CN104016704A - Aerated concrete block using germanium-extracting tailings of brown coal as main raw materials and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aerated concrete block using germanium-extracting tailings of brown coal as main raw materials and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104016704A CN104016704A CN201410265813.3A CN201410265813A CN104016704A CN 104016704 A CN104016704 A CN 104016704A CN 201410265813 A CN201410265813 A CN 201410265813A CN 104016704 A CN104016704 A CN 104016704A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aerated concrete block using germanium-extracting tailings of brown coal as main raw materials and a preparation method thereof. The aerated concrete block is prepared from the following raw material components: germanium-extracting tailings of brown coal, cement, slaked lime, water, an additive and a foaming agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: drying and mixing the germanium-extracting tailings of brown coal, cement, slaked lime and additive; adding warm water and continuously and uniformly stirring; adding the foaming agent and continuously stirring; injecting the obtained mixed material into a die; standing; then, performing autoclaved curing at 1.15-1.35MPa; naturally cooling to prepare the aerated concrete block by using the germanium-extracting tailings of brown coal as main raw materials. The aerated concrete block disclosed by the invention is less in energy consumption of the process, high in tailing utilization ratio and good in product performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas concrete technical field, be specifically related to air-entrained concrete building block that a kind of brown coal germanium mine tailing is main raw material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with Building Trade in China sustainable development, material of construction is also widely applied, and is also no lack of the application of a large amount of type materials simultaneously, and air-entrained concrete building block, because of its light weight, intensity is high, isolation performance good, is more and more used widely., in research, be mainly at home and abroad that raw material is prepared gas concrete, (Yin Minggan with flyash; Xi Xinguo, Zhu Hua. a kind of preparation method [P] CN103232261A of glass bead gas concrete, 2013); but flyash goes up year by year as building material price in recent years.Therefore,, taking various solid waste as raw material production gas concrete, become the important topic that we must study.Current, the research of preparing gas concrete as main raw material taking brown coal germanium tailings has no report.
In the process of carrying germanium, first by brown coal roasting, then adopt a large amount of acid-containing solution to process germanium-containing smoke dust, germanic is wherein transferred in solution, after filtration washing, filter residue through in soda-lime and after be brown coal germanium tailings.Brown coal germanium tailings is mainly taked to stack and is processed at present, easily causes the problems such as occupation of land, contaminate environment, also causes very large potential safety hazard simultaneously.Therefore, how to utilize brown coal germanium tailings to cause scientific research personnel's concern, current research is mainly to prepare building materials aspect.As: utilize brown coal germanium tailings to prepare sintering ceramsite and baking-free ceramicite, and the research of preparing gas concrete taking brown coal germanium tailings as raw material have no and report for work.It is matrix composition gas concrete that this research adopts brown coal germanium tailings, and to realize, secondary resource is recycled and the object of environmental protection.Technique of the present invention is simple, energy consumption is little, tailings utilization ratio is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome existing technological deficiency, it is simple that object is to provide a kind of technique, the air-entrained concrete building block that the brown coal germanium tailings that energy consumption is less is main raw material, this gas concrete constituent and weight percent thereof are pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50wt% ~ 66wt%, cement 10wt% ~ 15wt%, slaked lime 10wt% ~ 15wt%, water 10wt% ~ 15wt%, additive 2.0 wt% ~ 2.25wt%, foaming agent 2.0 wt% ~ 2.75wt%; The weight percent sum of each component is 100%.
Wherein said pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings is first brown coal germanium tailings to be dried to water ratio to be less than 1wt%, then is crushed to granularity <3mm, obtains pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the raw material <20wt% of 0.074mm.
Described additive be in sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium oxide one or more arbitrarily than mixture.
Described foaming agent is the one in aluminium powder, calcium carbide, sodium peroxide.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the air-entrained concrete building block that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material, and concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings, cement, slaked lime, additive are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed 4min ~ 5min, obtain compound;
(2) will in step (1) gained compound, add 35～55 DEG C of water to stir 1 ~ 2min, obtain stirring material;
(3) step (2) gained is stirred in material and add foaming agent to continue to stir 1～2min, obtain mixing slip;
(4) step (3) gained is mixed to slip and inject the mould of 80mm × 80mm × 80mm, the 6～8h that rests makes mixed slurry harden into base substrate;
(5) step (4) gained sclerosis base substrate is placed in steam-cured still, be 180～200 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.15Mpa ~ 1.35Mpa, steam press maintenance 5h ~ 8h under autoclaved condition, naturally cooling, is able to the air-entrained concrete building block that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material.
The germanium of brown coal described in the present invention tailings refers to and will after germanic brown coal screening, coal briquette processed, add chain furnace to smelt, adopt whirlwind smoke collector, bagroom to collect to the germanium-containing smoke dust producing in stove, then adopt 8～9mol/L hydrochloric acid soln to the germanium-containing smoke dust leaching of heating, Heating temperature is for being 80 ~ 90 DEG C, extraction time 4h-8h, germanium is transferred in infusion solution with the form of germanium tetrachloride, by solution filter, is neutralized to neutrality obtains brown coal germanium tailings after residue washing through soda-lime; The brown coal germanium tailings granularity making is thicker, and particle diameter is greater than the tailings >80% of 3mm, needs through the balling-up of grinding ability; Its plasticity index is 12% ~ 14%, and plasticity-is medium; The smelting of germanic brown coal adopts ordinary method to carry out, as implemented with reference to method in application number 93121175.1.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention prepares air-entrained concrete building block taking brown coal germanium tailings as raw material, for such mine tailing provides the approach that effectively utilizes, has solved the potential safety hazard that tailings impoundment causes, the problems such as environmental pollution;
2, in the present invention, brown coal germanium tailings is also washed through acidleach early stage, and mineral surface is more coarse, and therefore in these mineral, the silica containing activity of institute is higher, is conducive to the carrying out of further hydration reaction, therefore the gas concrete intensity of preparation is higher;
3, in the present invention, adopt slaked lime to replace traditional unslaked lime, Wingdale, can reduce because digesting the inhomogeneous strength degradation problem of bringing;
4, the employing aluminium powder in the present invention, calcium carbide, sodium peroxide etc., as foaming agent, can effectively improve the porosity of building block, reduce its density.
Therefore, the present invention has environmental friendliness, and the advantage that energy consumption is little has been widened the raw material sources of gas concrete, has opened up the new way of brown coal germanium tailings comprehensive utilization, and its product strength is high, superior in durability.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described content, in the present embodiment, agents useful for same if no special instructions, is conventional commercial reagent.
The germanium of brown coal described in embodiment tailings is all from Yunnan ore dressing company, it is by adding chain furnace to smelt after germanic brown coal screening, coal briquette processed, adopt whirlwind smoke collector, bagroom to collect to the germanium-containing smoke dust producing in stove, then adopt 8～9mol/L hydrochloric acid soln to the germanium-containing smoke dust leaching of heating, Heating temperature is for being 80 ~ 90 DEG C, extraction time 4h ~ 8h, germanium is transferred in infusion solution with the form of germanium tetrachloride, by solution filter, after residue washing, be neutralized to neutrality through soda-lime and obtain brown coal germanium tailings.
embodiment 1:the air-entrained concrete building block that this brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material is made by following raw material, each raw material and weight percent are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50wt %, cement 15wt%, slaked lime 15wt %, water 15wt%, sodium sulfate 2.25wt%, aluminium powder 2.75wt%.
The preparation process of this brown coal germanium tailings air-entrained concrete building block is as follows:
(1) first brown coal germanium tailings is dried to water ratio and be less than 1wt%, then be crushed to granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm;
(2) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50kg, cement 15kg, slaked lime 15kg, sodium sulfate 2.25kg are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed 4min, obtain compound;
(3) will in step (2) gained compound, add 35 DEG C of water 15kg to stir 1min, obtain stirring material;
(4) step (3) gained is stirred in material and add aluminium powder 2.75kg to continue to stir 1min, obtain mixing slip;
(5) step (4) gained is mixed to slip and inject the mould of 80mm × 80mm × 80mm, the 6h that rests makes mixed slurry harden into base substrate;
(6) step (5) gained sclerosis base substrate is placed in steam-cured still, be 180 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.15Mpa, steam press maintenance 5h under autoclaved condition, naturally cooling, is able to the air-entrained concrete building block that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material.
The air-entrained concrete building block good looking appearance that the present embodiment is prepared, ultimate compression strength is 16.32Mpa, tap density is 593.4kg/m
3, have good later strength and endurance quality.
embodiment 2:the air-entrained concrete building block that this brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material is made by following raw material, and each raw material and weight percent are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 66wt %, cement 10wt%, slaked lime 10wt %, water 10wt%, calcium sulfate 2.0wt%, calcium carbide 2.0wt%.
The preparation process of this brown coal germanium tailings air-entrained concrete building block is as follows:
(1) first brown coal germanium tailings is dried to water ratio and be less than 1wt%, then be crushed to granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm;
(2) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 66kg, cement 10kg, slaked lime 10kg, calcium sulfate 2.0kg are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed 5min, obtain compound;
(3) will in step (2) gained compound, add 45 DEG C of water 10kg to stir 2min, obtain stirring material;
(4) step (3) gained is stirred in material and add calcium carbide 2kg to continue to stir 2min, obtain mixing slip;
(5) step (4) gained is mixed to slip and inject the mould of 80mm × 80mm × 80mm, the 7h that rests makes mixed slurry harden into base substrate;
(6) step (5) gained sclerosis base substrate is placed in steam-cured still, be 190 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.25Mpa, steam press maintenance 6h under autoclaved condition, naturally cooling, is able to the air-entrained concrete building block that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material.
The air-entrained concrete building block good looking appearance that the present embodiment is prepared, ultimate compression strength is 17.54Mpa, tap density is 588.5kg/m
3, have good later strength and endurance quality.
embodiment 3: the air-entrained concrete building block that this brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material is made by following raw material, and each raw material and weight percent are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 55wt %, cement 15wt%, slaked lime 12.3wt %, water 13wt%, calcium oxide 2.2wt%, sodium peroxide 2.5wt%.
The preparation process of this brown coal germanium tailings air-entrained concrete building block is as follows:
(1) first brown coal germanium tailings is dried to water ratio and be less than 1wt%, then be crushed to granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm;
(2) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 55kg, cement 15kg, slaked lime 12.3kg, calcium oxide 2.2kg are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed 4.5min, obtain compound;
(3) will in step (2) gained compound, add 55 DEG C of water 13kg to stir 1.5min, obtain stirring material;
(4) step (3) gained is stirred in material and add sodium peroxide 2.5kg to continue to stir 1.5min, obtain mixing slip;
(5) step (4) gained is mixed to slip and inject the mould of 80mm × 80mm × 80mm, the 8h that rests makes mixed slurry harden into base substrate;
(6) step (5) gained sclerosis base substrate is placed in steam-cured still, be 200 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.35Mpa, steam press maintenance 8h under autoclaved condition, naturally cooling, is able to the air-entrained concrete building block that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material.
The air-entrained concrete building block good looking appearance that the present embodiment is prepared, ultimate compression strength is 18.52Mpa, tap density is 582.5kg/m
3, have good later strength and endurance quality.
Claims (5)
1. the air-entrained concrete building block that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material, it is characterized in that constituent and weight percent thereof are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50wt% ~ 66wt%, cement 10wt% ~ 15wt%, slaked lime 10wt% ~ 15wt%, water 10wt% ~ 15wt%, additive 2.0wt% ~ 2.25wt%, foaming agent 2.0wt% ~ 2.75wt%.
2. the air-entrained concrete building block that brown coal germanium tailings according to claim 1 is main raw material, it is characterized in that: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings is first brown coal germanium tailings to be dried to water ratio to be less than 1wt%, be crushed to again granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm.
3. the air-entrained concrete building block that brown coal germanium tailings according to claim 1 is main raw material, is characterized in that: additive be in sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium oxide one or more arbitrarily than mixture.
4. the air-entrained concrete building block that brown coal germanium tailings according to claim 1 is main raw material, is characterized in that: foaming agent is the one in aluminium powder, calcium carbide, sodium peroxide.
5. the preparation method of the air-entrained concrete building block that the brown coal germanium tailings described in claim 1-4 any one is main raw material, is characterized in that preparation process is as follows:
(1) by pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings, cement, slaked lime, additives dry blended 4min ~ 5min, obtain compound;
(2) will in step (1) gained compound, add 35～55 DEG C of water to stir 1 ~ 2min, obtain stirring material;
(3) step (2) gained is stirred in material and add foaming agent to continue to stir 1～2min, obtain mixing slip;
(4) step (3) gained is mixed to slip and inject mould, the 6～8h that rests makes mixed slurry harden into base substrate;
(5) step (4) gained sclerosis base substrate is placed in steam-cured still, be 180～200 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.15Mpa ~ 1.35Mpa, steam press maintenance 5h ~ 8h under autoclaved condition, naturally cooling, is able to the air-entrained concrete building block that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107602043A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-19 | 王若梅 | A kind of preparation method of high intensity aerated bricks |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101066886A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2007-11-07 | 张江 | Aerated concrete block and its production process |
| CN103819174A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-05-28 | 临沧师范高等专科学校 | Sintered ceramsite adopting tailings generated during germanium extraction of lignite as main raw material and preparation method of sintered ceramsite |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101066886A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2007-11-07 | 张江 | Aerated concrete block and its production process |
| CN103819174A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-05-28 | 临沧师范高等专科学校 | Sintered ceramsite adopting tailings generated during germanium extraction of lignite as main raw material and preparation method of sintered ceramsite |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107602043A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-19 | 王若梅 | A kind of preparation method of high intensity aerated bricks |
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