CN104001916B - A kind of absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system contacts flexible power spreading device - Google Patents
A kind of absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system contacts flexible power spreading device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104001916B CN104001916B CN201410226235.2A CN201410226235A CN104001916B CN 104001916 B CN104001916 B CN 104001916B CN 201410226235 A CN201410226235 A CN 201410226235A CN 104001916 B CN104001916 B CN 104001916B
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Abstract
The absorption type face that the invention discloses a kind of laser selective melting formation system contacts flexible power spreading device, comprises that A traversing carriage, A negative pressure channel device, flexible paving are whitewashed, mounting bracket, B negative pressure channel device, B traversing carriage; In mounting bracket, be provided with negative pressure cavity; A traversing carriage and B traversing carriage, be separately fixed at the two ends of mounting bracket; The bottom of mounting bracket is provided with adsorption tank and storage powder groove; The upper plane that flexible paving is whitewashed is adsorbed in adsorption tank; The side draw-in groove that flexible paving is whitewashed overlaps with the side of adsorption tank; Outside the outstanding adsorption tank again of paving powder plane that flexible paving is whitewashed; A negative pressure channel device and B negative pressure channel device, the respectively two ends of mounting bracket; A negative pressure channel device and B negative pressure channel device, by communicating with negative pressure cavity; It is smooth that this device not only can make to spread powder, occurs powder spreading phenomenon can avoid again the out-of-flatness of forming parts face time. Adopt absorption type mounting means simultaneously, easy for removal and installation, there is the paving advantages such as powder is effective, easy to use.
Description
Technical field
The forming parts the present invention relates in laser selective melting formation system is manufactured field, relates in particular to oneThe absorption type face of planting laser selective melting formation system contacts flexible power spreading device.
Background technology
Increasing material manufacture is the novel manufacturing technology of a class, fast as supplementing of traditional manufacturing technology at presentThe development of speed. And laser selective melting (SelectiveLaserMelting, SLM) technology is due to can be straightBe connected into the metal parts of type dense structure, metallurgical binding, the metal parts that becomes a kind of main flow increases materialManufacturing technology.
Laser selective melting forming process is as follows: power spreading device is layer overlay metal dust on moulding cylinder,Laser beam, under computer control, according to profiled member cross sectional shape information, carries out selective scanning to powder,Make powder bonding or fusing in scanning area, obtain the individual layer shape of profiled member; Then moulding cylinder declinesThe distance of a bed thickness, power spreading device spreads powder again, proceeds the moulding of lower one deck; So successively foldedAdd, finally obtain the metal parts of geometry in particular.
Density, surface roughness and the paving opaque amount of SLM rapid shaping metal parts (surface smoothness,The degree of packing) closely related. When pawnshop powder is smooth, powder bed is steady to the absorption of laser, after laser fusion powderEasily obtain smooth molded surface; When pawnshop powder plane is uneven, cause the suction of powder bed to laserReceive unstable, the diverse location Laser Focusing effect difference of powder bed, because of the variation of defocusing amount cause powder bed inhaleReceipts laser energy is inconsistent, and the effect of powder smelting is variant, thereby causes SLM to be scanned into profile being alsoExisting uneven state, finally makes density, the surface quality of profiled member decline serious. SLM in additionIn forming process, molded surface quality has " feedback effects ", if the out-of-flatness of paving powder, laser fusion powderLast forming surface presents projection or etat lacunaire, causes spreading powder effect more uneven next time; And pawnshopPowder is smooth, and laser is even in the surface irradiation of whole powder bed, obtains smooth melted surface, thereby lower one deckPaving powder is easily realized smooth effect. The complete deposite metal of SLM powder, powder is from apparent density about 45%Fusing obtains 90% above density completely, and Material shrinkage is serious, causes the shakiness of laser and powder effectQualitative increase. When apparent density of powder improves, the after-contraction of laser fusion powder is reduced, increase and swashedThe stability of light and material effects. So the quality of paving powder effect has determined SLM moulding in a wayEffect. In order to obtain desirable molding effect, must obtain paving powder effect smooth, consolidation.
Be applied at present the paving powder of SLM technology (also address is the direct laser sintered DMSL of metal) abroadMode mainly comprises two kinds of rigid rotating roller and blade structures, wherein utility model patent (ZL201020670962.5) " the two roller power spreading devices of a kind of selective laser sintering " are though the rigid rotating roller adopting, often there is hitting roller but spread in powder process in energy compacted metal powder preferably so, and coaxiality deviation can be ledCause the paving powder defects such as surface wave shape wave line. So rigid rotating roller is mainly used in the non-gold of SLS technology sinteringThe paving powder that belongs to forming process, can not meet the requirement of SLM forming metal parts. Common blade structurePower spreading device bumps against with forming surface in paving powder process, and general screeding device to the compaction of powder veryLittle, scraper plate promotes powder and walks in forming surface, and the shearing force producing with forming surface easily causes moulding thinThe precision part that wall part, intensity are not high is damaged. For example utility model patent (the ZL of this laboratory invention200920295730.3) what " for the metal dust power spreading device of rapid shaping " used is blade structure,Although can ensure that paving powder is smooth, plate is very little to the compaction of powder, after laser irradiation, receivesContract larger, easily cause profiled member internal residual stress larger, deform or warpage. AndIn paving powder process, scraper plate easily and part bump, make part breakage, finally cause moulding unsuccessfully.
Therefore SLM formation system needs a kind of flexible power spreading device, at present the main metal flexible thin slice that adoptsWhitewash as paving, the flexible power spreading device of this sheet metal can ensure to spread the flatness of powder process preferablyAnd the degree of packing. Patent of invention (ZL201010202552.2) " the medical magnesium alloy metal in for example this laboratoryThe selective laser melting forming device of part and method ", employing be stainless steel thin slice, on each thin slice, have20 brushing piece unit. But the elasticity of sheet metal is larger, is running into metal parts generation thermal expansion and sticking upQu Shi, although be unlikely to part to break, can produce more serious bullet powder and powder spreading phenomenon, can makePaving powder plane produces a pit, impact paving opaque amount.
Therefore, in the processing of SLM rapid shaping, need to there is one can make to spread powder smooth evenly,Power spreading device not can with part generation rigid collision, can ensure again to spread powder consolidation, can not produce and play powder and raisingThe flexible power spreading device of metal dust of powder phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of laser constituency is providedThe absorption type face of melt-forming system contacts flexible power spreading device. Can make to spread powder smooth evenly, paving powderDevice not can with part generation rigid collision, can ensure again to spread powder consolidation, can not produce that to play powder and powder spreading existingResemble; Whitewashing with spreading powder plane due to flexibility paving is that face contacts, so run into projection and nodularization in paving powder processWhen defect, paving is whitewashed and is not easy to be scratched, and the life-span is long.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system contacts a flexible power spreading device, comprises that A movesSupport 1, A negative pressure channel device 2, flexible paving whitewash 4, mounting bracket 5, B negative pressure channel device 6, and B movesMoving support 8;
In mounting bracket 5, be provided with negative pressure cavity 19;
Described A traversing carriage 1 and B traversing carriage 8, be separately fixed at the two ends of mounting bracket 5;
The bottom of described mounting bracket 5 is provided with adsorption tank 13 and storage powder groove 11;
Described flexible paving is whitewashed 4 upper plane 30 and is adsorbed in adsorption tank 13;
Described flexible paving is whitewashed 4 side draw-in groove 22 and is overlapped with the side of adsorption tank 13;
Described flexible paving is whitewashed 4 paving powder plane 23 and is given prominence to outside adsorption tank 13;
Described A negative pressure channel device 2 and B negative pressure channel device 6, the respectively two ends of mounting bracket 5;
Described A negative pressure channel device 2 and B negative pressure channel device 6, communicate by negative pressure cavity 19;
Described A traversing carriage 1 and B traversing carriage 8, be separately fixed to install by trip bolt 3 and prop upThe two ends of frame 5.
Described A negative pressure channel device 2 and B negative pressure channel device 6, be fixed on installation by trip bolt respectivelyThe two ends of support 5.
Between described A negative pressure channel device 2 and B negative pressure channel device 6 and mounting bracket 5, be lined with respectively sealingCircle 18.
The both sides of described mounting bracket 5 are provided with dismounting groove 12.
Described adsorption tank 13 is rectangular channel.
Described negative pressure cavity 19 bottoms arrange adsorption hole 10, and described adsorption hole 10 whitewashes 4 with flexible paving and contacts;Described negative pressure cavity 19 tops are provided with air admission hole 21, and air admission hole 21 is communicated with inlet chamber 20, described air inletChamber 20 is by air inlet accent 16 air amounts.
It is T-shaped structure that described flexible paving is whitewashed 4 cross section.
It is silica gel that described flexible paving is whitewashed 4 material.
The present invention, with respect to prior art, has following advantage and effect:
1, the present invention adopts silica gel material to whitewash as paving, and this silica gel paving is whitewashed not only certain hardness,Guarantee to promote powder, make to spread powder uniform plane, abundant; And have certain flexibility, avoid spreading powderBrush, with part generation rigid collision, prevents from making part to be broken. And silica gel material poor flexibility, paving powder mistakeCheng Buhui produces powder spreading and plays powder phenomenon.
2, the present invention's paving is whitewashed and is adopted aperture absorption type to be adsorbed in adsorption tank, can ensure preferablyPaving is whitewashed the depth of parallelism of paving powder plane. And the paving of absorption type is whitewashed the replacing that is easy for installation and removal.
3, the present invention's paving is whitewashed the contact of paving powder plane employing face, has good pliability, and Dang Rong road produces littleWhen projection or nodularization defect, flexible paving is whitewashed the projection of scraping that also can be smooth-going, and prevents powder spreading and plays powder phenomenon.And whitewash and compare with the flexibility paving of line contact, the paving of face contact is whitewashed in the time running into protruding defect and is not easyScratched, had part breakage even if paving is whitewashed forward position, rear along partly still remaining intact, can be to paving powderPlanarization exert an influence. Therefore the paving of this face contact is whitewashed long service life, and paving opaque amount is high.
The technology of the present invention means means are simple and easy to do, can be used in the rapid forming equipments such as laser selective melting.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the mounting bracket bottom surface structure schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the mounting bracket top surface structure schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the mounting bracket internal negative pressure channel cross-section structural representation shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the inner inlet chamber cross-sectional view of the mounting bracket shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is that the flexibility paving shown in Fig. 1 is whitewashed structural representation.
Fig. 7 is laser selective melting machining sketch chart.
Fig. 8 is flexible power spreading device paving powder schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is more specifically described in detail.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1 to 8. The absorption type face contact of a kind of laser selective melting of the present invention formation system is softProperty power spreading device, comprise that A traversing carriage 1, A negative pressure channel device 2, flexible paving whitewash 4, mounting bracket5, B negative pressure channel device 6, B traversing carriage 8;
In mounting bracket 5, be provided with negative pressure cavity 19;
Described A traversing carriage 1 and B traversing carriage 8, be separately fixed at the two ends of mounting bracket 5;
The bottom of described mounting bracket 5 is provided with adsorption tank 13 and storage powder groove 11; Storage powder groove 11 is for pre-storagePowder, for paving powder process provides sufficient metal dust.
Described flexible paving is whitewashed 4 upper plane 30 and is adsorbed in adsorption tank 13, and can adjust as requiredFlexible paving is whitewashed 4 position.
Described flexible paving is whitewashed 4 side draw-in groove 22 and is overlapped with the side of adsorption tank 13;
Described flexible paving is whitewashed 4 paving powder plane 23 and is given prominence to outside adsorption tank 13; Paving powder plane 23 and goldBelong to powder 25 and contact, for paving metal dust 25. Such shape design can reduce flexible paving and whitewash4 moment, makes more stable being fixed in adsorption tank 13 of standing part.
Described A negative pressure channel device 2 and B negative pressure channel device 6, the respectively two ends of mounting bracket 5;
Described A negative pressure channel device 2 and B negative pressure channel device 6, communicate by negative pressure cavity 19;
Described A traversing carriage 1 and B traversing carriage 8, be separately fixed to install by trip bolt 3 and prop upThe two ends of frame 5.
Described A negative pressure channel device 2 and B negative pressure channel device 6, be fixed on installation by trip bolt respectivelyThe two ends of support 5.
Between described A negative pressure channel device 2 and B negative pressure channel device 6 and mounting bracket 5, be lined with respectively sealingCircle 18, ensures seal.
The both sides of described mounting bracket 5 are provided with dismounting groove 12, are convenient to dismounting and the carrying of mounting bracket 5.
Described adsorption tank 13 is rectangular channel, has ensured that flexible paving whitewashes 4 planarization, ensures that processing smoothly.
Described negative pressure cavity 19 bottoms arrange adsorption hole 10 (five), and described adsorption hole 10 whitewashes with flexible paving4 contacts; Described negative pressure cavity 19 tops are provided with air admission hole 21 (five), air admission hole 21 and inlet chamber 20Be communicated with, described inlet chamber 20 is by air inlet accent 16 air amounts. It is clean that inlet chamber 20 should keep.
It is T-shaped structure that described flexible paving is whitewashed 4 cross section.
It is silica gel that described flexible paving is whitewashed 4 material.
As shown in Figure 7, metal dust 25 is preset in powder cylinder 24, and flexible paving whitewashes 4 by metal dust25 scrape moulding cylinder 27 places from powder cylinder 24, are laid on metal parts 26 to be formed, then flexible paving powderBrush 4 is got back to powder cylinder place, completes and once spreads powder.
As shown in Figure 8, flexible paving is whitewashed 4 metal dust 25 is tiled on molded surperficial 29. InstituteState flexible paving and whitewash 4 and encounter warpage 28, after local deformation, cross smoothly warpage 28, avoided rigid collisionWith bullet powder powder spreading phenomenon. Even have part breakage because warpage 28 makes flexible paving whitewash 4 forward position, butBe rear along partly still remaining intact, therefore can not exert an influence to the planarization of paving powder.
In practical application, A negative pressure channel device 2 and B negative pressure channel device 6 respectively with a micro-suction pumpConnect. When micro-suction pump work, the air in negative pressure cavity is taken away, this causes the air pressure in negative pressure cavityBe less than external atmosphere pressure, the air pressure in adsorption hole is less than external atmosphere pressure, and flexible paving whitewashes 4 interiorUnder the poor effect of external pressure, be tightly adsorbed in adsorption tank 13.
The design of air admission hole is to design for maintaining a constant air pressure in negative pressure cavity, has avoided simultaneouslyNegative pressure cavity internal cause pressure is too little to be caused micro-suction pump to transship and damages.
As mentioned above, just can realize preferably the present invention.
Embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments, other are any do not deviate from of the present inventionThe change done under Spirit Essence and principle, modification, substitute, combination, simplify, all should be putting of equivalenceChange mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system contacts a flexible power spreading device, and its feature existsIn comprising that A traversing carriage, A negative pressure channel device, flexible paving are whitewashed, mounting bracket, B negative pressure channel device,B traversing carriage;
In mounting bracket, be provided with negative pressure cavity;
Described A traversing carriage and B traversing carriage, be separately fixed at the two ends of mounting bracket;
The bottom of described mounting bracket is provided with adsorption tank and storage powder groove;
The upper plane that described flexible paving is whitewashed is adsorbed in adsorption tank;
The side draw-in groove that described flexible paving is whitewashed overlaps with the side of adsorption tank;
The paving powder plane that described flexible paving is whitewashed is given prominence to outside adsorption tank;
Described A negative pressure channel device and B negative pressure channel device, the respectively two ends of mounting bracket;
Described A negative pressure channel device and B negative pressure channel device, communicate by negative pressure cavity.
2. the flexible paving of the absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system according to claim 1 contactPowder device, its feature exists: described A traversing carriage and B traversing carriage, fixing respectively by trip boltAt the two ends of mounting bracket.
3. the flexible paving of the absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system according to claim 1 contactPowder device, its feature exists: described A negative pressure channel device and B negative pressure channel device, pass through respectively trip boltBe fixed on the two ends of mounting bracket.
4. the flexible paving of the absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system according to claim 1 contactPowder device, its feature exists: difference between described A negative pressure channel device and B negative pressure channel device and mounting bracketBe lined with sealing ring.
5. the flexible paving of the absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system according to claim 1 contactPowder device, its feature exists: the both sides of described mounting bracket are provided with dismounting groove.
6. the flexible paving of the absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system according to claim 1 contactPowder device, its feature exists: described adsorption tank is rectangular channel.
7. the flexible paving of the absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system according to claim 1 contactPowder device, its feature exists: described negative pressure cavity bottom arranges adsorption hole, and described adsorption hole whitewashes with flexible pavingContact; Described negative pressure cavity top is provided with air admission hole, and air admission hole is communicated with inlet chamber, and described inlet chamber is logicalCross air inlet accent air amount.
8. the flexible paving of the absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system according to claim 1 contactPowder device, its feature exists: the cross section that described flexible paving is whitewashed is T-shaped structure.
9. the flexible paving of the absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system according to claim 1 contactPowder device, its feature exists: the material that described flexible paving is whitewashed is silica gel.
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| CN201410226235.2A CN104001916B (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | A kind of absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system contacts flexible power spreading device |
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| CN201410226235.2A CN104001916B (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | A kind of absorption type face of laser selective melting formation system contacts flexible power spreading device |
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| CN105397089B (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-08-31 | 北京易加三维科技有限公司 | A kind of vertical force floating powdering scraper device for metal increasing material manufacturing |
| EP3473440A1 (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-24 | CL Schutzrechtsverwaltungs GmbH | Build material application device for an apparatus for additively manufacturing three-dimensional components |
| CN109249023B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-05-29 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | 3D printing method for preventing scratch and 3D printing system |
| CN112571795B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-07-19 | 上海睿现信息科技有限公司 | 3D prints dustproof scraper motion structure |
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| JP2930455B2 (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1999-08-03 | 松下電工株式会社 | 3D shape forming method |
| DE19514740C1 (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 1996-04-11 | Eos Electro Optical Syst | Appts. for producing three-dimensional objects by laser sintering |
| CN201572918U (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-09-08 | 华南理工大学 | Elastic powder laying device |
| CN201572919U (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-09-08 | 华南理工大学 | Powder spreading device used for rapid prototyping metal powder |
| CN203863020U (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-10-08 | 华南理工大学 | Adsorption type surface contact flexible powder spreading device of laser district melting forming system |
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