CN104014792B - The method using discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten electric contact material - Google Patents
The method using discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten electric contact material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104014792B CN104014792B CN201410278011.6A CN201410278011A CN104014792B CN 104014792 B CN104014792 B CN 104014792B CN 201410278011 A CN201410278011 A CN 201410278011A CN 104014792 B CN104014792 B CN 104014792B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sintering
- copper
- powder
- tungsten
- discharge plasma
- Prior art date
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 210000002381 Plasma Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [W].[Cu] Chemical compound 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Q2IEwgMjg4LjkzMywxMTYuNTQ2IFonIHN0eWxlPSdmaWxsOiMwMDAwMDA7ZmlsbC1ydWxlOmV2ZW5vZGQ7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5PTE7c3Ryb2tlOiMwMDAwMDA7c3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoOjhweDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWNhcDpidXR0O3N0cm9rZS1saW5lam9pbjptaXRlcjtzdHJva2Utb3BhY2l0eToxOycgLz4KPC9zdmc+Cg== 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4yOTI4LDI3LjYyOSBaJyBzdHlsZT0nZmlsbDojMDAwMDAwO2ZpbGwtcnVsZTpldmVub2RkO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0xO3N0cm9rZTojMDAwMDAwO3N0cm9rZS13aWR0aDoycHg7c3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVjYXA6YnV0dDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWpvaW46bWl0ZXI7c3Ryb2tlLW9wYWNpdHk6MTsnIC8+Cjwvc3ZnPgo= [W].[Cu] SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 13
- 239000000843 powders Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002131 composite materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound 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[W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241001081830 Degeneriaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000678 plasma activation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 copper tungsten Chemical compound 0.000 description 28
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001080 W alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation methods Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001272 pressureless sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035485 pulse pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The open method using discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten electric contact material of the present invention, the method is that tungsten powder, copper powder are configured to copper tungsten composite powder, puts in graphite jig；Graphite jig is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, copper tungsten composite powder is applied the pressure of 20 60MPa, sintering furnace is passed through noble gas or evacuation, sintering temperature is 900 1200 DEG C, it is incubated 5 25min, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, prepare copper tungsten electric contact material.Compared with traditional sintering process, discharge plasma sintering method is to incorporate hot pressing, plasma activation and resistance to be heated to be the sintering technology of one, thus have that programming rate is fast, sintering time is short and the crystal grain feature such as uniformly, be conducive to controlling the fine structure of sintered body, thus the material density obtained is high and performance is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of material, a kind of method particularly relating to discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten alloy electric contact material.
Background technology
Along with China's transferring electricity from the west to the east, north and south supplies mutually, the electrical network of trans-regional networking is persistently built, China's high voltage power transmission and transforming network load increases day by day, power system capacity constantly increases, and uses extra-high voltage, Large Copacity long distance power transmission to become the major trend of the energy-conservation transmission of electricity of China for this.For the critical piece electrical contact of power system, W-Cu system contact material has the excellent properties such as good resistance to arc erosion, resistance fusion welding and high intensity because of it and is widely used on various chopper, vacuum load switch and transformator permutator.But owing to tungsten and copper product are a kind of typical pseudo-alloies, both are immiscible, and both fusing point differences are bigger, therefore, using conventional sintering preparation method to be difficult to obtain higher density (relative density ＜ 97%), heat-conductivity conducting, arc resistant ablation property and the mechanical property etc. of material are had a negative impact by this, and sintering time is the longest, energy consumption is big, and mostly uses sintering aid.
Summary of the invention
The method that it is an object of the invention to provide the discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten electric contact material of a kind of high-quality and efficient, low consumption low cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The method using discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten electric contact material, described method specifically includes following steps:
1) tungsten powder, copper powder are configured to copper tungsten composite powder, put in graphite jig；In described copper tungsten composite powder, tungsten powder and copper powder content in mass ratio is respectively as follows: tungsten powder 70-80%, and remaining is copper powder；
2) graphite jig is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, copper tungsten composite powder is applied the pressure of 20-60MPa, sintering furnace is passed through noble gas or evacuation, sintering temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, insulation 5-25min, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, prepares copper tungsten electric contact material.
The purity of described tungsten powder and copper powder is all higher than 99.5%.
Described step 2) in, sintering temperature is to be warming up to 900-1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 100-300 DEG C/min.
Described step 2) in, in sintering furnace during evacuation, it is evacuated to vacuum less than 10-1pa。
The present invention uses above technical scheme, compared with traditional sintering process, discharge plasma sintering method is to incorporate hot pressing, plasma activation and resistance to be heated to be the sintering technology of one, thus (sintering time can shorten to a few minutes to have that programming rate is fast, sintering time is short, and in the traditional method preparing copper-tungsten electrical contact, such as hot pressing and pressureless sintering method, sintering time then needs several hours even tens hours) and the crystal grain feature such as uniformly, be conducive to controlling the fine structure of sintered body, thus the material density obtained is high and performance is good.Discharge plasma sintering method utilizes pulse energy, discharge pulse pressure and joule thermogenetic TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE field to realize sintering process, prepares significant for realizing material high-quality and efficient, low consumption low cost.Secondly, the present invention without compressing and without adding any sintering aid, thus can enormously simplify the preparation technology flow process of material during preparing high-performance copper tungsten alloy electrical contact.
Detailed description of the invention
The method using discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten electric contact material, described method specifically includes following steps:
1) tungsten powder, copper powder are configured to copper tungsten composite powder, put in graphite jig；In described copper tungsten composite powder, tungsten powder and copper powder content in mass ratio is respectively as follows: tungsten powder 70-80%, and remaining is copper powder；
2) graphite jig is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, copper tungsten composite powder is applied the pressure of 20-60MPa, sintering furnace is passed through noble gas or evacuation, sintering temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, insulation 5-25min, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, prepares copper tungsten electric contact material.
The purity of described tungsten powder and copper powder is all higher than 99.5%.
Described step 2) in, sintering temperature is to be warming up to 900-1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 100-300 DEG C/min.
Described step 2) in, in sintering furnace during evacuation, it is evacuated to vacuum less than 10-1pa。
Embodiment 1
Quality is configured to copper tungsten composite powder than the tungsten powder that content is 70%, the copper powder of 30%, puts in graphite jig.Being put into by graphite jig in discharge plasma sintering stove, copper tungsten composite powder applies the pressure of 60MPa, evacuation in sintering furnace, vacuum is less than 10-1Under conditions of Pa, it is warming up to 900 DEG C with the heating rate of 300 DEG C/min, is incubated 25min, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, prepare copper tungsten electric contact material.
The performance that embodiment 1 prepares copper tungsten electric contact material is as follows:
Consistency: 99%；
Electrical conductivity: 4.7 μ Ω .cm；
Hardness (HB): 242.
Embodiment 2
Quality is configured to copper tungsten composite powder than the tungsten powder that content is 80%, the copper powder of 20%, puts in graphite jig.Being put into by graphite jig in discharge plasma sintering stove, copper tungsten composite powder applies the pressure of 20MPa, evacuation in sintering furnace, vacuum is less than 10-1Under conditions of Pa, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 100 DEG C/min, is incubated 5min, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, prepare copper tungsten electric contact material.
The performance that embodiment 2 prepares copper tungsten electric contact material is as follows:
Consistency: 97%；
Electrical conductivity: 4.3 μ Ω .cm；
Hardness (HB): 262.
Embodiment 3
Quality is configured to copper tungsten composite powder than the tungsten powder that content is 75%, the copper powder of 25%, puts in graphite jig.Graphite jig is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, copper tungsten composite powder is applied the pressure of 40MPa, sintering furnace is passed through noble gas, it is warming up to 1100 DEG C with the heating rate of 200 DEG C/min, insulation 15min, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, prepares copper tungsten electric contact material.
The performance that embodiment 3 prepares copper tungsten electric contact material is as follows:
Consistency: 98.5%；
Electrical conductivity: 4.6 μ Ω .cm；
Hardness (HB): 256.
The consistency of copper-tungsten electric contact material is measured by Archimedes method, and the electrical conductivity of material is measured by FQR7501A type eddy current device, and the hardness of material is measured by HB-3000B type Brinell hardness tester.
Claims (4)
1. the method using discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten electric contact material, it is characterised in that: described method specifically includes following steps:
1) tungsten powder, copper powder are configured to copper tungsten composite powder, put in graphite jig；In described copper tungsten composite powder, tungsten powder and copper powder content in mass ratio is respectively as follows: tungsten powder 70-80%, and remaining is copper powder；
2) graphite jig is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, copper tungsten composite powder is applied the pressure of 20-60MPa, sintering furnace is passed through noble gas or evacuation, sintering temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, insulation 5-25min, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, prepares copper tungsten electric contact material.
The method of employing discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten electric contact material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the purity of described tungsten powder and copper powder is all higher than 99.5%.
The method of employing discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten electric contact material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step 2) in, sintering temperature is to be warming up to 900-1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 100-300 DEG C/min.
The method of employing discharge plasma sintering high-performance copper tungsten electric contact material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step 2) in, in sintering furnace during evacuation, it is evacuated to vacuum less than 10-1pa。
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| CN105108156A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing TiAl/Ti alloy laminated composite board through powder metallurgy |
| CN105256159B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2018-05-29 | 清华大学 | A kind of tungsten-copper composite material and its application |
| CN106011510B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-02 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | The preparation method of copper tungsten contact material |
| CN106180653B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-01-12 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | The method that discharge plasma sintering prepares copper tungsten contact material |
| CN106191511B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-01-09 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | The preparation method of copper-chromium contact material |
| CN106180654B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-01-12 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | The method that discharge plasma sintering prepares infiltration copper-chromium contact material |
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| CN101698909A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-04-28 | 北京工业大学 | Method for preparing molybdenum-copper alloy |
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| CN101698909A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-04-28 | 北京工业大学 | Method for preparing molybdenum-copper alloy |
| CN101942591A (en) * | 2010-07-31 | 2011-01-12 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for fast preparing molybdenum-copper alloy |
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