CN104006033A - Powerful and mechanical automatic-locking hydraulic cylinder - Google Patents
Powerful and mechanical automatic-locking hydraulic cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN104006033A CN104006033A CN201410196820.2A CN201410196820A CN104006033A CN 104006033 A CN104006033 A CN 104006033A CN 201410196820 A CN201410196820 A CN 201410196820A CN 104006033 A CN104006033 A CN 104006033A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a powerful and mechanical automatic-locking hydraulic cylinder, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic cylinders. The two ends of a cylinder barrel are sealed by a cylinder cover and a cylinder bottom respectively. A guiding column of the cylinder cover is sleeved with a spring. The spring is sleeved with a brake block. The two ends of the spring abut against the cylinder cover and the brake block respectively. The outer circumferential face of the large diameter of the brake block is in sealing fit with the inner circumferential face of the cylinder cover. The end face of the end, with a large-diameter hole, of a locking block abuts against the end face of the step of an inner hole of the cylinder barrel, and the other end face of the locking block abuts against the end face, located at the portion of the cylinder barrel, of the cylinder cover. After a steel ball is put into a steel ball installation hole of a piston, the steel ball installation hole of the piston is matched with an inner hole of the cylinder barrel, and an annular groove of the piston corresponds to a rodless cavity oil port in the cylinder barrel. One end of a piston rod is fixed to a piston rod installation hole of the piston, and the other end of the piston rod penetrates through the cylinder bottom to be located outside the cylinder barrel. According to the powerful and mechanical automatic-locking hydraulic cylinder, the requirement for automatic locking after the piston rod is completely retracted can be met, and the locking state can be kept for a long time under the situation that pressure relief of a hydraulic system is completed or leakage happens until unlocking is actively achieved.
Description
Technical field
Invention relates to a kind of oil hydraulic cylinder, is specifically related to a kind of mechanical self-locking hydraulic cylinder, belongs to oil hydraulic cylinder technical field.
Background technique
Self-locking hydraulic cylinder has demand widely at present in military and aviation, also has wilderness demand at engineering field as metallurgical, launching and recovering equipment.At numerous mechanical fields such as metallurgy, collieries, hydraulic unit, in order to make the workpiece can be in the time quitting work, prevents from being subjected to displacement under external force or deadweight (oil hydraulic cylinder stands up) effect, need to be by hydraulic locking cylinder.
Oil hydraulic cylinder is mainly to rely on the mode of shutoff pressure oil to carry out locked hydraulic cylinder at present, easily reveals, and occurs " underbalance effect " and " soft leg phenomenon ", although there are a lot of improved products, does not tackle the problem at its root.Hydraulic lock is in the time remaining on certain position for a long time, and due to problems such as pressure oil leakages, precision does not often reach requirement, and in the time there is oil path failure, precision and reliability just can not get ensureing; Hydraulic lock often all needs multiple auxiliary elements such as one-way valve, selector valve to coordinate to realize locking loop, and the use of these elements takes up room greatly whole device, and meanwhile, oil circuit increases the problem of bringing easy leakage and inconvenient maintenance to oil hydraulic cylinder.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of powerful mechanical self-locking hydraulic cylinder, can meet the requirement of auto lock after piston rod is all retracted, and can or occur to maintain the lock status for a long time the in the situation that of leakage after hydraulic system pressure release, until initiatively release.
A kind of powerful mechanical self-locking hydraulic cylinder, comprises cylinder cap, gas charging valve, brake slipper, spring, clamping block, steel ball, piston, cylinder barrel, cylinder bottom, piston rod and screw;
Wherein, one end of cylinder cap is provided with coaxial annular groove and directional post, and the outer peripheral surface of cylinder cap is provided with gas charging valve and communicates with annular groove;
Center hole on brake slipper is step blind hole, the directional post Spielpassung of the reduced diameter section of step blind hole and cylinder cap, between the enlarged diameter section of step blind hole and the directional post of cylinder cap, form the installing space of spring, the outer peripheral surface of brake slipper is made up of two different circumferential surfacies of diameter, transition plane between two circumferential surfacies forms limit dais terrace, and small-diameter circular side face one end chamfering forms a conical surface;
Clamping block is hollow ring structure, and its endoporus is step through-hole, is processed with circumferential cambered surface draw-in groove on large diameter step hole inwall;
The center hole of piston is step through-hole, minor diameter through hole is piston rod mounting hole, the reduced diameter section of major diameter counterbore and brake slipper is Spielpassung, on piston, on the wall thickness of corresponding major diameter counterbore part, process steel ball mounting hole, steel ball mounting hole is along circumferentially distributing, and this mounting hole is cone shape hole, outside the large and small end of cone shape hole lays respectively at, on inner peripheral surface, steel ball packs into from the large end of cone shape hole, and small end restriction steel ball is deviate from cone shape hole; On the outer peripheral surface of piston, process circumferential annular groove one, the bottom surface of groove is provided with the oil circuit connecting with major diameter counterbore bottom surface;
Cylinder barrel is open circles column sleeve, on its circumferential surface, is respectively equipped with rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port and rod chamber hydraulic fluid port communicates with inner chamber along axial direction, and the endoporus of cylinder barrel is step hole, and step end face is presented axially between the end face and rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port of cylinder barrel;
Its integrated connection closes: the two ends of cylinder barrel are sealed by cylinder cap and cylinder bottom respectively, and spring housing is contained on the directional post of cylinder cap, and brake slipper is sleeved on outside spring, conflicts with the step surface of cylinder cap annular groove bottom surface and brake slipper step blind hole respectively in the two ends of spring; The major diameter outer peripheral surface of brake slipper and the inner peripheral surface of cylinder cap are sealed and matched, on clamping block, the end face of large diameter hole one end and the step end face of inner hole of cylinder are conflicted, the other end of clamping block and cylinder cap are positioned at the end face of cylinder barrel part and conflict, after packing steel ball in the steel ball mounting hole of piston into, match with inner hole of cylinder, the rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port on the corresponding cylinder barrel of annular groove of piston; One end of piston rod is fixed in the piston rod mounting hole of piston, and the other end is positioned at outside cylinder barrel through cylinder bottom; Cavity between cylinder barrel inner carrier and cylinder bottom end face is rod chamber, the cavity forming between the end face of brake slipper, the major diameter step hole inwall of clamping block and piston major diameter counterbore inwall is rodless cavity, and the cavity forming between brake slipper and cylinder cap inner side surface is atmospheric pressure cavity.
Seal ring is all housed on the sealing surface between all parts.
Working procedure: in the time of off working state, in atmospheric pressure cavity, be filled with compressed nitrogen by gas charging valve, make to produce air pressure in atmospheric pressure cavity, can promote brake slipper and move to cylinder bottom direction, due to the compressibility of gas, brake slipper can also move to cylinder cap direction under external force; Spring has same effect, and it has played reinforing function in the effect of brake shoe force.
While locking work: add oil pressure by rod chamber hydraulic fluid port in rod chamber, oil pressure promotes piston rod and retracts in cylinder barrel, in retraction process, piston enters together with steel ball in the annular chamber of brake slipper and clamping block formation, after while piston contacts with brake slipper with steel ball, promoting brake slipper moves to cylinder cap direction, until steel ball enters in the annular slot of clamping block, then under the pressure-acting of brake slipper pressurized gas and spring in atmospheric pressure cavity, move to cylinder bottom direction the constraint that is subject to clamping block, now, the outer peripheral surface of brake slipper reduced diameter section is limited in steel ball in the annular slot of clamping block after coordinating with the major diameter counterbore of piston, oil cylinder is by mechanical caging, even rod chamber and rodless cavity two ends venting oil pressure, oil hydraulic cylinder also can keep lock state until release.
While carrying out release work: add oil pressure by rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port in rodless cavity, brake slipper moves to cylinder cap direction at oil pressure effect lower compression spring, steel ball on piston loses brake slipper limitation ot it, steel ball falls and departs from from the annular slot of clamping block along taper-bored spindle under piston driving, completes release action.
Beneficial effect:
1, the present invention in the time of full reduced time of oil hydraulic cylinder with after the locked piston of locking steelball, even if the complete pressure release of oil hydraulic cylinder relies on steel ball also can realize the secure lock to piston rod; While needing release to stretch out piston rod, only need to pass into hydraulic oil toward rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port.In this oil hydraulic cylinder, be provided with mode that spring combines with compressed nitrogen as locking mechanism parts, compared with prior art, coupling mechanism force of the present invention obviously increases, and can provide larger coupling mechanism force with less oil hydraulic cylinder dimensional space.
2, atmospheric pressure cavity internal air pressure can ensure that brake slipper keeps ejection state, has ensured that oil hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity after locking must reach certain pressure ability release, has avoided the misunderstanding lock causing because rodless cavity has back pressure.
3, the initial pressure that the present invention needs in the time of release and locking can be realized by adjustable pressure cavity pressure, makes operation and controls simple and feasible.
4, piston structure of the present invention is opened hydraulic fluid port on cylindrical, and communicates with piston left side hydraulic fluid port.This structure can ensure that oil hydraulic cylinder is after all retracting and locking, and carries out in the process of unlocking operation leading to oil toward rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port, and the hydraulic oil of rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port can be arrived fast rodless cavity and be carried out release action by this fluid path.
5, steel ball of the present invention is arranged in the spacing hole of piston annular cylindrical, and it is spacing to utilize inner hole of cylinder to carry out, and prevents that steel ball from departing from piston.In this installation form, steel ball is installed simply, and the difficulty of processing in piston upper limit hole is little.
6, atmospheric pressure cavity of the present invention, by the ground inflation of gas charging valve energy simple and effective, coordinates the effect of spring, can adopt less bulk, exports larger active force, and has larger fatigue strength and reliability, easy-maintenance.
7, brake slipper seal ring two ends atmospheric pressure cavity of the present invention and rodless cavity can maintain roughly balance of pressure, prevent the mutual seepage of gas-liquid.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention (released state);
Fig. 2 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention (lock state);
Fig. 3 is quick path schematic diagram in piston of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-cylinder cap, 2-gas charging valve, 3-brake slipper, 4-spring, 5-clamping block, 6-rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port, 7-steel ball, 8-piston, 9-cylinder barrel, 10-rod chamber hydraulic fluid port, 11-cylinder bottom, 12-piston rod, 13-screw, 14-rod chamber, 15-rodless cavity, 16-atmospheric pressure cavity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing embodiment that develops simultaneously, describe the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of powerful mechanical self-locking hydraulic cylinder, comprise cylinder cap 1, gas charging valve 2, brake slipper 3, spring 4, clamping block 5, steel ball 7, piston 8, cylinder barrel 9, cylinder bottom 11, piston rod 12 and screw 13;
Wherein, one end of cylinder cap 1 is provided with coaxial annular groove and directional post, and the outer peripheral surface of cylinder cap 1 is provided with gas charging valve 2 and communicates with annular groove;
Center hole on brake slipper 3 is step blind hole, the directional post Spielpassung of the reduced diameter section of step blind hole and cylinder cap 1, between the directional post of the enlarged diameter section of step blind hole and cylinder cap 1, form the installing space of spring 4, the outer peripheral surface of brake slipper 3 is made up of two different circumferential surfacies of diameter, transition plane between two circumferential surfacies forms limit dais terrace, and small-diameter circular side face one end chamfering forms a conical surface;
Clamping block 5 is hollow ring structure, and its endoporus is step through-hole, is processed with circumferential cambered surface draw-in groove on large diameter step hole inwall;
The center hole of piston 8 is step through-hole, minor diameter through hole is piston rod 12 mounting holes, the reduced diameter section of major diameter counterbore and brake slipper 3 is Spielpassung, on piston 8, on the wall thickness of corresponding major diameter counterbore part, process steel ball mounting hole, steel ball mounting hole is along circumferentially distributing, and this mounting hole is cone shape hole, outside the large and small end of cone shape hole lays respectively at, on inner peripheral surface, steel ball packs into from the large end of cone shape hole, and small end restriction steel ball is deviate from cone shape hole; On the outer peripheral surface of piston 8, process circumferential annular groove one, the bottom surface of groove is provided with the oil circuit connecting with major diameter counterbore bottom surface;
Cylinder barrel 9 is open circles column sleeve, on its circumferential surface, is respectively equipped with rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port 6 and rod chamber hydraulic fluid port 10 communicates with inner chamber along axial direction, and the endoporus of cylinder barrel 9 is step hole, and step end face is presented axially between the end face and rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port 6 of cylinder barrel 9;
Its integrated connection closes: the two ends of cylinder barrel 9 are sealed by cylinder cap 1 and cylinder bottom 11 respectively, spring 4 is sleeved on the directional post of cylinder cap 1, brake slipper 3 is sleeved on outside spring 4, conflicts with the step surface of cylinder cap 1 annular groove bottom surface and brake slipper 3 step blind holes respectively in the two ends of spring 4; The major diameter outer peripheral surface of brake slipper 3 and the inner peripheral surface of cylinder cap 1 are sealed and matched, on clamping block 5, the step end face of the end face of large diameter hole one end and cylinder barrel 9 endoporus is conflicted, the other end of clamping block 5 and cylinder cap 1 are positioned at the end face of cylinder barrel 9 parts and conflict, after packing steel ball in the steel ball mounting hole of piston 8 into, match with cylinder barrel 9 endoporus, the rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port 6 on the corresponding cylinder barrel 9 of annular groove of piston 8; One end of piston rod 12 is fixed in piston rod 12 mounting holes of piston 8, and the other end is positioned at outside cylinder barrel 9 through cylinder bottom 11; Cavity between cylinder barrel 9 inner carriers 8 and cylinder bottom 11 end faces is rod chamber 14, the cavity forming between the end face of brake slipper 3, the major diameter step hole inwall of clamping block 5 and piston 8 major diameter counterbore inwalls is rodless cavity 15, and the cavity forming between brake slipper 3 and cylinder cap 1 inner side surface is atmospheric pressure cavity 16.
Seal ring is all housed on the sealing surface between all parts.
Working procedure: in the time of off working state, in atmospheric pressure cavity 16, be filled with compressed nitrogen by gas charging valve 2, make the interior generation air pressure of atmospheric pressure cavity 16, can promote brake slipper 3 to cylinder bottom 11 direction motions, due to the compressibility of gas, brake slipper 3 can also be to cylinder cap 1 direction motion under external force; Spring 4 has same effect, and it has played reinforing function in the effect of brake slipper 3 power.
While locking work: add oil pressure by rod chamber hydraulic fluid port 10 in rod chamber 14, oil pressure promotes piston rod 12 toward the interior retraction of cylinder barrel 9, in retraction process, piston 8 enters in the annular chamber that brake slipper 3 and clamping block 5 form together with steel ball 7, piston 8 promotes brake slipper 3 to cylinder cap 1 direction motion after contacting with brake slipper 3 with steel ball 7 simultaneously, until steel ball 7 enters in the annular slot of clamping block 5, then brake slipper 3 moves to cylinder bottom 11 directions the constraint that is subject to clamping block 5 under the pressure-acting of the interior pressurized gas of atmospheric pressure cavity 16 and spring 4, now, the outer peripheral surface of brake slipper 3 reduced diameter sections is limited in steel ball in the annular slot of clamping block 5 after coordinating with the major diameter counterbore of piston 8, oil cylinder is by mechanical caging, even rod chamber 14 and rodless cavity 15 two ends venting oil pressure, oil cylinder also can keep lock state until release, as shown in Figure 2.
While carrying out release work: add oil pressure by rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port 6 in rodless cavity 15, brake slipper 3 moves to cylinder cap 1 direction at oil pressure effect lower compression spring 4, steel ball on piston 8 loses brake slipper 3 limitation ot it, steel ball 7 falls and departs from from the annular slot of clamping block 5 along taper-bored spindle under piston 8 drives, complete release action, as shown in Figure 1.
Oil hydraulic cylinder cylinder diameter 80mm, piston rod footpath 36mm, working pressure 10MPa, coupling mechanism force is 3 tons, release pressure 3MPa when load, release pressure 1.8MPa when unloaded.
In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a powerful mechanical self-locking hydraulic cylinder, it is characterized in that, comprising: cylinder cap (1), gas charging valve (2), brake slipper (3), spring (4), clamping block (5), steel ball (7), piston (8), cylinder barrel (9), cylinder bottom (11), piston rod (12) and screw (13);
Wherein, one end of cylinder cap (1) is provided with coaxial annular groove and directional post, and the outer peripheral surface of cylinder cap (1) is provided with gas charging valve (2) and communicates with annular groove;
Center hole on brake slipper (3) is step blind hole, the directional post Spielpassung of the reduced diameter section of step blind hole and cylinder cap (1), between the directional post of the enlarged diameter section of step blind hole and cylinder cap (1), form the installing space of spring (4), the outer peripheral surface of brake slipper (3) is made up of two different circumferential surfacies of diameter, and the transition plane between two circumferential surfacies forms limit dais terrace;
Clamping block (5) is hollow ring structure, and its endoporus is step through-hole, is processed with circumferential cambered surface draw-in groove on large diameter step hole inwall;
The center hole of piston (8) is step through-hole, minor diameter through hole is piston rod (12) mounting hole, the reduced diameter section of major diameter counterbore and brake slipper (3) is Spielpassung, on the wall thickness of the upper corresponding major diameter counterbore part of piston (8), process steel ball mounting hole, steel ball mounting hole is along circumferentially distributing, this mounting hole is cone shape hole, and outside the large and small end of cone shape hole lays respectively at, on inner peripheral surface, steel ball (7) packs into from the large end of cone shape hole; On the outer peripheral surface of piston (8), process one circumferential annular groove, the bottom surface of groove is provided with the oil circuit connecting with major diameter counterbore bottom surface;
Cylinder barrel (9) is open circles column sleeve, on its circumferential surface, be respectively equipped with rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port (6) and rod chamber hydraulic fluid port (10) communicates with inner chamber along axial direction, the endoporus of cylinder barrel (9) is step hole, and step end face is presented axially between the end face and rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port (6) of cylinder barrel (9);
Its integrated connection closes: the two ends of cylinder barrel (9) are respectively by cylinder cap (1) and cylinder bottom (11) sealing, spring (4) is sleeved on the directional post of cylinder cap (1), brake slipper 3 is sleeved on outside spring (4), conflicts with the step surface of cylinder cap (1) annular groove bottom surface and brake slipper (3) step blind hole respectively in the two ends of spring (4); The inner peripheral surface of the major diameter outer peripheral surface of brake slipper (3) and cylinder cap (1) is sealed and matched, the end face of the upper large diameter hole of clamping block (5) one end and the step end face of cylinder barrel (9) endoporus are conflicted, the other end of clamping block (5) and cylinder cap (1) are positioned at the end face of cylinder barrel (9) part and conflict, after packing steel ball in the steel ball mounting hole of piston (8) into, match with cylinder barrel (9) endoporus, the rodless cavity hydraulic fluid port (6) on the corresponding cylinder barrel of annular groove (9) of piston (8); One end of piston rod (12) is fixed in piston rod (12) mounting hole of piston (8), and the other end is positioned at outside cylinder barrel (9) through cylinder bottom (11); Cavity between cylinder barrel (9) inner carrier (8) and cylinder bottom (11) end face is rod chamber (14), the cavity forming between the end face of brake slipper (3), the major diameter step hole inwall of clamping block (5) and piston (8) major diameter counterbore inwall is rodless cavity (15), and the cavity forming between brake slipper (3) and cylinder cap (1) inner side surface is atmospheric pressure cavity (16).
2. powerful mechanical self-locking hydraulic cylinder as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, seal ring is all housed on the sealing surface between described all parts.
3. powerful mechanical self-locking hydraulic cylinder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, small-diameter circular side face one end chamfering of described brake slipper (3) forms a conical surface.
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| CN201410196820.2A CN104006033A (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | Powerful and mechanical automatic-locking hydraulic cylinder |
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| CN201410196820.2A CN104006033A (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | Powerful and mechanical automatic-locking hydraulic cylinder |
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| CN104652287A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-05-27 | 林同棪国际工程咨询（中国）有限公司 | Bridge pre-stress tension device |
| CN104763706A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-08 | 中船重工中南装备有限责任公司 | Mechanical self-locking hydraulic cylinder |
| CN107299923A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-10-27 | 泸州长信液压机械制造有限公司 | The tight device of mechanical lock of hydraulic cylinder, mechanical locking hydraulic jack and its locking method |
| CN107630861A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-01-26 | 陈干惠 | A kind of safe self-locking oil cylinder being adjusted flexibly |
| CN107806458A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-16 | 湖北江山液压科技有限公司 | A kind of mechanical self-latching tightly locking hydraulic cylinder |
| CN108775303A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-09 | 王志伟 | A kind of wearable hydraulic oil cylinder |
| CN108825584A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-16 | 永红保定铸造机械有限公司 | A kind of piston actuator with self-locking function |
| CN109578371A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-04-05 | 陕西理工大学 | A kind of locking cylinder |
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| CN104652287A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-05-27 | 林同棪国际工程咨询（中国）有限公司 | Bridge pre-stress tension device |
| CN104652287B (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2016-06-22 | 林同棪国际工程咨询（中国）有限公司 | Bridge prestress tensioning equipment |
| CN104763706A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-08 | 中船重工中南装备有限责任公司 | Mechanical self-locking hydraulic cylinder |
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| CN107806458A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-16 | 湖北江山液压科技有限公司 | A kind of mechanical self-latching tightly locking hydraulic cylinder |
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Application publication date: 20140827 |