CN104003416B - A kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device and method - Google Patents
A kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device and method, comprise entrance, main reaction section, the contraction section of inverted cone tubulose, outlet section, entrance is connected with the top of main reaction section, the bottom of main reaction section is connected with outlet section by contraction section, entrance comprises volute air-inlet pipeline, maintain eddy flow and reduce the drainage channel of pressure drop and reduce warm air flow velocity and the expansion section of steady flow condition, the spiral rotating inner ring of volute air-inlet pipeline is provided with the turning vane be connected with volute air-inlet pipeline, two adjacent turning vane composition drainage channels, drainage channel is connected with expansion section, The present invention reduces the phenomenon of urea crystals, extend the pyrolytic reaction residence time, ensure that urea reaches abundant pyrolysis in pyrolysis installation, reduce the device pressure-losses, ensure the efficient of whole system, steady running, device is simple, reduce the expense caused by operation and maintenance pyrolysis plant, extend the cycle of scheduled maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of selective catalytic reduction flue gas denitration, be specifically related to a kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device and method.
Background technology
Selective catalytic reduction flue gas denitration and SCR denitrating flue gas, SCR is the power-plant flue gas method of denitration of current widespread use.In denitrating system, reductive agent is maximum running stores, and its consuming cost directly has influence on the macroeconomic index of denitrating system, and at present, SCR denitrating flue gas reductive agent comprises liquefied ammonia, ammoniacal liquor and urea.Liquefied ammonia, ammoniacal liquor and urea all can be used as denitrating flue gas reductive agent, along with denitrification reducing agent preparation, store with provisioning technique day by day maturation, the selection principle of denitrification reducing agent transfers to gradually based on safety and economy.Liquefied ammonia is hazardous chemical, along with country is to the pay attention to day by day of safety problem, putting into effect a series of relevant restriction just gradually, making power plant being subject to increasing restriction with during liquefied ammonia in all many-sides such as examination & approval, duration, occupations of land, also comparatively loaded down with trivial details by the program of environmental protection inspection and acceptance after putting into operation; Ammoniacal liquor is the limitation also applied because its running cost remains high.As non-hazardous feed for ammonia production, urea pyrolysis ammonia has the denitration performance identical with liquefied ammonia, and urea is green fertilizer, nontoxicity, does not thus have regulation limitations, and is convenient to transport, storage and uses.SCR denitration adopts urea to be that reductive agent has become a kind of trend at home at present.
Traditional urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device is the elevated temperature vessel of inner hollow, and warm air or heat smoke are entered by device top, ensures to maintain enough ureaclastic temperature in pyrolysis installation.Generally be provided with homogenizing plate or spiral board at pyrolysis installation inlet section, homogenizing plate is generally sieve tray, and on sieve tray, uniform pore openings is to ensure even flow field; Spiral board is used for forming eddy flow on the one hand, and improving gas and the residence time of reactant in pyrolysis oven, is then reduce air resistance as much as possible on the other hand.But the current ubiquitous problem of urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device comprises: the existence of (1) homogenizing plate or spiral board substantially increases the pressure-losses of whole urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device, thus adds power consumption and working cost; (2) for homogenizing plate, the permanent operation of system is easy to cause the perforate on homogenizing plate to block because of the too much accumulation of dust, perforate, once blocking, can make the Flow and heat flux of whole device out of control, and then cause regional area place reactant pyrolysis in device incomplete; (3) for spiral board, it makes the Flow and heat flux in pyrolysis installation be difficult to evenly to the cyclonic effect of air-flow, easily cause urea soln to be stained with wall and crystallization at wall low speed or low-temperature region, permanent operation even can cause the blocking completely of pyrolysis installation; (4) in order to air-flow reasonably to be introduced the main reaction section of urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device from ingress, current device is usually designed with multistage and expands pipe, adds the total height of device.
A kind of pyrolysis installation of urea ammonia is disclosed in patent CN201020633701.6, comprise gas inlet, reaction chamber that inside is provided with spray gun and pneumatic outlet, gas inlet is arranged at reaction chamber top, pneumatic outlet is arranged at reaction chamber bottom, also comprises and is arranged at the inner and sieve plate type flow distributor on spray gun top of reaction chamber.Pyrolysis installation solves in prior art exists the problem that in urea pyrolysis device, distribution of air flow is not good, volume is excessive, but sieve tray is because percentage of open area is not high, so shock resistance is larger, cause overall pressure drop undesirable, and because gas flow rate vector normal is downward, be unfavorable for strengthening gas and the residence time of reactant in device, the space so the program is still significantly improved.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome urea crystals, the device pressure-losses is large, the pyrolytic reaction residence time is not enough, the shortcoming of device complexity, the invention provides a kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device and method, decrease the phenomenon of urea crystals, extend the pyrolytic reaction residence time, ensure that urea reaches abundant pyrolysis in pyrolysis installation, reduce the device pressure-losses, ensure efficient, the steady running of whole system, device is simple, reduce the expense caused by operation and maintenance pyrolysis plant, extend the cycle of scheduled maintenance.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device, comprise entrance, carry out the main reaction section of urea pyrolysis ammonia react, the contraction section of inverted cone tubulose, by the outlet section that obtained ammonia is discharged, entrance is connected with the top of main reaction section, the bottom of main reaction section is connected with outlet section by contraction section, it is characterized in that, entrance comprises volute air-inlet pipeline, maintain eddy flow and reduce the drainage channel of pressure drop and reduce warm air flow velocity and the expansion section of steady flow condition, the spiral rotating inner ring of volute air-inlet pipeline is provided with the turning vane be connected with volute air-inlet pipeline, two adjacent turning vane composition drainage channels, drainage channel is connected with expansion section, define the Flow and heat flux needed for urea pyrolysis, decrease the phenomenon of urea crystals, reduce the device pressure-losses, ensure the efficient of whole system, steady running.
Expansion section is conical tube, and one end of turning vane is connected with volute air-inlet pipeline, and the other end is connected with the conical tube of expansion section.
Drainage channel is the open channel of both ends open all round closure, and is obliquely installed along flow rotation direction, makes air-flow flow into main reaction Duan Shicheng eddy flow state, increases the residence time of air-flow in device, ensure the ammonia efficiency processed of urea soln.
Drainage channel circumferentially shape is evenly distributed in the spiral rotating inner ring of volute air-inlet pipeline, and drainage channel at least arranges 3, is preferably 3-6, makes warm air form uniform eddy flow, steady flow condition.
Volute air-inlet install pipeline has upper cover plate, and upper cover plate is connected with volute air-inlet pipeline, by the top cover of drainage channel and expansion section, prevents tip leak.
The bottom of drainage channel is provided with lower cover, and one end of lower cover is connected with volute air-inlet pipeline, and the other end is connected with the end face of the conical tube of expansion section, and turning vane supports and closed by lower cover, prevents bottom gas leakage.
Volute air-inlet pipeline is helical pipe, and its cross-sectional area reduces gradually.
The end face of volute air-inlet pipeline is closed or extends to opening end and make it to be connected with volute air-inlet pipeline.
Main reaction section is right cylinder, and in main reaction section, be provided with the twin spray gun of the urea soln providing atomization, spray gun is evenly arranged along the inner peripheral surface of main reaction section, and spray gun is provided with 4-6 root, makes the urea soln uniform contact in warm air and spray gun.
The ammonia method processed that volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device adopts, it is characterized in that, warm air enters in pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device, warm air distributes ringwise in pipeline, the warm air of annular is constantly derived in pipeline, and the warm air of derivation forms eddy flow, from top to bottom with urea soln uniform contact, pyrogenically prepared ammonia, its reaction equation is as follows:
CO(NH
2)
2→NH
3+HNCO
HNCO+H
2O→NH
3+CO
2。
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, decrease the phenomenon of urea crystals, extend the pyrolytic reaction residence time, ensure that urea reaches abundant pyrolysis in pyrolysis installation, reduce the device pressure-losses, ensure efficient, the steady running of whole system, device is simple, reduce the expense caused by operation and maintenance pyrolysis plant, extend the cycle of scheduled maintenance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device of the present invention and method are specifically described.
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of entrance of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, entrance 1, volute air-inlet pipeline 2, drainage channel 3, expansion section 4, main reaction section 5, contraction section 6, outlet section 7, spray gun 8.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device, comprises entrance 1, main reaction section 5, the contraction section 6 of inverted cone tubulose, outlet section 7.Wherein, entrance 1 comprises volute air-inlet pipeline 2, drainage channel 3 and expansion section 4.As shown in Figure 2, in entrance 1, volute air-inlet pipeline 2 is connected with expansion section 4 by drainage channel 3, is caused in expansion section 4 by the vortex gas-flow in volute air-inlet pipeline 2.Expansion section 4 is connected with the top of main reaction section 5, and the bottom of main reaction section 5 is connected with outlet section 7 by contraction section 6.Whole pyrolysis installation structure is simple, and urea pyrolysis device hollow, reduces the pressure resistance of whole device, reduces the expense caused by operation and maintenance pyrolysis plant, extends the cycle of scheduled maintenance.
As shown in Figure 2, volute air-inlet pipeline 2 is the helical pipe closed, and the sectional area of pipeline reduces gradually, makes warm air present annular spread.The terminal surface of volute air-inlet pipeline 2 is closed, or makes it to be connected with volute air-inlet pipeline 2 to opening end extension, and such warm air forms the gas circulated in volute air-inlet pipeline.
Drainage channel 3 is made up of adjacent two turning vanes, and turning vane is as the sidewall of drainage channel 3.Turning vane is arranged on the inside of volute air-inlet pipeline 2, and is connected with volute air-inlet pipeline.Thus drainage channel 3 is opened in the open channel in the spiral rotating inner ring of volute air-inlet pipeline 2, and open channel is both ends open all round closure.The other end of drainage channel 3 is connected with expansion section 4.Drainage channel 3 is the open channels connecting volute air-inlet pipeline 2 and expansion section 4, warm air is made to flow into expansion section 4 by drainage channel 3, and be closed at non-drainage channel place, warm air can not be derived, to next drainage channel, then by drainage channel, warm air can only to be imported in expansion section by state flow ringwise.Drainage channel 3 at least arranges three, and preferably arrange 3-6, most preferred is 4.Drainage channel 3 circumferentially shape is evenly distributed, and is obliquely installed along flow rotation direction, and thus drainage channel 3 is overall curved, the object maintain eddy flow to reach, reducing pressure drop.Expansion section 4 is conical tube, and one end of turning vane is connected with volute air-inlet pipeline 2, and the other end is connected with the conical tube of expansion section 4.Expansion section 4 is expanded to main reaction section 5 gradually by volute air-inlet pipeline 2, and diameter increases gradually, reduces warm air flow velocity and steady flow condition, and the extended corner of expansion section 4 is 20 °-60 °.
Volute air-inlet pipeline 2 is provided with upper cover plate, and bottom is provided with lower cover.Upper cover plate is connected with volute air-inlet pipeline 2, and the turning vane of drainage channel 3 contacts with upper cover plate, and upper cover plate, by the top cover of drainage channel 3 with expansion section 4, prevents warm air from being run out of by top.One end of lower cover is connected with volute air-inlet pipeline 2, and the other end is connected with the end face of the conical tube of expansion section 4, and turning vane supports and closed by lower cover.Prevent hot gas flow from being run out of by bottom.
Urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device uses the air inlet of volute air-inlet pipeline 2 that warm air is distributed ringwise, due to the effect of drainage channel 3, the warm air distributed ringwise is formed eddy flow, the Flow and heat flux of warm air is evenly distributed.Expansion section 4 reduces the speed of warm air, stabilizes flow field, and the warm air of eddy flow is more stably reacted with the urea soln in spray gun.Urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device adopts volute air-inlet pipeline 2 to be also aided with drainage channel 3 and expansion section 4, is closing on wall place, and make warm air define speed and all slightly high region of temperature, what effectively prevent atomize urea solution is stained with wall and crystallization.
As shown in Figure 1, main reaction section 5 is right cylinder, is the reactor of urea pyrolysis ammonia, adopts stainless material to make.In main reaction section 5, be provided with twin spray gun 8, be used to provide the urea soln of atomization.Spray gun 8 is evenly arranged along the inner peripheral surface of main reaction section 5, is provided with 4-6 root.The layout of spray gun 8 should avoid the inner circulating reflux region that eddy flow causes.Contraction section 6 is shunk to outlet section 7 gradually by main reaction section 5, reduced diameter, conforms to the diameter of outlet section, is convenient to be connected with outlet section.The converging angles of contraction section 6 is at 50 °-70 °.
The warm air of 480 DEG C-650 DEG C enters through volute air-inlet pipeline 2, warm air is distributed ringwise, the drainage channel 3 that volute air-inlet pipeline 2 is offered guides warm air to enter expansion section 4, the warm air of annular spread forms eddy flow due to the guiding function of drainage channel, enters main reaction section 5 by expansion section 4.Spray gun 8 in main reaction section 5 is connected to two-way outlet: a road is the urea soln configured, a road is atomizing air, and two-way outlet makes urea soln be atomized.Urea soln sprays into main reaction section 5 by spray gun 8, and the urea soln of atomization reacts with the warm air uniform contact under eddy flow state flow from top to bottom in main reaction section 5, and urea pyrolysis generates ammonia, and its reaction equation is as follows:
CO(NH
2)
2→NH
3+HNCO
HNCO+H
2O→NH
3+CO
2
Ammonia after pyrolysis delivers to outlet section 7 by contraction section 6.
Urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device adopts volute air-inlet pipeline and is aided with drainage channel and expansion section air inlet, reduce the resistance of whole system to greatest extent, be conducive to the efficient of pyrolysis system, steady running, and make air-flow form eddy flow in device, and volute air-inlet pipeline makes urea pyrolysis device obtain the annular spread of gas on cross section, especially wall place is being closed on, speed and all slightly high region of temperature can be formed, effectively prevent due to flow velocity different with temperature and cause urea soln be stained with wall and crystallization, define the Flow and heat flux needed for urea pyrolysis, add the pyrolytic reaction residence time.
Claims (8)
1. a volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device, comprise entrance (1), carry out the main reaction section (5) of urea pyrolysis ammonia react, the contraction section (6) of inverted cone tubulose, the outlet section (7) that obtained ammonia is discharged, described entrance (1) is connected with the top of main reaction section (5), the bottom of main reaction section (5) is connected with outlet section (7) by contraction section (6), it is characterized in that, described entrance (1) comprises volute air-inlet pipeline (2), maintain eddy flow and reduce the drainage channel (3) of pressure drop and reduce warm air flow velocity and the expansion section of steady flow condition (4), the spiral rotating inner ring of volute air-inlet pipeline (2) is provided with the turning vane be connected with volute air-inlet pipeline (2), two adjacent turning vanes composition drainage channel (3), described drainage channel (3) is connected with expansion section (4), described expansion section (4) is conical tube, and one end of described turning vane is connected with volute air-inlet pipeline (2), and the other end is connected with the conical tube of expansion section (4), the open channel that described drainage channel (3) is both ends open all round closure, and be obliquely installed along flow rotation direction.
2. a kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described drainage channel (3) circumferentially shape is evenly distributed in the spiral rotating inner ring of volute air-inlet pipeline (2), and drainage channel (3) at least arranges 3.
3. a kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described volute air-inlet pipeline (2) is provided with upper cover plate, described upper cover plate is connected with volute air-inlet pipeline (2), by the top cover of drainage channel (3) with expansion section (4).
4. a kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described drainage channel (3) is provided with lower cover, one end of described lower cover is connected with volute air-inlet pipeline (2), the other end is connected with the end face of the conical tube of expansion section (4), and turning vane supports and closed by described lower cover.
5. a kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described volute air-inlet pipeline (2) is helical pipe, and its cross-sectional area reduces gradually.
6. a kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, one end of described volute air-inlet pipeline (2) is the opening be connected with entrance (1), and the end face of the other end is closed or extends to opening end and make it to be connected with volute air-inlet pipeline (2).
7. a kind of volute air-inlet whirlwind-type urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described main reaction section (5) is right cylinder, the twin spray gun (8) of the urea soln that atomization is provided is provided with in main reaction section (5), described spray gun (8) is evenly arranged along the inner peripheral surface of main reaction section, and described spray gun (8) arranges 4-6 root.
8. the ammonia method processed adopted according to the whirlwind-type of volute air-inlet described in claim 1-7 urea pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device, it is characterized in that, warm air enters in pyrolysis ammonia-preparing device, warm air distributes ringwise in pipeline, the warm air of annular is constantly derived in pipeline, and the warm air of derivation forms eddy flow, from top to bottom with urea soln uniform contact, pyrogenically prepared ammonia, its reaction equation is as follows:
CO(NH
2)
2→NH
3+HNCO
HNCO+H
2O→NH
3+CO
2。
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| CN104548931A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江百能科技有限公司 | Device for producing ammonia gas through pyrolysis of urea by using high-temperature flue gas as heat source |
| CN109663447B (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2024-03-08 | 唐山神州机械集团有限公司 | Underground dry separation system and method based on circulating air flow |
| CN110065955B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2023-12-08 | 湖南省约伯能源科技有限公司 | Ammonia gas generating device |
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| CN203200034U (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-09-18 | 中国大唐集团环境技术有限公司 | Volute-gas-inlet spiral-flow type urea-pyrolysis ammonia preparing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102004029387B4 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2006-12-28 | Roland Bertiller | Feeding device for feeding solid urea prills or pellets to an ammonia generator |
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| CN201519572U (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2010-07-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Intake air flow distributing device of fluid bed |
| CN201907975U (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-07-27 | 北京洛卡环保技术有限公司 | Pyrolysis device for utilizing urea for ammonia preparation |
| CN202417626U (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-09-05 | 康跃科技股份有限公司 | Sectional volute with guide vane |
| CN202849079U (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-04-03 | 中国大唐集团环境技术有限公司 | Urea pyrolysis reactor applied to SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration |
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Address after: 100097 Beijing Haidian District Zizhuyuan Road No. 120 Patentee after: DATANG ENVIRONMENT INDUSTRY GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: China Datang Technologies & Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100097 Beijing Haidian District Zizhuyuan Road No. 120 Patentee before: DATANG TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY GROUP CO.,LTD. Patentee before: China Datang Technologies & Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address after: 100097 Beijing Haidian District Zizhuyuan Road No. 120 Patentee after: DATANG TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY GROUP CO.,LTD. Patentee after: China Datang Technologies & Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100097 Beijing Haidian District Zizhuyuan Road No. 120 Patentee before: DATANG TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: China Datang Technologies & Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address after: 100097 Beijing Haidian District Zizhuyuan Road No. 120 Patentee after: DATANG TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: China Datang Technologies & Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100097 Beijing Haidian District Zizhuyuan Road No. 120 Patentee before: CHINA DATANG GROUP ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Patentee before: China Datang Technologies & Engineering Co.,Ltd. |