CN103995279A - Dynamic calibration system and method used for neutron flux monitoring in wide dynamic range - Google Patents
Dynamic calibration system and method used for neutron flux monitoring in wide dynamic range Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a linear fitting dynamic calibration system and method used for neutron flux monitoring in a wide dynamic range. The system includes a detector, a counting module, an integral module, a dynamic calibration module, an integral value processing module and an output mode selection module. The invention also provides a corresponding dynamic calibration method, and the method includes: detecting a neutron and outputting a neutron pulse signal; obtaining a counting flux value, pulse accumulation probability and an integral value according to the pulse signal; using an integral coefficient obtained through fitting to perform inverse solution on the integral value to obtain an integral flux value; and selecting a final flux value from the counting flux value and the integral flux value according to the counting flux value and the accumulation probability. According to the dynamic calibration method in the invention, the two flux values that are obtained can be seamlessly connected, no extra detector is needed during calibration, no extra neutron radiation environment needs to be constructed, and the dynamic calibration method in the invention can substantially reduce errors caused by factors such as neutron energy spectrum change, temperature change, and baseline drift in a long-time monitoring process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear detection field, especially a kind of linear fit dynamic calibration system and method for wide dynamic range neutron flux monitoring.
Background technology
In neutron flux monitoring process, often by associating usage count pattern and integral mode, improve the dynamic range of measurement.So-called count mode, refers to by detector output pulse having been counted to the monitoring of neutron flux, is generally used for the situation that neutron flux is lower, when neutron flux is higher, there is comparatively serious accumulation in detector output pulse meeting, count mode cannot obtain correct amount of flux, and according to Campbell theorem, the integrated value I of detector output signal (this integrated value had both comprised that the mean value of signal also comprised its mean square value) is proportional to incident particle flux N, certainly, under actual conditions, because of cosmic rays, the impacts such as background noise, I and N are not strict direct ratio, but there is a linear relationship, be made as I=aN+b, therefore the integrated value I that piles up afterpulse signal by measurement can instead solve the flux N of incident neutron, this mode of operation is integral mode.For being operated in neutron flux monitoring system under integral mode, the process that obtains these two integral coefficients of a, b is generally referred to as the demarcation to this system.
Traditional scaling method is that a standard detector and system to be calibrated are placed in same neutron irradiation environment and are measured, and the integrated value that the neutron flux recording by standard detector and system to be calibrated record is calculated required integral coefficient.This method is only carried out once conventionally before system is used, belong to static demarcating, it has the following disadvantages: first, because neutron spectrum under different neutron irradiation environment is different, shape, the area distributions of detector output neutron pulse are also different, now, even if also can there is larger difference in the integrated value of the identical gained of incoming neutron flux, therefore traditional static demarcating method requires the neutron irradiation environment of timing signal very close with actual radiation environment to be measured, this is all a larger restriction in a lot of application scenarios; Secondly, the variation of neutron spectrum in neutron flux monitoring process is, drift of the change of temperature, baseline etc. factor all may cause the ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS of integrated value, therefore in long-time measuring process, if adopt all the time same fixing integral coefficient also can introduce measuring error.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve traditional scaling method, to timing signal neutron irradiation environment, have the harsh problem requiring and traditional scaling method in long-time measuring process, to dynamically update the deficiency of calibration coefficient, the present invention proposes a kind of linear fit dynamic calibration system and method for wide dynamic range neutron flux monitoring.
According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of linear fit dynamic calibration system for wide dynamic range neutron flux monitoring, this system comprises: detector, counting module, integration module, dynamic calibration module, integrated value processing module and mode selection module, wherein:
Described detector is for detected neutron and export neutron pulse signal;
Described counting module is connected with described detector, for obtaining according to described neutron pulse signal and exporting one group of amount of flux, is designated as counting amount of flux, and paired pulses waveform analyzes, the probability that statistics pulse generation is piled up;
Described integration module is connected with described detector, carries out integration obtain one group of integrated value for paired pulses waveform;
Described dynamic calibration module is connected with described integration module with described counting module, for according to described counting amount of flux, accumulation probability and integrated value, constantly judges whether described counting amount of flux and described accumulation probability meet a predetermined condition; If, described dynamic calibration module is collected counting amount of flux and corresponding integrated value, and select counting amount of flux and differ larger k numerical value to carrying out buffer memory, and will utilize this k numerical value to offer integrated value processing module to the integral coefficient that carries out linear fit and obtain, empty buffer memory to wait for renewal next time simultaneously;
Described integrated value processing module is connected with described dynamic calibration module, for utilizing resulting integral coefficient to carry out anti-solution to integrated value, obtains flux-time value;
Described mode selection module is connected with described integrated value processing module with described counting module, thereby in counting amount of flux and flux-time value, selects a final amount of flux of conduct to export for count the size of amount of flux and accumulation probability by judgement
According to a further aspect in the invention, also propose a kind of linear fit dynamic calibrating method for wide dynamic range neutron flux monitoring, said method comprising the steps of:
Step 1, detector detected neutron is also given counting module and integration module by the neutron pulse signal of output simultaneously;
Step 2, counting module is exported one group of amount of flux according to described neutron pulse signal, be designated as counting amount of flux, described counting module is also analyzed described neutron pulse signal waveform simultaneously, the probability that statistics pulse generation is piled up, and the counting amount of flux obtaining and accumulation probability are sent to dynamic calibration module and mode selection module;
Step 3, integration module obtains one group of integrated value by described neutron pulse signal waveform is carried out to integration, and described integrated value is sent to dynamic calibration module;
Step 4, described dynamic calibration module constantly judges whether described counting amount of flux and described accumulation probability meet a predetermined condition, if, described dynamic calibration module is collected counting amount of flux and corresponding integrated value, and select counting amount of flux and differ larger k numerical value to carrying out buffer memory, and will utilize this k numerical value to offer integrated value processing module to the integral coefficient that carries out linear fit and obtain, empty buffer memory to wait for renewal next time simultaneously;
Step 5, described integrated value processing module is utilized resulting integral coefficient to carry out anti-solution to corresponding integrated value and is obtained flux-time value;
Step 6, thus the size that mode selection module is counted amount of flux and accumulation probability by judgement selects a final amount of flux of conduct to export in counting amount of flux and flux-time value.
The present invention is owing to adopting the resulting result of system local count pattern to carry out the demarcation of integral mode, and therefore the amount of flux of two kinds of pattern gained can seamless connection, and timing signal no longer needs extra standard detector; In a lot of occasions, nuclear fusion plasma diagnostics field for example, neutron flux to be measured raises gradually, be that system is usually operated at count mode while starting, it will inevitably be through once described overlapping region before entering integral mode, this is just enough to back-up system and completes once demarcation, therefore, with regard to no longer needing to construct extra neutron irradiation environment, carries out system calibrating; In observation process, whenever neutron flux changes and when variation range has covered described overlapping region, system all will once be demarcated automatically, and the mode of this dynamic calibration can significantly reduce the error causing because of factors such as neutron spectrum variation, temperature change, baseline wanders in long-time observation process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of linear fit dynamic calibration system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is linear fit dynamic calibrating method process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is dynamic calibration process schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the neutron flux monitoring system pictorial diagram in ITER international cooperative project.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
In neutron flux monitoring process, the applicable neutron flux scope of count mode and integral mode generally exists certain overlapping region.In one embodiment of the invention ITER neutron flux monitoring (NFM, Neutron Flux Monitor) system, the applicable flux range of count mode is 0-10
7cps, the applicable flux range of integral mode is 10
5more than cps, there is the overlapping region of two orders of magnitude in both.And under count mode, as long as pulse pile-up probability (being the pulse number of generation accumulation in the unit interval and the ratio of overall pulse number) is lower than certain threshold value (as 10%), the counting rate of system gained just can characterize accurately the neutron flux that detector obtains within the scope of certain error, therefore, in the overlapping region of two kinds of patterns, the integrated value of utilizing amount of flux that count mode obtains and integral mode to obtain can be carried out the system calibrating under integral mode.Based on this principle, according to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of linear fit dynamic calibration system for wide dynamic range neutron flux monitoring is proposed, as shown in Figure 1, described calibration system comprises: detector, counting module, integration module, dynamic calibration module and mode selection module, wherein:
Described detector is for detected neutron and export neutron pulse signal;
Described counting module is connected with described detector, for the mode by step-by-step counting obtains and exports one group of amount of flux according to described neutron pulse signal, is designated as counting amount of flux, and paired pulses waveform analyzes, the probability that statistics pulse generation is piled up;
Described integration module is connected with described detector, carries out integration obtain one group of integrated value for paired pulses waveform;
Described dynamic calibration module is connected with described integration module with described counting module, for according to described counting amount of flux, pile up probability and integrated value, 1., in the overlapping region of described counting amount of flux in the applicable flux range of count mode and the applicable flux range of integral mode constantly judge whether described counting amount of flux and described accumulation probability meet following two conditions simultaneously:, 2., described accumulation probability can accurately characterize incoming neutron flux lower than set threshold value to guarantee counting amount of flux, when these two conditions all meet (that is current neutron flux is in described overlapping region), described dynamic calibration module is collected counting amount of flux and corresponding integrated value, and select counting amount of flux differ k larger numerical value pair, also referred to as point, (k desirable 1, 2, 3, ..., its value is determined by concrete application) carry out buffer memory, when above-mentioned two conditions become (be equivalent to incoming neutron flux changes to described overlapping region in described overlapping region) while not meeting from meeting, dynamic calibration module utilizes this k point to carry out linear fit, and the integral coefficient obtaining is offered to integrated value processing module, empty buffer memory to wait for renewal next time simultaneously,
Described integrated value processing module is connected with described dynamic calibration module, for utilizing resulting integral coefficient to carry out anti-solution to corresponding integrated value, obtains flux-time value;
Described mode selection module is connected with described integrated value processing module with described counting module, thereby in counting amount of flux and flux-time value, selects a final amount of flux of conduct to export for count the size of amount of flux and accumulation probability by judgement.Because counting amount of flux is in the neutron flux of piling up the reaction reality that probability can not be more correct in larger, so once pile up the large or counting amount of flux of probability and surpass threshold value and all select integral mode.
According to a further aspect in the invention, also proposed a kind of linear fit dynamic calibrating method for wide dynamic range neutron flux monitoring, as shown in Figure 2, described scaling method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, detector detected neutron is also given counting module and integration module by the neutron pulse signal of output simultaneously;
Step 2, because the monitoring of neutron flux need to obtain neutron flux situation over time, that is obtain one group of neutron flux value of (for example 1s) in the continuous unit interval, therefore counting module is exported one group of amount of flux according to described neutron pulse signal by the mode of step-by-step counting, be designated as counting amount of flux, simultaneously, described counting module is also analyzed the neutron pulse signal waveform of detector output, the probability that statistics pulse generation is piled up, the counting amount of flux obtaining and accumulation probability send to dynamic calibration module and mode selection module;
Step 3, integration module is carried out integration by paired pulses waveform and is obtained one group of integrated value, and described integrated value is sent to dynamic calibration module;
Step 4,1., in the overlapping region of described counting amount of flux in the applicable flux range of count mode and the applicable flux range of integral mode described dynamic calibration module constantly judges whether described counting amount of flux and described accumulation probability meet following two conditions simultaneously:, 2., described accumulation probability can accurately characterize incoming neutron flux lower than set threshold value to guarantee counting amount of flux, when these two conditions all meet, described dynamic calibration module collects counting amount of flux and corresponding integrated value (is inputted situation corresponding to same neutron flux, counting module and integration module will obtain an amount of flux and a corresponding integrated value simultaneously), and select counting amount of flux differ k larger numerical value pair, also referred to as point, (k desirable 1, 2, 3, ..., its value is determined by concrete application) carry out buffer memory, when above-mentioned two conditions become (be equivalent to incoming neutron flux changes to described overlapping region in described overlapping region) while not meeting from meeting, dynamic calibration module utilizes this k point to carry out linear fit, and the integral coefficient obtaining is offered to integrated value processing module, empty buffer memory to wait for renewal next time simultaneously, thereby complete dynamic calibration process one time.In actual applications, system conventionally can be done once and demarcate before formal measurement, and the environment of specially creating complete fulfillment condition completes dynamic calibration one time, thereby obtains initial integral coefficient.But, in a lot of occasions, as nuclear fusion plasma diagnostics field, neutron flux to be measured raises often gradually, is usually operated at count mode when system starts, and it will inevitably be through once described overlapping region before entering integral mode, therefore can meet once described condition, this is just enough to back-up system and completes dynamic calibration process one time, therefore, also just no longer needs additionally to carry out initial demarcation;
Step 5, described integrated value processing module is utilized resulting integral coefficient to carry out anti-solution to corresponding integrated value and is obtained flux-time value;
Step 6, thus the size that mode selection module is counted amount of flux and accumulation probability by judgement selects a final amount of flux of conduct to export in counting amount of flux and flux-time value.
Because counting amount of flux is in the neutron flux of piling up the reaction reality that probability can not be more correct in larger, so once pile up the large or counting amount of flux of probability and surpass threshold value and all select integral mode.
Said process can further illustrate by a simple schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 3, in Fig. 3, solid line is actual neutron flux temporal evolution curve, dotted line is the counting amount of flux temporal evolution curve that counting module obtains, Th_h and Th_l be respectively two kinds of patterns the upper and lower threshold value of overlapping region of applicable flux range.When actual neutron flux is during lower than Th_h, counting amount of flux and real fluxes are consistent; And when real fluxes is over after Th_h, the probability of pulse pile-up starts to increase, counting amount of flux rate of rise slows down, and even, after accumulation surpasses to a certain degree, counts amount of flux and reduces on the contrary, therefore at t
3-t
4in time range, although counting amount of flux is also in overlapping region, because it is too high to pile up probability, show that current counting amount of flux can not accurately characterize real fluxes value, so can not be used for demarcating.And at t
1-t
2, t
5-t
6, t
7-t
8in these time ranges, pile up probability lower, counting amount of flux can accurately characterize actual amount of flux, therefore can be used for demarcating.Take k=3 as example, difference t in the drawings
2, t
6, t
8constantly, in the buffer memory of dynamic calibration module, all will obtain 3 amount of flux N
iwith 3 integrated value I
i(i=1,2,3), carry out linear fit to these 3 and can obtain required integral coefficient.
Adopt technique scheme of the present invention, desirable following technique effect:
The first,, owing to adopting the resulting result of system local count pattern to carry out the demarcation of integral mode, therefore the amount of flux of two kinds of pattern gained can seamless connection, and timing signal no longer needs extra standard detector; The second, in a lot of occasions, nuclear fusion plasma diagnostics field for example, neutron flux to be measured raises gradually, be that system is usually operated at count mode while starting, it will inevitably be through once described overlapping region before entering integral mode, this is just enough to back-up system and completes once demarcation, therefore, with regard to no longer needing to construct extra neutron irradiation environment, carries out system calibrating; Three, in observation process when neutron flux changes and variation range has covered described overlapping region, system all will once be demarcated automatically, and the mode of this dynamic calibration can significantly reduce the error causing because of factors such as neutron spectrum variation, temperature change, baseline wanders in long-time observation process.
The present invention has at present been successfully applied to the neutron flux monitoring (NFM in ITER international cooperative project, Neutron Flux Monitor) system, this system mainly utilizes totally digitilized technology neutron signal to be carried out to step-by-step counting and integration simultaneously, and the linear fit dynamic calibrating method described in adopting, completed the neutron flux monitoring of wide dynamic range, Fig. 4 is the pictorial diagram of the main electronics of NFM system.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. for a linear fit dynamic calibration system for wide dynamic range neutron flux monitoring, it is characterized in that, this system comprises: detector, and counting module, integration module, dynamic calibration module, integrated value processing module and mode selection module, wherein:
Described detector is for detected neutron and export neutron pulse signal;
Described counting module is connected with described detector, for obtaining according to described neutron pulse signal and exporting one group of amount of flux, is designated as counting amount of flux, and paired pulses waveform analyzes, the probability that statistics pulse generation is piled up;
Described integration module is connected with described detector, carries out integration obtain one group of integrated value for paired pulses waveform;
Described dynamic calibration module is connected with described integration module with described counting module, for according to described counting amount of flux, accumulation probability and integrated value, constantly judges whether described counting amount of flux and described accumulation probability meet a predetermined condition; If, described dynamic calibration module is collected counting amount of flux and corresponding integrated value, and select counting amount of flux and differ larger k numerical value to carrying out buffer memory, and will utilize this k numerical value to offer integrated value processing module to the integral coefficient that carries out linear fit and obtain, empty buffer memory to wait for renewal next time simultaneously;
Described integrated value processing module is connected with described dynamic calibration module, for utilizing resulting integral coefficient to carry out anti-solution to integrated value, obtains flux-time value;
Described mode selection module is connected with described integrated value processing module with described counting module, thereby in counting amount of flux and flux-time value, selects a final amount of flux of conduct to export for count the size of amount of flux and accumulation probability by judgement.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described counting module obtains described counting amount of flux by the mode of step-by-step counting according to described neutron pulse signal.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described predetermined condition is: 1. in the overlapping region of described counting amount of flux in the applicable flux range of count mode and the applicable flux range of integral mode; And 2. pile up probability and to guarantee counting amount of flux, can accurately characterize incoming neutron flux lower than set threshold value.
4. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described predetermined condition becomes while not meeting from meeting, described dynamic calibration module to the k having existed in a buffer memory numerical value to carrying out linear fit.
5. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, if accumulation probability is large or counting amount of flux surpasses threshold value, described mode selection module selects flux-time value to export as final amount of flux.
6. for a linear fit dynamic calibrating method for wide dynamic range neutron flux monitoring, it is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Step 1, detector detected neutron is also given counting module and integration module by the neutron pulse signal of output simultaneously;
Step 2, counting module is exported one group of amount of flux according to described neutron pulse signal, be designated as counting amount of flux, described counting module is also analyzed described neutron pulse signal waveform simultaneously, the probability that statistics pulse generation is piled up, and the counting amount of flux obtaining and accumulation probability are sent to dynamic calibration module and mode selection module;
Step 3, integration module obtains one group of integrated value by described neutron pulse signal waveform is carried out to integration, and described integrated value is sent to dynamic calibration module;
Step 4, described dynamic calibration module constantly judges whether described counting amount of flux and described accumulation probability meet a predetermined condition, if, described dynamic calibration module is collected counting amount of flux and corresponding integrated value, and select counting amount of flux and differ larger k numerical value to carrying out buffer memory, and will utilize this k numerical value to offer integrated value processing module to the integral coefficient that carries out linear fit and obtain, empty buffer memory to wait for renewal next time simultaneously;
Step 5, described integrated value processing module is utilized resulting integral coefficient to carry out anti-solution to corresponding integrated value and is obtained flux-time value;
Step 6, thus the size that mode selection module is counted amount of flux and accumulation probability by judgement selects a final amount of flux of conduct to export in counting amount of flux and flux-time value.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in described step 2, described counting module obtains described counting amount of flux by the mode of step-by-step counting according to described neutron pulse signal.
8. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described predetermined condition is: 1. in the overlapping region of described counting amount of flux in the applicable flux range of count mode and the applicable flux range of integral mode; And 2. pile up probability and to guarantee counting amount of flux, can accurately characterize incoming neutron flux lower than set threshold value.
9. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in described step 4, when described predetermined condition becomes while not meeting from meeting, described dynamic calibration module to the k having existed in a buffer memory numerical value to carrying out linear fit.
10. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in described step 6, if accumulation probability is large or counting amount of flux surpasses threshold value, selects flux-time value as final amount of flux output.
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| JPS58171688A (en) * | 1981-12-04 | 1983-10-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Measuring device of neutron |
| US20020146087A1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Radiation measurement device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR3028322A1 (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-13 | Toshiba Kk | |
| US9733368B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2017-08-15 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Neutron measurement apparatus and neutron measurement method |
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