CN104005867B - Compression ignition engine - Google Patents
Compression ignition engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104005867B CN104005867B CN201410062450.3A CN201410062450A CN104005867B CN 104005867 B CN104005867 B CN 104005867B CN 201410062450 A CN201410062450 A CN 201410062450A CN 104005867 B CN104005867 B CN 104005867B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- combustion chamber
- gas
- air
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
- F02D41/3035—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/12—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
- F02D41/0057—Specific combustion modes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
- F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D21/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas
- F02D21/02—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to oxygen-fed engines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of compression ignition engine that can be run under low temperature combustion mode, which includes：Multiple cylinders, each cylinder are each formed with combustion chamber, and the engine is for conveying air and fuel and mixing air and fuel in each combustion chamber, and the mixing is at or approximately at the mixing of stoichiometry；Control device, the sensor including being used to sense engine loading；Gas source including oxygen, is connected to control device, wherein, in response to the transition to high engine loading sensed, control device is used to supply gas to each combustion chamber before or while fuel is increased to each combustion chamber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to compression ignition engines.Particularly but non-uniquely, the present invention relates to for vehicle and can be negative in height
The homogeneous charge for carrying lower operation is compression-ignited（HCCI）Engine.
Background technology
It is well known that due to very high compression ratio, diesel engine or compression ignition engine are for by fuel energy
Change into the highest engine of the thermal efficiency of useful work.Specifically, when in low-power and engine idling, diesel engine compares vapour
Oil machine much more efficient.It is different from the spark ignition engine of such as gasoline engine, diesel engine use compression heat come starting ignition with
Fuel in combustion chamber.
Hcci engine has been attempted to further improve efficiency.Energy release profile in the entire volume of combustion chamber, without
It is to be confined in flame.Partially, chemical reaction is slow, this is because temperature is low, but because energy release profile is entire
In combustion chamber volume, therefore whole heat release rate can match or discharge obtained heat more than the energy as caused by flame and release
Put rate.
It is well known that low-temperature burning（LTC）Emission can be reduced and improve efficiency.For emission, when use air with
During the stoichiometry gaseous mixture of fuel, NOx is low and will not generate particulate matter.For efficiency, by keeping relatively low in the combustion chamber
Temperature, the output work of unit volume expansion can be increased.
However, up to now, there are still some technical problems.The control of condition always exists challenge in cylinder, but this is asked
Topic is addressed to a certain extent.Performance is relatively loaded and reaches under high load another problem is that being transitioned into.The mesh of LTC
Mark is to be discharged by automatic ignition to obtain volume energy.To slow down rate of pressure rise, used air-fuel ratio approaches
The proportioning of stoichiometry gaseous mixture.It is relatively loaded to reach, it is necessary to which more multi fuel is introduced into cylinder.Stoichiometry is used however, working as
During mixing, addition fuel significantly increases emission, and is influenced less on increasing engine output.And for automobile application, hair
The increase of motivation output can drastically occur, and such as occur within a few tens of milliseconds.
In addition, reduce air-fuel ratio（By adding fuel）The surge pressure of even more high and heat release speed can be caused
Rate.In addition, many control strategies need to preheat gaseous mixture used in hcci engine.It reduce density and therefore
The quality of the air/fuel mixture in combustion chamber is reduced, can so reduce power.
Two kinds of known ways of hoisting power are using the fuel with different autoignition characteristics and to gaseous mixture heat point
For layer to compress the difference in gaseous mixture with different temperatures and therefore to burn in different time, this can reduce heat release speed
Rate.However, these tactful underactions or being difficult to control or the advantage obtained using homogeneous charge can be reduced.
It is intended to provide a kind of compression ignition engine that can be run under high load.Being intended to provide one kind can be fast from low-load
Speed and efficiently it is transitioned into the compression ignition engine of high load.
The content of the invention
A kind of compression ignition engine that can be run under low temperature combustion mode is provided according to the first aspect of the invention, it should
Engine includes：
Multiple cylinders, each cylinder are each formed with combustion chamber, wherein, which is used to convey air and fuel and every
Mixing air and fuel in a combustion chamber, this mixing is at or approximately at the mixing of stoichiometry；
Control device, the sensor including being used to sense engine loading；
Gas source including oxygen, is connected to control device, wherein, it is born in response to what sensor sensed to high engine
The transition of load, control device are used to supply gas to each combustion chamber before or while fuel is increased to each combustion chamber.
The engine may be adapted to run using the air-fuel ratio of stoichiometry.
The control device may be adapted to before or while fuel increase supply gas to each combustion chamber, enabling substantially
Maintain the air-fuel ratio of stoichiometry.
The gas can be oxygen.Optionally, which can be air.
Gas source may include the reformer for generating oxygen.
The engine may include to be fluidly coupled to the inlet manifold that each cylinder to convey air to each combustion chamber.The control
Device processed can be used for conveying gas to inlet manifold.
The engine may include the gas ejector to inlet manifold supply gas.The gas ejector can be low-pressure gas
Injector.
The control device may include control unit of engine.The control device can be used for control to be delivered to each combustion chamber
Fuel quantity.
The engine may include to be fluidly coupled to each cylinder to convey the fuel delivery system of fuel to each combustion chamber.
The engine may include the exhaust gas recirculatioon that a part for engine exhaust is made to be recycled to each combustion chamber
（EGR）System.
The control device can be used for making exhaust gas recirculatioon to each combustion chamber with gas is supplied to each combustion chamber, directly
Reach predetermined air-fuel ratio.The control device can be used for then reducing or interrupting the gas supply to each combustion chamber.
A kind of vehicle, including engine according to the first aspect of the invention.
A kind of method with low temperature combustion mode operation compression ignition engine is provided according to the second aspect of the invention, it should
Method includes：
Air and fuel are conveyed to the cylinder of engine, wherein, each cylinder is each formed with combustion chamber；
Mixing air and fuel in each combustion chamber, wherein, the amount generation of the air and fuel that are conveyed is in or connects
The mixture of near-stoichiometric mixing；
Sense engine loading；
In response to the transition to high engine loading sensed, the gas for including oxygen is supplied to each combustion chamber；With
And
Increase the fuel supply to each combustion chamber.
This method may include to run engine with the air-fuel ratio of substantially stoichiometry.This method may include to each combustion
Burn room supply gas, enabling substantially maintain the air-fuel ratio of the stoichiometry.
This method may include to convey air to each combustion chamber by being fluidly coupled to the inlet manifold of each cylinder.The party
Method may include to supply gas to inlet manifold.
This method may include with low pressure to manifold injection gas.
This method may include to make exhaust cycle to each combustion chamber.This method may include to supply gas with to each combustion chamber
Body and make exhaust gas recirculatioon to each combustion chamber, until reaching predetermined air-fuel ratio.The predetermined air-fuel ratio can be substantially
The air-fuel ratio of stoichiometry.This method may include then to reduce or interrupt to each combustion chamber to supply gas.
Description of the drawings
The embodiment of the present invention is only described by example referring now to attached drawing, wherein：
Fig. 1 is to show air-fuel ratio under low temperature traditional combustion pattern and temperature and the known song for pointing out maximum discharge region
Line chart；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of engine according to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the graph that air-fuel ratio changes with flame temperature in compression ignition engine.It this graph illustrate area
Domain 100 and region 102 are usually run in low temperature mode and in the engine down to medium load in region 100, with height
The conventional diesel engine of load running is usually run in region 102.Also show two independent high rows in the graph simultaneously
Put subregion：Region 110 is related to higher air fuel ratio and generates the temperature of high level NOx；With region 112, it is related to low latitude gas combustion
Material ratio and the medium temperature for generating high-level particulate matter.
Typically for light commercial vehicle engine, low-load is up to 3 bars of BMEP（Brake Mean Effective
Pressure, brake mean-effective pressure）, and high load may be greater than the load of the load.However, these values are based on engine
And condition.It is expected to be promoted to 3 bars of BMEP from 1 bar of BMEP using described method or be promoted to more high load from 4 bars of BMEP.
For being in low temperature mode and engine to be run down to medium load, temperature is usually less than 2,000 ° of K, and because
This can usually be avoided two maximum discharge regions.In addition to performance, this is the main cause being more likely to using low-temperature burning.
On the other hand, conventional compression ignition formula engine is tended to higher down to being generated due to higher temperature under medium load
Horizontal NOx and/or particulate matter.Only under higher load（It is related to higher temperature and reduces the high fuel supply of air-fuel ratio）
Just it is avoided that maximum discharge region.It should be noted, however, that the conventional compression ignition formula engine run with high load（By on the right side of Fig. 1
Inferior horn area operation）Acceptable low level of emissions can be generated.
Fig. 2 shows engine 10 according to the present invention.Engine 10 is the compression ignition that can be run with low temperature combustion mode
Formula engine.
Engine 10 includes multiple cylinders 12（Two are only shown in Fig. 2）, each in these cylinders is each formed with firing
Burn room 14.Fuel delivery system includes fuel tank 20, and petrolift 22 is fluidly coupled to each cylinder 12 and is used for each burning
Room 14 conveys fuel.Meanwhile inlet manifold 30 is fluidly coupled to each cylinder, for conveying air to each combustion chamber 14.Hair
Motivation 10 is for conveying air and fuel and mixing air and fuel in each combustion chamber 14, to obtain at or approximately at chemistry
Measure the mixture of mixing.
Engine 10 further includes the control device with control unit of engine 40.Control unit of engine 40 is connected to combustion
Material transport system and selectively control petrolift 22 are delivered to the fuel quantity of each combustion chamber to control.Control device further includes use
In the sensor 42 of sensing engine loading.When sensing higher engine load, control unit of engine unit 40 can
Control petrolift 22 is delivered to the fuel of each combustion chamber to increase.
It is configured with the reformer apparatus 50 for generating oxygen.Oxygen is transported to storage container 52, is stored herein with low pressure.
Storage container 52 is connected to inlet manifold 30 by valve 54.40 control valve 54 of control unit of engine permits for selectivity
Perhaps oxygen flow to inlet manifold 30 and therefore flow to the combustion chamber 14 of cylinder 12.
When sensor 42 senses the transition from low engine loading to high engine loading, control unit of engine list
Member 40 increases the fuel conveying to cylinder 12.Almost at the same time（It may before this or afterwards）, control unit of engine 40
Also Open valve 54, this allows oxygen to flow into cylinder 12 via inlet manifold 30.
The increase for being delivered to fuel of the amount of oxygen of cylinder 12 to being delivered to cylinder 12 is proportional.In this way, may be used
Substantially maintain the air-fuel ratio of stoichiometry.A large amount of this avoids emission generate and improve engine efficiency.When negative
It carries too high so that when being unable to reach low-temperature burning, it is also necessary to be run with " tradition " combustion mode.
Engine 10 includes exhaust gas recirculatioon（EGR）System 60, the system are used to that a part for engine exhaust to be made to follow again
It is looped back to each combustion chamber 14.Egr system 60 is also controlled by control unit of engine 40.
If engine 10 maintains high load, control unit of engine 40 can be subtracted by progressively closing off valve 54
The supply and increase of few oxygen are delivered to the EGR gas of cylinder 12, until obtaining desired predetermined air-fuel ratio.If
The engine is turbo type engine, then adjustment supercharging is also needed to realize desired plenum.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it is to be understood that, deviate the embodiment
Embodiment is still fallen within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of compression ignition engine that can be run under low temperature combustion mode, the engine include：
Multiple cylinders, are each each formed with combustion chamber, wherein, the engine is used to convey air and fuel and in the burning
Indoor mixing air and fuel, the mixing is at or approximately at the mixing of stoichiometry；
Control device, the sensor including being used to sense engine loading；
Gas source including oxygen is connected to the control device,
Wherein, the transition to high engine loading sensed in response to the sensor, the control device are used for every
Gas is supplied to each combustion chamber before or while a combustion chamber increase fuel,
Wherein, the control device is suitable for before or while fuel increase supplying the gas to each combustion chamber with big
Cause the air-fuel ratio of the maintenance stoichiometry.
2. engine according to claim 1, wherein, the engine is suitable for transporting using the air-fuel ratio of stoichiometry
Row.
3. according to the engine described in any one of foregoing claim, wherein, the gas is oxygen.
4. engine according to claim 1, wherein, the gas source includes generating the reformer of oxygen.
5. engine according to claim 1, wherein, the engine comes including being fluidly coupled to each cylinder to described
The inlet manifold of each combustion chamber conveying air, and the control device is used to supply the gas to the inlet manifold.
6. engine according to claim 5, wherein, the engine includes supplying the gas to the inlet manifold
Gas ejector.
7. engine according to claim 1, wherein, the control device includes control unit of engine.
8. engine according to claim 1, wherein, the control device is delivered to the combustion of each combustion chamber for controlling
Doses.
9. engine according to claim 1, wherein, the engine includes being fluidly coupled to each cylinder with to each
Combustion chamber conveys the fuel delivery system of fuel.
10. engine according to claim 1, wherein, the engine includes making a part for engine exhaust
It is recycled to the exhaust gas recycling system of each combustion chamber.
11. engine according to claim 10, wherein, the control device is used to supply gas with to each combustion chamber
Body and make exhaust gas recirculatioon to each combustion chamber, until reaching predetermined air-fuel ratio.
12. engine according to claim 11, wherein, the control device is used to then reduce or interrupt to each combustion
Burn the gas supply of room.
13. a kind of vehicle, including the engine described in any one of foregoing claim.
14. a kind of method with low temperature combustion mode operation compression ignition engine, the described method includes：
Air and fuel are conveyed to the cylinder of the engine, wherein, each cylinder is each formed with combustion chamber；
Mixing air and fuel in each combustion chamber, wherein, the air and the amount of fuel conveyed is generated at or approximately at change
Learn the mixture of metering mixing；
Sense engine loading；
In response to the transition to high engine loading sensed, the gas for including oxygen is supplied to each combustion chamber, wherein, to
The gas is supplied substantially to maintain the air-fuel ratio of the stoichiometry in each combustion chamber；And
Increase the fuel supply to each combustion chamber.
15. according to the method for claim 14, including running the engine with the air-fuel ratio of substantially stoichiometry.
16. the method according to any one of claim 14 to 15, including the air inlet by being fluidly coupled to each cylinder
Manifold conveys air to each combustion chamber and supplies the gas to the inlet manifold.
17. according to the method for claim 16, including with gas described in low pressure to the manifold injection.
18. according to the method for claim 14, including making exhaust gas recirculatioon to each combustion chamber, and with to each burning
The gas is supplied in room, makes exhaust gas recirculatioon to each combustion chamber until reaching predetermined air-fuel ratio.
19. according to the method for claim 18, wherein, the air of the predetermined air-fuel ratio substantially stoichiometry fires
Material ratio.
20. according to the method for claim 19, the gas is supplied including then reducing or interrupting to each combustion chamber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1303381.6A GB2511131B (en) | 2013-02-26 | 2013-02-26 | Compression ignition engine operable in a low temperature combustion mode |
| GB1303381.6 | 2013-02-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104005867A CN104005867A (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| CN104005867B true CN104005867B (en) | 2018-05-29 |
Family
ID=48092101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410062450.3A Expired - Fee Related CN104005867B (en) | 2013-02-26 | 2014-02-24 | Compression ignition engine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104005867B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102014203315A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2511131B (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69929743T2 (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 2006-09-21 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Yokohama | Combustion control apparatus for a diesel engine |
| DE19848418A1 (en) * | 1998-10-21 | 2000-04-27 | Asea Brown Boveri | Diesel internal combustion engine operating method involves feeding additional gas contg. oxygen into combustion chamber via separate additional gas inlet(s) and additional gas valve(s) |
| US7290522B2 (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2007-11-06 | Masschusetts Institute Of Technology | High compression ratio, high power density homogeneous charge compression ignition engines using hydrogen and carbon monoxide to enhance auto-ignition resistance |
| JP4218465B2 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2009-02-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel injection amount control device for internal combustion engine |
| US7137379B2 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-11-21 | Southwest Research Institute | Method for rich pulse control of diesel engines |
| US8463529B2 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2013-06-11 | Eaton Corporation | System and method of operating internal combustion engines at fuel rich low-temperature- combustion mode as an on-board reformer for solid oxide fuel cell-powered vehicles |
-
2013
- 2013-02-26 GB GB1303381.6A patent/GB2511131B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-02-24 CN CN201410062450.3A patent/CN104005867B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-02-25 DE DE102014203315.2A patent/DE102014203315A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201303381D0 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| GB2511131A (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| DE102014203315A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
| GB2511131B (en) | 2019-09-18 |
| CN104005867A (en) | 2014-08-27 |
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