CN108273501A - A kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108273501A
CN108273501A CN201810133941.0A CN201810133941A CN108273501A CN 108273501 A CN108273501 A CN 108273501A CN 201810133941 A CN201810133941 A CN 201810133941A CN 108273501 A CN108273501 A CN 108273501A
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slurry
layers
added
way catalyst
rare
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唐宇星
王金波
陈杰
李俊强
谭涛
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CHONGQING HUIHU CATALYST Co Ltd
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CHONGQING HUIHU CATALYST Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/56Platinum group metals
    • B01J23/63Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9445Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/945Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
    • B01J35/60
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/0009Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
    • B01J37/0018Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0215Coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • B01J37/082Decomposition and pyrolysis
    • B01J37/088Decomposition of a metal salt
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/908O2-storage component incorporated in the catalyst
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

A kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst, the three-way catalyst include hydrogen-storing material, modification γ Al2O3, rare-earth additive, binder, noble metal nitrate, the γ Al of the modification2O3The γ Al being modified for La2O3, the hydrogen-storing material is cerium zirconium compound oxide, hydrogen-storing material and modified γ Al2O3Weight ratio is 2:3~3:2, rare-earth additive include zirconium, praseodymium, neodymium, yttrium nitrate it is one or more, account for apply stratum total 1~5%.In coating preparation process, precious metal salt solution is added after dilution, and is stirred overnight, and effectively noble metal can be inhibited to reunite, and improves the dispersion degree of noble metal, to improve the utilization rate of noble metal;Low temperature drying is first used, can avoid in flash drying process, the migration of active component causes active component to be reunited, and avoids being sintered when roasting.Reduce the dosage of noble metal.

Description

A kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle maintenance services, and in particular to a kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst and its preparation side Method.
Background technology
In recent years, China's car ownership gradually increases, a large amount of discharges of vehicle exhaust while offering convenience for the mankind Also it brings and can not be ignored pollution.After automobile starting, due to fuel oil incomplete combustion or high temperature, will produce a large amount of CO, HC and NOx, these pollutants seriously endanger ecological environment and health.Therefore, it is necessary to urgently solve the problems, such as automobile exhaust pollution.
Currently, the processing most effective method of vehicle exhaust is installation automobile exhaust purifier, key technology is that triple effect is urged The preparation of agent.Three-way catalyst generally use ceramic honeycomb is matrix, and coating activated alumina is carrier, then carried noble metal Pt, Pd, Rh etc. are prepared into integral catalyzer as active component, which has catalysis oxidation and catalysis two kinds of work(of reduction Can, although the discharge of HC, CO and NOx can be reduced effectively, the preparation process of the catalyst is complicated, and noble metal cost is higher. Traditional preparation process as described in patent CN200510062095.0, CN201510207711.0 and CN201310358641.X, Using the coating method directly submerged, either carrier or active component is both needed to that catalysis is made through repeatedly impregnating, drying, roast Agent, not only preparation process is complicated, and active component is easy to run off, and coating is easy to fall off, and through multiple drying and roasting, noble metal easy-sintering, Utilization rate is low.
Invention content
For the deficiency in the presence of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of vehicle maintenance service triple effects to urge Agent and preparation method thereof, preparation process of the invention is simple, and noble metal utilisation is high, content is low.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs the following technical solutions:
A kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst, the three-way catalyst include hydrogen-storing material, modification γ-Al2O3、 Rare-earth additive, binder, noble metal nitrate, the γ-Al of the modification2O3γ-the Al being modified for La2O3, the hydrogen-storing material For cerium zirconium compound oxide, hydrogen-storing material and modified γ-Al2O3Weight ratio is 2:3~3:2, rare-earth additive include zirconium, praseodymium, Neodymium, yttrium nitrate it is one or more, account for apply stratum total 1~5%.
The present invention also proposes a kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst preparation method, includes the following steps:
(1) Pd layers of slurry are prepared:First rare-earth additive nitrate is dissolved with appropriate amount of deionized water, adds hydrogen-storing material cerium Zirconium mixed oxide and modified γ-Al2O3, after stirring evenly, palladium nitrate solution is added, stirs 12~24 hours, is added and bonds Agent continues 30~60min of stirring, adjusts pH-value, and water is added to be adjusted to ball milling 30min~60min after required solid content, obtains Pd layers of slurry;
(2) Rh layers of slurry are prepared:First rare-earth additive nitrate is dissolved with appropriate amount of deionized water, adds hydrogen-storing material cerium Zirconium mixed oxide and modified γ-Al2O3, after stirring evenly, rhodium nitrate solution is added, stirs 12~24 hours, is added and bonds Agent continues 30~60min of stirring, adjusts pH-value, and water is added to be adjusted to ball milling 30min~60min after required solid content, obtains Rh layers of slurry;
(3) the coating materials bed of material:Pd layers of slurry are first coated, Rh layers of slurry are coated with after dry;
(4) dry and roasting:It after the coating materials bed of material, is placed in drying box and is dried, be subsequently placed in Muffle furnace and carry out Roasting.
Above-mentioned three-way catalyst contains catalyst activity part i.e. palladium nitrate, rhodium nitrate, oxidations of the wherein Pd as CO, HC Catalytic active component, Rh is as NOXReduction catalysts active constituent.γ-Al2O3It is to urge to have large specific surface area as carrier Change reaction and reacting environment is provided.Hydrogen-storing material can overcome the atmosphere for the redox reaction that air-fuel ratio brings to change.Rare earth helps Agent plays a relatively comprehensive effect here, can cocatalyst active part catalysis reaction, improve catalyst storage Oxygen ability is put, and catalyst ageing resistance can be improved, increases dispersion degree of each section in three-way catalyst, can also prevent Catalyst component and oxidation reactive aluminum, improve the activity of catalyst component.The addition of binder can make the coating where catalyst and bee Nest combination is more secured.The three-way catalyst component of the present invention not only acts as above-mentioned respective effect, and by hydrogen-storing material and Modified γ-Al2O3Ratio, the different rare-earth additives of addition, optimize technique so that catalyst becomes the entirety of a collaboration.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the advantages that:
1, in coating preparation process, precious metal salt solution is added the present invention after dilution, long agitation, can effectively press down Noble metal processed is reunited, and the dispersion degree of noble metal is improved, to improve the utilization rate of noble metal.
2, in containing Precious Metal, addition zirconium, praseodymium, neodymium, yttrium etc. are used as modified additive, can enhance γ-Al2O3's Thermal stability reduces the loss of specific surface area, and can improve the dispersion degree of noble metal, prevents accumulation of metal, further increases expensive Rate of metal, while reducing the dosage of precious metal palladium, in catalyst of the present invention the content of palladium 0.35~1.06g/L it Between.
3, in drying process, low temperature drying is first used, can avoid in flash drying process, the migration of active component causes to live Property component reunite, avoid roasting when be sintered.
4, in roasting process, first 300 DEG C of low-temperature bakes, then 550 DEG C of roastings can not only further decrease active component Migration, can also make coating adhere on honeycomb more secured, improve the mechanical strength of catalyst.
5, coating uses vacuum suction mode, the slurry of identical or different type can be respectively coated at carrier both ends, and can Accounting of the coating on honeycomb is adjusted, coating efficiency is high, and coating is combined more secured with honeycomb.
Specific implementation mode
Below by specific implementation mode, the present invention is described in further detail:
A kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst, the three-way catalyst include hydrogen-storing material, modification γ-Al2O3、 Rare-earth additive, binder, noble metal nitrate, the γ-Al of the modification2O3γ-the Al being modified for La2O3, the hydrogen-storing material For cerium zirconium compound oxide, hydrogen-storing material and modified γ-Al2O3Weight ratio is 2:3~3:2, rare-earth additive include zirconium, praseodymium, Neodymium, yttrium nitrate it is one or more, account for apply stratum total 1~5%.
A kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst preparation method, includes the following steps:
(1) Pd layers of slurry are prepared:First rare-earth additive nitrate is dissolved with appropriate amount of deionized water, adds cerium zirconium composite oxygen Compound and modified γ-Al2O3, after stirring evenly, palladium nitrate solution is added, stirs 12~24 hours, binder is added, continues 30~60min is stirred, adjusts pH-value, and water is added to be adjusted to ball milling 30min~60min after required solid content, obtains Pd layers of slurry Material;
(2) Rh layers of slurry are prepared:First rare-earth additive nitrate is dissolved with appropriate amount of deionized water, adds cerium zirconium composite oxygen Compound and modified γ-Al2O3, after stirring evenly, rhodium nitrate solution is added, stirs 12~24 hours, binder is added, continues 30~60min is stirred, adjusts pH-value, and water is added to be adjusted to ball milling 30min~60min after required solid content, obtains Rh layers of slurry Material;
(3) the coating materials bed of material:Pd layers of slurry are first coated, Rh layers of slurry are coated with after dry;
(4) dry and roasting:It after the coating materials bed of material, is placed in drying box and is dried, be subsequently placed in Muffle furnace and carry out Roasting.
The dosage of Pd ratios Rh nitrate is big in the catalyst, and the mass ratio of palladium nitrate and rhodium nitrate is 9:1, both It is dispersed in modified γ-Al2O3In, modified γ-Al2O3It provides a sufficiently large specific surface area and is provided for noble metal and urged Changing reacting environment, Rh primarily serves the effect of Reduction of NO in catalyst, and Pd primarily serves CO catalytic oxidation and the effect of HC, Due to NOXReduction, need CO and HC as reducing agent, therefore Pd is coated in bottom Rh and is coated in outer layer, can make NO first with CO and HC reactions, extra CO and HC are catalytically oxidized to CO by Pd again2And H2O。
Modification γ-Al in catalyst2O3, hydrogen-storing material and rare-earth additive and noble metal impregnate long agitation jointly, Noble metal reaches high degree of dispersion.
Noble metal after dilution is slowly added to be conducive to further to increase dispersity.
It is 3~4 that pH-value is adjusted described in step (1), and the adjusting pH-value described in step (2) is 3~4.
The effect for adjusting pH-value is equally to prevent from pulp layer from being formed to reunite, and keeps the components such as noble metal, rare-earth additive uniform Dispersion.
Coating materials bed of material mode described in step (3) is vacuum suction.
When coating, slurry is placed in above honeycomb, by the way of vacuum suction, coats honeycomb both ends, it can be by containing admittedly Amount coats height needed for adjusting, and improves coating efficiency, and it is more secured that slurry can be made to be combined with honeycomb.
Dry 80 DEG C of first low temperature dry 1~2h, the latter 120 DEG C dry 2~3h used described in step (3), (4), step Suddenly the roasting described in (4) is using first 300 DEG C of 1~2h of low-temperature bake, then 550 DEG C of 2~4h of roasting.
In drying process, low temperature drying is first used, can avoid in flash drying process, the migration of active component leads to activity Component is reunited, and avoids being sintered when roasting.
In roasting process, first 300 DEG C of low-temperature bakes, then 550 DEG C of roastings can not only further decrease moving for active component It moves, coating can also be made to adhere on honeycomb more secured, improve the mechanical strength of catalyst.
Rare-earth additive nitrate described in step (1) is one or more in zirconium, praseodymium, neodymium, and additive amount is in terms of oxide The score for accounting for solid gross mass in Pd layers of slurry is 1~5%;Rare-earth additive nitrate described in step (2) is in zirconium, praseodymium, yttrium It is one or more, additive amount accounted in terms of oxide solid gross mass in Rh layers of slurry score be 1~5%.
Rare-earth additive can enhance γ-Al2O3Thermal stability, reduce the loss of specific surface area, and noble metal can be improved Dispersion degree, prevent accumulation of metal, further increase noble metal utilisation.
Embodiment 1
It takes zirconium nitrate 1.8g after 70g water dissolutions, the γ-Al that 19g is modified by La is added2O3With 29g cerium-zirconium composite oxides Object is uniformly mixed, and is slowly added dropwise into slurry after 2.2g palladium nitrates are diluted 1 times, is stirred 12 hours;It is added after stirring viscous Agent 1.4g is tied, 30min is stirred, it is 3 to adjust pH value, and ball milling 30min after 18g water is added, obtains Pd layers of slurry;
After taking 1.4g zirconium nitrates to be dissolved in 55g water, the γ-Al that 15g is modified by La are added2O3With 23g cerium-zirconium composite oxides Object is uniformly mixed, and is slowly added dropwise into slurry after 0.46g rhodium nitrates are diluted 2 times, is stirred 12 hours;It is added after stirring viscous Agent 1.1g is tied, 30min is stirred, it is 3 to adjust pH value, and ball milling 30min after 16g water is added, obtains Rh layers of slurry;
Honeycomb specification is diameter 101.6mm, high 62mm, 600 mesh of hole density.Pd layers based on siccative coated weight 100g/L, are divided Honeycomb both ends Zhen Kongchouxi be coated to, are put into air dry oven the dry 1h of first 80 DEG C of low temperature, then 120 DEG C of dry 2h spare. Rh layers based on siccative coated weight 80g/L, Rh layers of slurry vacuum suction are coated in containing Pd layers of ceramic honeycomb both ends, drum is put into The dry 1h of first 80 DEG C of low temperature in wind drying box, then 120 DEG C of dry 2h.First 300 DEG C low-temperature bake 1hs are put into Muffle furnace after drying, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h again, both obtain Pd-Rh double-layer catalysts.
Precious metal salt is slowly dropped into after dilution in slurry, after grinding for a long time, it is fully dispersed in the slurry. Pd layers of slurry are first applied, apply Rh layers of slurry afterwards, Rh first is catalyzed HC, CO and restores NOXReaction, then Pd be catalyzed HC, CO Oxidation reaction.The mode applied by way of vacuum suction, the height on honeycomb can be controlled, and then control noble metal Utilization rate.It applies after Pd layer slurry in such a way that gradient is dried, first low temperature is dried, then with 120 DEG C of dryings, prevents your gold The migration of category;Then the mode roasted with gradient, first low-temperature bake are roasted with 550 DEG C, further prevent the migration of noble metal, It prevents from being sintered.
Embodiment 2
After taking 1.8g zirconium nitrates and 1.3g neodymium nitrates to be dissolved in 70g water, the γ-Al that 19g is modified by La are added2O3And 29g Cerium zirconium compound oxide is uniformly mixed, and takes a concentration of 17.91% palladium nitrate solution 2.67g, be slowly added dropwise after dilution to In slurry, stir 24 hours;Binder 1.4g is added after stirring, stirs 60min, it is 4 to adjust pH value, after 18g water is added Ball milling 50min is added to obtain Pd layers of slurry;
After taking 1.4g zirconium nitrates and 1.0g praseodymium nitrates to be dissolved in 60g water, the γ-Al that 15g is modified by La are added2O3And 23g Cerium zirconium compound oxide is uniformly mixed, and is taken a concentration of 9.47% rhodium nitrate solution 0.56g, is slowly added dropwise after dilution to slurry In material, stir 24 hours;Binder 1.1g is added after stirring, stirs 60min, it is 4 to adjust pH value, and ball after 16g water is added 50min is ground, Rh layers of slurry are obtained.
Honeycomb specification is diameter 101.6mm, high 62mm, 600 mesh of hole density.Pd layers based on siccative coated weight 100g/L, are divided Honeycomb both ends Zhen Kongchouxi be coated to, are put into air dry oven the dry 2h of first 80 DEG C of low temperature, then 120 DEG C of dry 3h spare. Rh layers based on siccative coated weight 80g/L, Rh layers of slurry vacuum suction are coated in containing Pd layers of ceramic honeycomb both ends, drum is put into The dry 2h of first 80 DEG C of low temperature in wind drying box, then 120 DEG C of dry 3h.First 300 DEG C low-temperature bake 2hs are put into Muffle furnace after drying, 550 DEG C of roasting 4h again, both obtain Pd-Rh double-layer catalysts.
Precious metal salt dilutes again after being configured to solution, is then slowly dropped into slurry, after grinding for a long time, more It is fully dispersed in the slurry.Rare-earth additive ratio increases, and rare-earth additive role more highlights.The catalytic capability of catalyst The utilization rate for being primarily due to noble metal is relatively high.1. the precious metal salt dispersion after dilution is in the slurry, no and modified γ-Al2O3Reaction, does not assemble;②γ-Al2O3The required reacting environment of catalyst is provided with the ratio of hydrogen-storing material, With the needs to oxygen;3. the addition of rare-earth additive makes effect become apparent from, the effect of catalyst each section is not simple phase Add, but with synergistic effect.Pd layers of slurry are first applied, apply Rh layers of slurry afterwards, Rh first is catalyzed HC, CO and restores NOXIt is anti- It answers, then Pd is catalyzed the oxidation reaction of HC, CO.The mode applied by way of vacuum suction, can control on honeycomb Highly, and then the utilization rate of noble metal is controlled.After Pd layers of slurry of coating in the way of gradient drying, first low temperature drying, Again with 120 DEG C of dryings, the migration of noble metal is prevented;Then the mode roasted with gradient, first low-temperature bake are roasted with 550 DEG C, into One step prevents the migration of noble metal, prevents from being sintered.
Embodiment 3
After taking 2.6g praseodymium nitrates, 2.6g neodymium nitrates and 1.3g zirconium nitrates to be dissolved in 70g water, it is added what 27g was modified by La γ-Al2O3It is uniformly mixed with 18g cerium zirconium compound oxides, takes a concentration of 17.91% palladium nitrate solution 2.67g, diluted After be slowly added dropwise into slurry, stir 18 hours;Binder 1.4g is added after stirring, stirs 45min, it is 3 to adjust pH value, Ball milling 45min after addition 18g water, is added to obtain Pd layers of slurry.
After taking 2.1g praseodymium nitrates, 2.7g yttrium nitrates and 1.4g zirconium nitrates to be dissolved in 60g water, it is added what 22g was modified by La γ-Al2O3It is uniformly mixed with 15g cerium zirconium compound oxides, a concentration of 9.47% rhodium nitrate solution 0.56g is taken, after dilution It is slowly added dropwise into slurry, stirs 18 hours;Binder 1.1g is added after stirring, stirs 45min, it is 3 to adjust pH value, and Ball milling 45min after addition 16g water, obtains Rh layers of slurry;
Honeycomb specification is diameter 101.6mm, high 62mm, 600 mesh of hole density.Pd layers based on siccative coated weight 100g/L, are divided Honeycomb both ends Zhen Kongchouxi be coated to, are put into air dry oven the dry 1h of first 80 DEG C of low temperature, then 120 DEG C of dry 2h spare. Rh layers based on siccative coated weight 80g/L, Rh layers of slurry vacuum suction are coated in containing Pd layers of ceramic honeycomb both ends, drum is put into The dry 1h of first 80 DEG C of low temperature in wind drying box, then 120 DEG C of dry 2h.First 300 DEG C low-temperature bake 1hs are put into Muffle furnace after drying, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h again, both obtain Pd-Rh double-layer catalysts.
Precious metal salt dilutes again after being configured to solution, is then slowly dropped into slurry, after grinding for a long time, more It is fully dispersed in the slurry.Rare-earth additive ratio increases, and rare-earth additive role more highlights.The catalytic capability of catalyst The utilization rate for being primarily due to noble metal is relatively high.1. the precious metal salt dispersion after dilution is in the slurry, no and modified γ-Al2O3Reaction, does not assemble;②γ-Al2O3The required reacting environment of catalyst is provided with the ratio of hydrogen-storing material, With the needs to oxygen;3. the addition of rare-earth additive makes effect become apparent from, the effect of catalyst each section is not simple phase Add, but with synergistic effect.Pd layers of slurry are first applied, apply Rh layers of slurry afterwards, Rh first is catalyzed HC, CO and restores NOXIt is anti- It answers, then Pd is catalyzed the oxidation reaction of HC, CO.The mode applied by way of vacuum suction, can control on honeycomb Highly, and then the utilization rate of noble metal is controlled.After Pd layers of slurry of coating in the way of gradient drying, first low temperature drying, Again with 120 DEG C of dryings, the migration of noble metal is prevented;Then the mode roasted with gradient, first low-temperature bake are roasted with 550 DEG C, into One step prevents the migration of noble metal, prevents from being sintered.
Comparative example 1
γ-the Al for taking 19g to be modified by La2O3It is mixed with 29g cerium zirconium compound oxides, 70g water is added and stirs evenly, it will 2.2g palladium nitrates are slowly added dropwise after diluting 1 times into slurry, stir 12 hours;Binder 1.4g, stirring are added after stirring 30min, it is 3 to adjust pH value, and ball milling 30min after 19.8g water is added, obtains Pd layers of slurry;
γ-the Al for taking 15g to be modified by La2O3It is mixed with 23g cerium zirconium compound oxides, 55g water is added and stirs evenly, it will 0.46g rhodium nitrates are slowly added dropwise after diluting 2 times into slurry, stir 12 hours;Binder 1.1g, stirring are added after stirring 30min, it is 3 to adjust pH value, and ball milling 30min after 17.4g water is added, obtains Rh layers of slurry;
Honeycomb specification is diameter 101.6mm, high 62mm, 600 mesh of hole density.Pd layers based on siccative coated weight 100g/L, are divided Honeycomb both ends Zhen Kongchouxi be coated to, are put into air dry oven the dry 1h of first 80 DEG C of low temperature, then 120 DEG C of dry 2h spare. Rh layers based on siccative coated weight 80g/L, Rh layers of slurry vacuum suction are coated in containing Pd layers of ceramic honeycomb both ends, drum is put into The dry 1h of first 80 DEG C of low temperature in wind drying box, then 120 DEG C of dry 2h.First 300 DEG C low-temperature bake 1hs are put into Muffle furnace after drying, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h again, both obtain Pd-Rh double-layer catalysts.
Comparative example 2
After taking 1.8g zirconium nitrates and 1.3g neodymium nitrates to be dissolved in 70g water, the γ-Al that 19g is modified by La are added2O3And 29g Cerium zirconium compound oxide is uniformly mixed, and is taken a concentration of 17.91% palladium nitrate 2.67g, is slowly added dropwise into slurry, stirring 24 hours;Binder 1.4g is added after stirring, stirs 60min, it is 4 to adjust pH value, and ball milling 50min after 18g water is added, adds Add and has obtained Pd layers of slurry;
After taking 1.4g zirconium nitrates and 1.0g praseodymium nitrates to be dissolved in 60g water, the γ-Al that 15g is modified by La are added2O3And 23g Cerium zirconium compound oxide is uniformly mixed, and is taken a concentration of 9.47% rhodium nitrate solution 0.56g, is slowly added dropwise into slurry, Stirring 24 hours;Binder 1.1g is added after stirring, stirs 60min, it is 4 to adjust pH value, and ball milling after 16g water is added 30min obtains Rh layers of slurry.
Honeycomb specification is diameter 101.6mm, high 62mm, 600 mesh of hole density.Pd layers based on siccative coated weight 100g/L, are divided Honeycomb both ends Zhen Kongchouxi be coated to, are put into air dry oven the dry 1h of first 80 DEG C of low temperature, then 120 DEG C of dry 2h spare. Rh layers based on siccative coated weight 80g/L, Rh layers of slurry vacuum suction are coated in containing Pd layers of ceramic honeycomb both ends, drum is put into The dry 2h of first 80 DEG C of low temperature in wind drying box, then 120 DEG C of dry 3h.First 300 DEG C low-temperature bake 2hs are put into Muffle furnace after drying, 550 DEG C of roasting 4h again, both obtain Pd-Rh double-layer catalysts.
Comparative example 3
After taking 2.6g praseodymium nitrates, 2.6g neodymium nitrates and 1.3g zirconium nitrates to be dissolved in 70g water, it is added what 27g was modified by La γ-Al2O3It is uniformly mixed with 18g cerium zirconium compound oxides, takes a concentration of 17.91% palladium nitrate solution 2.67g, diluted After be slowly added dropwise into slurry, stir 18 hours;Binder 1.4g is added after stirring, stirs 45min, it is 3 to adjust pH value, Ball milling 45min after addition 18g water, is added to obtain Pd layers of slurry.
After taking 2.1g praseodymium nitrates, 2.7g yttrium nitrates and 1.4g zirconium nitrates to be dissolved in 60g water, it is added what 22g was modified by La γ-Al2O3It is uniformly mixed with 15g cerium zirconium compound oxides, a concentration of 9.47% rhodium nitrate solution 0.56g is taken, after dilution It is slowly added dropwise into slurry, stirs 18 hours;Binder 1.1g is added after stirring, stirs 45min, it is 3 to adjust pH value, and Ball milling 45min after addition 16g water, obtains Rh layers of slurry;
Honeycomb specification is diameter 101.6mm, high 62mm, 600 mesh of hole density.Pd layers based on siccative coated weight 100g/L, apply Honeycomb is immersed in Pd pulp layer 20min when covering, extra raffinate in duct is removed after taking-up, the dry 2h at 120 DEG C, then at horse Not 550 DEG C of roasting 2h in stove, then be impregnated in Rh layers of slurry and taken out after 20min, extra raffinate in duct is removed, at 120 DEG C Dry 2h, 550 DEG C of roasting 2h, are made Pd-Rh catalyst in Muffle furnace.
Catalyst test:
Catalyst performance test carries out in stainless steel fixed bed reactors, and simulated automotive tail gas group becomes:CO 0.75%, C3H8300ppm、C3H6600ppm、NO 500ppm、O20.8%, CO210%, N2For Balance Air, air speed 40000h-1, gas is formed divides FGA-4100 exhaust gas analyzers to analyze by Buddhist.According to embodiment 1,2,3 three-way catalyst carry out Contrast test, the results are shown in table below:(the ignition ability of reaction three-way catalyst and maximum detergent power)
Comparative example 1 is identical with the preparation process of embodiment 1, but that zirconium nitrate is not added in the Pd layer slurries of comparative example 1, Also that zirconium nitrate is not added in Rh layers of slurry, by test result:The ignition ability of embodiment 1 and maximum detergent power are all It is more with obvious effects than comparative example 1.It can be seen that rare-earth additive contributes to the raising of three-way catalyst performance.
Comparative example 2 is identical with the preparation process of embodiment 2, but the palladium nitrate solution that the Pd layer slurries of comparative example 2 are added It is not diluted 17.91% palladium nitrate solution, the rhodium nitrate solution that Rh layers of slurry is added is also undiluted.Pass through test result Known to:The effect of embodiment 2 is more with obvious effects than comparative example 2.So the noble metal after dilution is more dispersed, noble metal utilizes effect The performance of rate higher, three-way catalyst is more preferable.
Comparative example 3 is identical with the preparation process of embodiment 3, but the coating method of comparative example 3 is impregnated, only with 120 DEG C dry 2 hours, Muffle furnace roasted 2 hours.By test result:By being sucked by vacuum coating method, low temperature drying, low The preparation process of temperature roasting is better than with dipping, direct high temperature drying, the preparation process of high-temperature roasting.
The maximum difference of 1,2,3 preparation process of embodiment is the rare-earth additive type difference being added, and effect is most notably Three kinds of rare-earth additives are added, the embodiment 3 of the precious metal solution after dilution is added,
Equally it is to add three kinds of rare-earth additives, comparative example 3 uses impregnation method to coat, high temperature drying, high temperature roasting It burns, effect is a kind of mode that effect is worst in all comparative examples.It can be seen that coating method, drying temperature, calcination temperature.It influences To the dispersity of noble metal, the utilization rate of noble metal is reduced, reduces the effect of three-way catalyst.
Catalyst especially noble metal component can be made to keep preferable dispersivity and dispersion energy as it can be seen that rare-earth additive is added Power.Rare-earth additive is present in modified γ-Al2O3In, the thermal stability of catalyst can be enhanced, stablize the height point of noble metal Bulk state improves conversion ratio.Gradient type drying temperature and calcination temperature contribute to the mechanical strength for increasing catalyst, carry simultaneously High catalytic performance.Meanwhile the effect of each section in catalyst is not to be simply added, but make with certain collaboration With, coordinate the present invention preparation method, reduce the dosage of noble metal so that the best results of three small catalysts.
Finally illustrate, the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although with reference to compared with Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, it can be to the skill of the present invention Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this In the right of invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst, the three-way catalyst include hydrogen-storing material, modification γ-Al2O3, it is dilute Native auxiliary agent, binder, noble metal nitrate, it is characterised in that:γ-the Al of the modification2O3γ-the Al being modified for La2O3, institute It is cerium zirconium compound oxide, hydrogen-storing material and modified γ-Al to state hydrogen-storing material2O3Weight ratio is 2:3~3:2, rare-earth additive packet Include zirconium, praseodymium, neodymium, yttrium nitrate it is one or more, account for apply stratum total 1~5%.
2. a kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst preparation method, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps:
(1) Pd layers of slurry are prepared:First rare-earth additive nitrate is dissolved with appropriate amount of deionized water, adds cerium zirconium compound oxide With modified γ-Al2O3, after stirring evenly, palladium nitrate solution is added, stirs 12~24 hours, binder is added, continues to stir 30~60min adjusts pH-value, and water is added to be adjusted to ball milling 30min~60min after required solid content, obtains Pd layers of slurry;
(2) Rh layers of slurry are prepared:First rare-earth additive nitrate is dissolved with appropriate amount of deionized water, adds cerium zirconium compound oxide With modified γ-Al2O3, after stirring evenly, rhodium nitrate solution is added, stirs 12~24 hours, binder is added, continues to stir 30~60min adjusts pH-value, and water is added to be adjusted to ball milling 30min~60min after required solid content, obtains Rh layers of slurry;
(3) the coating materials bed of material:Pd layers of slurry are first coated, Rh layers of slurry are coated with after dry;
(4) dry and roasting:It after the coating materials bed of material, is placed in drying box and is dried, be subsequently placed in Muffle furnace and roasted.
3. a kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Step (1) it is 3~4 that pH-value is adjusted described in, and the adjusting pH-value described in step (2) is 3~4.
4. a kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Step (3) the coating materials bed of material mode described in is vacuum suction.
5. a kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Step (3), dry 80 DEG C of first the low temperature dry 1~2h, latter 120 DEG C dry 2~3h, described in step (4) used described in (4) Roasting is using first 300 DEG C of 1~2h of low-temperature bake, then 550 DEG C of 2~4h of roasting.
6. a kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Step (1) rare-earth additive nitrate described in is one or more in zirconium, praseodymium, neodymium, and additive amount is accounted in terms of oxide in Pd layers of slurry The score of solid gross mass is 1~5%;Rare-earth additive nitrate described in step (2) is zirconium, praseodymium, one or more in yttrium, The score that additive amount accounts for solid gross mass in Rh layers of slurry in terms of oxide is 1~5%.
CN201810133941.0A 2018-02-09 2018-02-09 A kind of vehicle maintenance service three-way catalyst and preparation method thereof Pending CN108273501A (en)

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CN108927168A (en) * 2018-07-16 2018-12-04 山东艾泰克环保科技股份有限公司 A kind of natural gas vehicle three-way catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN109174077A (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-01-11 安徽菲扬新材料有限公司 A kind of vehicle maintenance service catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN109225213A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-01-18 江苏几维环境科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of motor vehicle tail-gas purifying close coupling three-way catalyst
CN109351355A (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-02-19 台州欧信环保净化器有限公司 A kind of Motorcycle catalytic converter and preparation method thereof meeting motorcycle state four standard
CN109675557A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-04-26 无锡威孚环保催化剂有限公司 Noble metal catalyst and preparation method thereof with high thermal stability
CN109876793A (en) * 2019-03-17 2019-06-14 中自环保科技股份有限公司 A kind of three-way catalyst preparation method and its catalyst with high CO detergent power
CN111437811A (en) * 2019-01-17 2020-07-24 上海清气环保科技有限公司 High-performance automobile exhaust purification catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN111672509A (en) * 2020-03-05 2020-09-18 王金波 Nano noble metal catalyst for purifying automobile exhaust and preparation method thereof
CN112023986A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-04 无锡威孚环保催化剂有限公司 Automobile exhaust purification catalyst and preparation method thereof

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CN202823403U (en) * 2012-08-09 2013-03-27 上海歌地催化剂有限公司 Double-deck coating structure of honeycomb ceramic carrier
CN106732583A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-31 湖南稀土金属材料研究院 Three way conversion catalyst for purificationof tail gas of automobile and preparation method thereof

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CN101433846A (en) * 2008-12-17 2009-05-20 天津大学 Cerium-based composite oxides supported precious metal three-effect catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN202823403U (en) * 2012-08-09 2013-03-27 上海歌地催化剂有限公司 Double-deck coating structure of honeycomb ceramic carrier
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Cited By (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108927168A (en) * 2018-07-16 2018-12-04 山东艾泰克环保科技股份有限公司 A kind of natural gas vehicle three-way catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN109225213A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-01-18 江苏几维环境科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of motor vehicle tail-gas purifying close coupling three-way catalyst
CN109174077A (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-01-11 安徽菲扬新材料有限公司 A kind of vehicle maintenance service catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN109351355A (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-02-19 台州欧信环保净化器有限公司 A kind of Motorcycle catalytic converter and preparation method thereof meeting motorcycle state four standard
CN109675557A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-04-26 无锡威孚环保催化剂有限公司 Noble metal catalyst and preparation method thereof with high thermal stability
CN109675557B (en) * 2019-01-09 2022-03-18 无锡威孚环保催化剂有限公司 Noble metal catalyst with high thermal stability and preparation method thereof
CN111437811A (en) * 2019-01-17 2020-07-24 上海清气环保科技有限公司 High-performance automobile exhaust purification catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN109876793A (en) * 2019-03-17 2019-06-14 中自环保科技股份有限公司 A kind of three-way catalyst preparation method and its catalyst with high CO detergent power
CN111672509A (en) * 2020-03-05 2020-09-18 王金波 Nano noble metal catalyst for purifying automobile exhaust and preparation method thereof
CN112023986A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-04 无锡威孚环保催化剂有限公司 Automobile exhaust purification catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN112023986B (en) * 2020-09-18 2022-09-16 无锡威孚环保催化剂有限公司 Automobile exhaust purification catalyst and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20180713