CN104016704B - Brown coal germanium tailings is air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Brown coal germanium tailings is air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104016704B CN104016704B CN201410265813.3A CN201410265813A CN104016704B CN 104016704 B CN104016704 B CN 104016704B CN 201410265813 A CN201410265813 A CN 201410265813A CN 104016704 B CN104016704 B CN 104016704B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of brown coal germanium tailings is air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material and preparation method thereof, and the feed composition of this gas concrete is brown coal germanium tailings, cement, slaked lime, water, additive, foaming agent; By by after brown coal germanium tailings, cement, slaked lime, additives dry blended, add after warm water continues to stir, add foaming agent to continue to stir, gained compound is injected mould, rest, then steam press maintenance under 1.15Mpa ~ 1.35Mpa condition, it is the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material that the process of Temperature fall obtains brown coal germanium tailings; Present invention process energy consumption is little, Mine Tailings Utilization is higher, product performance are better.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas concrete technical field, being specifically related to a kind of brown coal germanium mine tailing is air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with Building Trade in China sustainable development, material of construction is also widely applied, and is also no lack of the application of a large amount of type material simultaneously, and air-entrained concrete building block, because of its light weight, intensity is high, isolation performance good, is more and more used widely.At home and abroad in research, main flyash is that raw material prepares gas concrete, (Yin Minggan; Xi Xinguo, Zhu Hua. a kind of preparation method [P] CN103232261A of glass bead gas concrete, 2013); but flyash goes up year by year as building material price in recent years.Therefore, with various solid waste for raw material production gas concrete, become the important topic that we must study.Current, have no report with the research that brown coal germanium tailings prepares gas concrete for main raw material.
In the process carrying germanium, first by brown coal roasting, then adopt a large amount of acid-containing solution process germanium-containing smoke dusts, germanic wherein transferred in solution, after filtration washing, filter residue through in soda-lime and after be brown coal germanium tailings.Current brown coal germanium tailings is mainly taked to stack process, easily causes the problems such as occupation of land, contaminate environment, also causes very large potential safety hazard simultaneously.Therefore, how to utilize brown coal germanium tailings to cause the concern of scientific research personnel, building materials aspect is mainly prepared in current research.As: utilize brown coal germanium tailings to prepare sintering ceramsite and baking-free ceramicite, and report for work for the research that gas concrete prepared by raw material has no with brown coal germanium tailings.This research adopts brown coal germanium tailings to be matrix composition gas concrete, to realize the object of secondary resource recycling and environmental protection.Present invention process is simple, energy consumption is little, tailings utilization ratio is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome existing technological deficiency, it is simple that object is to provide a kind of technique, the brown coal germanium tailings that energy consumption is less is the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material, and this gas concrete constituent and weight percent thereof are pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50wt% ~ 66wt%, cement 10wt% ~ 15wt%, slaked lime 10wt% ~ 15wt%, water 10wt% ~ 15wt%, additive 2.0 wt% ~ 2.25wt%, foaming agent 2.0 wt% ~ 2.75wt%; The weight percent sum of each component is 100%.
Wherein said pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings first the oven dry of brown coal germanium tailings is less than 1wt% to water ratio, then is crushed to granularity <3mm, obtains pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the raw material <20wt% of 0.074mm.
Described additive be in sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium oxide one or more arbitrarily than mixture.
Described foaming agent is the one in aluminium powder, calcium carbide, sodium peroxide.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method that brown coal germanium tailings is the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material, and concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings, cement, slaked lime, additive are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed 4min ~ 5min, obtain compound;
(2) stirring 1 ~ 2min by adding 35 ~ 55 DEG C of water in step (1) gained compound, obtaining stirring material;
(3) continuing stirring 1 ~ 2min by adding foaming agent in step (2) gained stirring material, obtaining mixing slip;
(4) step (3) gained mixing slip is injected the mould of 80mm × 80mm × 80mm, the 6 ~ 8h that rests makes mixed slurry harden into base substrate;
(5) step (4) gained sclerosis base substrate is placed in steam-cured still, be 180 ~ 200 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.15Mpa ~ 1.35Mpa, steam press maintenance 5h ~ 8h under autoclaved condition, Temperature fall, being namely able to brown coal germanium tailings is the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material.
The germanium of brown coal described in the present invention tailings refers to be smelted adding chain furnace after germanic brown coal screening, coal briquette processed, the germanium-containing smoke dust employing whirlwind smoke collector produced in stove, bagroom are collected, then 8 ~ 9mol/L hydrochloric acid soln is adopted to heat leaching to germanium-containing smoke dust, Heating temperature is for being 80 ~ 90 DEG C, extraction time 4h-8h, germanium is transferred in infusion solution with the form of germanium tetrachloride, is filtered by solution, is neutralized to neutrality namely obtains brown coal germanium tailings after residue washing through soda-lime; Obtained brown coal germanium tailings granularity is comparatively thick, and particle diameter is greater than the tailings >80% of 3mm, need through the balling-up of grinding ability; Its plasticity index is 12% ~ 14%, and plasticity-is medium; The smelting of germanic brown coal adopts ordinary method to carry out, as implemented with reference to method in application number 93121175.1.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention is with brown coal germanium tailings for air-entrained concrete building block prepared by raw material, for such mine tailing provides effective utilization ways, solves the potential safety hazard that tailings impoundment causes, the problems such as environmental pollution;
2, in the present invention, brown coal germanium tailings is washed through acidleach early stage, and mineral surface is more coarse, and therefore the silica containing activity of institute is higher in these mineral, is conducive to the carrying out of further hydration reaction, therefore the gas concrete intensity of preparation is higher;
3, adopting slaked lime to instead of traditional unslaked lime, Wingdale in the present invention, can reducing because digesting the uneven strength degradation problem brought;
4, employing aluminium powder, calcium carbide, sodium peroxide etc. in the present invention, as foaming agent, effectively can improve the porosity of building block, reduce its density.
Therefore, the present invention has environmental friendliness, the advantage that energy consumption is little, has widened the raw material sources of gas concrete, and opened up the new way of brown coal germanium tailings comprehensive utilization, its product strength is high, superior in durability.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail the present invention below by embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described content, in the present embodiment, agents useful for same if no special instructions, is conventional commercial reagent.
The germanium of brown coal described in embodiment tailings is all from Yunnan ore dressing company, it is smelted by adding chain furnace after germanic brown coal screening, coal briquette processed, the germanium-containing smoke dust employing whirlwind smoke collector produced in stove, bagroom are collected, then 8 ~ 9mol/L hydrochloric acid soln is adopted to heat leaching to germanium-containing smoke dust, Heating temperature is for being 80 ~ 90 DEG C, extraction time 4h ~ 8h, germanium is transferred in infusion solution with the form of germanium tetrachloride, solution is filtered, is neutralized to neutrality through soda-lime after residue washing and namely obtains brown coal germanium tailings.
embodiment 1:this brown coal germanium tailings is that the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material is obtained by following raw material, each raw material and weight percent are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50wt %, cement 15wt%, slaked lime 15wt %, water 15wt%, sodium sulfate 2.25wt%, aluminium powder 2.75wt%.
The preparation process of this brown coal germanium tailings air-entrained concrete building block is as follows:
(1) first the oven dry of brown coal germanium tailings is less than 1wt% to water ratio, then is crushed to granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm;
(2) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50kg, cement 15kg, slaked lime 15kg, sodium sulfate 2.25kg are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed 4min, obtain compound;
(3) stirring 1min by adding 35 DEG C of water 15kg in step (2) gained compound, obtaining stirring material;
(4) continuing to stir 1min by adding aluminium powder 2.75kg in step (3) gained stirring material, obtaining mixing slip;
(5) step (4) gained mixing slip is injected the mould of 80mm × 80mm × 80mm, the 6h that rests makes mixed slurry harden into base substrate;
(6) step (5) gained sclerosis base substrate is placed in steam-cured still, be 180 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.15Mpa, steam press maintenance 5h under autoclaved condition, Temperature fall, being namely able to brown coal germanium tailings is the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material.
Air-entrained concrete building block good looking appearance prepared by the present embodiment, ultimate compression strength is 16.32Mpa, and tap density is 593.4kg/m
3, have good later strength and endurance quality.
embodiment 2:this brown coal germanium tailings is that the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material is obtained by following raw material, and each raw material and weight percent are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 66wt %, cement 10wt%, slaked lime 10wt %, water 10wt%, calcium sulfate 2.0wt%, calcium carbide 2.0wt%.
The preparation process of this brown coal germanium tailings air-entrained concrete building block is as follows:
(1) first the oven dry of brown coal germanium tailings is less than 1wt% to water ratio, then is crushed to granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm;
(2) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 66kg, cement 10kg, slaked lime 10kg, calcium sulfate 2.0kg are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed 5min, obtain compound;
(3) stirring 2min by adding 45 DEG C of water 10kg in step (2) gained compound, obtaining stirring material;
(4) continuing to stir 2min by adding calcium carbide 2kg in step (3) gained stirring material, obtaining mixing slip;
(5) step (4) gained mixing slip is injected the mould of 80mm × 80mm × 80mm, the 7h that rests makes mixed slurry harden into base substrate;
(6) step (5) gained sclerosis base substrate is placed in steam-cured still, be 190 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.25Mpa, steam press maintenance 6h under autoclaved condition, Temperature fall, being namely able to brown coal germanium tailings is the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material.
Air-entrained concrete building block good looking appearance prepared by the present embodiment, ultimate compression strength is 17.54Mpa, and tap density is 588.5kg/m
3, have good later strength and endurance quality.
embodiment 3: this brown coal germanium tailings is that the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material is obtained by following raw material, and each raw material and weight percent are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 55wt %, cement 15wt%, slaked lime 12.3wt %, water 13wt%, calcium oxide 2.2wt%, sodium peroxide 2.5wt%.
The preparation process of this brown coal germanium tailings air-entrained concrete building block is as follows:
(1) first the oven dry of brown coal germanium tailings is less than 1wt% to water ratio, then is crushed to granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm;
(2) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 55kg, cement 15kg, slaked lime 12.3kg, calcium oxide 2.2kg are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed 4.5min, obtain compound;
(3) stirring 1.5min by adding 55 DEG C of water 13kg in step (2) gained compound, obtaining stirring material;
(4) continuing to stir 1.5min by adding sodium peroxide 2.5kg in step (3) gained stirring material, obtaining mixing slip;
(5) step (4) gained mixing slip is injected the mould of 80mm × 80mm × 80mm, the 8h that rests makes mixed slurry harden into base substrate;
(6) step (5) gained sclerosis base substrate is placed in steam-cured still, be 200 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.35Mpa, steam press maintenance 8h under autoclaved condition, Temperature fall, being namely able to brown coal germanium tailings is the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material.
Air-entrained concrete building block good looking appearance prepared by the present embodiment, ultimate compression strength is 18.52Mpa, and tap density is 582.5kg/m
3, have good later strength and endurance quality.
Claims (3)
1. a brown coal germanium tailings is the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material, it is characterized in that constituent and weight percent thereof are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50wt% ~ 66wt%, cement 10wt% ~ 15wt%, slaked lime 10wt% ~ 15wt%, water 10wt% ~ 15wt%, additive 2.0wt% ~ 2.25wt%, foaming agent 2.0wt% ~ 2.75wt%;
Described additive be in sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium oxide one or more arbitrarily than mixture;
Described foaming agent is the one in aluminium powder, calcium carbide, sodium peroxide.
2. brown coal germanium tailings according to claim 1 is the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material, it is characterized in that: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings first the oven dry of brown coal germanium tailings is less than 1wt% to water ratio, be crushed to granularity <3mm again, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm.
3. the brown coal germanium tailings described in any one of claim 1-2 is the preparation method of the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material, it is characterized in that preparation process is as follows:
(1) by pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings, cement, slaked lime, additives dry blended 4min ~ 5min, compound is obtained;
(2) stirring 1 ~ 2min by adding 35 ~ 55 DEG C of water in step (1) gained compound, obtaining stirring material;
(3) continuing stirring 1 ~ 2min by adding foaming agent in step (2) gained stirring material, obtaining mixing slip;
(4) step (3) gained mixing slip is injected mould, the 6 ~ 8h that rests makes mixed slurry harden into base substrate;
(5) step (4) gained sclerosis base substrate is placed in steam-cured still, be 180 ~ 200 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.15MPa ~ 1.35MPa, steam press maintenance 5h ~ 8h under autoclaved condition, Temperature fall, being namely able to brown coal germanium tailings is the air-entrained concrete building block of main raw material.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101066886A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2007-11-07 | 张江 | Aerated concrete block and its production process |
| CN103819174A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-05-28 | 临沧师范高等专科学校 | Sintered ceramsite adopting tailings generated during germanium extraction of lignite as main raw material and preparation method of sintered ceramsite |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101066886A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2007-11-07 | 张江 | Aerated concrete block and its production process |
| CN103819174A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-05-28 | 临沧师范高等专科学校 | Sintered ceramsite adopting tailings generated during germanium extraction of lignite as main raw material and preparation method of sintered ceramsite |
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