CN104014240A - Processing method for malodorous gas of storage tank - Google Patents
Processing method for malodorous gas of storage tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN104014240A CN104014240A CN201410212408.5A CN201410212408A CN104014240A CN 104014240 A CN104014240 A CN 104014240A CN 201410212408 A CN201410212408 A CN 201410212408A CN 104014240 A CN104014240 A CN 104014240A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing method for malodorous gas of a storage tank. The processing method comprises the following steps of (1) maintaining pressure in the storage tank in a micro-positive pressure state by adopting a nitrogen sealed system and a water sealed system; (2) carrying out chemical absorption: when the pressure in the storage tank increases gradually and is higher than a preset pressure value of the water sealed system, the malodorous gas escapes from the water sealed system and enters an absorption tank, and chemical absorption is carried out in the absorption tank; and (3) discharging the purified gas after absorption into the air. The method described by the invention is in no need of any mobile equipment, has the advantages of simple flow and high processing efficiency, can be used for purification treatment of sulfide and mixed gas of sulfide and hydrocarbon which are produced in various production processes, is particularly suitable for purification treatment of the malodorous gas of storage tanks such as processing devices, slop oil tanks, sulfur-containing waste water tanks and crude gasoline tanks of oil refining enterprises.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to foul gas and administer field, relate in particular to a kind of sulfur-bearing of Petroleum Storage Tank discharge, containing the processing method of the foul gas of ammonia etc.
Background technology
Oil plant containing various storage tanks as sour water tank, oil product pans etc. be that important foul gas distributes source, in the foul gas distributing, contain the pollutants such as the volatile hydrocarbon of higher concentration, a small amount of hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfur compound, ammonia, worker's long term activity of earthquake is in the environment being polluted by these materials, may cause the diseases such as respiratory system, digestive system, reproductive system, also may cause body disease and carcinogenic; When seriously polluted, also can make the acute poisoning symptoms such as people produces dizziness, larynx pain, feels sick, vomiting.
These waste gas components are complicated, not only cause surrounding enviroment odor pollution, health is threatened, and cause huge hydrocarbon loss.Therefore the improvement of this class waste gas is also more and more urgent.
Traditional exhaust gas treatment method can be realized preliminary improvement as absorption method, burning method, Production by Catalytic Combustion Process, condensation method, absorption process etc., but the economy for the treatment of effect or scheme is not bery desirable.Existing absorption method adsorbent used exists potential safety hazard, and the spontaneous combustion problem as adsorbent causes, similar incidents occurred in actual applications.There is high, the less economical shortcoming of energy consumption in burning method.Although Production by Catalytic Combustion Process Energy Intensity Reduction, waste gas component is complicated, and catalyst easy poison deactivation, particularly sulfide are the toxicants of most catalyst for catalytic combustion.Condensation method and absorption process only can be removed the part component in this type of waste gas, generally can not reach discharge standard.
As Chinese invention patent CN200710069125.X discloses a kind of heavy slop tank stench exhaust gas treating method, the stench tail gas that heavy sump oil pipeline blowing up sweeping device is come is first cooled to 96～100 ℃ with air cooler, send heavy slop tank to store, from heavy slop tank, draw gas, send into again condenser cooling, control temperature below 50 ℃, tail gas is absorbed to deodorizing with absorbent in absorption tower to be processed, in venturi-type eductors, with absorbent, carry out deodorizing processing again, promote power, finally, by blow-down pipe by the exhaust emissions after processing.The method is purifying exhaust air medium sulphide content effectively, but hydro carbons in waste gas is not purified, and in addition, after long time running, organic sulfur compound purification efficiency reduces comparatively obvious, and absorbent is changed frequent.
CN03254729.3 discloses a kind of oil-gas recovery method, and waste gas is first through adsorption tower absorption, and the waste gas that adsorbent desorbs enters diesel oil absorption tower and absorbs.The waste gas at top, absorption tower enters adsorption tower absorption, and the method is processed oil gas can reach higher oil gas recovery rate, but dense owing to entering adsorption tower hydro carbons, causes adsorbent poor stability, and regeneration is frequent, thereby affects the service life of equipment.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of processing method of simple in structure, energy consumption is low, disposal ability is strong storage tank foul gas.
Described method comprises the steps:
(1) adopt nitrogen envelope system and seal water system to maintain tank inner pressure in slight positive pressure state: pressure of storage tank is during lower than setting value, and nitrogen envelope valve is opened, and nitrogen envelope system is supplemented nitrogen; When tank inner pressure reaches setting value, nitrogen envelope valve cuts out, and nitrogen envelope system stops for nitrogen;
(2) chemisorbed: when tank inner pressure raise gradually and higher than seal water system, set force value time, foul gas is overflowed and is entered adsorption tanks by seal water system, active carbon is housed in adsorption tanks, foul gas is carried out to chemisorbed, in adsorption process, the required moisture content of adsorbent is provided by seal water system, controls flow input instrument wind, for charcoal absorption environment provides certain oxygen content on the gas gathering line of adsorption tanks by needle valve simultaneously;
(3) purified gas after absorption enters in air.
Preferably, the pressure limit of the described slight positive pressure state of step (1) is 0.8kpa-1.2kpa.
The foul gas processing unit of realizing above-mentioned technical process comprises nitrogen envelope system, seal water system and adsorption tanks, tank deck at storage tank is installed a cross valve, be respectively used to connect the breather valve of nitrogen envelope system, seal water system and storage tank, one end of seal water system is connected with storage tank, and the other end is connected with adsorption tanks.
Concrete adsorption process is:
(1) for reducing the volatilizations such as storage tank foul gas, storage tank is provided with nitrogen envelope system and seal water system, by nitrogen, seal system and seal water system maintains pressure of storage tank in pressure-fired scope (this pressure-fired scope is probably between 0.8kpa-1.2kpa), thereby suppress foul gas volatilization, tank inner pressure is lower than when setting value, nitrogen envelope system is filled with nitrogen raises tank inner pressure gradually, and when pressure of storage tank is increased to normal value, nitrogen system stops for nitrogen;
(2) in the little respiratory of storage tank, foul gas slowly volatilizees, tank inner pressure raises and during higher than seal water system setup pressure value gradually, by seal water system, enter after being purified by charcoal absorption in adsorption tanks and enter in atmosphere, thereby reach the effect that reduces pressure of storage tank purifying exhaust gas;
(3) in the large respiratory of storage tank, foul gas mainly enters in adsorption tanks by seal water system, is adsorbed charcoal absorption in tank and enters in atmosphere after purifying, if pressure approaches tank designs pressure, for guaranteeing storage tank safety, in storage tank, gas is discharged by breather valve.
In the above-mentioned course of work, if it is identical to store material in different storage tank, the nitrogen envelope system of a plurality of storage tanks is by spark arrester connection, thus the waste of minimizing nitrogen.
In adsorption tanks, be equipped with H
2s, the active carbon of the better adsorption functions of foul gas such as thioether, mercaptan and other sulfide.This charcoal absorption foul gas is chemical reaction.
When chemical reaction is carried out in activated carbon surface absorption, need certain humidity and oxygen content, thereby further sulfide is decomposed into elemental sulfur or other materials.Required oxygen content needs H to be processed for being at least
2four times of S gas content, and the larger adsorption effect of humidity is better, so water seal effect not only suppressed the discharge of foul gas, and the form by bubbling is for charcoal absorption provides certain humidity, makes its adsorption effect performance better.On gas gathering line, by needle valve, control flow input instrument wind, for charcoal absorption environment provides certain oxygen content, the active carbon that makes its adsorption effect reach every cubic centimetre can absorb 0.2gH simultaneously
2s gas, and extend the active carbon replacement cycle.
Self-supporting temperature control control valve is equipped with in adsorption tanks import, and teletransmission thermometer inserts in charcoal canister, by electric current, imports control valve into, controls and realizes control valve switching, if adsorption tanks excess Temperature should be closed control valve in time through control valve PID.
In sum, this storage tank foul gas improvement method has the following advantages:
(1) processing procedure does not need complex control equipment and electric elements, and simultaneously without any need for moving equipment, simple in structure, energy consumption is low;
(2) water seal effect has not only suppressed the discharge of foul gas, and the chemisorbed that the form by bubbling is active carbon provides certain humidity, has further improved adsorption effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of storage tank foul gas processing unit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of seal water system of the present invention.
Label declaration:
1-breather valve; 2-breather valve; 3-spark arrester; The on-the-spot micromanometer of 4-;
5-seal water system; 6-needle valve; 7-import thief hatch; 8-self-supporting temperature control control valve;
9-scene temperature table; 10-adsorption tanks; 11-exports thief hatch; 12-back-fire relief cap; 13-nitrogen envelope valve;
51-air inlet pipeline; 52-outlet pipe; 53-float; 54-U type discharger;
55-plug; 56-scavenge port; 57-filling pipe.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, storage tank seals system held internal pressure in slight positive pressure state by nitrogen, thereby suppresses foul gas volatilization.In the interior gas Big and Small Breath situation of storage tank, along with foul gas constantly volatilizees, tank inner pressure raises gradually, while surpassing the controlled pressure of seal water system 5, moistening foul gas by water seal enters absorbent charcoal adsorption tank 10, instrument wind enters gas gathering line by needle valve 6 simultaneously, thereby for active carbon in adsorption tanks provides certain humidity and oxygen content, has improved the absorption property of active carbon.
When tank inner pressure is elevated to breather valve 1, breather valve 2 expiration opening pressure, in storage tank, gas is by breather valve 1,2 Exhaust Gas; When gas pressure reduces to breather valve 1, the air-breathing opening pressure value of breather valve 2 in storage tank, by breather valve, to tank inside, supplement air; For increasing the safety of system, be necessary to increase spark arrester 3 between adsorption tanks and storage tank; Can check that whether storage tank gas gathering line force value is normal by on-the-spot micromanometer 4 simultaneously; When in adsorption tanks, temperature reaches setting value, 8, self-supporting temperature control control valve cuts out automatically, make foul gas can further not enter adsorption tanks, thereby the possibility of avoiding adsorption tanks to catch fire also can be observed according to on-the-spot displays temperature meter the temperature rise situation of adsorption tanks simultaneously.
Water seal just can realize automatic water supplement and automatic drainage function by simple mechanical action, and as shown in Figure 2, float 53 is done movement in vertical direction with 55 of water inlet plugs, and all can in lever 58, slide.When in seal water system water tank, water level reduces, float 53 is vertical to decline and realizes lever 55 motion that rotates by the slip at lever 58 and drive plug 55 to rise, thereby realizes water supplement function; When water level recovers normal, float 53 rises to normal position, and plug 55 declines and blocks water inlet 57, and unnecessary water overflows by U-shaped overflow pipe 54 simultaneously.When overflowing water when more, can discharge superfluous waters by scavenge port 56.
Embodiment 1
Tidal air to the sour water tank of certain Petrochemical Enterprises carries out sampling analysis: sulfide hydrogen 1000mg/m
3, methyl mercaptan 200mg/m
3, methyl disulfide 50mg/m
3, hydro carbons 10v%.
Tank designs pressure is 2kPa, and when tank inner pressure is during lower than 0.8kPa, nitrogen envelope system is supplemented nitrogen in storage tank, during higher than 1.1kPa, and nitrogen envelope system stop supplies nitrogen; Seal water system is postponed and is entered below water receiver water level 12cm to storage tank below by gas gathering line, thereby make foul gas reach 1.2kPa by the need of seal water system, breather valve expiration opening pressure is 1.8kPa, in storage tank, gas pressure is when 1.2kPa-1.8kPa, and foul gas enters in atmosphere after absorbing by seal water system, adsorption tanks.
In this embodiment, in adsorption tanks, be equipped with H
2the active carbon of the better adsorption functions of foul gas such as S, thioether, mercaptan and other sulfide.This charcoal absorption foul gas is chemical reaction, when chemical reaction is carried out in activated carbon surface absorption, needs certain humidity and oxygen content, thereby further sulfide is decomposed into elemental sulfur or other materials.Required oxygen content is for processing H
2at least 4 times of S gas contents, and the larger adsorption effect of humidity is better, so water seal effect not only suppressed the discharge of foul gas, and the form by bubbling is for charcoal absorption provides certain humidity, makes its adsorption effect performance better.On gas gathering line, by needle valve, control flow input instrument wind, for charcoal absorption environment provides certain oxygen content, the active carbon that makes its adsorption effect reach every cubic centimetre can absorb 0.2gH simultaneously
2s gas, and extend the active carbon replacement cycle.
Meanwhile, self-supporting temperature control control valve is equipped with in adsorption tanks import, and teletransmission thermometer inserts in charcoal canister, by 4-20mA electric current, imports control valve into, through control valve PID, controls and realizes control valve switching.
After testing, hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan purifying rate 100% in the tail gas that adsorption tanks are discharged, methyl disulfide purifying rate 99%, the hydro carbons rate of recovery 97%.Exhaust emissions speed all meets Purge gas and meets existing discharging standards.
In above-mentioned processing procedure, if gas pressure is greater than 1.8kPa in storage tank, by breather valve, enter in atmosphere, in the situation that nitrogen envelope system need be overhauled or break down simultaneously, breather valve plays a protective role for storage tank.
The invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, those skilled in the art make for any apparent improvement of above-mentioned embodiment or change, can not exceed the protection domain of design of the present invention and claims.
Claims (2)
1. a processing method for storage tank foul gas, comprises the steps:
(1) adopt nitrogen envelope system and seal water system to maintain tank inner pressure in slight positive pressure state: pressure of storage tank is during lower than setting value, and nitrogen envelope valve is opened, and nitrogen envelope system is supplemented nitrogen; When tank inner pressure reaches setting value, nitrogen envelope valve cuts out, and nitrogen envelope system stops for nitrogen;
(2) chemisorbed: when tank inner pressure raise gradually and higher than seal water system, set force value time, foul gas is overflowed and is entered adsorption tanks by seal water system, active carbon is housed in adsorption tanks, foul gas is carried out to chemisorbed, in adsorption process, the required moisture content of adsorbent is provided by seal water system, controls flow input instrument wind, for charcoal absorption environment provides certain oxygen content on the gas gathering line of adsorption tanks by needle valve simultaneously;
(3) purified gas after absorption enters in air.
2. the processing method of a kind of storage tank foul gas according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pressure limit of the described slight positive pressure state of step (1) is 0.8kpa-1.2kpa.
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| CN201410212408.5A CN104014240A (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2014-05-20 | Processing method for malodorous gas of storage tank |
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| CN201410212408.5A CN104014240A (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2014-05-20 | Processing method for malodorous gas of storage tank |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN108114573A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-06-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The collection and purification recovery system and method for a kind of tank area head space gas |
| CN111522370A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 攀钢集团西昌钢钒有限公司 | Tank constant pressure control system |
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Address after: Yanan City, Shandong province Qingdao City three road 266071 No. 218 Applicant after: Sinopec Corp. Applicant after: Qingdao Safety Engineering Research Institute of Sinopec Co., Ltd. Address before: 100728 Chaoyangmen street, Beijing, No. 22, No. Applicant before: Sinopec Corp. Applicant before: Qingdao Safety Engineering Research Institute of Sinopec Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20140903 |