CN104018778A - Oil-mist-free energy-saving and low-consumption pusher leg drill - Google Patents
Oil-mist-free energy-saving and low-consumption pusher leg drill Download PDFInfo
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- CN104018778A CN104018778A CN201410181797.XA CN201410181797A CN104018778A CN 104018778 A CN104018778 A CN 104018778A CN 201410181797 A CN201410181797 A CN 201410181797A CN 104018778 A CN104018778 A CN 104018778A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil-mist-free energy-saving and low-consumption pusher leg drill, which has the main technical scheme that a piston is of a three-cylinder structure; support friction pairs are arranged between a beating rod arranged at the front part of the piston and a guide sleeve inner hole, and between a gas distributing rod arranged at the back part of the piston and a valve body inner hole; a gap of the support friction pairs is smaller than a gap between a large circle of the middle part of the piston and a gas cylinder inner hole; the large circle of the middle part of the piston is suspended; a front oil chamber and a back oil chamber are respectively and additionally arranged in vacant positions of a guide body and a valve body and are not mutually communicated; and the dimension of the back end of the gas distributing rod arranged at the back part of the piston meets the requirement that when the piston forwards moves to a state that the back end surface of the large circle of the middle part of the piston is positioned at the back boundary of a gas cylinder exhaust opening, the back end surface of the tail part of the piston lags several millimeters of the back boundary of a valve body return gas inlet. The invention provides the oil-mist-free energy-saving and low-consumption pusher leg drill with the advantages that economization (gas saving) is achieved; the working efficiency is higher; oil-mist-free exhaust can also be realized; good environment-friendly and ecological effects are achieved; in addition, resources are saved; and the structure is more reasonable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering mechanical device technical field, be specifically related to a kind of without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill.
Background technology
Existing pusher leg drill, due to stable performance, easy and simple to handle, use reliably, it is with the air medium that is used as power in addition, therefore, uses at home very extensively, is called " conventional weapon " that in mine excavation and stonework, use.Estimate current national annual production nearly 200,000 (covers), though this product is little, but have a large capacity and a wide range, direct relation national economy and environmental and ecological.In the state-recognized quality products of four kinds of models evaluating in country, valveless hammer drill (YTP26) is one of them.In the past, our understanding mostly rests in the viewpoint of traditional mechanics, and for relatively shortcoming of the understanding of Modern Mechanics aspect, application, at that time, we to the Basic Evaluation of valveless hammer drill were: (1) energy-conservation, economize gas, good economy performance; (2) cutter speed is fast, efficiency is high; (3) simple in structure, easy to maintenance; But it is high that shortcoming is frequency of impact, vibration is large.In decades along with the raising of theoretic knowledge level and enriching constantly of practical experience, use again traditional mechanics and Modern Mechanics---the viewpoint that wave theory combines is gone understanding, problem analysis, situation just has new change and progress, be not difficult to find that valveless hammer drill is except These characteristics, also have many advantages and can supply the potentiality of excavating, for its shortcoming, also can solve and transform through great efforts.Research discovery, seemingly, impact stress waveform is better for the impact piston comparing class of the piston of valveless hammer drill and hydraulic gate, and maximum stress value is little, and drilling tool is stressed good, and loss is less; Piston has several functions unification, designs simplification, easy to use and maintenance; If piston structure size, distribution are further improved, will provide more wide space for product improvement, innovation.For its subject matter---vibration, kick is larger, by corrective measure, also can be resolved; In contrasting simultaneously by the production practices of many decades, and with domestic and international similar hammer drill, also find the shortcoming that valveless hammer drill is hiding: impact back pressure is high, in-fighting is large, directly affects the performance of product fine performance.If break through this weak link, be the greatest potentiality of new generation product.
As can be seen here, valveless hammer drill of new generation have realize energy-conservation (province's gas), fuel-economizing, joint resource, without the larger potentiality of the aspects such as mist of oil, environmental protection, low-carbon (LC), low consumption, in like product, there is the advantage extremely highlighting.
The conventional lubrication mode of existing domestic and international airleg rock drill is to adopt plug-in oil syringe (being commonly called as oil can) separately, air-fuel mixture, be distributed to the each surface of machine intimate by high pressure draught, and the gas of major part with mineral oil is taken as again waste gas and is immediately discharged in atmosphere, not only oil consumption is very large, more contaminated environment is destroyed ecological, but also affect the damaged etc. of rock drilling operation quality, operating personnel's safety and appliances for labor protection, therefore, vast mine worker urgently looks forward to being resolved for a long time.Abroad, metal mine requires stricter to mist of oil in air, and has standard regulation, does not allow to exceed 5 milligrams/cubic metre.As far back as in May, 1972 Liaoning, magnificent copper copper mine employee's representative had just once proposed this problem to national hammer drill quality research group.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to improve, innovate on the basis of original valveless hammer drill, for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide one both to save (province's gas), task performance is higher, realize again exhaust without mist of oil, to environmental and ecological good, and economize on resources, structure is also more reasonably without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill.
The present invention realizes the concrete technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose takes: this is without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill, comprise main frame, air leg, drilling tool, main frame comprises valve body and handle body, cylinder and piston, guide way and guide pin bushing, ratchet wheel screw nut, turning set and spline housing, drill sleeve, head; It is characterized in that: described piston is three cylindrical structure, piston nose is the anterior bar that hits, and middle part is middle part great circle, and rear end is rear portion distribution bar; After cylinder front end and guide way, seam connects firmly, in guide way, be pressed into guide pin bushing, the anterior bar adaptation of hitting of guide pin bushing endoporus and piston, piston middle part great circle and cylinder bore adaptation, piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore adaptation, before valve body, seam and cylinder rear portion endoporus connect firmly; Described ratchet wheel screw nut is by two pairs of spiral internal tooths and the anterior helicla flute adaptation of hitting on bar of piston, ratchet wheel screw nut rear end near guide way before seam end face, described turning set major part rear end face is near ratchet wheel screw nut front end face, the external screw thread of turning set major part inner bolt hole and spline housing is fastening, spline housing is by two pairs of straight-tooth and the anterior spline adaptation of hitting on bar of piston, and turning set front endoporus and drill sleeve cylindrical are fastening; Before described back-end of machine head endoporus and guide way, seam connects firmly, and described ratchet wheel screw nut and turning set are installed in head; Described piston comes and goes or screw before and after doing under the effect of calming the anger; Cylinder middle front part below is provided with the axle sleeve that connects being actively coupled with air leg; He Hou grease chamber of grease chamber before the empty place of guide way and valve body is set up respectively, Hu Bu UNICOM of He Hou grease chamber of front grease chamber;
Described piston is anterior to be hit between bar and guide pin bushing endoporus, in the middle part of piston between great circle and cylinder bore, be matched in clearance between piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore, the anterior strike between bar and guide pin bushing endoporus and between piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore of piston is supporting friction pair, gap between its gap specific activity plug middle part great circle and cylinder bore is little, and piston middle part great circle is unsettled;
The rear portion distribution rod rear end size of described piston meets: in the time that piston advances forward is positioned at the rear border of cylinder exhaust port to its middle part great circle rear end face, piston tail rear end face lags behind number of boundary millimeter after valve body backhaul air inlet port.
Better for implementation structure optimization, performance, further measure is:
Described piston middle part axis of great circle is ￠ 90mm, and groove is ￠ 82mm, and the degree of depth is 19mm; Distribution shank diameter in piston rear portion is ￠ 30f6mm; Piston tail end is 110-116mm from great circle rear end, piston middle part length; The anterior strike of piston shank diameter is ￠ 40f6mm, and the anterior strike of piston pole length is 183-187mm.
The anterior spiral fluted groove tail size of hitting on bar of described piston meets: the front end distance of spiral fluted groove tail rear end and piston middle part great circle is A=53.5-57.5mm, and the slotting cutter ending of diameter 14mm for helicla flute, and engage with the effective helicla flute of leading portion, meeting exhaust size Lnp in outer exhaust size Lwp-is 0-2mm.
Average Onesided gap between described piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore is 0.019mm, and the anterior Average Onesided gap of hitting between bar and guide pin bushing endoporus of piston is 0.023mm, and the Average Onesided gap between piston middle part great circle and cylinder bore is 0.032mm.
Described front grease chamber is located on guide way, sees from back to front, is provided with fuel filler neck on the upper left side of guide way, and the positive front lower place of guide way is provided with oil-through hole, the oil-out UNICOM of this oil-through hole and the positive front lower place of guide pin bushing; Rear grease chamber is located on valve body, and valve body top is provided with oil filler, and bottom, rear grease chamber is provided with oil-out, and this oil-out is connected to the gap between piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore.
The oil-out of He Hou grease chamber of above-mentioned front grease chamber is extra small hole, and its diameter is 0.15-0.25mm.
For regulation and control oil mass, take another kind of scheme: in bottom, described rear grease chamber, install a control oil additional and chew and regulate and control fuel tap sheet, the oil-out diameter of bottom, rear grease chamber is 0.2-0.3mm, and the oil-out diameter of regulation and control fuel tap sheet is 0.15-0.25mm; On the cross section of the oil-out of the positive front lower place of described guide pin bushing, to see from back to front, the position that is rotated counterclockwise 90 degree processes another oil-out, and the diameter of this oil-out is 0.20-0.30mm, and the diameter of the oil-out of the positive front lower place of guide pin bushing is 0.15-0.25mm.
In the described ratchet wheel screw nut being sleeved on piston helicla flute, rifle nut and ratchet are processed as two-in-one overall structure.Or, in the described ratchet wheel screw nut being sleeved on piston helicla flute, rifle nut and ratchet are independent member, between the two by part thread connection, being between the right major part part of rifle nut and ratchet to be thread connection, is 90 degree cone links between microcephaly's part end, the left side and ratchet.
Between the aluminium cylinder of air leg and steel connected body, connect by an external screw thread steel bushing, pass through external screw thread steel bushing of thread connection at aluminium cylinder near one end of steel connected body, gluing simultaneously tightens up, thread connection is passed through with steel connected body again in external screw thread steel bushing outside, forms a compound duralumin pipe part with steel joint.
Below operating principle of the present invention and performance are described further.
For domestic and international existing traditional valveless hammer drill, fasten to some extent not enough treating pass interrelated in distribution, restriction, the problem (negative effect) of impacting high, the in-fighting of back pressure large (weakening impact energy) of bringing, the present invention is meeting under the condition of backhaul inflation, what suitably postponement stroke was braked opens initial point (the also destination node of the i.e. inflation of backhaul in advance), has revised accordingly, innovated the Mathematical Modeling of valveless hammer drill.Specifically original piston the calmed the anger stress in the 9th stage (fourth stage of stroke) of effect motion (starting as the first stage from backhaul inflation) and the mathematical description of motion, change into " cup compression (residual air)-rear chamber exhaust " by original " cup enters (high pressure) gas-rear chamber and expands ", because the corresponding handle of relation of the interrelated restriction in distribution is also done to change to the mathematical description of second stage stress and motion: change into " cup expansion-rear chamber is emptying " by former " cup inflation-rear constant pressure contracting ".Their change is that the gas distribution structure by changing piston is implemented, it is more reasonable to process like this, has both met the adequacy of backhaul inflation, can reach and reduce to impact back pressure again, reduce the object of in-fighting, add and adjust rational striking point, can also reduce exhaust pressure (or crying anti-row pressure), thereby improve impact energy, air consumption reduces, rock drilling economy is better, makes it to reach energy-conservation better, the effect that efficiency is higher.
Based on above-mentioned design, piston middle part great circle of the present invention and the adaptive place of cylinder bore are oil-free lubrication district, and piston middle part axis of great circle is ￠ 90mm, and groove is ￠ 82mm, degree of depth 19mm; Distribution shank diameter in piston rear portion is ￠ 30f6mm; Piston tail end is 110-116mm from great circle rear end, piston middle part length; The anterior strike of piston shank diameter is ￠ 40f6mm, the anterior pole length 183-187mm that hits of piston, on the anterior strike of piston bar, two is 53.5-57.5mm to (four) helicla flute groove tail and piston middle part great circle front end distance, guarantee meets in backward stroke of the piston distribution, exhaust size LNP+ (0-2) mm in outer exhaust size LWP=; Piston mass is 2.3-2.6kg.
The piston of valveless hammer drill of the present invention is different from existing most of hammer drill, it hits bar (￠ 40) by front portion, three cylinders of rear portion distribution bar (￠ 30) and middle part great circle (￠ 90) form (general hammer drill T shape piston is made up of two cylinders), its supporting friction pair shifts at two ends, in addition, to the control in piston three cylindrical size, make piston middle part great circle be unsettled to make it large with the fit clearance of cylinder bore, piston does not directly contact with cylinder bore surface at the volley, therefore there is not mutual friction and wear, for lubrication oil not inlet casing condition is provided, also separately lay the foundation for oil gas, oil is inlet casing not, just realized cylinder exhaust without mist of oil, and lubrication oil is saved greatly, can confirm that from theory calculating and actual use its fuel consumption only needs the 1/3-1/4 of original traditional hammer drill.
The present invention adopts and sets up accumulator at the empty place of valve body and guide way, has replaced traditional external hanging type oil syringe.Also there is difference forward and backward grease chamber with the structure of valveless hammer drill YT26W in early stage: Shi Bu UNICOM each other of former and later two grease chambeies of the present invention is also different to the adjusted and controlled principle of fuel delivery simultaneously.The present invention structurally more simplifies, and refueling operation is more convenient, uses more reliable.Forward and backward grease chamber design volume about 100ml altogether, normal condition can supply bottom class's operation, in class, generally needn't refuel when operation again, even just in case need to supplement oiling, also easier than original, saves time and saves trouble.
The present invention adopts super orifice restriction, realizes the regulation and control of its fuel delivery, processes the extra small hole oil-out of ￠ 0.15mm-￠ 0.25mm in bottom, rear grease chamber; On guide pin bushing from processing 2 extra small hole oil-outs on microcephaly holds the cross section of 14.5mm: first below the vertical axis of guide pin bushing macropore, punching ￠ 0.15-￠ 0.25mm, the about 2mm of hole depth (corresponding with oil-through hole ￠ 3 on guide way); Second extra small hole ￠ 0.20-0.3mm (sees) on the position of half-twist in the counterclockwise direction from back to front.Oil pump capacity regulates: when product export, oil mass is generally all adjusted good, just in case while really needing to increase, can be by the dismounting guide pin bushing of resetting, and replacing position (guide pin bushing is turned over to 90 ° clockwise), rules and is press-fit into place by part end.In rear grease chamber, only undertake the lubricated of piston tail distribution bar (friction pair).Need oil mass very little, generally do not need to regulate; Just in case need to regulate time, can adopt by replacing and there is the scheme that the control oil of different extra small holes amount of restriction is chewed, realize fuel-flow control.
Between air leg aluminium cylinder of the present invention and steel connected body, front phase valveless hammer drill is compared also difference, connect by installing an external screw thread steel bushing additional, load onto an external screw thread steel bushing near one end of steel connected body by thread connection at aluminium cylinder, gluing is simultaneously fastening, the outside car of external screw thread steel bushing has screw thread to connect with steel connected body, makes aluminium cylinder form a compound duralumin pipe part with steel joint, improves its resistance to wear-resistant ability of shaking.
As can be seen here, the present invention, compared with existing traditional valveless airleg rock drill, has obtained obvious progress, specific as follows:
(1) improved the Mathematical Modeling of valveless distribution hammer drill perfect, the argument of " meeting under the condition of backhaul air inlet; postpone piston stroke braking starting point (the also i.e. inflation of backhaul in advance terminating point) " is proposed, and perfect Mathematical Modeling newly, part stress and motion in piston movement process are changed, impact back pressure and rear chamber exhaust pressure are reduced, reduce in-fighting, improve impact energy, the performance of hammer drill is improved, and the effect of energy-conservation (province's gas) synergy is more remarkable.
(2) supporting of transfer piston, guiding friction pair position, i.e. two supports guiding, middle unsettled, realize oil gas separately, not oil-feed of cylinder, exhaust is without mist of oil, environmental and ecological good, and fuel consumption saves greatly, is only the 1/3-1/4 of former hammer drill fuel consumption.
(3) cancel oil syringe, utilize valve body, accumulator is set up in guide way part room, replace plug-in oil can, both saved space and alleviated quality, more economize on resources, change centralized lubrication into branch (part) by different level (main, less important, do not need) lubricated.
(4) difference in fuel feeding operating principle: existing traditional oil syringe, to pass through pressure piping, be connected in the middle of source of the gas and hammer drill, as be not related to the source of holding one's breath, often under hyperbar effect, the fluid after adjusting by high pressure gas flow (fluctuation) be delivered to each lubricated surface, in class, refuel, not only to close hammer drill, also will block source of the gas, not only shut down, but also closed gas (custom is named " two stopping "); Forward and backward grease chamber of the present invention, after being arranged on the control valve that hammer drill opens and closes gas, and be to be in parallel with hammer drill air chamber, through the oil pump capacity of regulation and control, be air pressure pulsation circulation with air chamber (time high, time low or zero) be delivered to lubricated surface, act on more remarkable.While oiling in class, shut down (custom is named " singly stopping ") as long as close control valve hammer drill, can refuel, easier.
(5) take super orifice restriction regulation and control oil pump capacity, simple in structure, reliable.
(6) the vibration damping problem of relatively giving prominence to for facility, takes four aggregate measures to solve: (1) suitably reduces cylinder (piston) diameter (being now ￠ 90mm), reduces kick; (2) increase stroke, suitably reduce frequency of impact (being now 36.7-40Hz); (3) host service function handgrip, adopts vibration damping fiber manufacture (substituting in conjunction with domestic actual temporary micropore oil resistant rubber); (4) adjust the position of the fulcrum connecting with air leg on cylinder.To (3) point, if likely adopt vibration damping fiber, the machine level of damping may approach the international advanced or more advanced level that reaches.
(7) adopt the structure of multi-functional unification.As piston distribution bar had both played distribution, play again supporting guide effect; Piston hits bar, has both played impact, is again rifle bar; Guide pin bushing is supporting, guide way and flow of lubrication distributor; Ratchet wheel screw nut is former is separately 2, and not only financial cost is high, and use and maintenance is also cumbersome, and one of existing scheme is that two combine into one, has solved multiple problems.The piston of three cylindrical structure, from wave mechanical viewpoint analysis, shape is better, has good impact stress waveform, and maximum impact stress is little, the stressed improvement of drilling tool, loss is less.
(8) low for existing traditional air leg aluminium cylinder screw thread connection strength, the easily weak link of bad silk, adopts aluminum pipe to add steel joint, forms compound duralumin pipe part, improves screw thread connection strength, and wear-resisting antivibration, not bad button have solved the weak link of air leg.
The present invention integrates, and has the characteristic of " three joints, two are without, two low, height ", and so-called " three joints " is: energy-saving gas-saving, fuel-economizing, economize on resources; " two nothings " is: without mist of oil, without oil can; " two is low " is: low-carbon environment-friendly, low consumption; " height " is: efficient.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of pusher leg drill of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of pusher leg drill main frame of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of pusher leg drill main frame head of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is traditional valveless hammer drill main frame distribution principle schematic.
Fig. 8 is pusher leg drill main frame distribution principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is forward and backward grease chamber and cylinder, piston distribution part-structure and the size sectional view of pusher leg drill main frame of the present invention.
Figure 10 is structure when install control oil and chews grease chamber after pusher leg drill main frame of the present invention and the stroke exhaust sectional view while starting.
Figure 11 is that the afterbody distribution of former valveless hammer drill main frame and cylinder exhaust are related to sectional view.
Figure 12 is pusher leg drill main frame of the present invention grease chamber fuel feeding principle schematic.
Figure 13 is the sectional view of pusher leg drill main frame piston of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the sectional view of pusher leg drill main frame guide pin bushing of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the B-B sectional view of Figure 14.
Figure 16 is the axial view of pusher leg drill main frame ratchet wheel screw nut of the present invention when two-in-one.
Figure 17 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 16.
Figure 18 is that pusher leg drill main frame ratchet wheel screw nut of the present invention is the independent member sectional view while connecting.
Figure 19 is the sectional view of ratchet in Figure 18.
Figure 20 is the sectional view of rifle nut in Figure 18.
Figure 21 is the sectional view of the air leg of band external screw thread steel bushing of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the sectional view of the compound duralumin pipe part that in Figure 21, the air leg aluminium cylinder with external screw thread steel bushing forms.
Figure 23 is the sectional view of Figure 22 China and foreign countries steel screw bushing.
Figure 24 is the sectional view of air leg aluminium cylinder pipe in Figure 22.
Figure 25 is concrete computering simulation flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, the pusher leg drill of the embodiment of the present invention comprises main frame 1, air leg 2, drilling tool 3,4th, rock mass.Referring to Fig. 2, main frame 1 comprises valve body 11 and handle body 31, cylinder 13 and piston 12, guide way 15 and guide pin bushing 16, ratchet wheel screw nut 22, turning set 24 and spline housing 23, drill sleeve 25, head 21.Referring to Fig. 2 and Figure 13, piston 12 is three cylindrical structure, and piston nose is the anterior bar 12A (in figure, right-hand member is for anterior) that hits, and middle part is middle part great circle 12A1, and rear end is rear portion distribution bar 12A2.As seen from Figure 2, cylinder 13 front ends and the rear seam of guide way 15 connect firmly, in guide way 15, be pressed into guide pin bushing 16, the anterior bar 12A adaptation of hitting of guide pin bushing 16 endoporus and piston, piston middle part great circle 12A1 and cylinder 13 endoporus adaptations, piston rear portion distribution bar 12A2 and valve body 11 endoporus adaptations, the front seam of valve body 11 and cylinder 13 rear portion endoporus connect firmly.Ratchet wheel screw nut 22 is by two couples of spiral internal tooth 22A and the anterior helicla flute adaptation of hitting on bar 12A of piston, ratchet wheel screw nut 22 rear ends are near the front seam end face of guide way 15, turning set 24 major part rear end faces (being left side) are near ratchet wheel screw nut 22 front end faces, the external screw thread of turning set 24 major part inner bolt holes and spline housing 23 is fastening, spline housing 23 is by two couples of straight-tooth 23A and the anterior spline adaptation of hitting on bar 12A of piston, and turning set 24 fronts (being right-hand member) endoporus and drill sleeve 25 cylindricals are fastening; Head 21 rear ends (being left end) endoporus and the front seam of guide way 15 connect firmly, and ratchet wheel screw nut 22 and turning set 24 are installed in head 21.Cylinder 13 middle front parts belows be provided be actively coupled with air leg 2 connect axle sleeve 72.The 11A1 of 15AHe Hou grease chamber of grease chamber before the empty place of guide way 15 and valve body 11 is set up respectively, 11A1 Hu Bu UNICOM of 15AHe Hou grease chamber of front grease chamber.In Fig. 2,11A is valve body backhaul air inlet port, and 11A2 is valve body mesopore, and 11A3 is valve cavity, 11A4 is valve body backhaul air inlet, and 11A5 is that stroke opens and closes line, and 12A3 is stroke distribution line, and 13A is cylinder exhaust port, the 14th, exhausting silencer cover, the 18th, oil is stifled, and 31A is handle body cavity, the 35th, control valve.
Referring to Fig. 9 and Figure 13, in the present embodiment, piston middle part great circle 12A1 diameter is ￠ 90mm, and groove is ￠ 82mm, and the degree of depth is 19mm; Piston rear portion distribution bar 12A2 diameter is ￠ 30f6mm; Piston tail end is 110-116mm from great circle rear end, piston middle part length; The anterior strike of piston bar 12A diameter is ￠ 40f6mm, and the anterior strike of piston bar 12A length is 183-187mm.The anterior spiral fluted groove tail size of hitting on bar 12A of piston meets: the front end distance of spiral fluted groove tail rear end and piston middle part great circle is A=53.5-57.5mm, and the slotting cutter ending of diameter 14mm for helicla flute, and engage with the effective helicla flute of leading portion, meeting exhaust size Lnp in outer exhaust size Lwp-is 0-2mm.The rear portion distribution bar 12A2 rear end size of piston meets: in the time that middle part great circle 12A1 rear end face (being left side) that piston 12 moves forward to it is positioned at the rear border (being left margin) of cylinder exhaust port 13A, the afterbody rear end face (being left side) of piston 12 lags behind the distance H=1-4mm on border (being left margin) after valve body backhaul air inlet port 11A, as shown in figure 10.
In the present embodiment, Average Onesided gap between piston rear portion distribution bar 12A2 and valve body 11 endoporus is 0.019mm, the anterior Average Onesided gap of hitting between bar 12A and guide pin bushing 16 endoporus of piston is 0.023mm, and the Average Onesided gap between piston middle part great circle 12A1 and cylinder 13 endoporus is 0.032mm.Therefore, the anterior strike between bar 12A and guide pin bushing 16 endoporus and between piston rear portion distribution bar 12A2 and valve body 11 endoporus of piston is supporting friction pair, and the gap between its gap specific activity plug middle part great circle 12A1 and cylinder 13 endoporus is little, and great circle 12A1 is unsettled at piston middle part.
Referring to Fig. 9, the front 15A of grease chamber is located on guide way 15, sees from back to front (in figure, seeing from left to right), is provided with fuel filler neck on the upper left side of guide way 15, the positive front lower place of guide way 15 is provided with oil-through hole 15A1, the oil-out 16A UNICOM of oil-through hole 15A1 and guide pin bushing 16 positive front lower places; The rear 11A1 of grease chamber is located on valve body 11, and valve body 11 tops are provided with oil filler, and the rear 11A1 of grease chamber bottom is provided with oil-out 11A6, and oil-out 11A6 is connected to the gap between piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore.Oil-out 16A, the 11A6 of the 11A1 of 15AHe Hou grease chamber of front grease chamber are extra small hole, and its diameter is 0.15-0.25mm.
Referring to Figure 10, in order to regulate and control the fuel delivery of the rear 11A1 of grease chamber, adopt another kind of scheme, in the bottom of the rear 11A1 of grease chamber, installing a control oil additional chews and regulates and controls fuel tap sheet 11A7, at this moment, the oil-out 11A6 diameter of the rear 11A1 of grease chamber bottom is 0.2-0.3mm, and the oil-out diameter of regulation and control fuel tap sheet 11A7 is 0.15-0.25mm.Referring to Fig. 9, Figure 14, Figure 15, for regulating and controlling the fuel delivery of the front 15A of grease chamber, also can adopt another kind of scheme, on the cross section of the oil-out 16A of guide pin bushing 16 positive front lower places, see from back to front (in Figure 14, seeing from left to right), the position that is rotated counterclockwise 90 degree processes another oil-out 16A1, and the diameter of oil-out 16A1 is 0.20-0.30mm, and the diameter of oil-out 16A is 0.15-0.25mm.
Be sleeved in the ratchet wheel screw nut 22 on piston helicla flute, have two kinds of form of structure, the first is that rifle nut and ratchet are processed as two-in-one overall structure, as shown in Figure 16, Figure 17; The second is, rifle nut and ratchet are independent member, by part thread connection, between the right major part part of rifle nut and ratchet, are thread connection between the two, between microcephaly's part end, the left side and ratchet, be 90 degree cone links, as shown in Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20.
Between the aluminium cylinder 73 of air leg and steel connected body 74, connect by an external screw thread steel bushing 75, pass through external screw thread steel bushing 75 of thread connection at aluminium cylinder 73 near one end of steel connected body 74, go up viscose glue 76 tightens up simultaneously, thread connection is passed through with steel connected body 74 again in external screw thread steel bushing 75 outsides, form a compound duralumin pipe part with steel joint, as shown in Figure 21, Figure 22, Figure 23, Figure 24.
By reference to the accompanying drawings, operating principle of the present invention is described in detail as follows again:
Referring to Fig. 2, the front step of piston rear portion distribution bar 12A2 is stroke distribution line 12A3, control the keying of stroke air inlet, the inflation of stroke is carried out through valve cavity 11A3, existing traditional domestic and international valveless hammer drill is opened the position of (inflation), when piston tail part is rectified after valve body backhaul air inlet port 11A on border time, piston middle part great circle 12A1 rearward end lags behind sideline number millimeter (1-4mm) after cylinder exhaust port 13A, be commonly called as: before in stroke movement, piston is opened exhaust opening " backhaul air inlet in advance ", as shown in figure 11.Due to valveless distribution, between backhaul and stroke, there is interrelated and restriction, therefore above-mentioned situation, for stroke, is in fact again " stroke advance braking ", its objective is, makes backhaul gas replenishment process long, the time of air inlet is more abundant.This just means that piston is impacting before bit shank in the time travelling forward at a high speed, be subject to high pressure gas plugging (just as bringing to a halt) suddenly, then make piston kinetic energy die-off, weaken the impact energy of piston, this is that valveless hammer drill impacts the high reason of back pressure, referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 7, in Fig. 8, L1 represents the backhaul first stage, L2 represents backhaul second stage, L3 represents the backhaul phase III, L4 represents backhaul fourth stage, L5 represents backhaul five-stage, L6 represents stroke first (being stroke the 6th) stage, L7 represents stroke second (being stroke the 7th) stage, L8 represents stroke the 3rd (being stroke the 8th) stage, L9 represents stroke the 4th (being stroke the 9th) stage, L10 represents stroke the 5th (being stroke the tenth) stage, L represents piston stroke, Lq represents front cushion length, cushion length after Lh table.The present invention is directed to this problem of former valveless hammer drill, the argument of " meeting under the condition of backhaul inflation; postpone the original position (concrete numerical value is by fluid mechanics principle calculative determination) of stroke braking (backhaul startup) " has been proposed in distribution, and revise the computering simulation model of piston movement by this, both ensured that return-air air inlet was abundant, make again to impact back pressure and reduce, exhaust pressure reduces, and impact energy improves (being greater than 15%).Finally broken through conventional model impact back pressure high, the weak link of book that in-fighting is large.
For example: force-bearing situation and the equation of motion in the 9th stage of piston (before impact), change into " cup compression (residual air)-rear chamber exhaust " (referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 8) by former " expanding in cup braking (inflation)-rear chamber ", piston movement equation is changed into formula (2) by former formula (1):
Md
2X/dt
2＝[P8H(L8H/L9H)
k-1]Au+Pw-P1·AD......(1)
Md
2X/dt
2＝P0·Au+Pw-[P8q(L8q/L9q)
k-1]AD......(2)
Wherein, M-piston mass, X-piston displacement, t-time, K-adiabatic exponent of air, the effective area of Au, AD-piston back cavity, ante-chamber, Pw-piston tail thrust, the inlet and outlet pressure of P1, P0-calm the anger, the pressure of P8H, last chamber of the 8th stage of P8q-piston movement, front cavity gas chamber, the reduced length of L9H, last chamber of the 9th stage of L9q-piston movement, front cavity gas chamber, L8H, last chamber of the 8th stage of L8q-piston movement, ante-chamber reduced length.
Concrete computering simulation program as shown in figure 25.
As operating air pressure P1=0.5Mpa, exhaust pressure P0=0.04MPa in chamber after cylinder, computer calculation result: rock drilling frequency of impact Fy=37.129Hz, impact energy E=76.841J, air consumption Q0=49.35L/S, striking point piston speed V=7.84m/s, braking distance L5=0.0106m, piston traveled distance L=0.0476m.
Can improve impact energy more than 15% by calculated with mathematical model the present invention after amendment, and air consumption reduces by 10% left and right, not only rock penetration performance improve and also economize gas, energy-saving effect is better.
Now taking energy-conservation, fuel-economizing and economize on resources as example and be summarized as follows: A, test according to industry inspection center, under the conventional air pressure of P=0.49MPa, the rock drilling economic indicator of each main type is, the ratio of YT24 type, 7655 types, YTP26 type is 1.32:1.53:1, in these three kinds of state-recognized quality products, the air consumption of YT24 type and 7655 types is than the many consumptions of YTP26 type valveless hammer drill 32%-53%.And the present invention is than original valveless machine (YTP26) consumption gas, energy-conservation better effects if, cutting rate is faster, production operation efficiency is high, calculate by economizing gas 40%, every day every the 10-15kwh that can economize on electricity, whole nation every day is average minimumly to be estimated at 50,000 and comes into operation, and can economize on electricity the whole year more than 2.3 hundred million Kwh; B, fuel-economizing: every day average every fuel-economizing 0.8kg, whole nation every day on average can fuel-economizing 40,000 kg, lubrication oil can be saved more than 1.46 ten thousand tons every year in the whole nation.
The present invention is except technological performance described above (energy-conservation, efficient, economy is more excellent), the subject matter larger to the vibration of original valveless hammer drill, break through, take to reduce cylinder diameter (piston big column diameter), reduce kick, increase piston stroke, suitably reduce frequency of impact, operate not numb hand; Adjust the position (pin joint is arranged on cylinder) that main frame connects with air leg; Host service function handgrip is manufactured (current temporary micropore oil resistant rubber substitutes) with vibration damping fiber, because the aggregate measures of having taked four aspects have obtained more significant effect, through Changsha mining and metallurgy institute and Ministry of Astronautics Industry, 702 Test Host handgrip vibration accelerations reach domestic better level (YTP26:19.98g, YT25DY:17.7g, YT28:18.6g), use and have identical views with user, vibration and kick obviously reduce, and have reduced workman's labour intensity.
In order to break through traditional lubricating system, realize oil gas separately, not oil-feed of cylinder, exhaust is without mist of oil, first to create certain condition for this reason, make piston middle part great circle 12A1 and the adaptive place of cylinder 13 endoporus be made as oil-free lubrication district, shift for realizing supporting pair of friction components, allow between piston middle part great circle and cylinder-bore unsettled, must improve the quality of fit at piston two, distribution shank diameter in piston rear portion is ￠ 30f6mm, and average fit clearance (monolateral) is 0.021mm (corresponding cooperation valve opening is ￠ 30H7mm); The anterior strike of piston shank diameter is ￠ 40f6mm, (corresponding cooperation dowel hole is ￠ 40mm), and average fit clearance is 0.023mm; And piston middle part axis of great circle is ￠ 90mm (cylinder-bore of corresponding cooperation is ￠ 90H7mm), average fit clearance is monolateral is 0.032mm, in the time producing assembling, note working control middle part great circle fit clearance, than the anterior monolateral large 0.010-0.015mm in bar gap that hits of piston, just can reach this object, piston middle part great circle is not contacted with cylinder surface, in piston movement, there is not friction and wear, created condition for lubrication oil does not enter cylinder, oil neither enters cylinder, and the gas that cylinder is discharged has not contained mist of oil naturally.
Oil does not enter cylinder, and fuel consumption just greatly reduces, and practical oil consumption only needs original 1/3-1/4, than originally saving 2/3-3/4, lay the foundation for cancelling oil syringe so again, how just can make lubrication oil not enter cylinder? must break through the mode of traditional air-fuel mixture, become oil gas separately.After oil gas separates, also must and need lubricated degree in conjunction with the situation of facility part actual motion, they are distinguished to lubricated level, are simplified structure, are divided into lubricated part: " mainly ", " less important (slightly) ", " without " lubricated three levels.To solve it with " Local Gravity And spot lubrication ", " without lubricated " to their countermeasure.After cylinder, valve body arranges rear grease chamber, only supplies with the lubricated of piston rear portion distribution bar and valve opening; That guide way (endoporus dress guide pin bushing) arranges front grease chamber (after volume ratio, grease chamber is twice) for the lubricating of friction surface of joining guide pin bushing, ratchet wheel screw nut, spline housing and piston adaptation, simultaneously also for hexagonal hole surface in head and turning set cylindrical, ratchet wheel screw nut cylindrical and end face and drill sleeve etc. provides lubricated before cylinder.In a word, the pair of friction components surface of every and piston adaptation, because reciprocating motion of the pistons speed is up to 7-8m/s, ought to be therefore to ensure lubricated emphasis.Simultaneously, practice also proves the part very low for those movement velocitys, as friction pairs such as control valve, pressure regulator valve, reversal valve, connecting axles, although motion is few, but complete oil-free is also not all right, just solve lubrication problem toward a little (approximately 20 milliliters) lubrication oil of disposable injection in intake elbow when attaching tracheae before the class of taking.While so not only making facility entry into service, before the lubrication oil of oil can transmission not yet arrives, can, first to each surface lubrication, can overcome again some lubricated blind spot.In fact, this " pre-lubrication " is the indispensable program (or operation) in normal lubricating, so just, normal " pre-lubrication " refueled, combine closely with second lubricated level of our the above-mentioned solution of saying (" slightly " needs), problem has all been solved, and production practices prove disposable lubricated scheme or feasible.
Now, in conjunction with Figure 12, former grease chamber is example, and refueling operation and the grease chamber operating principle for oil lubrication is described: stifled when turning on oil, grease chamber fills after oil forward, then tightens stifled oil, refuels and has accused.Oil level in front grease chamber is higher than oil-out, and oil just flows toward oil-out automatically, the hydraulic fluid port till liquid level is cleared, meanwhile, oil in grease chamber due to cylinder before air chamber calm the anger pulsation be also in flow in, what kind of relation oil is with gas actually, how are their motion principle and rule? below, in connection with when the oil level in grease chamber is during lower than oil-out, can continue the lubricated general principle of problem definition for oil lubrication: this grease chamber is connected in parallel on the front air chamber of cylinder, if establishing front air chamber is in backhaul, cylinder cup is filled with high pressure gas, wherein part high pressure gas is hit bar and guide pin bushing fit clearance through piston, a part flows into oil-out, oil-through hole on process guide way is until top, grease chamber, when moving to cup backward, backward stroke of the piston starts exhaust, pressure declines gradually until be 0, meanwhile, the air pressure of gap location is synchronizeed with cup and is declined until be 0 gradually, because flow velocity is fast, even there is negative pressure in oil-out, now the air pressure in grease chamber is higher than oil-out, will constantly exert pressure to oil, so just, ensured the continuous fuel feeding of oil-out, guide pin bushing mesopore rear portion has kept a small gangs of often to blow simultaneously, oil is sent to the each surface of friction pair in front, when piston continues motion, foot piece distribution recovers again cylinder cup to inflate, before cylinder, air chamber pressure rises to operating air pressure from 0 again, calm the anger through gap, oil-out, oil-through hole is again to ventilating in grease chamber, in grease chamber, air pressure raises again gradually, fluid is exerted pressure ...Along with the reciprocation cycle of piston movement, the filling, arrange of cylinder cup air pressure, air pressure in front grease chamber is high and low iterative cycles variation thereupon also, the oil in grease chamber by oil-out (extra small hole) quantitative discharged to front, for each friction lubricating (comprising and each friction surface of piston adaptation, with each friction surface of head adaptation and bit shank, drill sleeve surface etc.).
As can be seen here; the present invention is in lubrication oil supply operating principle; different from traditional oil syringe: (1) traditional oil syringe is to be connected on the pipeline of gases at high pressure; and centre in source of the gas and hammer drill control valve (being equivalent to the switch of calming the anger of hammer drill); therefore while wanting to refuel; must first meet two preparatory conditions: the one, close control valve (shutdown), the 2nd, block source of the gas, not so oil just can not be added.And after accumulator of the present invention is provided in a side of the control valve of hammer drill, in parallel with cylinder air chamber, as long as just close control valve and can carry out and shut down the preparation of refueling.(2), in the mode of transferring oil, traditional oil syringe oil is out that the high pressure gas (normal high pressure) mobile (fluctuation) by pipeline is transmitted; The present invention periodically fills, arranges pulsation (by high pressure to low pressure or 0) by the air pressure of cylinder air chamber to carry out repeatedly, actual from microcosmic is intermittent, but, because piston movement cycle period is short, in macroscopic view, still sensation is seemingly continuous; (3) amplitude of variation of pulsing while calming the anger oil extraction due to the present invention is larger than traditional fluctuation, therefore estimates the oil extraction effect of grease chamber more significantly, impels oil extraction effect better.
Yu Qian grease chamber of grease chamber after the present invention arranges on valve body, on guide way, has replaced plug-in oil can, and its structural principle and last round of be also differentiated without mist of oil hammer drill (YT26W type).Last round of product has also been established two (forward and backward) grease chambeies, and has also established an oil-through hole between the two, and two grease chambeies, front and back are communicated with, and is also provided with additional waste air mechanism etc. simultaneously.Be not difficult to find, this complicated structure, operates loaded down with trivial detailsly, and refuels time-consumingly, has in a word inconvenience, and the name of the game just goes out on the oil-through hole of connection two grease chambeies that add.Draw last round of experience and lessons, former and later two grease chambeies of setting of the present invention are independent of each other, be not connected mutually, and oil filler are the screws of M18, and section ratio is larger, the self-exhausting on one side of oil-feed on one side when oiling, and it is convenient rapidly to refuel, and saves time and saves trouble.
The volume of grease chamber is by a bottom class of rock drilling operation (about 2 hours) design, and front grease chamber is ml more than 60 approximately, and rear grease chamber is ml more than 30 approximately, adds up to about 100ml.Under normal circumstances, before class, fill it up with oil once, can complete bottom class's rock drilling operation.Just in case, in class, to refuel, operate also much easier than in the past.
The regulation and control of oil mass, substantially definite through test, general oil mass does not need to adjust again.There are special circumstances in only a few, when adjusting, and as increased front grease chamber oil-out, replaceable guide pin bushing position, and pack in accordance with regulations; As grease chamber's oil-out after must increasing, only need to change control oil and chew, also can realize.
Someone worries, adopts super orifice restriction, the method for regulation and control oil mass, Gu though simple and practical, can or can not in use stop up? the inventor thinks that this possibility is less.Reason is: it is UNICOM that (1) oil-out through-flow calmed the anger with the air chamber of cylinder, and often, in the iterative cycles in pressure height alternation, this itself is exactly a process of constantly rinsing; (2) cylinder air chamber fill exhaust process, according to fluid mechanics principle, the critical point of Air Flow is 0.528, therefore calm the anger the most of the time in supersonic speed or subsonic speed current downflow filling in exhaust process, there is many time or with supersonic flows (fluctuation), this mobile good flushing action (as Ultrasonic Cleaning) that has more; (3) the present invention is more more remarkable than the flushing action of aperture in traditional oil syringe, and aperture in traditional oil syringe is in long-term (many decades) uses, and has never heard of and stops up.Therefore the probability that the present invention occurs to stop up is very little.
Resultant effect, carries out after above-mentioned technological improvement, will further release the novel valveless of China's third generation (without mist of oil) pusher leg drill.It has not only retained the basic characteristics of original valveless hammer drill, and cutter speed is fast, efficiency is high, energy-conservation, economize gas, and good economy performance is simple in structure, easy to maintenance, of many uses etc.In addition, it also has following features:
(1) performance is more excellent: cutting rate is faster, and air consumption is little, good energy-conserving effect, and economy is better.
(2) operational suitability improves: facility are without oil can, and machine is heavy also light, and vibration, kick are less, and noise is less.
(3) environmental protection, low-carbon (LC), ecological condition is good: work plane, without mist of oil, clean, has reduced environment pollution, not only favourable to health of human body, and is conducive to rock drilling job safety, ensures the quality of products and improves labour protection condition (not damaging appliances for labor protection etc.).
(4) impact stress waveform is good: impact maximum stress value little, impact part and quilt impact drilling tool stressing conditions to be improved, and the loss of drilling tool and part is less.According to inventor's discovery of the application study on hammer drill to wave mechanics, and give confirmation: valveless hammer drill three cylindrical piston of the present invention is the same with existing traditional hammer drill bicylindrical (T shape) piston, its impact stress ripple is a staircase waveform, and its second order stress ripple has maximum stress value σ R2, second order stress value (being maximum stress value σ R2) by the impact stress ripple to piston in the designing and calculating of piston is adjusted, and domestic and international similar pusher leg drill σ R2 calculation and actual measurement (Changsha mining and metallurgy is tested) the results are shown in table one:
Table one
Can be found out by table one, it is good that valveless airleg rock drill has piston impact stress wave, and maximum stress value is little, and one of (maximum stress value of the present invention be minimum), it and hydraulic gate impact piston are more approaching.Abroad, COP900 (valveless) air drill confirms, and this plunger designs is elongate rod, can transmit preferably energy to drill steel, and reduce drill steel loss, has improved the stressing conditions of drill steel.In the domestic 2 km large-scale competition ins military skills of holding in great An Shan colliery, Beijing at national pusher leg drill in 1972, valveless hammer drill drilling tool damages minimum.
(5) oil consumption is few: the comparable original saving 2/3-3/4 of fuel consumption.
(6) simple in structure: cancelled oil syringe, use and maintenance is all more convenient.
(7) adopt surface modification composite treatment technology part (existing two successes of the test in three), realize and obtain effect with steel for bronze: the two-in-one overall ratchet of steel, due to simple in structure, use and maintenance is all very convenient, existing still in continuation test; The mode connecting between another structural concept ratchet and rifle nut now adopts part thread connection, be for thread connection object is to reduce syndeton length between the right major part part of rifle nut and ratchet, be convenient to dismounting, between the little head part in the left side and ratchet with 90 ° of cone links, its object is to be conducive to locate centering, be connected into after one simultaneously, making to load distribution of force situation make moderate progress (axial force reduces).Such structure is than location, original major part round platform rank, and required bronze circle blank diameter reduces, and is conducive to reduce costs, and saves material.Under the prerequisite of ensuring the quality of products, both reduced financial cost, again for country has saved rare nonferrous metal resource.
(8) air leg adopts and adds the compound duralumin pipe of steel bushing, and intensity is good, Shockproof abrasion resistant, and not bad button, has broken through the weak link of air leg finally.
Basic functional principle of the present invention is:
Referring to Fig. 3, from air compressor machine gases at high pressure (abbreviation is calmed the anger) out through transmission pipeline to sebific duct, sebific duct and gas-tpe fitting 32 UNICOMs, gas-tpe fitting 32 is connected with coupling nut 34, coupling nut 34 is connected with intake elbow 37 again, and by tracheae nut, intake elbow 37 is connected on handle body 31 (shown in Fig. 2), on handle body 31, filling open-close on-off---the control valve 35 (Fig. 2 that control the motion of the each portion of hammer drill, shown in Fig. 3), open control valve 35 with control crank, calm the anger just from gas-tpe fitting 32 through intake elbow 37, arrive again control valve 35, flow into handle body cavity 31A (shown in Fig. 2) by handling valve opening, then a part enters valve body mesopore 11A2 (shown in Fig. 2), another part flow into valve cavity 11A3 (shown in Fig. 2), piston movement circulation starts: act on piston tail promotion piston advances forward when the first via enters calming the anger of valve body mesopore 11A2, when tail end is opened after the valve body backhaul air inlet port 11A on valve body mesopore 11A2, calm the anger and flow into the cup of cylinder 13 by backhaul air inlet 11A4, make the piston deceleration (braking) of preshoot, until return, and start next drawback movement, to valve body backhaul air inlet port, 11A is closed by piston tail, backhaul inflation finishes, piston relies on the acting of expanding of calming the anger that is filled with cylinder cup, promote piston (left side) motion backward, in the time that cylinder exhaust port 13A is passed through in great circle 12A1 front, piston middle part, calming the anger of cup overflowed from exhaust opening, piston relies on inertia to continue motion backward, in the time that the stroke distribution line 12A3 of piston rear portion distribution bar 12A2 passes through the switching line 11A5 of valve body stroke air inlet port 11A, the chamber after stroke air inlet port injects cylinder of calming the anger, the second tunnel that is full of valve cavity 11A3, piston rollback is slowed down, braking, terminate to backhaul.Simultaneously, because inflate chamber after cylinder, therefore immediately backhaul termination and starting immediately of stroke, piston starts (oppositely) (right side) motion forward, in the time that the stroke distribution line 12A3 of piston rear portion distribution bar 12A2 opens and closes line 11A5 through stroke, stroke inflation stops, and piston relies on and is full of the acting of expanding of calming the anger of chamber after cylinder and travels forward.In the time of process cylinder exhaust port 13A back, great circle 12A1 back, piston middle part, after cylinder, calming the anger of chamber overflowed from exhaust opening, and piston relies on inertia to move forward, and compresses cup gas simultaneously, until impact bit shank and resilience, the drawback movement that and then starts again next circulation.Be not difficult to find out, the process of inflating in stroke, backhaul is shorter, and the process of expansion working is long, so energy-conservation, to economize gas effect good especially.In Fig. 3,33 is wing nut, and 36 is pressure regulator valve.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, when piston is made drawback movement, ratchet in ratchet wheel screw nut 22 is withstood by catch-hook 28 (being again ratchet), can not rotate, ratchet wheel screw nut is integral, four helicla flute adaptations on four spiral internal tooth 22A and piston on it, because piston is subject to the constraint of spiral internal tooth 22A, can only be for the helical movement, if by this Kinematic Decomposition be: rectilinear motion backward+rotatablely move, that is be piston in the time of backhaul, produced local revolution (angle).Meanwhile, piston is anterior hits on bar four splines and spline housing 23 adaptations, and by the turning set 24 connecting with it, will rotatablely move and be delivered to drill sleeve, and the drill sleeve drive with it bit shank of adaptation just makes drill steel do together corresponding rotation with bore bit.When backward stroke of the piston (revolution one angle) for the helical movement, drilling tool is corresponding revolution one angle also, do under bump campaign at piston, the turning set coordinating with piston straight-tooth spline just drives drill steel to turn round to turn pricker motion, thereby on rock, digs out big gun hole.In Fig. 5,22A1 is ratchet external tooth.
Claims (10)
1. without mist of oil, energy-conservation, a low consumption pusher leg drill, comprise main frame, air leg, drilling tool, main frame comprises valve body and handle body, cylinder and piston, guide way and guide pin bushing, ratchet wheel screw nut, turning set and spline housing, drill sleeve, head; It is characterized in that: described piston is three cylindrical structure, piston nose is the anterior bar that hits, and middle part is middle part great circle, and rear end is rear portion distribution bar; After cylinder front end and guide way, seam connects firmly, and is pressed into guide pin bushing in guide way, the anterior bar adaptation of hitting of guide pin bushing endoporus and piston, and piston middle part great circle and cylinder bore adaptation, piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore adaptation, before valve body, seam and cylinder rear portion endoporus connect firmly; Described ratchet wheel screw nut is by two pairs of spiral internal tooths and the anterior helicla flute adaptation of hitting on bar of piston, ratchet wheel screw nut rear end near guide way before seam end face, described turning set major part rear end face is near ratchet wheel screw nut front end face, the external screw thread of turning set major part inner bolt hole and spline housing is fastening, spline housing is by two pairs of straight-tooth and the anterior spline adaptation of hitting on bar of piston, and turning set front endoporus and drill sleeve cylindrical are fastening; Before described back-end of machine head endoporus and guide way, seam connects firmly, and described ratchet wheel screw nut and turning set are installed in head; Described piston comes and goes or screw before and after doing under the effect of calming the anger; Cylinder middle front part below is provided with the axle sleeve that connects being actively coupled with air leg; He Hou grease chamber of grease chamber before the empty place of guide way and valve body is set up respectively, Hu Bu UNICOM of He Hou grease chamber of front grease chamber;
Described piston is anterior to be hit between bar and guide pin bushing endoporus, in the middle part of piston between great circle and cylinder bore, be matched in clearance between piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore, the anterior strike between bar and guide pin bushing endoporus and between piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore of piston is supporting friction pair, gap between its gap specific activity plug middle part great circle and cylinder bore is little, and piston middle part great circle is unsettled;
The rear portion distribution rod rear end size of described piston meets: in the time that piston advances forward is positioned at the rear border of cylinder exhaust port to its middle part great circle rear end face, piston tail rear end face lags behind number of boundary millimeter after valve body backhaul air inlet port.
2. according to claim 1 without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill, it is characterized in that: described piston middle part axis of great circle is ￠ 90mm, and groove is ￠ 82mm, and the degree of depth is 19mm; Distribution shank diameter in piston rear portion is ￠ 30f6mm; Piston tail end is 110-116mm from great circle rear end, piston middle part length; The anterior strike of piston shank diameter is ￠ 40f6mm, and the anterior strike of piston pole length is 183-187mm.
3. according to claim 2 without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill, it is characterized in that: the anterior spiral fluted groove tail size of hitting on bar of described piston meets: the front end distance of spiral fluted groove tail rear end and piston middle part great circle is A=53.5-57.5mm, and the slotting cutter ending of diameter 14mm for helicla flute, and engage with the effective helicla flute of leading portion, meeting exhaust size Lnp in outer exhaust size Lwp-is 0-2mm.
4. according to claim 3 without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill, it is characterized in that: the Average Onesided gap between described piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore is 0.019mm, the anterior Average Onesided gap of hitting between bar and guide pin bushing endoporus of piston is 0.023mm, and the Average Onesided gap between piston middle part great circle and cylinder bore is 0.032mm.
5. according to claim 1 without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill, it is characterized in that: described front grease chamber is located on guide way, see from back to front, upper left side at guide way is provided with fuel filler neck, the positive front lower place of guide way is provided with oil-through hole, the oil-out UNICOM of this oil-through hole and the positive front lower place of guide pin bushing; Rear grease chamber is located on valve body, and valve body top is provided with oil filler, and bottom, rear grease chamber is provided with oil-out, and this oil-out is connected to the gap between piston rear portion distribution bar and valve body inner bore.
6. according to claim 5 without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill, it is characterized in that: the oil-out of described He Hou grease chamber of front grease chamber is extra small hole, and its diameter is 0.15-0.25mm.
7. according to claim 5 without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill, it is characterized in that: in bottom, described rear grease chamber, install a control oil additional and chew and regulate and control fuel tap sheet, the oil-out diameter of bottom, rear grease chamber is 0.2-0.3mm, and the oil-out diameter of regulation and control fuel tap sheet is 0.15-0.25mm; On the cross section of the oil-out of the positive front lower place of described guide pin bushing, to see from back to front, the position that is rotated counterclockwise 90 degree processes another oil-out, and the diameter of this oil-out is 0.20-0.30mm, and the diameter of the oil-out of the positive front lower place of guide pin bushing is 0.15-0.25mm.
8. according to claim 1 without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill, it is characterized in that: described in be sleeved in the ratchet wheel screw nut on piston helicla flute, rifle nut and ratchet are processed as two-in-one overall structure.
9. according to claim 1 without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill, it is characterized in that: described in be sleeved in the ratchet wheel screw nut on piston helicla flute, rifle nut and ratchet are independent member, between the two by part thread connection, being between the right major part part of rifle nut and ratchet to be thread connection, is 90 degree cone links between microcephaly's part end, the left side and ratchet.
10. according to claim 1 without mist of oil, energy-conservation, low consumption pusher leg drill, it is characterized in that: between the aluminium cylinder of air leg and steel connected body, connect by an external screw thread steel bushing, pass through external screw thread steel bushing of thread connection at aluminium cylinder near one end of steel connected body, gluing simultaneously tightens up, thread connection is passed through with steel connected body again in external screw thread steel bushing outside, forms a compound duralumin pipe part with steel joint.
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| CN107062926A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-08-18 | 武汉理工大学 | One kind is based on freezing machine pusher leg drill high-pressure blast vapor treatment and method |
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| CN202810644U (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2013-03-20 | 潍坊天瑞重工凿岩机械有限公司 | Medium-wind pressure high-speed rock drill |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107062926A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-08-18 | 武汉理工大学 | One kind is based on freezing machine pusher leg drill high-pressure blast vapor treatment and method |
| CN107062926B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-05-24 | 武汉理工大学 | One kind being based on freezing machine pusher leg drill high-pressure blast vapor treatment and method |
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|---|---|
| CN104018778B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
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