whether to there is the blade broken down according to the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade.
This analysis and processing module 320, by noise signal is converted to frequency-region signal from time-domain signal, obtains the frequency spectrum of noise signal; The spectrum signature of described noise signal comprises: the parameters such as the root-mean-square value of the mean value of amplitude of the amplitude of the frequency spectrum of noise signal, the frequency spectrum of noise signal, the amplitude of the frequency spectrum of noise signal and the spectral frequencies scope distribution of noise signal, the spectrum signature of noise signal can reflect the characteristic such as decibel, energy, frequency distribution of noise signal.
Visible, device shown in Fig. 3 is not affecting under the prerequisite that wind power generating set normally runs, by implementing contactless collection to the noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set, process and analysis, Real-Time Monitoring blade state, can be timely, exactly diagnosis is made to the various abnormality of blade or malfunction, and then can for the fault diagnosed out formulate corresponding counter-measure, reduce due to burst accident produce unnecessary loss and maintenance shut-downs overhaul the power generation loss brought, reduce the maintenance maintenance cost of blade, improve the global reliability of wind power generating set, stability and comprehensive benefit.
In one embodiment of the invention, the analysis and processing module 320 of Fig. 3 shown device, for the noise signal of real-time analysis different leaves spectrum signature between difference; For each blade, whether the difference between the spectrum signature judging the current noise signal of this blade and other each blades all there is exception, is determine that this blade breaks down.Wherein, there is abnormal comprising in the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and other arbitrary blades: the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of the two exceeds preset range.
In one embodiment of the invention, the analysis and processing module 320 of Fig. 3 shown device, for judging whether the frequency range of the frequency spectrum of the noise signal of a blade reaches frequency range of uttering long and high-pitched sounds, and is, determines that this blade breaks down.
In one embodiment of the invention, the signal picker 310 of Fig. 3 shown device, is further used for the noise signal gathering wind power generating set full rotary regimes of each blade when initial launch, as the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade; Analysis and processing module 320, is further used for obtaining current rotating speed according to the cycle of the current noise signal of each blade; From the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade, obtain the Current standards noise signal of each blade corresponding with current rotating speed, obtain the spectrum signature of the Current standards noise signal of each blade; For each blade, compare the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and the spectrum signature of Current standards noise signal, if exist abnormal, then determine that this blade breaks down.
In one embodiment of the invention, the signal picker 310 of Fig. 3 shown device comprises: the acoustic pickup or the acoustic pickup array that are arranged on the position, cabin of described wind power generating set.
In one embodiment of the invention; above-mentioned acoustic pickup or acoustic pickup array are arranged in cochlear structures; utilize the feature of cochlear structures can realize orientation, set a distance to the collection of noise signal; neighbourhood noise can be suppressed; realize echo cancellor; and protection that is rainproof, sand-proof is carried out to acoustic pickup or acoustic pickup array, improve the collecting efficiency of acoustic pickup or acoustic pickup array, extend the serviceable life of acoustic pickup or acoustic pickup array.
Each embodiment that each embodiment of the device shown in Fig. 3 is relevant to Fig. 1-Fig. 2 is corresponding, above describes in detail, does not repeat them here.
In sum, technical scheme provided by the invention is not affecting under the prerequisite that wind power generating set normally runs, by implementing the collection of contactless noise signal to each blade of wind power generating set, process and analysis, Real-Time Monitoring blade state, can be timely, exactly diagnosis is made to the various abnormality of blade or malfunction, and then can for the fault diagnosed out formulate corresponding counter-measure, reduce due to burst accident produce unnecessary loss and maintenance shut-downs overhaul the power generation loss brought, reduce the maintenance maintenance cost of blade, improve the global reliability of wind power generating set, stability and comprehensive benefit, reduce the human negligence and potential safety hazard of patrolling and examining in work, complicated to wind regime such as mountain areas, not easily patrol and examine area particularly applicable.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., be all included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method for wind generator set blade fault diagnosis, is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Gather the noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set;
Obtain the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade;
Judge whether to there is the blade broken down according to the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the spectrum signature of the described noise signal according to each blade judges whether that there is the blade broken down comprises:
Difference between the spectrum signature of the noise signal of analysis different leaves;
For each blade, if the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and other each blades all occurs exception, then determine that this blade breaks down;
Wherein, there is abnormal comprising in the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and other arbitrary blades: the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of the two exceeds preset range.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the spectrum signature of the described noise signal according to each blade judges whether that there is the blade broken down comprises:
If the frequency range of the frequency spectrum of the noise signal of a blade reaches frequency range of uttering long and high-pitched sounds, then determine that this blade breaks down.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that,
Before the noise signal of each blade of described collection wind power generating set, the method comprises further: the noise signal gathering wind power generating set full rotary regimes of each blade when initial launch, as the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade;
After the noise signal of each blade of described collection wind power generating set, the method comprises further: the cycle according to the current noise signal of each blade obtains current rotating speed; The Current standards noise signal of each blade corresponding with current rotating speed is obtained from the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade; Obtain the spectrum signature of the Current standards noise signal of each blade;
Then the spectrum signature of the described noise signal according to each blade judges whether that there is the blade broken down comprises: for each blade, compare the spectrum signature of current noise signal and the spectrum signature of Current standards noise signal of this blade, if exist abnormal, then determine that this blade breaks down.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the noise signal of each blade of described collection wind power generating set comprises:
Acoustic pickup or acoustic pickup array are arranged on the position, cabin of described wind power generating set, utilize the noise signal of described acoustic pickup or each blade of acoustic pickup array acquisition wind power generating set.
6. a device for wind generator set blade fault diagnosis, is characterized in that, this device comprises:
Signal picker, for gathering the noise signal of each blade of wind power generating set;
Analysis and processing module, for obtaining the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade; Judge whether to there is the blade broken down according to the spectrum signature of the noise signal of each blade.
7. device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that,
Described analysis and processing module, for the noise signal of real-time analysis different leaves spectrum signature between difference; For each blade, whether the difference between the spectrum signature judging the current noise signal of this blade and other each blades all there is exception, is determine that this blade breaks down;
Wherein, there is abnormal comprising in the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and other arbitrary blades: the difference between the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of the two exceeds preset range.
8. device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that,
Described analysis and processing module, for judging whether the frequency range of the frequency spectrum of the noise signal of a blade reaches frequency range of uttering long and high-pitched sounds, and is, determines that this blade breaks down.
9. device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that,
Described signal picker, is further used for the noise signal gathering wind power generating set full rotary regimes of each blade when initial launch, as the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade;
Described analysis and processing module, is further used for obtaining current rotating speed according to the cycle of the current noise signal of each blade; From the full rotational speed criteria noise signal of each blade, obtain the Current standards noise signal of each blade corresponding with current rotating speed, obtain the spectrum signature of the Current standards noise signal of each blade; For each blade, compare the spectrum signature of the current noise signal of this blade and the spectrum signature of Current standards noise signal, if exist abnormal, then determine that this blade breaks down.
10. device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described signal picker comprises: the acoustic pickup or the acoustic pickup array that are arranged on the position, cabin of described wind power generating set.
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