CN104016431B - Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus - Google Patents

Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104016431B
CN104016431B CN201310063166.3A CN201310063166A CN104016431B CN 104016431 B CN104016431 B CN 104016431B CN 201310063166 A CN201310063166 A CN 201310063166A CN 104016431 B CN104016431 B CN 104016431B
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heat accumulator
sunlight
solar energy
sea water
desalination apparatus
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CN201310063166.3A
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CN104016431A (en
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刘文晏
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, comprise: a reflector element, it comprises the fixed support that a support underframe, sunlight deflectors, be arranged at above this support underframe is arranged at this sunlight deflectors periphery, and one is arranged at heat accumulator above this sunlight deflectors, this heat accumulator is provided with a side opening and a through hole, and this fixed support is connected with this heat accumulator; One inlet unit, it comprises a water inlet pipe, and one end of this water inlet pipe is connected with the side opening of this heat accumulator; One condensing unit, it comprises a generating tube is connected this generating tube aqua storage tank with one, and one end of this generating tube is connected with the through hole of this heat accumulator.The present invention by this sunlight deflectors can reflected sunlight on this heat accumulator, and this heat accumulator is heated, and the water flowing into this heat accumulator is overflowed by thermal evaporation and from this generating tube, and store to this aqua storage tank after condensation, utilize sunlight to carry out irradiating heating and additionally can not consume the water resources that the energy can obtain cleaning.

Description

Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus
Technical field
The present invention, about a kind of sea water desalinating plant, refers to a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus utilizing solar thermal energy to carry out sea water desaltination especially.
Background technology
On the earth, water total reserves is about 1.36x10 18m 3, but outside the salt water resources such as removing ocean, only have 2.5% for fresh water.Fresh water is main again to be existed with the form of glacier and deep phreatic water, 0.3% of the total fresh water in the fresh water Jin Zhan world in river and lake.
World Meteorological Organization points out at the beginning of 1996: lack of water is the matter of utmost importance that city, the whole world faces, and estimates the year two thousand fifty, and there is the urban population lack of water of 46% in the whole world.For the area of water resources rareness, water has exceeded the scope of living resources, and becomes strategic resource, rarity due to water resources, and the possibility of water outbreak of war is more and more higher.In order to the problem allowing the whole world all be concerned about shortage of fresh water, the 47th United Nations General Assembly decides and annual March 22 was decided to be World Water Day.
Early stage people can extract use underground water, but use underground water can cause fault sag and destroy ground bottom structure, cause the permanent damage that cannot reply, also likely block underground water, underground water is prohibitted the use, to avoid the infringement of various permanent many local people.Sea water desaltination is its a kind of countermeasure, but owing to consuming the too high and high cost of energy, most desalimtor after building up shortly because insufficient funds are forced to close.Visit this arid but rich place Middle East Du, then utilize this method to obtain fresh water.
TaiWan, China I348994 patent of invention " fresh water generation method, device for generating fresh water, method for desalting seawater and sea water desalinating plant ", discloses a kind of fresh water generation method can purified waste water from non-middle acquisition fresh water etc. of purifying waste water such as seawater.It mainly generates fresh water by reverse osmosis membrane pressure filtration, by salt concn lower than the low salt concn water of seawater and sea water mixing, and carries out reverse osmosis membrane filtration to the mixing water obtained by this mixing, generates fresh water whereby.
But, external energy be needed to extrude by reverse osmosis membrane in seawater, otherwise water molecules cannot, quickly through the superfine reverse osmosis membrane of density, therefore be necessary to use mass energy to produce fresh water.And this measure can make cost increase because energy prices go up, cause not having large-scale promotion potentiality.
Sayed from above-mentioned, water is the required material of tellurian any biology, life entity, the soil of lack of water just cannot breed biology, and fresh water is irrigated and the bioelement breeding terrestrial life especially, and the source of fresh water, saving, storage, utilization are global important issue.So, be necessary that in fact development one effectively can carry out sea water desaltination, again can not the technology of the additional waste energy, to increase the output of clean fresh water.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, comprising:
One reflector element, it comprises the fixed support that a support underframe, sunlight deflectors, be arranged at above this support underframe is arranged at this sunlight deflectors periphery, and one is arranged at heat accumulator above this sunlight deflectors, this heat accumulator offers a side opening and a through hole, this fixed support is connected with this heat accumulator;
One inlet unit, it comprises a water inlet pipe, and one end of this water inlet pipe is connected with this side opening of this heat accumulator;
One condensing unit, it comprises a generating tube is connected this generating tube aqua storage tank with one, and one end of this generating tube is connected with the through hole of this heat accumulator.
Preferably, wherein this heat accumulator has more a temperature sensor provided thereon.
Preferably, wherein this inlet unit has more the flow director be located at above this water inlet pipe.
Preferably, wherein this condensing unit has more the condenser being located at this upper part of evaporating.
Preferably, wherein the surface of this sunlight deflectors is provided with more than one focusing lens.
Preferably, wherein the rear of this sunlight deflectors is more provided with one and is arranged at slide teeth wheels on this support underframe, this support underframe has the axle of a rotation, this sunlight deflectors is moved reciprocatingly between one first sliding position and one second sliding position by these slide teeth wheels, being slided and the rotation coordinating this axle between first and second sliding position by this sunlight deflectors, carries out sliding and rotates in the direction that this sunlight deflectors followed by sunlight.
Preferably, wherein this support underframe have one can 360 degree rotate axles.
Preferably, wherein this reflector element has more automatically controlled a group of being arranged on this support underframe, this automatically controlled group start that can control these slide teeth wheels and this axle.
Preferably, wherein this focusing lens adjusts its reflection angle by this automatically controlled group.
Preferably, wherein this heat accumulator has more a body, and one is arranged on this body in order to open and close uncapping of this body.
Beneficial functional of the present invention is, by this sunlight deflectors can reflected sunlight on this heat accumulator, and this heat accumulator is heated, and the water flowing into this heat accumulator is overflowed by thermal evaporation and from this generating tube, and store to this aqua storage tank after condensation, utilize sunlight to carry out irradiating heating and additionally can not consume the water resources that the energy can obtain cleaning.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the enforcement schematic diagram of the first preferred embodiment of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the partial cutaway schematic of a heat accumulator in this first preferred embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a block schematic diagram, illustrates that this temperature sensor feedback signal is to a flow director, to control the water yield number that an inlet flume flows through this flow director;
Fig. 4 is the enforcement schematic diagram of the second preferred embodiment of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of the present invention.
[main element nomenclature]
3-reflector element; 31-support underframe; 311-axle; 32-sunlight deflectors; 321-plane of reflection; 322-focusing lens; 323-slide teeth wheels; 33-fixed support; 331-leg; 34-heat accumulator; 341-side opening; 342-through hole; 343-body; 344-uncaps; 345-temperature sensor; Automatically controlled group of 35-;
4-inlet unit; 40-inlet flume; 41-water inlet pipe; 411-flow director;
5-condensing unit; 51-generating tube; 52-aqua storage tank; 53-condenser.
Embodiment
Feature for the present invention and technology contents, below coordinate three preferred embodiments with reference to accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows.
Before being described in detail, it should be noted that similar element represents with identical numbering.
Consulting Fig. 1,2, is the first preferred embodiment of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of the present invention, and this solar energy sea water desalination apparatus comprises reflector element 3, inlet unit 4, and a condensing unit 5.
This reflector element 3 comprises support underframe 31, sunlight deflectors 32, fixed support 33, and a heat accumulator 34.This support underframe 31 is that ground is stood in support, this sunlight deflectors 32 be arranged at this support underframe 31 top and have one can the plane of reflection 321 of reflected sunlight, this fixed support 33 has multiple leg 331, one end of each leg 331 is arranged on the periphery of this sunlight deflectors 32, the contrary the other end then upwards and to center concurrent concentrate.This heat accumulator 34 is concentrated with multiple leg 331 concurrent, supports by multiple leg 331 connects the top standing on this sunlight deflectors 32.
In this preferred embodiment, this sunlight deflectors 32 is circular plates moulding, but during actual enforcement, also can be groove type, Polygons or other geometrical shape etc., should as limit.And this heat accumulator 34 has more side opening 341, through hole 342, body 343, and one is arranged on this body 343 and uncaps 344 in order to what open and close this body 343.
This inlet unit 4 comprises an inlet flume 40, and a water inlet pipe 41.Accommodate seawater in this inlet flume 40 and be positioned at eminence and connect this water inlet pipe 41, one end of this water inlet pipe 41 is connected with this inlet flume 40, and the contrary the other end is then connected with the side opening 341 of this heat accumulator 34.This condensing unit 5 comprises a generating tube 51 is connected this generating tube 51 aqua storage tank 52 with one, and one end of this generating tube 51 is also connected with the through hole 342 of this heat accumulator 34.
It is worth mentioning that, the present invention is when reality is implemented, this condensing unit 5 also optionally can configure one and be located at condenser 53 (such as metal heat sink) on this generating tube 51, in order to quick, water vapour in this generating tube 51 is cooled, because the structure of this condenser 53 is numerous, and non-invention emphasis place, therefore no longer add to repeat to the structure of this condenser 53 in this.
Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of the present invention by this sunlight deflectors 32 can reflected sunlight on this heat accumulator 34, and this heat accumulator 34 is heated, and the seawater flowing into this heat accumulator 34 is heated and vaporization overflowing from this generating tube 51, form after water droplet through condensation in way and store to this aqua storage tank 52, utilize solar energy additionally must not consume the energy and can obtain clean water resources.
344 bottoms being arranged at this heat accumulator 34 and this is uncapped, in order to open and to close this heat accumulator 34, when seawater to flow in this heat accumulator 34 and by after thermal evaporation, the residue such as lower impurities in water or sea salt xln can be left over, by this design of 344 of uncapping, just person easy to use residue in this heat accumulator 34 can be removed.
Coordinate and consult Fig. 3, in this preferred embodiment, this heat accumulator 34 has more one provided thereon and can bear the temperature sensor 345 of high temperature.This inlet unit 4 has more the flow director 411 be located at above this water inlet pipe 41.This flow director 411 is valves, in order to control flow through this water inlet pipe 41 from this inlet flume 40 and flow into the water yield of this heat accumulator 34.The drop controlling organization that the structure of this flow director 411 is such as traditional, due to the huge number of valve and drop controlling organization, and non-invention emphasis place, therefore no longer add to repeat to the structure of this flow director 411 in this.
This temperature sensor 345 is arranged on this heat accumulator 34, when this heat accumulator 34 be subject to stronger solar light irradiation and make temperature rise higher, vaporator rate accelerate time, a signal can be fed back to this flow director 411, the water yield flowing through this flow director 411 is increased, now, seawater just can enter this heat accumulator 34 rapidly.Relatively, when this heat accumulator 34 be subject to less solar light irradiation and make temperature decline, vaporator rate slack-off time, a signal can be fed back to this flow director 411, make the discharge reduction flowing through this flow director 411, seawater can be flowed in this heat accumulator 34 more lentamente.
As shown in the above description, after this heat accumulator 34 heats up, utilize this flow director 411 to control to enter the water yield of this heat accumulator 34, make it to maintain relatively high temperature, vaporization efficiency can effectively be improved, become an efficient control mode.
Consulting Fig. 4, is the second preferred embodiment of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of the present invention, and this second preferred embodiment comprises reflector element 3, inlet unit 4 equally, and a condensing unit 5.Something in common repeats no more in this, difference is, in this second preferred embodiment, this sunlight deflectors 32 is similar general circular antenna dish and has a smooth plane of reflection 321, sunlight can reflect by this plane of reflection 321, and in order to increase the reflection efficiency of sunlight, the plane of reflection 321 of this sunlight deflectors 32 is more provided with multiple focusing lens 322.
In this second preferred embodiment, the back side of this sunlight deflectors 32 has more one and is arranged at slide teeth wheels 323 on this support underframe 31.This support underframe 31 have one can 360 degree rotate axles 311, these slide teeth wheels 323 can make this sunlight deflectors 32 move reciprocatingly between one first sliding position and one second sliding position.Can be slided and the rotation coordinating this axle 311 between first and second sliding position by this sunlight deflectors 32, the running orbit that this sunlight deflectors 32 can be made to followed by the sun carries out sliding and rotates.
Because the plane of reflection 321 of this sunlight deflectors 32 can move along with sunlight, so the heat accumulator 34 be arranged on this sunlight deflectors 32 can be subject to sunlight reflection and continuous heating heats up always, can not because of cannot reflected sunlight and lose heating efficiency.
It is worth mentioning that, this reflector element 3 has more automatically controlled a group 35 of being arranged on this support underframe 31, this automatically controlled group 35 except can controlling these slide teeth wheels 323 and this axle 311 start, the also reflection angle of this focusing lens 322 of adjustable.
As long as input running track from sun gives this automatically controlled group 35, this automatically controlled group 35 can drive this gear unit 323 and this axle 311 start relatively, the moment can aim at solar source to meet this sunlight deflectors 32.Certainly, during actual enforcement, manual mode also can be utilized to allow this sunlight deflectors 32 aim at solar source, should as limit.
Definition for evaporation is: other water molecules individual becomes more active because obtaining energy, thus departs from original water body, dissipates in air.When providing capacity rating, water body is larger, and temperature rises slower, and steam output is also fewer.In design of the present invention, the flow director 411 of seawater as similar drop drop by drop absorbs heat isolator, the heat energy that the liquid water molecules instantaneous touch of relatively small amount is relatively a large amount of, contributes to improving vaporization efficiency.
In addition, the heat build-up effect of this sunlight deflectors 32 also significantly can improve vaporization efficiency.In second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plane of reflection 321 of this sunlight deflectors 32 is provided with multiple focusing lens 322, the focusing lens 322 meticulously built, and focal position just can be made under sunshine in several minutes to be warming up to hundreds of degree Celsius.And due to vaporization efficiency high, suitable use place of the present invention also corresponding expansion.
And the ground such as the Europe of high latitude, Japan or Chinese North China, although samming is lower, sunshine is relatively less, still the present invention can be used obtain fresh water to a certain degree.Because of use sun power therefore, absolutely great advantage of the present invention be arid more serious time, the efficiency of sea water desaltination is higher, is thus also more conducive to the arid loss brought of alleviation.Even if do not have the degree to noisy drought, properly utilize the resource at sunshine in summer to implement sea water desaltination, well-designed facility of playing with water of arranging in pairs or groups, also contributes to the consumption relieving summer heat and reduce air conditioner energy source.
In addition, solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of the present invention, also can implement across the sea.Although implement across the sea also must make floating platform, the region that narrow people is thick on ground still has it to be worth.Such as lack the Gaoxiong City of winter rain at TaiWan, China, nearby the stability that this scheme significantly can improve water supply is implemented in marine site.In addition in the Penghu of long-term lack of water, then all the more so.The present invention, except may affecting the situation of global water resources supply and staple food supply, also may produce other derivative impact, such as: the construction of reservoir, is just worth reappraising.And, the child care of existing forest should be contributed to, even the farmland on the nearly mountain of part is conceded the land to forestry, thus be conducive to soil conservation.
Comprehensively above-mentioned, solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of the present invention by this sunlight deflectors 32 can reflected sunlight on this heat accumulator 34, and this heat accumulator 34 is heated, and the water flowing into this heat accumulator 34 is heated and vaporization overflowing from this generating tube 51, form after water droplet through condensation in way and store to this aqua storage tank 52, utilize solar energy additionally must not consume the energy and can obtain clean water resources, and coordinate temperature sensor 345 to feed back signal to this flow director 411, after the rapid intensification of this heat accumulator 34, this flow director 411 is utilized to control to enter the water yield of this heat accumulator 34, make it to keep certain temperature, vaporization efficiency can effectively be improved, to reach object of the present invention.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not used to this and limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, the equivalence change such as done according to patent spirit of the present invention with modify, all in like manner belong in scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, is characterized in that, comprises:
One reflector element, it comprises the fixed support that a support underframe, sunlight deflectors, be arranged at above this support underframe is arranged at this sunlight deflectors periphery, and one is arranged at heat accumulator above this sunlight deflectors, this heat accumulator offers a side opening and a through hole, and a temperature sensor provided thereon, this fixed support is connected with this heat accumulator;
One inlet unit, it comprises a water inlet pipe, and one is located at flow director above this water inlet pipe, and one end of this water inlet pipe is connected with this side opening of this heat accumulator; And
One condensing unit, it comprises a generating tube is connected this generating tube aqua storage tank with one, one end of this generating tube is connected with the through hole of this heat accumulator, when this heat accumulator temperature rises higher, when vaporator rate accelerates, this temperature sensor can feed back a signal to this flow director, the water yield flowing through this flow director is increased, relatively, when this heat accumulator temperature declines, when vaporator rate is slack-off, this temperature sensor can feed back a signal to this flow director, make the discharge reduction flowing through this flow director, allow the temperature that this heat accumulator keeps certain, and improve vaporization efficiency.
2. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this condensing unit has more the condenser being located at this upper part of evaporating.
3. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the surface of this sunlight deflectors is provided with more than one focusing lens.
4. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the rear of this sunlight deflectors is more provided with one and is arranged at slide teeth wheels on this support underframe, this support underframe has the axle of a rotation, this sunlight deflectors is moved reciprocatingly between one first sliding position and one second sliding position by these slide teeth wheels, being slided and the rotation coordinating this axle between first and second sliding position by this sunlight deflectors, carries out sliding and rotates in the direction that this sunlight deflectors followed by sunlight.
5. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, this support underframe has one can 360 degree of axles of rotating.
6. the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as described in claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that, this reflector element has more automatically controlled a group of being arranged on this support underframe, this automatically controlled group start that can control these slide teeth wheels and this axle.
7. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, this focusing lens adjusts its reflection angle by this automatically controlled group.
8. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this heat accumulator has more a body, and one is arranged on this body in order to open and close uncapping of this body.
CN201310063166.3A 2013-02-28 2013-02-28 Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus Active CN104016431B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107364914A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-11-21 方立波 Sea water distillation plant
CN107540037A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-01-05 曾媚 Solar energy distillation device

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CN201082868Y (en) * 2007-08-02 2008-07-09 曹青山 Sea water desalting device
CN101503228A (en) * 2009-03-13 2009-08-12 上海海事大学 Win-win type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus for LNG ship and seawater desalination method thereof
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CN203229397U (en) * 2013-02-28 2013-10-09 刘文晏 Solar seawater desalting device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201082868Y (en) * 2007-08-02 2008-07-09 曹青山 Sea water desalting device
CN101503228A (en) * 2009-03-13 2009-08-12 上海海事大学 Win-win type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus for LNG ship and seawater desalination method thereof
KR20120056769A (en) * 2010-11-25 2012-06-04 김충현 Apparatus for desalination and water purification harnessing solar thermal energy
CN102887556A (en) * 2012-03-06 2013-01-23 吴宣湖 Solar seawater desalinization machine, water distillator and solar boiler
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