CN104018822A - Oil well staged fracturing effect monitoring method - Google Patents
Oil well staged fracturing effect monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil well staged fracturing effect monitoring method. The method comprises the steps that (1), a monitoring agent is prepared, wherein monitoring materials and oil soluble materials are mixed to prepare particles of 20-60 meshes, and the content of the monitoring materials is smaller than 10 wt%; (2), the monitoring agent and a supporting agent are placed into a pump at the same time for each stage in the staged fracturing construction process; (3), after the fracturing construction is finished for flowback, crude oil flows through a crack and gradually dissolves the oil soluble materials in the monitoring agent, and the monitoring materials in the monitoring agent will be gradually dispersed in an oil phase and a water phase of the crude oil; (4), the produced crude oil is sampled, and the content of the monitoring agent in the crude oil is measured, the oil outlet situation of each stage and the rate of contribution to the yield are determined by calculation by combination with the distribution coefficient of the monitoring agent in the oil and water, and consequently each produced liquid profile and the well completion efficiency are determined. The oil well staged fracturing effect monitoring method can quantitatively and effectively analyze the yield of each stage after staged fracturing is finished, generate a production logging curve of each stage and determine the well completion efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oilfield prospecting developing field, furtherly, relate to a kind of oil well staged fracturing effect monitoring method.
Background technology
In order to obtain higher oil production capacity, the sustainable development of wellfracturing technology, wherein multistage fracturing technique is development priority in recent years.But the post-fracturing subsection efect evaluation of multistage becomes the problem that needs solve, there is at present a kind of fracturing fracture monitoring technology " Crack Monitoring method in wellfracturing seismic ground-well, 201010151905.0 " be to utilize the propagation characteristic of elastic wave field in stratum media, microseism ripple is disposed in well head Monitor Sub-Station of Less around and receives, according to the step-out time of each substation microseism ripple, can form a series of equation group, just can determine microseism source position by solving a series of agenda groups, and then determine the orientation of fractue spacing, length, the parameters such as height and stress direction.For carrying out scheme optimization, raising whole development effect and recovery ratio etc., reservoir engineer provides foundation.For the effect that ensures to detect, also need settle in down-hole a wave detector, the signal that its signal detecting detects ground as a reference value is identified.The method equipment needed thereby complexity, and need to bore detection well, have high input, and can not identify segmentation production capacity.
Retrieve in addition a kind of layering tracer monitoring method (201210142185.0) between well, it is that variety classes tracer is injected in layering in Injection Well, in producing well, samples and sampling monitoring analysis, judges the connective injection profile of oil reservoir.Whether described in this section of patent, method is that tracer is that well injects, oil well produced, can only be communicated with qualitative detection oil-water well different layers position, can not quantitative description oil well productivity situation.
Along with the exploitation of Jianghan Oil Region, usually there is the situation that measure technique is not corresponding with measure effect in constructing in extensive construction, multilayer including point multistage pressure break of horizontal well, established technology success, but DeGrain.Therefore, adopt accurate dynamic monitoring method, effectively the every one-level output of staged fracturing is analyzed, evaluate the effect of staged fracturing construction; Provide according to significant for further optimizing similar oilfield development program.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem occurring in prior art, the invention provides a kind of oil well staged fracturing effect monitoring method.Monitoring agent of the present invention adds the effect that can form the slow release tracer being directly proportional to oil production after oil-soluble material, thereby quantitative description produce oil situation, can effectively carry out quantitative analysis to every one-level output after staged fracturing, generate every one-level production logging curve, determine completion efficiency; In conjunction with early stage fracturing technology, parameter analysis, can be this block and the measure process modification of similar oil field next stage provides foundation.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of oil well staged fracturing effect monitoring method.
Comprise:
1) preparation of monitoring agent: will monitor material and oil-soluble material and mix, and make 20-60 object particle, the content of wherein monitoring material is less than 10wt%;
2), when staged fracturing is constructed, every one-level together pumps into monitoring agent and proppant;
3) pressing crack construction completes after the row of returning, and crude stream, through crack, progressively dissolves oil-soluble material in monitoring agent, and the monitoring material in monitoring agent will progressively be distributed in the middle of the oil phase and water in crude oil;
4) crude oil of output is sampled, measure the wherein content of monitoring agent; Distribution factor in conjunction with monitoring agent in profit, the fuel-displaced situation of the every one-level of calculative determination and the contribution rate to output, thus determine each production profile and completion efficiency;
Described monitoring material is solid powdery chemical tracing material; Such material has that accuracy of detection is high, biological stability and the strong feature of heat stability, preferably: natrium nitrosum, ammonium thiocyanate or micro substance tracer.Micro substance tracer be monitoring target zone in not containing or content extremely low, the rare element that sedimentary characteristic is comparatively concentrated is main body, through a series of chemical processing technologies, synthetic safety, environmental protection, efficient, energy-conservation novel tracers series, as: the metallic element complex compounds such as Rare-earth Element Holmium, ytterbium.Monitoring material can be detected by instrument in the situation that of extremely low concentration, and accuracy of detection can reach ppb level, or even ppt level, and the content in reservoir or internal flow is zero or is low to moderate and can ignores simultaneously.
Described oil-soluble material is resin, rubber or paraffin class macromolecule or the larger molecular organics that can slowly dissolve in crude oil; Preferred: abietic resin, gum dammar oil, dissolubility phenolic resins, Petropols or terpene resin.Oil-soluble material has at a certain temperature, is slowly dissolved in the feature of crude oil, dissolves duration and can reach a couple of days to hundreds of sky not etc.
The preparation of monitoring agent adopts physical mixed, preferably prepares by the following method:
When under high temperature, oily molten material is half flow regime, mix with powdery monitoring material, it is 20-60 object particle that cooling rear mechanical pelleting or abrasive dust become particle size.
Oil-soluble material character for different well designs is discrepant, and those skilled in the art can select different oil-soluble materials according to temperature, former oil properties, or by synthetic control rubber or cross-linkage of resin, oil-soluble material is carried out to modification; But the molten material of same well oil is identical, and every one-level selects different monitoring materials to prepare different monitoring agents;
Every one-level is the hop count for staged fracturing, and each section is exactly every one-level, in order to monitor the fuel-displaced situation of each section, need to all add the monitoring agent containing different monitoring agent materials at each section.
The present invention can adopt following scheme:
Comprise the preparation of monitoring agent, injection, the sampling method of monitoring agent and the analysis of monitoring agent and the testing result means of interpretation of monitoring agent.
To monitor material and mix with oil-soluble material, be prepared into the monitoring agent approaching with proppant particle size particle; When staged fracturing construction, every one-level together pumps into different types of monitoring agent and proppant; Pressing crack construction completes after the row of returning, and crude stream, through crack, progressively dissolves oil-soluble lapping in monitoring agent, and the monitoring material in monitoring agent will progressively be distributed in the middle of the oil phase and water in crude oil; Crude oil to output samples, and indoor extraction oil sample is carried out to centrifugal dehydration, utilizes corresponding instrument to measure the wherein content of every kind of monitoring agent; Distribution factor in conjunction with monitoring agent in profit, the fuel-displaced situation of the every one-level of calculative determination and the contribution rate to output, thus determine each production profile and completion efficiency.
The analytical equipment needing when analysis, generally can adopt: inductively-coupled plasma spectrometer; Icp ms; Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer; Spectrophotometer; Liquid chromatographs etc. are to ensure to detect the monitoring agent of extremely low concentration in output oil/gas/water sample.If can detect multiple tracer simultaneously, mean that analytical work is efficient more economically.When oil gas is during from reservoir output, only has a small amount of tracer with oil gas extraction.Therefore conventionally in 21 days, continue to monitor the sample of the row of returning and output.Then output crude oil is analyzed, determined tracer type and content in crude oil.Then every kind of monitoring agent is corresponding with each pressure break level, determine that whether every one-level is fuel-displaced.
Except determine every grade whether fuel-displaced, the concentration of monitoring material in every kind of monitoring agent over time shape can also disclose crude oil output situation in certain hour section.Monitoring material temporal evolution can compare with flow temporal evolution, thereby the output of every one-level is provided, and with the relation of oil nozzle and pressure.If certain laminar flow speed is very fast, monitoring agent is fallen by a large amount of output oil consumptions fast, monitoring material concentration fast-descending in time, thus show as height and the steep curve of cyclical fluctuations.If certain laminar flow speed is slower, monitoring material curve is shorter, and band hangover.Monitoring material curve is stablized and is constantly meaned that this layer of output is relatively stable.
Method economically feasible of the present invention, adopts monitoring method of the present invention, can effectively carry out quantitative analysis to every one-level output after staged fracturing, generates every one-level production logging curve, determines completion efficiency; In conjunction with early stage fracturing technology, parameter analysis, can be this block and the measure process modification of similar oil field next stage provides foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.
Embodiment:
The preparation of monitoring agent: two kinds of different solid powdery micro substance tracer holmiums, ytterbium metal complexs are mixed with oil-soluble resin Material Physics, mix rear and it is carried out to granulation, particle diameter is 20～40 orders.Prepare two kinds of monitoring agents called after JC-1, JC-2 respectively.Monitoring material is two kinds of micro substance tracers, and consumption is 4kg.Oil-soluble material uses same phenolic resin material, and consumption is 40kg.
This well divides two sections of pressure breaks, first paragraph pressure break add the sand incipient stage, monitoring agent JC-1 and sand are together pumped into fractured layer position.Second segment pressure break add the sand incipient stage, monitoring agent JC-2 and sand are together pumped into fractured layer position.After pressure break completes, every 4-6 of open flow stage hour sampling monitoring, pumping production fluid is got 1-2 time sample every day in stage.After detection, obtain injecting different monitoring agents change in concentration value in time.Monitoring result is as following table.
Table 1
In table 1, list seeing agent concentration, produce oil, product water and seeing dosage of monitoring agent 31 days.From table 1, data can be found out, the open flow stage is seen agent on a small quantity, and this is that what to take due to monitoring agent particle is the mode of physical mixed, after pressure break enters stratum due to deformation effect, monitoring material is wherein exposed to surface, and lysate is in fracturing liquid rubber-breaking liquid, and returns scheduling and go out.The produce oil stage continues to see agent, sees that dosage increases with oil production, has illustrated that monitoring agent detects the proportional relation of content and oil production; In addition, owing to monitoring effective content the indifference of composition in two kinds of monitoring agents, and testing result shows that monitoring agent JC-1 content, apparently higher than JC-2, has illustrated 2 sections of oil production othernesses of this well, and contrast can calculate the contribution rate of every section of fuel-displaced situation to oil production.
Claims (3)
1. an oil well staged fracturing effect monitoring method, is characterized in that described method comprises:
1) preparation of monitoring agent: will monitor material and oil-soluble material and mix, and make 20-60 object particle, the content of wherein monitoring material is less than 10wt%;
2), when staged fracturing is constructed, every one-level together pumps into monitoring agent and proppant;
3) pressing crack construction completes after the row of returning, and crude stream, through crack, progressively dissolves oil-soluble material in monitoring agent, and the monitoring material in monitoring agent will progressively be distributed in the middle of the oil phase and water in crude oil;
4) crude oil of output is sampled, measure the wherein content of monitoring agent; Distribution factor in conjunction with monitoring agent in profit, the fuel-displaced situation of the every one-level of calculative determination and the contribution rate to output, thus determine each production profile and completion efficiency;
Described monitoring material is solid powdery chemical tracing material;
Described oil-soluble material is resin, rubber or the paraffin that can slowly dissolve in crude oil.
2. oil well staged fracturing effect monitoring method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described monitoring material is natrium nitrosum, ammonium thiocyanate or micro substance tracer;
Described oil-soluble material is abietic resin, gum dammar oil, dissolubility phenolic resins, Petropols or terpene resin.
3. oil well staged fracturing effect monitoring method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described monitoring agent is prepared by the following method:
When under high temperature, oily molten material is liquid, mix with powdery monitoring material, it is 20-60 object particle that cooling rear mechanical pelleting or abrasive dust become particle size.
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