CN104016686B - A kind of precinct laser melt-shaping equipment for stupalith - Google Patents
A kind of precinct laser melt-shaping equipment for stupalith Download PDFInfo
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- CN104016686B CN104016686B CN201410081803.4A CN201410081803A CN104016686B CN 104016686 B CN104016686 B CN 104016686B CN 201410081803 A CN201410081803 A CN 201410081803A CN 104016686 B CN104016686 B CN 104016686B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of precinct laser melt-shaping equipment for stupalith, its inside is provided with the airtight formed machining cabin of forming workbench.Moving up and down of this equipment scraper instead of the up-and-down movement of moulding cylinder, the height adjuster of scraper controls by industrial computer, vacuum pump and argon gas feeding mechanism are respectively by pipeline and the conducting of closed cabin body, the upper surface of closed cabin body is provided with laser scanning system, dynamic focusing system in this laser scanning system and galvanometer system all control to realize real-time focusing by industrial computer, under cabin body lower surface and work top, heating system is installed, control by industrial computer equally, can heated constant temperature be realized.The problem that when preheating avoids that in forming process, thermograde is excessive, pottery easily cracks is carried out by induction heating; and atmosphere protection strictly controls oxygen level; prevent it from impacting the performance of equipment component, distinctive paving powder structure make integral device more simple, be convenient to sealing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lf former field, particularly one and can carry out to stupalith the lf building mortion that direct precinct laser melting (SelectiveLaserMelting, SLM) is shaped.
Background technology
Along with the development of economic globalization, the field fast developments such as particularly aviation aerospace, biologic medical bring great challenge to production, and the complex product features such as various audacious design and increasing curved surface, porous, hollow structure need new manufacture support.SLM adopts laser to divide melting layer pressed powder selectively, and melting layer is solidified fold the one making complicated shape to increase material manufacturing technology.Because powder in SLM forming process is through the processing characteristic of laser irradiation fast melt, flash setting, SLM drip molding mechanical property is better than foundry goods, simultaneously, because SLM supports directly to increase material finished parts from three-dimensional model, production cost and period reduces greatly, make it go out outstanding superiority in the forming display of complicated difficult workpiece, manifest good application prospect in fields such as aerospace, automobile and biologic medicals.
Existing industrial lasers melt-shaping equipment is mainly used in shaping of metal powders, is generally made up of powder feeding cylinder, formation cylinder, recovery cylinder, scraper, laser apparatus and support.And the features such as stupalith, because its fusing point is high, heat transfer coefficient is low, fragility is comparatively large, counter stress and crack-sensitivity, in lf forming process, be easy to produce distortion cause crackle.Compared with metallic substance, stupalith is shaped more difficult.At present at home, the SLM of pottery is shaped and is also in theoretical research stage, has no stupalith lf former patent report.The patent application " a kind of power spreading device of lf former " of the submit of present invention applicant, improve from control temperature gradient aspect to routine paving powder equipment for adapting to stupalith, but do not consider the impact that high temperature preheating brings to former entirety, as the oxidation deactivation etc. that high temperature may bring substrate and peripheral parts, thus cannot directly apply on general former.The equipment that external only PHENIX company produces can form metal stupalith, and have not been reported with the ceramic SLM former of high temperature preheating.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment for stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping, this device can carry out lf shaping for stupalith, it is provided with induction heating device bottom powder area to be processed, utilize its heating and function of temperature control to be controlled in optimum range by powder temperature, and the direct SLM utilizing the optical-fiber laser producer be equipped with to carry out stupalith is shaped.
The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is: a kind of equipment for stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping, comprises test-bed 1, linear rolling track assembled unit 2, scraper 3, electronic micromatic setting 4, feeding device 5, support 6, laser generator 7, dynamic focusing system 8, galvanometer system 9, pressure transmitter 10, formed machining cabin 11, air extractor 24, inflation mechanism 25, induction heater 17, industrial computer 19 and work top 23; Described work top 23 is arranged on test-bed 1 upper surface, the linear rolling track assembled unit 2 of 2 Parallel Symmetrics distributions is had to the arranged outside on both sides at work top 23X, each track combination unit respectively there is a slide block, the ball screw of this slide block and linear rolling track assembled unit 2 inside is connected, be connected mutually with a slide block respectively bottom support 6 two ends, and perpendicular with the travel direction of slide block; The side of described support 6 is fixed with feeding device 5, and installs electronic micromatic setting 4 at opposite side, and the bottom of described electronic micromatic setting 4 is installed with scraper 3; Described formed machining cabin 11 is with test-bed 1 upper surface for bottom surface, and surrounding and end face surround with sheet material; Induction heater 17 is installed immediately below in the middle part of work top 23, described laser generator 7, dynamic focusing system 8 and galvanometer system 9 are fixedly mounted on formed machining cabin 11 end face, galvanometer system 9 output terminal is positioned at directly over work top 23, its input terminus is connected with dynamic focusing system 8 output terminal by optical fiber road, and the input terminus of dynamic focusing system 8 is then communicated with laser generator 7; Described pressure transmitter 10 is arranged on formed machining cabin 11 internal surface; Described air extractor 24, inflation mechanism 25 communicate with forming process cabin 11 respectively by pipeline; Industrial computer 19 is connected with inflation mechanism 25 with linear rolling track assembled unit 2, electronic micromatic setting 4, feeding device 5, laser generator 7, dynamic focusing system 8, galvanometer system 9, induction heater 17, air extractor 24 respectively.
Also comprise thermal baffle 20, pressing plate 21 and rebound 22, described thermal baffle 20 is embedded in the middle part of work top 23 and shaping work area and the upper surface of its upper surface and work top 23 is in sustained height, and pressing plate 21 and rebound 22 are embedded in the middle part of thermal baffle 20 and its upper surface is all in sustained height with the upper surface of thermal baffle 20.
Described test-bed 1 upper surface has small opening, corresponding installation powder withdrawer 16 under small opening.
Feeding device 5 comprises guide groove B-1, shifting board B-2, tractive magnet B-3 and two spring B-4, described guide groove B-1 is inverted trapezoidal groove, guide groove B-1 base plate is provided with perforate, and be inserted with shifting board B-2 near base plate place level, this shifting board B-2 crosses guide groove B-1, shifting board B-2 also has through hole, tractive magnet B-3 is arranged on the support 6 of guide groove B-1 side, its traction end wireline is connected with shifting board B-2 by guide deflection sheave, can draw shifting board B-2 and does Y-direction motion thus control powder feeding; Each spring B-4X is arranged between activity board B-2, support 6 to level, and both ends of the spring is connected with activity board B-2, support 6 respectively.
4 roller lower margins 18 are installed in the bottom of test-bed 1.
Air extractor 24 is formed by connecting by pipeline by evacuating valve 12 and vacuum pump 13, after evacuating valve 12 is opened, controls to vacuumize to reduce oxygen content in vacuum pump 13 pairs of cabin bodies; Inflation mechanism 25 is formed by connecting by pipeline by charging valve 14 and argon gas feeding mechanism 15, and after charging valve 14 is opened, argon gas feeding mechanism 15 carries out argon gas and crosses filling to ensure air pressure inside.
Electronic micromatic setting 4 is made up of to scraper angle setting device C-2 Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height C-1 and X; Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height C-1 have employed Sigma's ray machine precise jiggle platform, and its coarse adjustment side is connected on the frame 6, and the upper side of this mounting face is concordant with support 6 upper surface; Accurate adjustment side is provided with X to scraper angle setting device C-2; X connects scraper 3, X and drives promotion scraper 3 to rotate to adjust its angle to scraper angle setting device C-2 to angular adjustment apparatus C-2 bottom, after being adjusted to standard level position, this X can self-locking to angular adjustment apparatus C-2.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is in the present invention: 1) make forming board have higher preheating temperature by induction heating, reduces the temperature head that laser irradiation moment powder melts solidifies formation, reduces crackle and produce, promote drip molding quality.2) formed machining cabin is by aspirator vacuum and filling argon gas, makes shaping working space have atmosphere protection environment, can prevent substrate and other molded component oxidation deactivation under long-time high temperature.3) the present invention instead of moving up and down of traditional forming apparatus process zone by controlling moving up and down of scraper, makes apparatus structure simple possible more.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view in formed machining cabin of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the automatic powder discharger three-dimensional plot of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is scrapers adjustment devices three-dimensional plot of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is linear rolling track combination unit three-dimensional plot of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is linear rolling track assembled unit device three-dimensional plot of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Composition graphs 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention is used for the precinct laser melt-shaping equipment of stupalith, comprise test-bed 1, linear rolling track assembled unit 2, scraper 3, electronic micromatic setting 4, feeding device 5, support 6, laser generator 7, dynamic focusing system 8, galvanometer system 9, pressure transmitter 10, formed machining cabin 11, evacuating valve 12, vacuum pump 13, charging valve 14, argon gas feeding mechanism 15, powder withdrawer 16, induction heater 17, lower margin roller 18, industrial computer 19, thermal baffle 20, pressing plate 21, rebound 22, work top 23, air extractor 24, inflation mechanism 25.Wherein test-bed 1 sets up on the ground by bottom lower margin roller 18, the end face of this test-bed 1 is provided with work top 23 and linear rolling track assembled unit 2, described linear rolling track assembled unit 2 has 2 groups of Parallel Symmetrics to be distributed in the line slideway of work top 23 both sides, every root guide rail is provided with corresponding slide block, and the two ends of support 6 are connected with a slide block and perpendicular with guide rail direction respectively mutually; Close powder withdrawer 16 side of described support 6 is provided with feeding device 5, and installs electronic micromatic setting 4 at opposite side, and the bottom of described electronic micromatic setting 4 is installed with scraper 3, and scraper 3 times edges are parallel with work top 23 upper surface; Described formed machining cabin 11 with test-bed 1 upper surface for bottom surface, surrounding and end face surround with sheet material, X has hatch door to one-sided, corresponding work top 23 position of end face has lens, cabin body Y-direction is one-sided connects air extractor 24 and inflation mechanism 25 by pipeline, air extractor 24 comprises evacuating valve 12 and vacuum pump 13, and inflation mechanism 25 comprises charging valve 14 and argon gas feeding mechanism 15, and vacuum pump 13 and argon gas feeding mechanism 15 control by evacuating valve 12 and charging valve 14 respectively; Under the small opening of described test-bed 1 upper surface, correspondence is provided with powder withdrawer 16, and this powder withdrawer 16 is a flask, receives excessive powder and can take out easily to reuse; Thermal baffle 20 is embedded in the middle part of work top 23 and the upper surface of its upper surface and work top 23 is in sustained height, and pressing plate 21 and rebound 22 are embedded in the middle part of thermal baffle 20 and its upper surface is all in sustained height with the upper surface of thermal baffle 20; Described induction heater 17 is arranged on immediately below in the middle part of work top 23, and this induction heater 17 is connected on test-bed 1; Described laser generator 7, dynamic focusing system 8 and galvanometer system 9 are fixedly mounted on formed machining cabin 11 end face, galvanometer system 9 output terminal is positioned at directly over work top 23, its input terminus is connected with dynamic focusing system 8 output terminal by optical fiber road, and the input terminus of dynamic focusing system 8 is then communicated with laser generator 7.
Composition graphs 1 and Fig. 3, the present invention is used for the feeding device of the precinct laser melt-shaping equipment of stupalith, comprises guide groove B-1, shifting board B-2, tractive magnet B-3, spring B-4.Wherein the vertical side of guide groove B-1 is fixing on the frame 6, and side, inclined-plane contacts with shifting board B-2, and the groove that shifting board B-2 can be opened along its X to two surfaces does tangential movement; Tractive magnet B-3 installs on the frame 6, and close on guide groove B-1 phase, its traction end wireline is connected with shifting board B-2 by guide deflection sheave, can draw shifting board B-2 do Y-direction motion at electromagnetic force; Spring B-4 has two, and install in guide groove bottom zygomorphy, two ends are connected with support 6, shifting board B-2 respectively.
When tractive magnet is energized, magnetism can be produced to shifting board, shifting board under magneticaction to tractive magnet motion, simultaneously by spring application, when the through hole that baffle plate is offered and the perforate of guide groove bottom through after, powder can be fallen on table top by holes; After lower powder falling amount reaches aequum, tractive magnet and power-off, shifting board gets back to starting position under the action of the spring, and holes departs from, and namely powder no longer falls.
Composition graphs 1 and Fig. 4, the electronic micromatic setting of scraper of a kind of lf of the present invention former, is divided into 2 parts, is that Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height C-1 and X is to scraper angle setting device C-2 respectively.Its one end of Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height is fixed on support 6, and one end is connected X to angular adjustment apparatus C-2, and X connects scraper 3 to angular adjustment apparatus C-2 bottom.X rotates to adjust its angle to scraper angle setting device by promoting scraper 3 winding apparatus center standing bolt.
Composition graphs 1 and Fig. 5, the induction heater of a kind of lf former of the present invention comprises titanium-base D-1, corundum layer D-2, copper tube coil layer D-3, plate mica D-4, wiring board D-5, transformer D-6.Wherein titanium-base D-1 is formed machining substrate, central and concordant with work top 23 upper surface at shaped region: corundum layer D-2 is close to below titanium-base D-1, plays thermal insulation protection to the steel pipeline ring layer D-3 under corundum layer; Steel pipeline ring layer D-3, on the downside of corundum layer D-2, is connected with wiring board D-5, utilizes the current induced magnetic field that passes through in coil thus heats titanium-base D-1; Plate mica D-4 is arranged on immediately below copper tube coil layer D-3, has square hole so that wiring board D-5 runs through in the middle part of it; Wiring board D-5, under plate mica D-4, is connected with transformer D-6, and transformer D-6 is fixed on test-bed 1 by special stand.
Composition graphs 1 and Fig. 6, the linear rolling track assembled unit of a kind of lf former of the present invention, comprises linear rolling track E-1, shaft coupling E-2, stepper-motor E-3.Wherein linear rolling track is installed work top 23Y is symmetrical outside both sides, with corresponding slide block on every root guide rail, mounting bracket 6 on slide block, drive support 6 and on equipment realize the motion of Y-direction; Described stepper-motor E-3 is arranged on linear rolling track E-1 end, is connected with linear rolling track E-1 by shaft coupling E-2.
Lf forming mill working process of the present invention is as follows: first carry out tool setting before paving powder, run industrial computer 19, to electronic micromatic setting 4 signal, order about it and scraper 3 is down to lowest part, contact with test-bed 1 upper surface, then control X corrects scraper levelness to scraper angle micromatic setting C-2, makes it parallel with work top 23; Then making scraper 3 accurately navigate to distance work top 23 is the position of a bisque height, and tool setting terminates.Enough ceramic powder are added in feeding device 5, close sealing hatch door, run industrial computer 19 and control air extractor 24, process is vacuumized to formed machining cabin 11, is down to after forming requirements until oxygen content, close evacuating valve 12 and vacuum pump 13, open inflation mechanism 25 pairs of formed machining cabins 11 and carry out argon gas filling, and carry out the real time measure by pressure transmitter 10 pairs of cabin internal gas pressures, ensure that cabin internal gas pressure is a little more than normal atmosphere, reaches slight positive pressure state to improve sealing effectiveness; Industrial computer 19 controls to start the current flow heats such as induction heater 17 utilization and substrate D-1 temperature is improved fast, treats that temperature is close to the preheating temperature required, opens the heat insulation function of induction heater 17, makes substrate D-1 temperature keep stable; Run industrial computer 19, control linear rolling track assembled unit 2 by setting process to move, support 6, scraper 3 and blade adjusting device 4 is driven to move along guide rail towards workplatform 20 place, arrive desired location, industrial computer 19 can control feeding device 5 for powder, then powder is evenly taped against workplatform 20 surface by scraper 3, and unnecessary powder can enter in Powder trap 14; Powder is completed, and laser apparatus 7 is started working, and galvanometer system 9 makes laser facula by the scanning pattern motion of setting under the control of industrial computer 19, carries out thermal sintering to the powder of effective area.After individual layer formed machining completes, control electronic micromatic setting 4 scraper 3 to be risen a thickness, dynamic focusing system 8 pairs of incident lasers adjust, laser facula is made to remain at current hierarchical, power spreading device moves to starting position, start the formed machining of the second layer, the step before so repeating can complete whole formed machining.
Claims (5)
1. for an equipment for stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping, it is characterized in that: comprise test-bed (1), linear rolling track assembled unit (2), scraper (3), electronic micromatic setting (4), feeding device (5), support (6), laser generator (7), dynamic focusing system (8), galvanometer system (9), pressure transmitter (10), formed machining cabin (11), air extractor (24), inflation mechanism (25), induction heater (17), industrial computer (19) and work top (23), described work top (23) is arranged on test-bed (1) upper surface, the linear rolling track assembled unit (2) of 2 Parallel Symmetrics distributions is had to the arranged outside on both sides at work top (23) X, each track combination unit respectively there is a slide block, the ball screw of this slide block and linear rolling track assembled unit (2) inside is connected, be connected mutually with a slide block respectively bottom support (6) two ends, and perpendicular with the travel direction of slide block, the side of described support (6) is fixed with feeding device (5), and installs electronic micromatic setting (4) at opposite side, and the bottom of described electronic micromatic setting (4) is installed with scraper (3), described formed machining cabin (11) is with test-bed (1) upper surface for bottom surface, and surrounding and end face surround with sheet material, immediately below work top (23) middle part, induction heater (17) is installed, described laser generator (7), dynamic focusing system (8) and galvanometer system (9) are fixedly mounted on formed machining cabin (11) end face, galvanometer system (9) output terminal is positioned at directly over work top (23), its input terminus is connected with dynamic focusing system (8) output terminal by optical fiber road, and the input terminus of dynamic focusing system (8) is then communicated with laser generator (7), described pressure transmitter (10) is arranged on formed machining cabin (11) internal surface, described air extractor (24), inflation mechanism (25) communicate with forming process cabin (11) respectively by pipeline, industrial computer (19) is connected with inflation mechanism (25) with linear rolling track assembled unit (2), electronic micromatic setting (4), feeding device (5), laser generator (7), dynamic focusing system (8), galvanometer system (9), induction heater (17), air extractor (24) respectively, also comprise thermal baffle (20), pressing plate (21) and rebound (22), described thermal baffle (20) is embedded in the middle part of work top (23) and shaping work area and the upper surface of its upper surface and work top (23) is in sustained height, and pressing plate (21) and rebound (22) are embedded in the middle part of thermal baffle (20) and its upper surface is all in sustained height with the upper surface of thermal baffle (20), feeding device (5) comprises guide groove (B-1), shifting board (B-2), tractive magnet (B-3) and two springs (B-4), described guide groove (B-1) is inverted trapezoidal groove, guide groove (B-1) base plate is provided with perforate, and be inserted with shifting board (B-2) near base plate place level, this shifting board (B-2) crosses guide groove (B-1), shifting board (B-2) also has through hole, tractive magnet (B-3) is arranged on the support (6) of guide groove (B-1) side, its traction end wireline is connected with shifting board (B-2) by guide deflection sheave, shifting board (B-2) can be drawn do Y-direction motion thus control powder feeding, each spring (B-4) X is arranged between movable veneer (B-2), support (6) to level, and both ends of the spring is connected with movable veneer (B-2), support (6) respectively.
2. the equipment of stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described test-bed (1) upper surface has small opening, corresponding installation powder withdrawer (16) under small opening.
3. the equipment of stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
4 roller lower margins (18) are installed in the bottom of test-bed (1).
4. the equipment of stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: air extractor (24) is formed by connecting by pipeline by evacuating valve (12) and vacuum pump (13), after evacuating valve (12) is opened, control vacuum pump (13) and vacuumize to reduce oxygen content in the body of cabin; Inflation mechanism (25) is formed by connecting by pipeline by charging valve (14) and argon gas feeding mechanism (15), and after charging valve (14) is opened, argon gas feeding mechanism (15) carries out argon gas and crosses filling to ensure air pressure inside.
5. the equipment of stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping according to claim 1, is characterized in that: electronic micromatic setting (4) is made up of to scraper angle setting device (C-2) Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height (C-1) and X; Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height (C-1) have employed Sigma's ray machine precise jiggle platform, and its coarse adjustment side is connected on support (6), and the upper side of this mounting face is concordant with support (6) upper surface; Accurate adjustment side is provided with X to scraper angle setting device (C-2); X connects scraper (3) to angular adjustment apparatus (C-2) bottom, and X drives to scraper angle setting device (C-2) and promotes scraper (3) rotation to adjust its angle, and after being adjusted to standard level position, this X can self-locking to angular adjustment apparatus (C-2).
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| CN201410081803.4A CN104016686B (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | A kind of precinct laser melt-shaping equipment for stupalith |
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| CN201410081803.4A CN104016686B (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | A kind of precinct laser melt-shaping equipment for stupalith |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105269147B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-03-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-dimensional vacuum laser machining device and method for carrying out laser machining through device |
| WO2018013057A1 (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2018-01-18 | UCT Additive Manufacturing Center Pte. Ltd. | Improved temperature gradient control in additive manufacturing |
| CN107904595B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-11-08 | 东北大学 | A kind of cladding apparatus and its application method with Microwave-assisted firing device |
| CN108394099B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-12-03 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of multi-functional SLM device |
| CN108724722B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2024-02-20 | 上海俯深船舶科技有限公司 | Powder arm guiding mechanism is spread to 3D printer |
| CN109648078A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-19 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of power spreading device |
| CN110508917A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-29 | 湖南三泰新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of bimetallic composite blank vacuum welding device and method |
| CN111592372A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-08-28 | 南京理工大学 | Selective laser sintering molding device and method for ceramic matrix composite combined with fibrofelt |
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| CN201626977U (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2010-11-10 | 南昌航空大学 | Device for rapidly preparing metal ceramic coatings by laser induction hybrid melt injection |
| CN103400165A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-20 | 华南理工大学 | Method and equipment for manufacturing metal part with embedded FRID (Radio Frequency Identification) label with SLM (Selective Laser Melting) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201626977U (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2010-11-10 | 南昌航空大学 | Device for rapidly preparing metal ceramic coatings by laser induction hybrid melt injection |
| CN103400165A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-20 | 华南理工大学 | Method and equipment for manufacturing metal part with embedded FRID (Radio Frequency Identification) label with SLM (Selective Laser Melting) |
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