CN104016686A - Selective laser fusion molding equipment for ceramic material - Google Patents
Selective laser fusion molding equipment for ceramic material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104016686A CN104016686A CN201410081803.4A CN201410081803A CN104016686A CN 104016686 A CN104016686 A CN 104016686A CN 201410081803 A CN201410081803 A CN 201410081803A CN 104016686 A CN104016686 A CN 104016686A
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Abstract
The invention discloses selective laser fusion molding equipment for a ceramic material. A closed molding and processing cabin for forming a worktable is arranged in the equipment. According to the equipment, lifting motion of a molding cylinder is replaced by vertical motion of a scraper, a height adjusting device of the scraper is controlled by an industrial personal computer, a vacuum pump and an argon supply device are respectively conducted with the closed cabin through a pipeline; a laser scanning system is arranged on an upper surface of the closed cabin; a dynamic focusing system and a galvanometric scanning system in the laser scanning system are controlled by the industrial personal computer so as to realize real-time focusing; an induction heating system is arranged below the lower surface of the cabin, namely the worktable surface and is similarly controlled by the industrial personal computer, so that constant temperature heating can be realized. Preheating is performed through induction heating, the problem that ceramics are easily cracked due to extremely high temperature gradient in the molding process is solved, the oxygen content is strictly controlled due to atmosphere protection, influence on the performances of the parts of the equipment is avoided, and the whole equipment is simple and is conveniently sealed due to a special powder spreading structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lf former field, particularly one and can carry out the lf building mortion that direct precinct laser melting (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) is shaped to stupalith.
Background technology
Along with the development of economic globalization, the field fast developments such as particularly aviation aerospace, biologic medical bring very big challenge to production, and the complex product features such as various audacious designs and increasing curved surface, porous, hollow structure need new manufacture support.SLM adopts laser to divide selectively melting layer pressed powder, and makes the curing one increasing material manufacturing technology of making complicated shape that folds of melting layer.Due to powder in SLM forming process through laser irradiation melt fast, the processing characteristic of flash setting, SLM drip molding mechanical property is better than foundry goods, simultaneously, because SLM supports directly to increase material finished parts from three-dimensional model, production cost and period reduces greatly, make its forming display at complicated difficult workpiece go out outstanding superiority, manifested good application prospect in fields such as aerospace, automobile and biologic medicals.
Existing industrial lasers melt-shaping equipment is mainly used in shaping of metal powders, is generally made up of powder feeding cylinder, formation cylinder, recovery cylinder, scraper, laser apparatus and support.And the features such as for stupalith, because its fusing point is high, heat transfer coefficient is low, fragility is large, counter stress and crack-sensitivity are easy to produce distortion and cause crackle in lf forming process.Compared with metallic substance, stupalith is shaped more difficult.At present at home, the SLM of pottery is shaped and is also in theoretical research stage, has no stupalith lf former patent report.The patent application " a kind of power spreading device of lf former " of submitting to before the present patent application people, routine paving powder equipment is improved from controlling thermograde aspect for adapting to stupalith, but do not consider the impact that high temperature preheating brings to former entirety, if high temperature is to substrate and the oxidation deactivation that around parts may bring etc., thereby cannot directly apply on general former.The equipment that external only PHENIX company produces can form metal stupalith, and have not been reported with the ceramic SLM former of high temperature preheating.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment for stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping, this device can carry out lf shaping for stupalith, it is provided with induction heating device in powder area to be processed bottom, utilize its heating and function of temperature control that powder temperature is controlled in optimum range, and the direct SLM that utilizes the optical-fiber laser producer being equipped with to carry out stupalith is shaped.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of equipment for stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping, comprises test-bed 1, linear rolling track assembled unit 2, scraper 3, electronic micromatic setting 4, feeding device 5, support 6, laser generator 7, dynamic focusing system 8, galvanometer system 9, pressure transmitter 10, is shaped and processes cabin 11, air extractor 24, inflation mechanism 25, induction heater 17, industrial computer 19 and work top 23; Described work top 23 is arranged on test-bed 1 upper surface, the linear rolling track assembled unit 2 that has 2 Parallel Symmetrics to distribute to the arranged outside on both sides at work top 23X, on each track combination unit, respectively there is a slide block, the ball screw of this slide block and linear rolling track assembled unit 2 inside is connected, support 6 bottoms, two ends are connected mutually with a slide block respectively, and perpendicular with the travel direction of slide block; One side of described support 6 is fixed with feeding device 5, and at opposite side, electronic micromatic setting 4 is installed, and the bottom of described electronic micromatic setting 4 is installed with scraper 3; Described shaping processing cabin 11 is taking test-bed 1 upper surface as bottom surface, and surrounding and end face surround with sheet material; Under work top 23 middle parts, induction heater 17 is installed, described laser generator 7, dynamic focusing system 8 and galvanometer system 9 are fixedly mounted on processing cabin 11 end faces that are shaped, galvanometer system 9 output terminals be positioned at work top 23 directly over, its input terminus is connected with dynamic focusing system 8 output terminals by optical fiber road, and the input terminus of dynamic focusing system 8 is communicated with laser generator 7; Described pressure transmitter 10 is arranged on processing cabin 11 internal surfaces that are shaped; Described air extractor 24, inflation mechanism 25 communicate with forming process cabin 11 by pipeline respectively; Industrial computer 19 is connected with linear rolling track assembled unit 2, electronic micromatic setting 4, feeding device 5, laser generator 7, dynamic focusing system 8, galvanometer system 9, induction heater 17, air extractor 24 and inflation mechanism 25 respectively.
Also comprise thermal baffle 20, pressing plate 21 and rebound 22, the middle part that described thermal baffle 20 is embedded in work top 23 is shaped the upper surface of work area and its upper surface and work top 23 in sustained height, pressing plate 21 and rebound 22 be embedded in the middle part of thermal baffle 20 and its upper surface all with the upper surface of thermal baffle 20 in sustained height.
Described test-bed 1 upper surface has small opening, the corresponding powder withdrawer 16 of installing under small opening.
Feeding device 5 comprises guide groove B-1, shifting board B-2, tractive magnet B-3 and two spring B-4, described guide groove B-1 is inverted trapezoidal groove, guide groove B-1 base plate is provided with perforate, and be inserted with shifting board B-2 near base plate place level, this shifting board B-2 crosses guide groove B-1, on shifting board B-2, also have through hole, tractive magnet B-3 is arranged on the support 6 of guide groove B-1 mono-side, its traction end is connected with shifting board B-2 by guide deflection sheave with wireline, does Y-direction motion control powder feeding thereby can draw shifting board B-2; Each spring B-4X is arranged between activity board B-2, support 6 to level, and both ends of the spring is connected with activity board B-2, support 6 respectively.
4 roller lower margins 18 are installed in the bottom of test-bed 1.
Air extractor 24 is formed by connecting by pipeline by evacuating valve 12 and vacuum pump 13, after evacuating valve 12 is opened, controls vacuum pump 13 to vacuumizing to reduce oxygen content in the body of cabin; Inflation mechanism 25 is formed by connecting by pipeline by charging valve 14 and argon gas feeding mechanism 15, and after charging valve 14 is opened, argon gas feeding mechanism 15 carries out argon gas and crosses filling to ensure air pressure inside.
Electronic micromatic setting 4 is made up of to scraper angle setting device C-2 Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height C-1 and X; Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height C-1 has adopted Sigma's ray machine precise jiggle platform, and its coarse adjustment side is connected on support 6, and the upper side of this mounting face is concordant with support 6 upper surfaces; Accurate adjustment side is provided with X to scraper angle setting device C-2; X connects scraper 3 to angular adjustment apparatus C-2 bottom, X drives promotion scraper 3 to rotate to adjust its angle to scraper angle setting device C-2, and when being adjusted to behind standard level position, this X can self-locking to angular adjustment apparatus C-2.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is in the present invention: 1) make forming board have higher preheating temperature by induction heating, reduction laser irradiation moment powder melts is solidified the temperature head of formation, reduces crackle and produces, and promotes drip molding quality.2) be shaped processing cabin by vacuum and the filling argon gas of bleeding, the working space that makes to be shaped has atmosphere protection environment, can prevent substrate and other molded component oxidation deactivation under long-time high temperature.3) the present invention has replaced moving up and down of conventional former process zone by controlling moving up and down of scraper, makes apparatus structure simple possible more.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view that the present invention is shaped in processing cabin.
Fig. 3 is the automatic powder discharger three-dimensional plot of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is scrapers adjustment devices three-dimensional plot of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is linear rolling track combination unit three-dimensional plot of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is linear rolling track assembled unit device three-dimensional plot of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention is for the precinct laser melt-shaping equipment of stupalith, comprise test-bed 1, linear rolling track assembled unit 2, scraper 3, electronic micromatic setting 4, feeding device 5, support 6, laser generator 7, dynamic focusing system 8, galvanometer system 9, pressure transmitter 10, processing cabin 11 is shaped, evacuating valve 12, vacuum pump 13, charging valve 14, argon gas feeding mechanism 15, powder withdrawer 16, induction heater 17, lower margin roller 18, industrial computer 19, thermal baffle 20, pressing plate 21, rebound 22, work top 23, air extractor 24, inflation mechanism 25.Wherein test-bed 1 sets up on the ground by bottom lower margin roller 18, on the end face of this test-bed 1, be provided with work top 23 and linear rolling track assembled unit 2, described linear rolling track assembled unit 2 has 2 groups of Parallel Symmetrics to be distributed in the line slideway of work top 23 both sides, on every guide rail, be provided with corresponding slide block, the two ends of support 6 are connected mutually with a slide block respectively and are perpendicular with guide rail direction; Close powder withdrawer 16 1 sides of described support 6 are provided with feeding device 5, and at opposite side, electronic micromatic setting 4 are installed, and the bottom of described electronic micromatic setting 4 is installed with scraper 3, and 3 times edges of scraper are parallel with work top 23 upper surfaces; Described shaping processing cabin 11 is taking test-bed 1 upper surface as bottom surface, surrounding and end face surround with sheet material, X is to the one-sided hatch door that has, the corresponding work top of end face 23 positions have lens, cabin body Y-direction is one-sided connects air extractor 24 and inflation mechanism 25 by pipeline, air extractor 24 comprises evacuating valve 12 and vacuum pump 13, and inflation mechanism 25 comprises charging valve 14 and argon gas feeding mechanism 15, and vacuum pump 13 and argon gas feeding mechanism 15 are controlled by evacuating valve 12 and charging valve 14 respectively; Under the small opening of described test-bed 1 upper surface, correspondence is provided with powder withdrawer 16, and this powder withdrawer 16 is a flask, receives unnecessary powder and can take out easily to reuse; Thermal baffle 20 is embedded in the middle part of work top 23 and the upper surface of its upper surface and work top 23 in sustained height, pressing plate 21 and rebound 22 be embedded in the middle part of thermal baffle 20 and its upper surface all with the upper surface of thermal baffle 20 in sustained height; Described induction heater 17 be arranged on work top 23 middle parts under, this induction heater 17 is connected on test-bed 1; Described laser generator 7, dynamic focusing system 8 and galvanometer system 9 are fixedly mounted on processing cabin 11 end faces that are shaped, galvanometer system 9 output terminals be positioned at work top 23 directly over, its input terminus is connected with dynamic focusing system 8 output terminals by optical fiber road, and the input terminus of dynamic focusing system 8 is communicated with laser generator 7.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the present invention, for the feeding device of the precinct laser melt-shaping equipment of stupalith, comprises guide groove B-1, shifting board B-2, tractive magnet B-3, spring B-4.Wherein the vertical side of guide groove B-1 is fixed on support 6, and inclined-plane side contacts with shifting board B-2, and the groove that shifting board B-2 can be opened to two surfaces along its X does tangential movement; Tractive magnet B-3 is arranged on support 6, and B-1 closes on mutually with guide groove, and its traction end is connected with shifting board B-2 by guide deflection sheave with wireline, can draw shifting board B-2 do Y-direction motion at electromagnetic force; Spring B-4 have two, install in guide groove bottom zygomorphy, and two ends are connected with support 6, shifting board B-2 respectively.
In the time that tractive magnet is switched on, can produce magnetism to shifting board, shifting board is to tractive magnet motion under magneticaction, and simultaneously by spring application, when after the through hole of offering on baffle plate and guide groove bottom perforate perforation, powder can be fallen on table top by two holes; Lower powder falling amount reaches after aequum, and tractive magnet is power-off, and shifting board is got back to starting position under spring action, and two holes depart from, and powder no longer falls.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, the electronic micromatic setting of scraper of a kind of lf former of the present invention, is divided into 2 parts, is respectively that Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height C-1 and X are to scraper angle setting device C-2.Its one end of Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height is fixed on support 6, and one end is connected X to angular adjustment apparatus C-2, and X connects scraper 3 to angular adjustment apparatus C-2 bottom.X rotates to adjust its angle to scraper angle setting device by promoting scraper 3 winding apparatus center standing bolts.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, the induction heater of a kind of lf former of the present invention comprises titanium-base D-1, corundum layer D-2, copper tube coil layer D-3, plate mica D-4, wiring board D-5, transformer D-6.Wherein titanium-base D-1 is shaping substrate processing, in shaped region central authorities and concordant with work top 23 upper surfaces: corundum layer D-2 is close to below titanium-base D-1, and the steel pipeline ring layer D-3 under corundum layer is played to thermal insulation protection; Steel pipeline ring layer D-3 is at corundum layer D-2 downside, and D-5 is connected with wiring board, thereby utilize the electric current passing through in coil to produce magnetic field, titanium-base D-1 is heated; Plate mica D-4 is arranged under copper tube coil layer D-3, and its middle part has square hole so that wiring board D-5 runs through; Wiring board D-5 is under plate mica D-4, and D-6 is connected with transformer, and transformer D-6 is fixed on test-bed 1 by special stand.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, the linear rolling track assembled unit of a kind of lf former of the present invention, comprises linear rolling track E-1, shaft coupling E-2, stepper-motor E-3.Wherein linear rolling track is installed work top 23 Y-direction both sides outsides are symmetrical, on every guide rail with corresponding slide block, mounting bracket 6 on slide block, drive support 6 and on equipment realize the motion of Y-direction; Described stepper-motor E-3 is arranged on linear rolling track E-1 end, is connected with linear rolling track E-1 by shaft coupling E-2.
Lf forming mill working process of the present invention is as follows: first spread the front tool setting of powder, operation industrial computer 19, give electronic micromatic setting 4 signals, order about it scraper 3 is down to lowest part, contact with test-bed 1 upper surface, then control X and proofread and correct scraper levelness to scraper angle micromatic setting C-2, make it parallel with work top 23; Then making scraper 3 accurately navigate to apart from work top 23 is the position of a bisque height, and tool setting finishes.In feeding device 5, add enough ceramic powder, close sealing hatch door, operation industrial computer 19 is controlled air extractor 24, the processing cabin 11 that is shaped is vacuumized to processing, after oxygen content is down to forming requirements, close evacuating valve 12 and vacuum pump 13, open inflation mechanism 25 argon gas filling is carried out in the processing cabin 11 that is shaped, and by pressure transmitter 10, cabin internal gas pressure is carried out to the real time measure, and ensure that cabin internal gas pressure is a little more than normal atmosphere, reach slight positive pressure state to improve sealing effectiveness; Industrial computer 19 is controlled the current flow heats such as startup induction heater 17 utilizes substrate D-1 temperature is improved fast, treats that temperature approaches the preheating temperature requiring, and opens the heat insulation function of induction heater 17, makes substrate D-1 temperature keep stablizing; Operation industrial computer 19, move by setting process control linear rolling track assembled unit 2, drive support 6, scraper 3 and blade adjusting device 4 to move towards workplatform 20 places along guide rail, arrive desired location, industrial computer 19 can be controlled feeding device 5 for powder, then powder is evenly taped against workplatform 20 surfaces by scraper 3, and unnecessary powder can enter in Powder Recovery device 14; Powder is completed, and laser apparatus 7 is started working, and galvanometer system 9 makes laser facula by the scanning pattern motion of setting under the control of industrial computer 19, and the powder of effective area is carried out to thermal sintering.After individual layer is shaped and machines, control electronic micromatic setting 4 by scraper 3 bed thickness that rises, dynamic focusing system 8 is adjusted incident laser, make laser facula remain at current layering, power spreading device moves to starting position, start the shaping processing of the second layer, the step before so repeating can complete whole shaping processing.
Claims (7)
1. for an equipment for stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping, it is characterized in that: comprise test-bed [1], linear rolling track assembled unit [2], scraper [3], electronic micromatic setting [4], feeding device [5], support [6], laser generator [7], dynamic focusing system [8], galvanometer system [9], pressure transmitter [10], be shaped and process cabin [11], air extractor [24], inflation mechanism [25], induction heater [17], industrial computer [19] and work top [23]; Described work top [23] is arranged on test-bed [1] upper surface, the linear rolling track assembled unit [2] that has 2 Parallel Symmetrics to distribute to the arranged outside on both sides at work top [23] X, on each track combination unit, respectively there is a slide block, the inner ball screw of this slide block and linear rolling track assembled unit [2] is connected, bottom, support [6] two ends is connected mutually with a slide block respectively, and perpendicular with the travel direction of slide block; One side of described support [6] is fixed with feeding device [5], and at opposite side, electronic micromatic setting [4] is installed, and the bottom of described electronic micromatic setting [4] is installed with scraper [3]; Described shaping processing cabin [11] is taking test-bed [1] upper surface as bottom surface, and surrounding and end face surround with sheet material; Under work top [23] middle part, induction heater [17] is installed, described laser generator [7], dynamic focusing system [8] and galvanometer system [9] are fixedly mounted on processing cabin [11] end face that is shaped, galvanometer system [9] output terminal be positioned at work top [23] directly over, its input terminus is connected with dynamic focusing system [8] output terminal by optical fiber road, and the input terminus of dynamic focusing system [8] is communicated with laser generator [7]; Described pressure transmitter [10] is arranged on processing cabin [11] internal surface that is shaped; Described air extractor [24], inflation mechanism [25] communicate with forming process cabin [11] by pipeline respectively; Industrial computer [19] is connected with linear rolling track assembled unit [2], electronic micromatic setting [4], feeding device [5], laser generator [7], dynamic focusing system [8], galvanometer system [9], induction heater [17], air extractor [24] and inflation mechanism [25] respectively.
2. the equipment of stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise thermal baffle [20], pressing plate [21] and rebound [22], the middle part that described thermal baffle [20] is embedded in work top [23] is shaped the upper surface of work area and its upper surface and work top [23] in sustained height, pressing plate [21] and rebound [22] be embedded in the middle part of thermal baffle [20] and its upper surface all with the upper surface of thermal baffle [20] in sustained height.
3. the equipment of stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described test-bed [1] upper surface has small opening, the corresponding powder withdrawer [16] of installing under small opening.
4. the equipment of stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: feeding device [5] comprises guide groove [B-1], shifting board [B-2], tractive magnet [B-3] and two springs [B-4], described guide groove [B-1] is inverted trapezoidal groove, guide groove [B-1] base plate is provided with perforate, and be inserted with shifting board [B-2] near base plate place level, this shifting board [B-2] crosses guide groove [B-1], on shifting board [B-2], also have through hole, tractive magnet [B-3] is arranged on the support 6 of guide groove [B-1] side, its traction end is connected with shifting board [B-2] by guide deflection sheave with wireline, can draw shifting board [B-2] thus do Y-direction motion and control powder feeding, each spring [B-4] X is arranged between movable veneer [B-2], support [6] to level, and both ends of the spring is connected with movable veneer [B-2], support [6] respectively.
5. the equipment of stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the bottom of test-bed [1], 4 roller lower margins [18] are installed.
6. the equipment of stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: air extractor [24] is formed by connecting by pipeline by evacuating valve [12] and vacuum pump [13], after evacuating valve [12] is opened, control vacuum pump [13] to vacuumizing to reduce oxygen content in the body of cabin; Inflation mechanism [25] is formed by connecting by pipeline by charging valve [14] and argon gas feeding mechanism [15], and after charging valve [14] is opened, argon gas feeding mechanism [15] carries out argon gas and crosses filling to ensure air pressure inside.
7. the equipment of stupalith precinct laser melt-shaping according to claim 1, is characterized in that: electronic micromatic setting [4] is made up of to scraper angle setting device [C-2] Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height [C-1] and X; Z-direction arrangement for adjusting height [C-1] has adopted Sigma's ray machine precise jiggle platform, and it is upper that its coarse adjustment side is connected in support [6], and the upper side of this mounting face is concordant with support [6] upper surface; Accurate adjustment side is provided with X to scraper angle setting device [C-2]; X connects scraper [3] to angular adjustment apparatus [C-2] bottom, X drives promotion scraper [3] to rotate to adjust its angle to scraper angle setting device [C-2], and when being adjusted to behind standard level position, this X can self-locking to angular adjustment apparatus [C-2].
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| CN201410081803.4A CN104016686B (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | A kind of precinct laser melt-shaping equipment for stupalith |
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| CN201410081803.4A CN104016686B (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | A kind of precinct laser melt-shaping equipment for stupalith |
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| CN110508917A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-29 | 湖南三泰新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of bimetallic composite blank vacuum welding device and method |
| CN110919185A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-03-27 | 南华大学 | Non-contact power conduction laser vacuum processing device and processing method |
| CN111633328A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-08 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | Weak atmosphere environment laser welding device and method |
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