CN104005823B - Catalytic converter for treating exhaust gas of motorcycle and preparation method of catalytic converter - Google Patents
Catalytic converter for treating exhaust gas of motorcycle and preparation method of catalytic converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104005823B CN104005823B CN201410247656.3A CN201410247656A CN104005823B CN 104005823 B CN104005823 B CN 104005823B CN 201410247656 A CN201410247656 A CN 201410247656A CN 104005823 B CN104005823 B CN 104005823B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a catalytic converter for treating exhaust gas of a motorcycle. The catalytic converter comprises a metal carrier, and a catalyst coating that is coated on the surface of the metal barrier, wherein the metal barrier consists of a housing and a core body; the metal barrier specifically comprises an A1 section, an A2 section and an A3 section, wherein the A1 section is positioned at an air feeding section, the A3 section is positioned at an air discharging section, and the A2 section is positioned between the A1 section and the A3 section; the length ratio of the A1 section to the A2 section to the A3 section is 0.5-5: 0-0.5: 1; an iron-based catalyst coating is coated on the outer surface of the A1 section; a noble metal catalyst coating is coated on the outer surface of the A3 section; no core body is arranged at the A3 section. According to the catalytic converter for treating the exhaust gas of the motorcycle, the coating length of each of the iron-based catalyst coating and the noble metal catalyst coating and the content of effective ingredients of catalysts, in percentage by weight, in the corresponding catalyst coatings can be controlled to convert the excessive air coefficient components in the motorcycle exhaust gas subjected to the treatment of the iron-based catalyst coating from 0.93-1.03 into 0.91-1.03, thus the exhaust gas treatment capacity of the noble metal catalyst coating is improved, and as a result, the activity and durability of the catalytic converter are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of catalytic converter, particularly to a kind of catalytic converter for motorcycle exhaust process and
Its preparation method.
Background technology
National motorcycle waste gas Abgasgesetz is increasingly stricter so that raising exhaust after-treatment techniques become personage of the same trade
Focal point.At present, major technique direction is be jointly processed by by the performance of optimization engine and using catalytic converter
Pollutant (such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbon etc.) in motorcycle waste gas, to meet country to pollutant emission
Restriction.
With the continuous pursuit to motorcycle cost performance for the people, higher wanting be it is also proposed to the cost performance of catalytic converter
Ask.It is desirable to less expensive catalytic converter, to reach the requirement to emission limit for the country.Wherein, introduce and compare noble metal
More cheap iron series element partly to replace noble metal to be widely studied.The existing noble metal catalyst being coated with iron content system applies
The catalytic converter of layer is that Fe-series catalyst and noble metal catalyst are placed on same coating or by Fe-series catalyst mostly
It is placed on the different coating of same section of catalytic converter with noble metal catalyst.
Mainly mechanically, that is, carburetor controls the fuel injection technic of motorcycle, its control accuracy at present
Low, lead to the excess air coefficient group of motorcycle exhaust to be divided into 0.93～1.03, and be suitable for the mistake of noble metal catalyst work
Amount air coefficient group is divided into 0.97～1.03.Fe-series catalyst and noble metal catalyst are placed on same coating or by iron system
Catalyst and noble metal catalyst are placed on the different coating of same section of catalytic converter, can be due to noble metal catalyst surface
Reaction atmosphere is unable to reach optimum condition, thus affecting activity and the durability of catalytic converter.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the above-mentioned deficiency in the presence of overcoming prior art, one kind is provided to be used for motorcycle exhaust
The catalytic converter processing.Fe-series catalyst coating and noble metal catalyst coating are respectively coated on metal by this catalytic converter
The air inlet section of carrier and air outlet section, and by control Fe-series catalyst coating and noble metal catalyst coating coated length and
Weight percent content in corresponding catalyst coating for the catalyst active component, makes motorcycle exhaust apply through Fe-series catalyst
After layer is processed, its excess air coefficient component is changed into 0.97～1.03 by 0.93～1.03, enhances noble metal catalyst and applies
The disposal ability to tail gas for the layer, and then improve catalytic converter to the carbon monoxide in motorcycle exhaust, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbon
The conversion ratio of compound, this catalytic converter excellent in durability simultaneously, low production cost.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of described catalytic converter.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides technical scheme below：
The present invention be used for motorcycle exhaust process catalytic converter, include metallic carrier be coated in metal carrier surface
Catalyst coat, metallic carrier be made up of shell and core body it is characterised in that：Described metallic carrier is by A1 section, A2 section and A3
Duan Zucheng, A1 section is located at air inlet section, and A3 section is located at air outlet section, and A2 section is located between A1 section and A3 section, wherein A1 section, A2 section and A3
The length of section ratio is for 0.5～5:0～0.5:1；Described catalyst coat is by Fe-series catalyst coating and noble metal catalyst coating
Composition；Described Fe-series catalyst coating is coated in A1 section outer surface, and the active component in Fe-series catalyst coating is iron series element
Metal oxide；Described noble metal catalyst coating is coated in A3 section outer surface, the activity one-tenth in noble metal catalyst coating
It is divided into the metal oxide of platinum group；A2 section no core body.
Applicant tests through being repeated several times property, show that Fe-series catalyst and noble metal catalyst segmentation are coated in catalysis turns
Change air inlet section and the air outlet section of device, activity and the durability of catalytic converter can be effectively improved.Length when A1 section, A2 section and A3 section
Degree ratio is 0.5～5:0～0.5:When 1, the synergy of Fe-series catalyst and noble metal catalyst can be strengthened so as to not only have
There is the advantage of Fe-series catalyst, also make noble metal catalyst have more excellent effect.This is because, Fe-series catalyst coating except
CO, HC and the NO in tail gas can be processedxMoreover it is possible to be converted into excess air coefficient component be suitable for noble metal by 0.93～1.03
The 0.97～1.03 of catalyst coat work, makes noble metal catalyst coating to the carbon monoxide in motorcycle exhaust, nitrogen oxidation
Thing and hydrocarbon process more thorough.
The length of the present invention preferred A1 section, A2 section and A3 section is than for 0.5～5:0.1～0.5:1.Between A1 section and A3 section
Setting A2 section, in A2 section, metallic carrier does not contain core body, is hollow structure；After tail gas is reacted by A1, carry out second in A2 section
Secondary mixing, the oxidizing gas in tail gas and reducing gas are fully combined together by secondary mixing effectively, subsequently into A3 section,
It is more beneficial for improving the conversion ratio of A3 section tail gas.The length of the present invention further preferred A1 section, A2 section and A3 section than for 0.8～
1.2:0.2～0.3:1, most preferably preferably 1:0.22:1.By preferred above, Fe-series catalyst and your gold can be improved further
The utilization rate of metal catalyst and its concerted catalysis effect, make this catalytic converter have preferably activity and durability.
The length of preferred catalytic converter of the present invention is 70～120mm, when the length of catalytic converter is more than 120mm,
The pressure difference by gas before and after catalytic converter can be led to excessive, thus the fired state affecting engine (reduces motor
The fuel economy of car), motorcycle exhaust discharge can be made more severe, ultimately result in discharge not up to standard；If the length of catalytic converter
When degree is less than 70mm, motorcycle exhaust residence time in catalytic converter is too short, is unfavorable for that catalytic converter plays catalysis
Effect.The length of the further preferred catalytic converter of the present invention is 90～100mm, most preferably preferably 100mm.
One or more of iron series element chosen from Fe of the present invention, cobalt, nickel；Described platinum group be selected from platinum, palladium,
One or more of rhodium, osmium, iridium, ruthenium.The content of catalyst active component affects very big on the catalytic performance of catalyst.Preferably
Ground, the metal oxide of the iron series element weight percent content in Fe-series catalyst coating is 0.5～15%；Platinum group
Weight percent content in noble metal catalyst coating for the metal oxide be 0.5～15%.
A metal oxide part for described iron series element is supported on hydrogen-storing material, and part load is on alumina.
Preferably, the metal oxide supported weight on hydrogen-storing material of described iron series element and load weight on alumina it
Than for 1.3～1.5:1；A metal oxide part for described platinum group is supported on hydrogen-storing material, and a part is supported on oxygen
Change on aluminium, the metal oxide supported weight on hydrogen-storing material of described platinum group and load weight on alumina it
Than for 1～8:1.The Fe-series catalyst active component being supported on hydrogen-storing material is conducive to CO oxidation and NO in tail gasxReduction
Chemical reaction, load Fe-series catalyst active component on alumina is conducive to the chemical reaction of HC oxidation；And it is supported on storage
Noble metal catalyst active component on oxygen material is conducive to CO and O in tail gas2, CO and NOxChemical reaction, be supported on oxidation
Noble metal catalyst active component on aluminium is conducive to HC and O2Chemical reaction.The present invention be directed to motorcycle exhaust, by with
Upper preferred, the treatment effect to motorcycle exhaust for the catalytic converter can be strengthened.
Described hydrogen-storing material is cerium oxide, cerium zirconium sosoloid or cerium oxide and zirconic mixture, described cerium zirconium solid solution
Body also includes the solid solution with the improvement of the rare earth elements such as lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, yttrium.
The coated weight of the present invention preferred A1 iron leg series catalysts coating is 40～140g/L, A3 section noble metal catalyst coating
Coated weight be 100～180g/L.When the coated weight of A1 section catalyst coat is less than 40g/L, the coating of A3 section catalyst coat
Amount is less than 100g/L, can reduce the conversion ratio to carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbon in tail gas for the catalytic converter；And
When the coated weight of A1 section catalyst coat is more than 140g/L, the coated weight of A3 section catalyst coat is more than 180g/L, can lead to apply
The layer risk that comes off increases, and the back pressure of Finished Motorcycle of motorcycle increases, and is unfavorable for catalytic conversion reaction.
Metallic carrier of the present invention is made up of carrier shell and inner core two parts, and wherein metal shell is stainless steel, interior
Core is ferrum-chromium-aluminum.
The preparation method of catalytic converter of the present invention, comprises the steps：
(1) iron system salt is immersed on hydrogen-storing material and aluminum oxide respectively, is dried, roasting, mixes, make powder I；
(2) precious metal salt is immersed on hydrogen-storing material and aluminum oxide, is dried, roasting, mixes, make powder II；
(3) powder I, aluminum oxide, acetic acid and pure water are mixed, ball milling makes slurry J1；
(4) powder II, aluminum oxide, acetic acid and pure water are mixed, ball milling makes slurry J2；
(5) slurry J1 is coated in metallic carrier A1 section outer surface, is dried, 500～600 DEG C of roasting 1～3h, obtains half one-tenth
Product；
(6) slurry J2 is coated in the A3 section outer surface of step (5) gained semi-finished product, is dried, 500～600 DEG C of roastings 1～
3h, obtains final product catalytic converter.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in described step (1), iron system salt is selected from nitrate, acetate or the sulfuric acid of iron series element
Salt；In described step (2), precious metal salt is selected from nitrate, acetate or the sulfate of precious metal element.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
(1) Fe-series catalyst coating and noble metal catalyst coating are respectively coated on gold by catalytic converter of the present invention
Belong to the air inlet section of carrier and air outlet section, and by control the coated length of Fe-series catalyst coating and noble metal catalyst coating with
And weight percent content in corresponding catalyst coating for the catalyst active component, make motorcycle exhaust through Fe-series catalyst
After coating treatment, its excess air coefficient component is changed into 0.97～1.03 by 0.93～1.03, enhances noble metal catalyst
The disposal ability to tail gas for the coating, and then strengthen the synergy of Fe-series catalyst and noble metal catalyst.It is catalyzed with by iron system
Agent and noble metal catalyst be placed on same coating or by Fe-series catalyst and noble metal catalyst be placed on same section different
The catalytic converter of coating is compared, and can more efficiently process carbon monoxide in motorcycle exhaust, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbonization
Compound, has more preferably endurance quality simultaneously.
(2) present invention arranges one section of hollow section A2 section between the A1 section and A3 section of catalytic converter.When tail gas passes through to urge
After changing the A1 section reaction of converter, carry out second mixing in A2 section, secondary mixing effectively by the oxidizing gas in tail gas and
Reducing gas is fully combined together, and subsequently into the reaction of A3 section, is more beneficial for improving the conversion ratio of A3 section tail gas.With do not set
The catalytic converter putting hollow section is compared, and cost is lower, and the utilization rate of Fe-series catalyst and noble metal catalyst is higher, works in coordination with and urges
Change effect is higher.
Specific embodiment
With reference to test example and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understood
Scope for the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to below example, all belongs to this based on the technology that present invention is realized
The scope of invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation of powder
1. palladium nitrate 16.03g is immersed on 97.5g hydrogen-storing material, concrete grammar is to pour palladium nitrate 16.03g into
In the plastic cup of 2L, then add water to solution in plastic cup for 200g, stir 10min, be subsequently adding hydrogen-storing material 97.5g, stir
Mix 1h, the powder after stirring is put in baking oven and is dried, baking temperature is 90 DEG C, drying time is 6h, by dried powder
Put into Muffle kiln roasting, sintering temperature is 550 DEG C, roasting time is 2h；Make powder D1, in D1, the percentage by weight of palladium contains
Measure as 2.5%；
2. palladium nitrate 16.03g is immersed on 97.5g alumina material, makes powder D2, the percentage by weight of palladium in D2
Content is 2.5%；
3. platinum nitrate 0.69g is immersed on 99.8g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder P1, in P1, the percentage by weight of platinum contains
Measure as 0.22%；
4. rhodium nitrate 2.39g is immersed on 99.8g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder H1, in H1, the percentage by weight of rhodium contains
Measure as 0.22%；
5. ferric nitrate 17.68g is immersed on 96.5g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder T1, in T1, the percentage by weight of iron contains
Measure as 3.5%；
6. ferric nitrate 12.63g is immersed on 97.5g alumina material, makes powder T2, the percentage by weight of iron in T2
Content is 3.5%.
Above-mentioned hydrogen-storing material is cerium zirconium sosoloid.
(2) prepare metallic carrier, carrier specification is：Hole mesh number 300cell/in2, wall thickness 1.0mm, overall diameter Ф 45mm,
The long 100mm of metallic carrier, the wherein length of A1 section, A2 section and A3 section are than for 1:0.22:1.
(3) 57gT1,40gT2,3g aluminum oxide, 3g acetic acid and the mixing of 100g pure water are taken, ball milling makes slurry J1, and J1 consolidates
Body burden is 50%；
(4) 20gD1,11.64gD2,32.68gP1 are taken, 32.68gH1,3g aluminum oxide, 3g acetic acid and 100g pure water mix,
Ball milling makes slurry J2, and the solids content of J2 is 50%；
(5) slurry J1 is coated in A1 section outer surface, coated weight is Fe-series catalyst 140g/L, is then dried, 550 DEG C of roastings
Burn 2h, obtain semi-finished product；
(6) slurry J2 is coated in A3 section outer surface, coated weight is 150g/L, is then dried, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h, obtains final product
Catalytic converter.
Catalytic converter manufactured in the present embodiment, Fe2O3Weight percent content in Fe-series catalyst coating is
3.40%, wherein 2.00% is supported on hydrogen-storing material, and 1.40% load is on alumina.Palladium oxide, platinum oxide, rhodium oxide
(weight of Pt, Pd, Rh is than for 1:11:Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 0g/ft3) weight percent content in noble metal catalyst coating adds up to
0.935%, wherein 0.823% is supported on hydrogen-storing material, and 0.112% load is on alumina.
Embodiment 2
(1) nitric acid osmium 60.23g is immersed on 66.92g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder D1；Nitric acid osmium 60.23g is impregnated
On 66.92g alumina material, make powder D2；Nitric acid iridium 21.34g is immersed on 97.09g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder
P1；Nitric acid ruthenium 25.67g is immersed on 97.09g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder H1；Cobalt nitrate 46.13g is immersed in 89.69g
On hydrogen-storing material, make powder T1；Ferric nitrate 52.08g is immersed on 89.69g alumina material, makes powder T2.
Above-mentioned hydrogen-storing material is cerium zirconium sosoloid.
(2) prepare metallic carrier, carrier specification is：Hole mesh number 300cell/in2, wall thickness 1.0mm, overall diameter Ф 45mm,
The long 120mm of metallic carrier, the wherein length of A1 section, A2 section and A3 section are than for 0.5:0.5:1.
(3) 57gT1,40gT2,3g aluminum oxide, 3g acetic acid and the mixing of 100g pure water are taken, ball milling makes slurry J1, and J1 consolidates
Body burden is 50%；
(4) 20gD1,11.64gD2,32.68gP1 are taken, 32.68gH1,3g aluminum oxide, 3g acetic acid and 100g pure water mix,
Ball milling makes slurry J2, and the solids content of J2 is 50%；
(5) slurry J1 is coated in A1 section outer surface, coated weight is Fe-series catalyst 140g/L, is then dried, 500 DEG C of roastings
Burn 1h, obtain semi-finished product；
(6) slurry J2 is coated in A3 section outer surface, coated weight is 150g/L, is then dried, 500 DEG C of roasting 1h, obtains final product
Catalytic converter.
Catalytic converter manufactured in the present embodiment, cobalt oxide, the iron oxide percentage by weight in Fe-series catalyst coating
Content adds up to 10%, and wherein 5.88% is supported on hydrogen-storing material, and 4.12% load is on alumina.Somuum oxide, yttrium oxide,
Weight percent content in noble metal catalyst coating for the ruthenium-oxide adds up to 12%, and wherein 10.56% is supported on storage oxygen material
On material, 1.44% load is on alumina.
Embodiment 3
(1) palladium nitrate 8.85g is immersed on 98.62g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder D1；Palladium nitrate 8.85g is immersed in
On 98.62g alumina material, make powder D2；Platinum nitrate 0.38g is immersed on 99.9g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder P1；
Ferric nitrate 1.88g is immersed on 99.95g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder T1；Nickel nitrate 2.13g is immersed in 99.95g oxidation
On aluminum, make powder T2.
Above-mentioned hydrogen-storing material is cerium zirconium sosoloid.
(2) prepare metallic carrier, carrier specification is：Hole mesh number 300cell/in2, wall thickness 1.0mm, overall diameter Ф 45mm,
The long 70mm of metallic carrier, the wherein length of A1, A2 section and A3 section are than for 5:0:1.
(3) 57gT1,40gT2,3g aluminum oxide, 3g acetic acid and the mixing of 100g pure water are taken, ball milling makes slurry J1, and J1 consolidates
Body burden is 50%；
(4) 20gD1,11.64gD2,65.36gP1,3g aluminum oxide, 3g acetic acid and the mixing of 100g pure water are taken, ball milling makes slurry
The solids content of material J2, J2 is 50%；
(5) slurry J1 is coated in A1 section outer surface, coated weight is Fe-series catalyst 80g/L, is then dried, 600 DEG C of roastings
Burn 1h, obtain semi-finished product；
(6) slurry J2 is coated in A3 section outer surface, coated weight is 150g/l, is then dried, 600 DEG C of roasting 1h, obtains final product
Catalytic converter.
Catalytic converter manufactured in the present embodiment, the iron oxide and nickel oxide percentage by weight in Fe-series catalyst coating
Content adds up to 0.5%, and wherein 0.29% is supported on hydrogen-storing material, and 0.21% load is on alumina.Palladium oxide, platinum oxide
Weight percent content in noble metal catalyst coating adds up to 0.5%, and wherein 0.44% is supported on hydrogen-storing material,
0.06% load is on alumina.
Embodiment 4
(1) palladium nitrate 99.15g is immersed on 84.54g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder D1；Rhodium nitrate 167.95g is soaked
Stain, on 84.54g alumina material, makes powder D2；Ferric nitrate 78.10g is immersed on 84.54g hydrogen-storing material, makes powder
Material T1；Ferric nitrate 78.10g is immersed on 84.54g alumina material, makes powder T2.
Above-mentioned hydrogen-storing material is cerium zirconium sosoloid.
(2) prepare metallic carrier, carrier specification is：Hole mesh number 300cell/in2, wall thickness 1.0mm, overall diameter Ф 45mm,
The long 90mm of metallic carrier, the wherein length of A1 section, A2 section and A3 section are than for 3:0.3:1.
(3) 57gT1,40gT2,3g aluminum oxide, 3g acetic acid and the mixing of 100g pure water are taken, ball milling makes slurry J1, and J1 consolidates
Body burden is 50%；
(4) 57gD1,40gD2,3g aluminum oxide, 3g acetic acid and the mixing of 100g pure water are taken, ball milling makes slurry J2, and J2 consolidates
Body burden is 50%；
(5) slurry J1 is coated in A1 section outer surface, coated weight is Fe-series catalyst 100g/L, is then dried, 600 DEG C of roastings
Burn 1h, obtain semi-finished product；
(6) slurry J2 is coated in A3 section outer surface, coated weight is 150g/L, is then dried, 600 DEG C of roasting 1h, obtains final product
Catalytic converter.
Catalytic converter manufactured in the present embodiment, weight percent content in Fe-series catalyst coating for the iron oxide is
15%, wherein 8.81% is supported on hydrogen-storing material, and 6.19% load is on alumina.Palladium oxide and rhodium oxide are urged in noble metal
Weight percent content in agent coating adds up to 15%, and wherein 8.81% is supported on hydrogen-storing material, and 6.19% is supported on
On aluminum oxide.
Test example 1
The catalytic converter of embodiment 1～4 preparation is carried out active evaluation test.Experimental condition is as follows：
Gas volume forms：Propane 600ppm, propylene 1200ppm, oxynitrides 600ppm, carbon monoxide 5.6%～
2.0%, carbon dioxide 10%, vapor 10%, oxygen 1.0～2.0%, nitrogen balance gas, air speed 80000h-1, by adjusting
CO/O2The scope 0.93～1.03 to change excess air coefficient for the ratio.The test condition of average cleanup rate is 400 DEG C.
The Activity evaluation of catalytic converter described in table 1 embodiment 1～4
According to the result of table 1, catalytic converter of the present invention can nitrogen oxygen in effective process motorcycle exhaust
Compound, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, the average cleanup rate to nitrogen oxides is 80% about, reaches as high as 85%；To CO
Average cleanup rate be 90% about, reach as high as 94%；Average cleanup rate to HC is 90% about, reaches as high as 95%.
Test example 2
The endurance quality of the catalytic converter of test and appraisal embodiment 1～4 preparation.
Test resistance to long afterwards (catalytic converter is placed in Muffle furnace, sintering temperature be 950 DEG C, roasting time be 10h,
In the case of 10% water vapour) conversion performance to HC, NOx and CO for the catalytic converter.Catalyzed conversion after test example 1 is tested
Device, is installed on motor riding type car, using the UDC test procedure of Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) state three regulation, carries out bench test, result is as follows
Shown in table 2.
Table 2 catalytic converter of the present invention is in the test result of motorcycle
| Group | CO[g/km] | HC[g/km] | NOx[g/km] |
| State three standard | ＜ 2.0 | ＜ 0.8 | ＜ 0.15 |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.16 | 0.16 | 0.05 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1.24 | 0.25 | 0.08 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.21 | 0.20 | 0.07 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1.25 | 0.23 | 0.08 |
As known from Table 2, the catalytic converter described in embodiment 1～4, resistance to still have to CO, CH and NOx long afterwards well
Conversion performance, the motorcycle exhaust after process meets state three discharge standard.Thus illustrate, catalytic converter of the present invention is not
Only can nitrogen oxides in effective process motorcycle exhaust, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, excellent in durability simultaneously.
The data simultaneously comparing in Tables 1 and 2 understands, prepared by the catalytic converter of embodiment 1 preparation and embodiment 2～4
Catalytic converter compare, the average cleanup rate highest to CO, CH and NOx, endurance quality is best.
Test example 3
In order to prove that Fe-series catalyst coating is that air outlet section noble metal catalyst coating provides more as air inlet section really
Suitable working range, now does tests below：
The preparation of catalytic converter：
Step (1)～(3)：All with embodiment 1.
Step (4)：Slurry J1 is coated in A1 section outer surface, coated weight A1 section is 140g/L, is then dried, 550 DEG C of roastings
Burn 2h, obtain final product catalytic converter.
In an adjustable waste gas evaluation system, in catalytic converter air inlet section, gas component is debugged as excess air
The scope of coefficient is 0.93～1.03, then operating temperature is set to 350 DEG C, the waste gas composition after test reaction.Air inlet section
Gas composition and by described in this test example 3 catalytic converter work after gas form as shown in table 3 below.
Table 3 air inlet section and air outlet section gas composition after catalytic converter reaction described in test example 3
As can be seen from Table 3, excess air coefficient=0.93～1.03 of air inlet section gas composition, by iron, system urges
After agent coating, the gas of air outlet section consists of excess air coefficient=0.97～1.03.Show to urge by the iron system of air inlet section
Agent coating, changes the gas reaction component of air outlet section noble metal catalyst coating, and the atmosphere after change is more suitable for noble metal and urges
The work of agent coating.
Comparative example 1
Change the length of catalytic converter in embodiment 1, remaining all with embodiment 1, investigates the length pair of catalytic converter
The impact of catalytic converter activity, its result is as shown in table 4.
The impact to catalytic converter activity for the table 4 catalytic converter length
From data in table, when the length controlling catalytic converter is 70～120mm, catalytic converter can effective process
Nitrogen oxides in motorcycle exhaust, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, wherein when length is for 100mm, best results.
Comparative example 2
Change the length ratio of A1 section, A2 section and A3 section in embodiment 1, remaining all with embodiment 1, investigate A1 section, A2 section and
The length of A3 section compares the impact of catalytic converter activity, and its result is as shown in table 5.
The length of table 5A1 section, A2 section and A3 section compares the impact of catalytic converter activity
From data in table, when controlling the length of catalytic converter A1 section, A2 section and A3 section ratio for 0.5～5:0～
0.5:When 1, catalytic converter can nitrogen oxides in effective process motorcycle exhaust, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, wherein
When length is than for 1:0.22:When 1, best results.
Comparative example 3
The shadow to Catalytic Converter Performance for the painting method of this comparative example 3 discussion Fe-series catalyst and noble metal catalyst
Ring.
A, BC-1 catalytic converter
Step (1)～(4)：All with embodiment 1.
Step (5)：Slurry J1 is coated in A1 and A3 section outer surface, coated weight A1 section is 140g/L, A3 section is 150g/L,
Then it is dried, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h, obtain BC-1 catalytic converter.
B, BC-2 catalytic converter
Step (1)～(4)：All with embodiment 1.
Step (5)：Slurry J2 is coated in A1 section and A3 outer surface, coated weight A1 section is 140g/L, A3 section is 150g/L,
Then it is dried, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h, obtain final product BC-2 catalytic converter.
C, BC-3 catalytic converter
Step (1)～(4)：All with embodiment 1.
Step (5)：Slurry J1 is coated in A1 section outer surface, coated weight A1 section is 140g/L, is then dried, 550 DEG C of roastings
Burn 2h, obtain final product BC-3 catalytic converter.
D, BC-4 catalytic converter
Step (1)～(4)：All with embodiment 1.
Step (5)：Slurry J2 is coated in A3 section outer surface, coated weight A3 section is 150g/L, is then dried, 550 DEG C of roastings
Burn 2h, obtain final product BC-4 catalytic converter.
E, BC-5 catalytic converter
Step (1)～(4)：All with embodiment 1.
Step (5)：Slurry J2 and slurry J1 is mixed, is coated in A1 section and A3 section outer surface, coated weight A1 section is
140g/L, A3 section is 150g/L, is then dried, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h, obtains final product BC-5 catalytic converter.
F, BC-6 catalytic converter
Step (1)～(4)：All with embodiment 1.
Step (5)：Slurry J1 is respectively coated on A1 section and A3 section outer surface, coated weight A1 section is 40g/L, A3 section is
50g/L, is then dried, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h, obtains final product semi-finished product；
Step (6)：Slurry J2 is respectively coated on A1 section and the A3 section outer surface of gained semi-finished product, coated weight A1 section is
100g/L, A3 section is 100g/L, is then dried, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h, obtains final product BC-6 catalytic converter.
The catalytic converter of detection embodiment 1 preparation and the activity of each catalytic converter of this comparative example 3 preparation, result is such as
Shown in table 6.
The impact to catalytic converter activity for table 6 catalyst coating processes
From the data in table 6, compared with each catalytic converter being obtained with comparative example 3, the catalysis that embodiment 1 is obtained turns
Change device, to NOx, CO and the HC in motorcycle exhaust, there is higher conversion ratio.Also i other words, of the present invention iron system is urged
Agent and noble metal catalyst are respectively coated on air inlet section and the air outlet section of catalytic converter, than only coat Fe-series catalyst or
Noble metal catalyst or Fe-series catalyst, noble metal catalyst are placed on same coating or by Fe-series catalyst, your gold
Metal catalyst is placed on same section of different coating, is respectively provided with more preferable catalyzed conversion performance.
Comparative example 4
A, prepare catalytic converter BC-7 with reference to patent of invention CN201080057187.9：
(1) by 0.2345g acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione, 1.7885g acetic acid Pd, 0.5975g rhodium nitrate, 1.67g ferric nitrate, 0.2815g
PVP K30 is dissolved in 25g diethylene glycol (DEG), makes 25gpuralox macropore using ultraturrax dispersion machine simultaneously
The suspension of aluminum oxide is mixed with 250g diethylene glycol (DEG).Suspension is heated to 80 DEG C, and adds precious metal solution at such a temperature,
Whole slurry is made to heat 2h at 80 DEG C.Then remove diethylene glycol (DEG) in vacuum (10 bold and unconstrained bars, 100 DEG C), and by institute at 540 DEG C
Obtain powder calcining 1h and (add speed：0.5 DEG C/min, until 350 DEG C；2 DEG C/min, until 540 DEG C；Nitrogen atmosphere), obtained your gold
Belong to powder.
(2) 25g noble metal powder, 0.77g aluminum oxide, 0.77g acetic acid and the mixing of 25g pure water are taken, ball milling makes slurry J3,
The solids content of J3 is 50%；
(3) slurry J3 is coated in A1 section and the A3 section outer surface of metallic carrier, carrier specification is with embodiment 1, Ran Hougan
Dry, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h, make catalytic converter BC-7.
The load capacity of catalytic converter BC-7 is by weight percentage：Pd2.5%, Rh0.22%, Pt0.22%,
Fe2.5%.
B, prepare catalytic converter BC-8 with reference to patent of invention CN1261205C embodiment 1：
(1) add ceria oxide powder in zirconium nitrate solution, its addition makes cerium oxide and zirconic weight ratio for 2:
1, after being thoroughly mixed thing solution, removing moisture is with dry solids.Then electricity consumption donkey is 400～700 in heating-up temperature
Described solid matter is calcined at DEG C.Subsequently, fully pulverize and obtain cerium oxide and zirconic mix powder.
Mix powder, ferric nitrate and adhesive is added to prepare slurries successively in pure water.Mixture in described slurries
The weight percent content of powder and ferric nitrate is respectively 90% and 5%.Adhesive is alumina sol, when being converted into aluminum oxide
When, its content has 10% aluminum oxide.
(2) described slurries are coated the A1 section of metallic carrier and A3 section outer surface, carrier specification with embodiment 1, at 400 DEG C
Lower calcining 1h forms load layer.
(3) platinum nitrate aqueous solution using 0.50mol/L impregnates described load layer, and 1h is dried at 300 DEG C；Then use again
The palladium nitrate aqueous solution of 1.80mol/L impregnates described load layer, and 1h is dried at 300 DEG C；Finally use the nitric acid of 0.50mol/L
Load layer described in rhodium aqueous impregnation, and 1h is dried at 300 DEG C, obtain final product catalytic converter BC-8.
The load capacity of catalytic converter BC-8 is by weight percentage：Pd2.5%, Pt0.22%, Rh0.22%,
Fe5.0%.
Active evaluation test is carried out to the catalytic converter of embodiment 1 and the preparation of this comparative example, the same embodiment of experimental condition
1, result of the test is as shown in table 7.
The Activity evaluation of the catalytic converter of table 7 comparative example 4 preparation
As seen from the results in Table 7, BC-7 and BC-8 catalysis prepared by the catalytic converter prepared by embodiment 1 and comparative example 4
Converter is compared, and the catalytic converter of embodiment 1 preparation has higher conversion ratio to NOx, CO and the HC in motorcycle exhaust.
Long duration test and cost analysis are carried out to the catalytic converter of embodiment 1 and the preparation of this comparative example.Long duration test
Condition is with test example 2.Cost analysis only refers to the cost of noble metal and iron, without catalysis material and metallic carrier, wherein
Pt331.56 unit/g, Pd154.07 unit/g, Rh345.73 unit/g, 0.20 yuan/g of iron.Result is as shown in table 8.
Table 8 catalytic converter is in the test result of motorcycle and cost analysis
| Group | CO[g/km] | THC[g/km] | NOx[g/km] | Cost (unit /) |
| State three standard | ＜ 2.0 | ＜ 0.8 | ＜ 0.15 | —— |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.16 | 0.16 | 0.05 | 18.78 |
| BC-7 | 1.76 | 0.59 | 0.14 | 37.47 |
| BC-8 | 1.78 | 0.52 | 0.13 | 37.57 |
Knowable to table 7 and result shown in table 8, embodiment 1 preparation catalytic converter and comparative example 4 preparation BC-7 and
Although BC-8 catalytic converter all can meet Abgasgesetz, the performance of BC-7 and BC-8 catalytic converter is significantly lower than to be implemented
The catalytic converter of example 1 preparation, and manufacturing cost is 2 times of catalytic converter described in embodiment 1.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of catalytic converter for motorcycle exhaust process, including metallic carrier and be coated in urging of metal carrier surface
Agent coating, metallic carrier is made up of shell and core body,
It is characterized in that：
Described metallic carrier is made up of A1 section, A2 section and A3 section, and A1 section is located at air inlet section, and A3 section is located at air outlet section, and A2 section is located at
Between A1 section and A3 section,
The length of wherein A1 section, A2 section and A3 section is than for 0.5 ~ 5:0~0.5:1；
Described catalyst coat is made up of Fe-series catalyst coating and noble metal catalyst coating；
Described Fe-series catalyst coating is coated in A1 section outer surface, and the active component in Fe-series catalyst coating is iron series element
Metal oxide；
A metal oxide part for described iron series element is supported on hydrogen-storing material, and part load is on alumina；
The metal oxide supported weight on hydrogen-storing material of described iron series element weight ratio on alumina with load
For 1.3 ~ 1.5:1；
Described noble metal catalyst coating is coated in A3 section outer surface, and the active component in noble metal catalyst coating is platinum group unit
The metal oxide of element；
A metal oxide part for described platinum group is supported on hydrogen-storing material, and a part loads on alumina,
The metal oxide supported weight on hydrogen-storing material of described platinum group weight ratio on alumina with load
For 1 ~ 8:1；
Described hydrogen-storing material is cerium oxide, cerium zirconium sosoloid or cerium oxide and zirconic mixture；
A2 section no core body.
2. catalytic converter according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：The length of described catalytic converter be 70 ~
120mm.
3. catalytic converter according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：The length ratio of described A1 section, A2 section and A3 section is
0.5~2.5:0.1~0.4:1.
4. catalytic converter according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：The length ratio of described A1 section, A2 section and A3 section is
0.8~1.2:0.2~0.3:1.
5. catalytic converter according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：In described iron series element chosen from Fe, cobalt, nickel one
Plant or several,
Weight percent content in Fe-series catalyst coating for the metal oxide of iron series element is 0.5 ~ 15%；
Described platinum group is selected from one or more of platinum, palladium, rhodium, osmium, iridium, ruthenium,
Weight percent content in noble metal catalyst coating for the metal oxide of platinum group is 0.5 ~ 15%.
6. catalytic converter according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：The coated weight of described A1 iron leg series catalysts coating
For 40 ~ 140g/L；The coated weight of described A3 section noble metal catalyst coating is 100 ~ 180g/L.
7. a kind of preparation method of catalytic converter as described in any one of claim 1 ~ 6 is it is characterised in that include following walking
Suddenly：
（1）Iron system salt is immersed on hydrogen-storing material and aluminum oxide respectively, is dried, roasting, mixes, make powder I；
（2）Precious metal salt is immersed on hydrogen-storing material and aluminum oxide respectively, is dried, roasting, mixes, make powder II；
（3）Powder I, aluminum oxide, acetic acid and pure water are mixed, ball milling makes slurry J1；
（4）Powder II, aluminum oxide, acetic acid and pure water are mixed, ball milling makes slurry J2；
（5）Slurry J1 is coated in metallic carrier A1 section outer surface, is dried, 500 ~ 600 DEG C of roasting 1 ~ 3h, obtains semi-finished product；
（6）Slurry J2 is coated in step（5）The A3 section outer surface of gained semi-finished product, is dried, 500 ~ 600 DEG C of roasting 1 ~ 3h, that is,
Obtain catalytic converter.
8. preparation method according to claim 7 it is characterised in that：Described step（1）Middle iron system salt is iron series element
Nitrate, acetate or sulfate；Described step（2）Middle precious metal salt is nitrate, acetate or the sulfuric acid of precious metal element
Salt.
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| CN107233912B (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2020-04-07 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Two-stage catalyst for diesel vehicle tail gas treatment and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101845981A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-29 | 雅马哈发动机株式会社 | Saddle-riding type vehicle |
| CN202645688U (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2013-01-02 | 四川中自尾气净化有限公司 | Sectional type catalyst support structure |
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| JP5094199B2 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2012-12-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device |
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| CN101845981A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-29 | 雅马哈发动机株式会社 | Saddle-riding type vehicle |
| CN202645688U (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2013-01-02 | 四川中自尾气净化有限公司 | Sectional type catalyst support structure |
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