CN104017391B - The method extracting edible cyanine from onion - Google Patents
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- CN104017391B CN104017391B CN201410272532.0A CN201410272532A CN104017391B CN 104017391 B CN104017391 B CN 104017391B CN 201410272532 A CN201410272532 A CN 201410272532A CN 104017391 B CN104017391 B CN 104017391B
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- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method extracting edible cyanine from onion, red skin onion is cleaned, dries, is pickled by acetum, after becoming blue-green to onion, the alcohol solution dipping adding 95% extracts filtrate, and filtrate separates after concentrating, and obtains logical cyanine powder by purifying.Compared with the cyanine typically obtaining from natural source, the cyanine obtaining is bright and lustrous, and look valency is high, and preparation method is simple, and purification degree is high；Onion has better nutritivity edibility, has no side effect, and economical and practical, the cyanine low cost of making.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of pigment, extract edible cyanine particularly to one from onion
Method.
Background technology
Chinese tradition cooking culture is evaluated in terms of color 3 cuisines.People prefer to have good
The food of good sense organ, the very poor food of tomato, red cucumber or the discoloration without growing tender of black.Cross
Between the decades gone, food industrialization produces the important component part having become as diet source.The world is each
Ground all can consume several tons of artificial or natural colouring matters every day.Synthetic dyestuff have, look valency thermally-stabilised to light high,
The advantages such as easy toning, thus it is successfully applied to the colorings such as food, medicine and cosmetics always.With people
Concern to health diet, people increasingly favor in natural colouring matter, so that natural colour have broader city
?.
Natural colouring matter typically refers to material (such as animals and plants material) or the cultural method utilizing nature to exist
The pigment that the secondary metabolites that production obtains carries out certain processing and makes.Due to its have safe and reliable,
The advantage such as have no side effect, tone is natural and multi-functional, along with food industry, medical industry, day chemical industry
The development of industry and aquaculture etc. and obtained applying widely.China just allows the edible natural pigment of use at present
Have 43 kinds.Natural colouring matter already taken up food coloring market leading position and with annual 10% speed
Degree increases.The raw material sources of processing natural colouring matter extensively (coming from animals and plants, microorganism, mineral matter etc.),
(by 2004 on the books just have about 600 kinds) of a great variety, but the natural colour preparing with these materials
Element is mainly with based on red, yellow hue, and cyanine is very rare, in document often with " valuable ", " seldom ", " seldom
See " etc. word mention.China GB2760-2007 " food additives use sanitary standard " lists
In 56 kinds of pigments, cyanine only has gardenia blue pigment and phycocyanobilin (i.e. phycocyanin pigment) two kinds.Blueness is
One of three primary colors, can be used for the allotment of multiple color tones, but owing to cyanine is very rare so that natural blue pigment
At home and abroad on market, all supply falls short of demand, therefore actively develops the research and development of natural blue pigment, will have
Have great realistic meaning and tempting market prospects.
In natural colouring matter, natural blue pigment is little, and natural source is also very limited.Organic natural blue pigment is then
It is mainly derived from plant and microbial material.The anils such as indigo plant, tea indigo plant, acanthaceous indigo, Wu Lan, woaded blue
Leaf may be used for producing bipseudoindoxyl dye.Gardenia blue pigment is with madder wort cape jasmine (Gardenia
Prepared by the Gardenoside in fruit jasminoides).The tuber of dwarf lilyturf (Ophiopogogon japonicus) fruit,
Acanthaceous plant mountain blue (Peristrophe baphica), violet cabbage (Brassica oleracea), blue-grain wheat
The plant derived material such as (purple and blue-grained wheat) seed are all used for producing corresponding cyanine.
Although studies have reported that transgene cotton and transgenosis rose can produce cyanine, but this kind of genetically modified plants material
Material is rare because of source, still cannot be used at present producing natural blue pigment.The algae such as spirulina, blue-green algae, nostoc
Can be used for producing phycocyanin pigment.It is economical that oyster boat-shaped algae (Haslea ostrearia) can produce raising oyster
The slow element of blue horse thunder being worth.Garlic (Allium sativum) can occur green change, Qi Zhongke after vinegar leaching system
To isolate cyanine.Some microorganisms such as streptomycete (Streptomyces sp.), pseudomonad
(Pseudomonas sp.), Pseudoalteromonas (Pseudoalteromonas sp.), Du Salmonella (Duganella
Sp.), Aureobasidium pullulans
The available culture matrix such as (Aureobasidium sp.), purple nonsulfur bacteria produces respectively not in growth course
Identical cyanine, separately has some engineering strains can produce indigo pigment.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is based on the few present situation of existing cyanine, and exploitation is a kind of extracts edible blueness from onion
The method of element.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of extract food from onion
By the method for cyanine, comprise the following steps:
(1) red skin onion is cleaned, dries, soak with the acetum of mass content 20%, at room temperature keep away
Light is deposited 10 days, becomes blue-green to onion；
(2) take variable color onion clean dry after, smashed to pieces by tissue mashing machine, take the onion that 100g smashs to pieces,
Add the ethanol solution of 500mL mass content 95%, at room temperature soak 48h, suction filtration, preserve filtrate,
Filter residue is extracted 2 times by same method；
(3) after filtrate merges, reduced pressure concentration to 20mL, passes through resin column with the speed of 1mL/min, with 30%
Ethanol solution wash-out 4～5 times of column volumes, flow velocity 1mL/min, then with containing mass content 0.2%HCl
Absolute ethyl alcohol wash-out, collect bluish-green pigment solution, at room temperature reduced pressure concentration, lyophilized, obtain cyan powders
Shape extract；
(4) the cyan powders shape extract obtaining is added sephadex LH-20, is 50:50 by volume ratio:
The methyl alcohol of 10: water: the mixed solution of the acetic acid of mass ratio 5% elutes, collects the solution of blue color,
Carry out concentrating, be lyophilized, it is thus achieved that cyanine powder.
Described resin column is AmberliteCG-50, length 20cm, diameter 2cm.
Onion (onion) has another name called onion, round onions.Liliaceae, 2 years raw herbaceous plant.Onion bulb stem removes and contains
Carbohydrate, protein, vitamin, mineral salt solution, possibly together with volatile sulfide, it is special to have
Fragrance, can stir-fry and eat, cook or seasoning.Measuring according to science and showing, onion not only can be multiple to cardiovascular disease
The elderly has health-care effect, it may also be used for prevention and treatment diabetes and renal edema, onion is again anticancer
Medicinal food.Red skin onion easily grows, cheap, and pigment content is high, it is easy to extract.To red skin onion look
The research of element stability appears in the newspapers.Onion contains a large amount of flavonol, can produce blueness, black-and-blue, brown etc.
The complex compound of different colours, therefore possesses the possibility extracting cyanine from onion.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1), compared with the cyanine typically obtaining from natural source, obtains
Cyanine bright and lustrous, look valency is high, and preparation method is simple, and purification degree is high；(2) onion has higher
Nutrition edibility, has no side effect, and economical and practical, the cyanine low cost of making.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Red skin onion is cleaned, dries, is completely soaked with the acetum of mass content 20%, pickles, in room
The lower lucifuge of temperature is deposited more than 10 days, until onion becomes blue-green.
Take after the onion of variable color cleans and dry, smashed to pieces to diameter less than the particle of 1mm by tissue mashing machine,
Take the onion particle that 100g smashs to pieces, add the ethanol solution of 500mL mass content 95%, at room temperature soak
Bubble 48h, suction filtration, preserve filtrate, filter residue with the extraction 2 times of the ethanol solution of mass content 95%, is taken out equally
Filter to obtain filtrate.
After the filtrate obtaining several times is merged, reduced pressure concentration to 20mL, passes through with the speed of 1mL/min
AmberliteCG-50 resin column, AmberliteCG-50 resin column length 20cm, diameter 2cm.With 30%
Ethanol solution wash-out 4～5 times of column volumes, flow velocity 1mL/min, then with containing mass content 0.2%HCl
Absolute ethyl alcohol wash-out, collect bluish-green pigment solution, at room temperature reduced pressure concentration, be lyophilized afterwards, obtain blue-green
Powder Extract.
The cyan powders shape extract obtaining is added sephadex LH-20, is 50:50 by volume ratio:
The methyl alcohol of 10: water: the mixed solution of the acetic acid of mass ratio 5% elutes, collects the solution of blue color,
Carry out concentrating, be lyophilized, it is thus achieved that cyanine powder.
Carry out the mensuration of color range and absorbance to product blue pigment:
Method of testing: ultraviolet-uisible spectrophotometer makees full wavelength scanner, and surveys under maximum absorption wavelength 586nm
The look valency of the cyanine of order site concentration.Cyanine powder prepared by precise 0.1g, is dissolved by distilled water
After move to volumetric flask and be configured to 100mL solution, with 1cm quartz colorimetric utensil, distilled water makees reference, at λ
Measuring its absorbance under max=586nm wavelength, (1) formula that substitutes into calculates:
A is to make reference in distilled water with 1cm quartz colorimetric utensil, the absorbance measuring under 586nm wavelength；
F is extension rate；M is the quality of cyanine powder.
Test result: the color range recording the blue pigment that reaction obtains is 78.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employing equivalent or etc.
The technical scheme that effect conversion is formed, all falls within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (1)
1. the method extracting edible cyanine from onion, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) red skin onion being cleaned, being dried, soak with the acetum of mass content 20%, at room temperature lucifuge is deposited 10 days, becomes blue-green to onion；
(2) take after the onion of variable color cleans and dry, smashed to pieces by tissue mashing machine, take the onion that 100g smashs to pieces, add the ethanol solution of 500mL mass content 95%, at room temperature soak 48h, suction filtration, preserve filtrate, filter residue same method extraction 2 times；
(3) after filtrate merges, reduced pressure concentration is to 20mL, pass through resin column with the speed of 1mL/min, with ethanol solution 4～5 times of column volumes of wash-out of 30%, flow velocity 1mL/min, then elute with the absolute ethyl alcohol containing mass content 0.2%HCl, collect bluish-green pigment solution, at room temperature reduced pressure concentration, lyophilized, obtain cyan powders shape extract；
(4) the cyan powders shape extract obtaining is added sephadex LH-20, methyl alcohol with volume ratio is 50:50:10: water: the mixed solution of the acetic acid of mass ratio 5% elutes, collect the solution of blue color, carry out concentrating, be lyophilized, it is thus achieved that cyanine powder;
Described resin column is AmberliteCG-50, length 20cm, diameter 2cm.
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| CN107312355B (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2020-09-04 | 暨南大学 | Preparation and application of purple-skin onion pigment |
| CN107312356A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-03 | 山西大学 | A kind of preparation and application of purple Onion pigment |
| CN108522955B (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2021-04-13 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for improving heat stability of Laba garlic pigment extract |
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