CN103993186B - The lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating device and method - Google Patents
The lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103993186B CN103993186B CN201410187743.4A CN201410187743A CN103993186B CN 103993186 B CN103993186 B CN 103993186B CN 201410187743 A CN201410187743 A CN 201410187743A CN 103993186 B CN103993186 B CN 103993186B
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Abstract
The lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of a kind of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating device and method, device comprises vacuum (-tight) housing, Stage microscope, crucible, radiator, coupling mechanism, liquid fillers, heating resistor and thermopair; Radiator is connected with coupling and ultrasonic-frequency power supply; Stage microscope and threaded screw rod and drive-motor are assembled together; Vacuum (-tight) housing is communicated with vacuum pump system with atmosphere control device, inert gas system by valve.Method is: be placed in by carbon based disc in crucible; Regulate atmosphere in vacuum (-tight) housing; Add metal melt, regulate the height of Stage microscope; Vacuumize; Pass into rare gas element to normal pressure; Heated by heating resistor; Control carbon based disc and rotate the oxide film breakdown making metal melt; To metal melt ultrasonic coupling.Device and method of the present invention combines acoustic streaming and the cavatition of ultrasonic field, is optimized by sound field cooperation condition, and wetting and interfacial reaction conditions optimization, obtains desirable interface structure control condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of material technology, particularly the lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of a kind of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating device and method.
Background technology
Gu liquid/wetting and interface behavior are prepared by material, a kind of common physical chemical phenomenon in chemical industry building-up process, Gu be extensively present in the preparation process of the metals such as Metal Melting, structure refinement, liquid/compound, Electronic Packaging, TLP connection, liquid phase sintering and matrix material thereof, and the field such as biological, chemical industry and synthetic chemistry; It is the key technique in material engineering, determines possibility prepared by material, final structure property, and production efficiency to a great extent.
Such as: in the fabricated in situ process of AlTiC grain-refining agent and TiC particle reinforce Al based composites, due to C(Carbon) and Al melt between wettability poor, the impurity such as the normal adsorbed gas of C powder, easy generation hydrogen bond and be gathered into bulk, makes Al melt be difficult to infiltrate and react to the inside of C powder; Meanwhile, C powder easily floats on Al bath surface, when contacting with air, oxidizing reaction occurs, and the oxide film of Al bath surface also counteracts that and makes almost can not occur between C and Al-Ti alloy melt TiC building-up reactions by carrying out that be wetting and reaction; And the interface structure of particle phase TiC and α-Al, determine forming core activity and the interface compatibility of TiC; Therefore, C/Al boundary moisture and interface structure regulate and control problem, have become the technical bottleneck of restriction AlTiC grain-refining agent and the preparation and application of TiC particle reinforce Al based composites.
Recent two decades comes, and is changed the preparation and fabrication environment of material, and then obtains desirable microstructure and property, become the important means of material modification by outfield coupling process; Comprise electric field, magnetic field, ultrasonic field and all multi-methods of compound action between them, by extensive concern and primary study; High-density ultrasonic field has cavitation (AcousticCavitation) effect and acoustic streaming (AcousticStreaming) acts on, the mass transfer behavior of metal melt can be changed, improve the wettability between wild phase and metal melt, thus the strengthening effect of the relative matrix metal of particle can be improved; Migration and the motor behavior of wild phase can be affected, make wild phase particle obtain extraneous energy, from cluster, remove coalescence state, in Dispersed precipitate; The structure attribute of phase interface can be changed, can be used for the emulsification of two-phase or multi-phase fluid and breakdown of emulsion process.Therefore, optimized by sound field cooperation condition and control with sound field pattern, the wetting of liquid/liquid/solid interface and interface structure regulation and control can be realized, comprise surface reaction thermodynamics and dynamics condition and microstructure Evolution process and interface performance and control.
But, the acoustic streaming effect of ultrasonic field can cause circulation and turbulent flow at melt, in addition the scattering process of solid phase interface, reverberant field can be formed in the melt, make the sound field cooperation condition such as the sound pressure level in sound field, amplitude harmony Flow Velocity disorderly, and sound field pattern is difficult to regulation and control, makes the cavitation threshold that in melt, each region is ununified, cause in the research of ultrasonic field melt treatment, its experimental result there will be larger data scatter; Such as: according to the result of study of the people such as Jasiuniene, in ultrasonic field coupling process, for Diskshapetransducer(disc radiator) when producing longitudinal vibration, infinitely great melt is given and the analog result of sound field partitioning scenario there is scattering in the melt of radiator front end after and sound-filed simulation presents obvious non-uniform phenomenon (defining reverberant field) by ultrasonic field transmission ofenergy, if consider the reflex time on melt border again, sound field non-uniform phenomenon can be more serious.
Therefore, in original ultrasonic field coupling process, because sound field pattern is difficult to control, make the sound field cooperation condition disunity in melt, the quantitative relationship between sound field cooperation condition and liquid/liquid/solid interface Microstructural evolution cannot be found, Gu also can not accurately disclose or verify ultrasonic field coupling lower liquid/wetting mechanism of action regulated and controled with interface structure, and associated process conditions parameter.
Summary of the invention
To be coupled the problems referred to above existed technically the method for material modification for existing ultrasonic field, the invention provides the lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of a kind of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating device and method: by by the tight coupling of ultrasonic directional acoustic beam to metal melt, and optimized by sound field cooperation condition, in metal melt, form the controlled sound field of certain standing wave; Again by Underwater Acoustic Propagation, by Energy Coupling feeding/liquid/solid interface, finally realize the wetting of the lower liquid/liquid/solid interface of ultrasonic field coupling and interact controlling.
The lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling of the present invention and structure regulating device comprise vacuum (-tight) housing, Stage microscope, crucible, radiator, coupling mechanism, liquid fillers, heating resistor and thermopair; Heating resistor, thermopair, Stage microscope and crucible are positioned at vacuum (-tight) housing inside, and crucible bottom connects heating resistor, is connected bottom heating resistor with Stage microscope; Radiator bottom is inserted in crucible, and radiator top is connected with coupling mechanism through vacuum (-tight) housing, and coupling mechanism is connected by wire with ultrasonic-frequency power supply; Coupling mechanism is connected by wire with ultrasonic-frequency power supply; Liquid fillers is through vacuum (-tight) housing and crucible inside is inserted in bottom; Be fixedly connected with threaded screw rod bottom Stage microscope, threaded screw rod is assembled together through vacuum (-tight) housing and drive-motor; Vacuum (-tight) housing is provided with vacuum interface, and vacuum interface is communicated with vacuum pump system with atmosphere control system, inert gas system respectively by valve; Heating resistor is connected by wire with temperature control unit with thermopair simultaneously.
Above-mentioned radiator is made up of horn and vibration head; Horn is hyperbolic configuration, and vibration head is fixed on horn bottom; The top of horn is provided with watercooling jacket.
Above-mentioned vacuum pump system is composed in series by lobe pump, sliding vane rotary pump and diffusion pump.
Above-mentioned atmosphere control system is made up of molecular sieve and oxygen trap.
Coupling mechanism in said apparatus is electrostriction structure.
The lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling of the present invention and structure regulating method adopt said apparatus, carries out according to the following steps:
1, carbon based disc is placed in crucible; Vacuum (-tight) housing is closed; Open vacuum pump system to vacuumize vacuum (-tight) housing, vacuum tightness≤10 to vacuum (-tight) housing
-3pa; Described carbon based disc is suppressed by powdered graphite and is formed under pressing pressure 20 ~ 25MPa and dwell time 20 ~ 30s condition;
2, passing in vacuum (-tight) housing by air by the molecular sieve of atmosphere control system and oxygen trap, is normal pressure to vacuum (-tight) housing internal pressure;
3, regulate the height of Stage microscope by drive-motor, make the distance between the lower surface of coupling mechanism and the upper surface of carbon based disc be the integral multiple of pulsed ultrasonic wave half-wavelength (λ/2); Open liquid fillers, in crucible, add metal melt by liquid fillers, contact with vibration head lower surface to metal melt end face, then close liquid fillers; Described metal melt is aluminium and/or aluminium alloy melt;
4, again open vacuum pump system to vacuumize vacuum (-tight) housing, vacuum tightness≤10 to vacuum (-tight) housing
-3pa;
5, in vacuum (-tight) housing, rare gas element is passed into normal pressure by inert gas system;
6, heated by heating resistor, control vacuum case temperature at 700 ~ 850 DEG C;
7, by drive-motor rotatable stage, control heating resistor, crucible and carbon based disc and rotate, make the oxide film breakdown of metal melt;
8, applying dutycycle by ultrasonic-frequency power supply to coupling mechanism is the pulsed ultrasonic wave of 30 ~ 80%, and converting electric energy is become mechanical vibrational energy by coupling mechanism; Mechanical vibration are by radiator by Amplitude amplification, and ultrasonic energy, at 0.05 ~ 0.20mm, is coupled in metal melt by the amplitude controlling vertical vibration; The action time of ultrasonic coupling is 30 ~ 300s, is changed the thermodynamic condition of liquid-solid interface by acoustic energy, reaches the object of the structure regulating at the wetting of carbon aluminium interface and interface.
Above-mentioned ultrasonic-frequency power supply is connected by wire with computer, exports pulsed ultrasonic wave by computer regulating.
In aforesaid method, when ultrasonic energy is coupled in metal melt, then propagate into the C/Al interface between carbon based disc and molten aluminium by metal melt.
Rare gas element in aforesaid method selects argon gas.
The operating frequency f of the ultrasonic-frequency power supply in aforesaid method is 10 ~ 200KHz; Pulsed ultrasonic wave in Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy velocity of sound v by 5790m/s; Pulsed ultrasonic wave half wavelength lambda/2=v/2f.
In aforesaid method, when carrying out ultrasonic coupling, control stiffness of coupling at 0.5 ~ 2w/cm
2; Acoustic pressure is at 0 ~ 50Mpa, and sound field pattern is stationary field.
In aforesaid method, when carrying out ultrasonic coupling, the watercooling jacket to radiator top passes into water coolant and keeps water coolant to circulate.
Principle of the present invention is: ultrasonic-frequency power supply exports pulsed ultrasonic wave by computer regulating, thus control work and the idle time of inverter circuit switching tube, reach the object that modulation power exports, by coupling mechanism, the converting electric energy of footpath overmodulation is become mechanical vibrational energy afterwards, Negotiation speed umformer carries out Amplitude amplification again, finally by radiator or luffing crucible, ultrasonic energy is coupled to
in metal melt, then propagate into C/Al interface by metal melt.
Adopt recirculated water to cool ultrasonic coupler, do not occur the frequency jitter that causes because of overheated and amplitude variations to keep transverter; Melt temperature is controlled by heating resistor and temperature control unit, atmosphere control system is for reducing oxygen content residual in vacuum system, simultaneously, the wetting idol that at the end of experiment, C/Al interface is formed, can be cooled fast by the mode of blast-cold gas, make solidification of metal melt, the raw information of Interfacial Morphology under being coupled to keep ultrasonic field, thus the intermediary of boundary moisture and surface reaction process can easily be studied.
Device and method of the present invention, use the theory of acoustics, multiphase fluid mechanics and reaction engineering, break through traditional material synthesis technology method, propose a kind of ultrasonic field tight coupling device for molten metal/liquid/solid interface, combine acoustic streaming and the cavatition of ultrasonic field; , optimized by sound field cooperation condition meanwhile, and wetting and interfacial reaction conditions optimization, obtain desirable interface structure control condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is carbon aluminium boundary moisture and structure regulating apparatus structure schematic diagram under the ultrasonic field coupling in the embodiment of the present invention, in figure, 1, vacuum (-tight) housing, 2, Stage microscope, 3, heating resistor, 4, crucible, 5, horn, 6, vibration head, 7, threaded screw rod, 8, drive-motor, 9, watercooling jacket, 10, coupling mechanism, 11, ultrasonic-frequency power supply, 12, liquid fillers, 13, vacuum interface, 14, inert gas system, 15, vacuum pump system, 16, atmosphere control system, 17, temperature control unit, 18, thermopair, 19, computer, 20, camera, 21, laser generator, 22, the quartzy form of vacuum (-tight) housing first, 23, the quartzy form of vacuum (-tight) housing second, 24, crucible first aperture, 25, crucible second stone aperture, 26, carbon based disc, 27, metal melt,
Fig. 2 is the ultrasonic field coupling lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture macroscopic view shooting figure in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is that the lower carbon aluminium interface structure of ultrasonic field coupling in the embodiment of the present invention 1 regulates and controls a microcosmic shooting figure;
Fig. 4 is the ultrasonic field coupling lower carbon aluminium interface structure regulation and control secondary microcosmic shooting figure in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 5 makes a video recording without the lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating macroscopic view to scheme;
Fig. 6 is sound field waveform zone chart in Diskshapetransducer melt; In figure, A is boundary wave district, and B is plane wave district;
Fig. 7 is simulation of acoustic field figure in Diskshapetransducer melt.
Embodiment
The material of the crucible adopted in the embodiment of the present invention, horn and vibration head is Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy.
The ultrasonic-frequency power supply adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is 5100C-I type ultrasonic generator.
Inert gas system in the embodiment of the present invention is argon bottle.
The coupling mechanism adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is for being electrostriction structure, and piezoelectric patches diameter is 50mm, and its operating power is 120w.
The lobe pump model adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is JB/T7674, and sliding vane rotary pump model is XD-010, and diffusion pump model is KT300.
The molecular sieve adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is and oxygen trap is commercial products.
The drive-motor model adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is 35BYJ26.
The temperature control unit adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is the PCD-33A-R/M programmable thermostat of SHINKO, considers the hysteresis quality of PID temperature control, adopts the master mode of temperature precompensation, with the heat effect that auto-compensation ultrasonic field is produced in the melt.
The camera adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is the high definition digital camera of 2000 × 1312 pixels.
The laser generator adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is the He2Ne laser generator of wavelength 632.8nm.
Arrange two corresponding quartzy forms in vacuum (-tight) housing both sides in the embodiment of the present invention, arrange the aperture that two corresponding diameters are 20 millimeters in crucible both sides, aperture is positioned at metal melt and carbon based disc junction; By laser generator Emission Lasers, laser through quartzy form and aperture, and by entering camera after coupled interface, is made a video recording to carbon aluminium boundary moisture and interface structure regulation and control situation by camera.
In the embodiment of the present invention, coupling mechanism is connected with ultrasonic-frequency power supply by wire, and its lower end is fixedly connected with by screw with horn,
Liquid fillers in the embodiment of the present invention is by the vitrified pipe manufacture of internal diameter 8mm.
Software system in the embodiment of the present invention are made up of Controlling System and molten drop fitting of a curve system two portions:
Controlling System comprises: the action control of mechanical system, vacuum system control, PID temperature controls, atmosphere system flow and pressure-controlling and ultrasonic field coupled modes and energy loading form control (temperature range of loading, the sound intensity, acoustic pressure, amplitude, sound field pattern and waveform duty cycle etc.), all adopt PLC(ProgramableLogicController) Programmable logical controller technology, and process parameter is detected in real time, system evaluation and control feedback, thus final complex optimum ultrasonic coupling condition; Molten drop fitting of a curve system mainly comprises: under the support of application software, complete the sampling of image, digitizing, storage and display, simultaneously, by IMAGEJADSA plug-in unit, pattern analysis process is carried out to molten drop photo, obtain the curvilinear equation of molten drop by the method for fitting of a curve, analytical calculation contact angle and contact radius, and then analyze its wetting property, and ultrasonic field coupling parameter, temperature, time and substrate characteristics etc., to the affecting laws of C/Al boundary moisture.
Purity >=99.9% of the aluminium adopted in the embodiment of the present invention.
Foreign matter content≤0.1% of the aluminium alloy adopted in the embodiment of the present invention.
Purity >=99.95% of the powdered graphite adopted in the embodiment of the present invention.
Oxygen partial pressure≤6.4 × 10 in vacuum (-tight) housing are controlled when carrying out ultrasonic coupling in the embodiment of the present invention
-3pa.
Embodiment 1
The lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating apparatus structure as shown in Figure 1, comprise vacuum (-tight) housing 1, Stage microscope 2, crucible 4, radiator, coupling mechanism 10, liquid fillers 12, heating resistor 3 and thermopair 18;
It is inner that heating resistor 3, thermopair 18, Stage microscope 2 and crucible 4 are positioned at vacuum (-tight) housing 1, connects heating resistor 3, be connected bottom heating resistor 3 with Stage microscope 2 bottom crucible 4;
Radiator bottom is inserted in crucible 4, and radiator top is connected with coupling mechanism 10 through vacuum (-tight) housing 1; Coupling mechanism 10 is connected by wire with ultrasonic-frequency power supply 11;
Liquid fillers 12 is through vacuum (-tight) housing 1 and crucible 4 inside is inserted in bottom;
Be fixedly connected with threaded screw rod 7 bottom Stage microscope 2, threaded screw rod 7 is assembled together through vacuum (-tight) housing 1 and drive-motor 8;
Vacuum (-tight) housing 1 is provided with vacuum interface 13, and vacuum interface 13 is communicated with vacuum pump system 15 with atmosphere control system 16, inert gas system 14 respectively by valve;
Heating resistor 3 is connected by wire with temperature control unit 17 with thermopair 18 simultaneously;
Radiator is made up of horn 5 and vibration head 6; Horn 5 is hyperbolic configuration, and vibration head 6 is fixed on horn 5 bottom; The top of horn 5 is provided with watercooling jacket 9;
Vacuum pump system 15 is composed in series by lobe pump, sliding vane rotary pump and diffusion pump;
Atmosphere control system 16 is made up of molecular sieve and oxygen trap;
Coupling mechanism 10 is electrostriction structure;
Ultrasonic-frequency power supply 11, temperature control unit 17, drive-motor 8, vacuum pump system 15 are all connected by wire with computer 19 with atmosphere control system 16; Computer 19 is also connected with camera 20 by wire; Laser apparatus 21 is provided with at the correspondence position of camera 20; Vacuum (-tight) housing is provided with the quartzy form of vacuum (-tight) housing first 22 and the quartzy form 23 of vacuum (-tight) housing second; Crucible is provided with crucible first aperture 24 and crucible second orifice 25;
Said apparatus is adopted to carry out the lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating:
Carbon based disc is placed in crucible; Vacuum (-tight) housing is closed; Open vacuum pump system to vacuumize vacuum (-tight) housing, vacuum tightness≤10 to vacuum (-tight) housing
-3pa; Described carbon based disc is suppressed by powdered graphite and is formed under pressing pressure 20 ~ 25MPa and dwell time 20 ~ 30s condition;
Passing in vacuum (-tight) housing by air by the molecular sieve of atmosphere control system and oxygen trap, is normal pressure to vacuum (-tight) housing internal pressure;
Regulate the height of Stage microscope by drive-motor, make the distance between the lower surface of coupling mechanism and the upper surface of carbon based disc be the integral multiple of pulsed ultrasonic wave half-wavelength (λ/2); Open liquid fillers, in crucible, add metal melt by liquid fillers, contact with vibration head lower surface to metal melt end face, then close liquid fillers; Described metal melt is aluminium and/or aluminium alloy melt;
Again open vacuum pump system to vacuumize vacuum (-tight) housing, vacuum tightness≤10 to vacuum (-tight) housing
-3pa;
In vacuum (-tight) housing, argon gas is passed into normal pressure by inert gas system;
Heated by heating resistor, control vacuum case temperature at 700 DEG C;
By drive-motor rotatable stage, control heating resistor, crucible and carbon based disc and rotate, make the oxide film breakdown of metal melt;
Applying dutycycle by ultrasonic-frequency power supply to coupling mechanism is the pulsed ultrasonic wave of 30%, and the operating frequency of ultrasonic-frequency power supply is 20KHz; Converting electric energy is become mechanical vibrational energy by coupling mechanism; Mechanical vibration are by radiator by Amplitude amplification, and ultrasonic energy, at 0.05mm, is coupled in metal melt, propagates into the C/Al interface between carbon based disc and molten aluminium by metal melt by the amplitude controlling vertical vibration; The action time of ultrasonic coupling is 300s, is changed the thermodynamic condition of liquid-solid interface by acoustic energy, reaches the object of the structure regulating at the wetting of carbon aluminium interface and interface;
When carrying out ultrasonic coupling, control stiffness of coupling at 0.5 ~ 2w/cm
2; Acoustic pressure is at 0 ~ 50Mpa, and sound field pattern is stationary field;
When carrying out ultrasonic coupling, the watercooling jacket to radiator top passes into water coolant and keeps water coolant to circulate;
Above-mentioned pulsed ultrasonic wave half wavelength lambda/2=v/2f=5790/(2 × 20 × 10
3)=0.145m;
Above-mentioned metal melt is Al-5Ti melt, stops blowing argon gas cooling plumbago crucible and metal melt after vibration, obtains wetting even, then by wetting idol longitudinally section cut open, and grinding and buffing, forms interface sample;
The image pickup result of the lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating is respectively as shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4; As seen from the figure, under ultrasonic field coupling: (1) can realize good soaking between solid graphite (C) and Al melt, as shown in Figure 2, and wetting interface tension force makes Al melt " climb " at graphite (C) sidewall, the wetting angle of its gas, liquid, solid three phase boundary place Al and graphite (C) is close to 0 ° (complete wetting); (2) can realize infiltration good between graphite (C) powder and Al melt to soak, as shown in Figure 3, Al melt, under wetting interface tension force drives, by wicking action, has infiltrated graphite (C) powder inner; (3) in the dampening system of Al-Ti melt and graphite (C) powder, in C nearly interface A l melt side, Ti and C reaction defines a large amount of TiC particles, as shown in Figure 4;
Liquid Al and solid-state Al
2o
3between there is following reaction, generate Al
2o gas, its decomposition reaction formula is as follows:
Al(l)＋Al
2O
3(s)=Al
2O(g)(1)
According to thermodynamic condition, graphite becomes the reaction formula of free C atom and Gibbs free energy (unit of G is KJ/mol) formula is:
C(S)→C(2)
(3)
From (3) formula, when temperature is higher than 1280 DEG C,
for negative value, can occur from thermodynamics reaction (2), namely C can become C atom free in Al melt;
Graphite and Al fusant reaction form Al
4c
3reaction formula and Gibbs free energy (unit of G is KJ/mol) formula be respectively:
C+Al(l)=Al
4C
3(4)
(5)
C(s)+Al(l)=Al
4C
3(6)
(7)
From formula (5) and formula (7), when temperature is higher than 2455 DEG C, △ G be on the occasion of, from thermodynamics reaction (4) and reaction (6) can not occur, namely C and Al soak condition under, also can not form Al
4c
3hazardous compound; This analytical results, is confirmed in fig. 2;
Under ultrasonic field coupling, because the incident acoustic wave at C/Al interface and reflective sound wave have synergistic effect, to localized hyperthermia be produced in the melt of C/Al near interface, thus the C atom that C becomes free in Al melt can be made, and can effectively stop C, Al direct reaction to form Al simultaneously
4c
3, now, TiC is formed by following reaction path, that is:
Ti＋C(s)=TiC(8)
Ti＋C=TiC(9)
Therefore further demonstrate, under ultrasonic field coupling, the wetting of C/Al interface can be realized and regulate and control with interface structure; Namely by forming C atom, Al is stoped
4c
3formed, change the forming feature of TiC, and enhance the reactive behavior of system, facilitate TiC synthesis, improve reaction efficiency;
Adopt said apparatus, test by the same manner under without ultrasonic coupling condition, image pickup result as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 2
The lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating apparatus structure are with embodiment 1;
The lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating method are with embodiment 1, and difference is:
(1) metal melt described in is molten aluminium;
(2) heated by heating resistor, control vacuum case temperature at 850 DEG C;
(3) applying dutycycle by ultrasonic-frequency power supply to coupling mechanism is the pulsed ultrasonic wave of 50%, and the operating frequency of ultrasonic-frequency power supply is 100KHz; Control the amplitude of vertical vibration at 0.10mm, the action time of ultrasonic coupling is 200s; Pulsed ultrasonic wave half wavelength lambda/2=v/2f=5790/(2 × 100 × 10
3)=0.029m;
Under experiment proves ultrasonic field coupling, the wetting of C/Al interface can be realized and regulate and control with interface structure.
Embodiment 3
The lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating apparatus structure are with embodiment 1;
The lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating method are with embodiment 1, and difference is:
(1) metal melt described in is aluminium and Al-5Ti blend melt;
(2) heated by heating resistor, control vacuum case temperature at 750 DEG C;
(3) applying dutycycle by ultrasonic-frequency power supply to coupling mechanism is the pulsed ultrasonic wave of 80%, and the operating frequency of ultrasonic-frequency power supply is 200KHz; Control the amplitude of vertical vibration at 0.20mm, the action time of ultrasonic coupling is 30s; Pulsed ultrasonic wave half wavelength lambda/2=v/2f=5790/(2 × 200 × 103)=0.014m;
Under experiment proves ultrasonic field coupling, the wetting of C/Al interface can be realized and regulate and control with interface structure.
Claims (4)
1. the lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating method, adopt the lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of ultrasonic field coupling and structure regulating device, this device comprises vacuum (-tight) housing, Stage microscope, crucible, radiator, coupling mechanism, liquid fillers, heating resistor and thermopair; Heating resistor, thermopair, Stage microscope and crucible are positioned at vacuum (-tight) housing inside, and crucible bottom connects heating resistor, is connected bottom heating resistor with Stage microscope; Radiator bottom is inserted in crucible; Radiator top is connected with coupling mechanism through vacuum (-tight) housing, and coupling mechanism is connected by wire with ultrasonic-frequency power supply; Liquid fillers is through vacuum (-tight) housing and crucible inside is inserted in bottom; Be fixedly connected with threaded screw rod bottom Stage microscope, threaded screw rod is assembled together through vacuum (-tight) housing and drive-motor; Vacuum (-tight) housing is provided with vacuum interface, and vacuum interface is communicated with vacuum pump system with atmosphere control system, inert gas system respectively by valve; Heating resistor is connected by wire with temperature control unit with thermopair simultaneously; It is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1) carbon based disc is placed in crucible; Vacuum (-tight) housing is closed; Open vacuum pump system to vacuumize vacuum (-tight) housing, vacuum tightness≤10 to vacuum (-tight) housing
-3pa; Described carbon based disc is suppressed by powdered graphite and is formed under pressing pressure 20 ~ 25MPa and dwell time 20 ~ 30s condition;
(2) passing in vacuum (-tight) housing by air by the molecular sieve of atmosphere control system and oxygen trap, is normal pressure to vacuum (-tight) housing internal pressure;
(3) regulate the height of Stage microscope by drive-motor, make the distance between the lower surface of coupling mechanism and the upper surface of carbon based disc be the integral multiple of pulsed ultrasonic wave half-wavelength; Open liquid fillers, in crucible, add metal melt by liquid fillers, contact with vibration head lower surface to metal melt end face, then close liquid fillers; Described metal melt is aluminium and/or aluminium alloy melt;
(4) again open vacuum pump system to vacuumize vacuum (-tight) housing, vacuum tightness≤10 to vacuum (-tight) housing
-3pa;
(5) in vacuum (-tight) housing, rare gas element is passed into normal pressure by inert gas system;
(6) heated by heating resistor, control vacuum case temperature at 700 ~ 850 DEG C;
(7) by drive-motor rotatable stage, control heating resistor, crucible and carbon based disc and rotate, make the oxide film breakdown of metal melt;
(8) applying dutycycle by ultrasonic-frequency power supply to coupling mechanism is the pulsed ultrasonic wave of 30 ~ 80%, and converting electric energy is become mechanical vibrational energy by coupling mechanism; Mechanical vibration are by radiator by Amplitude amplification, and ultrasonic energy, at 0.05 ~ 0.20mm, is coupled in metal melt by the amplitude controlling vertical vibration; The action time of ultrasonic coupling is 30 ~ 300s, is changed the thermodynamic condition of liquid-solid interface by acoustic energy, reaches the object of the structure regulating at the wetting of carbon aluminium interface and interface.
2. the lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of a kind of ultrasonic field coupling according to claim 1 and structure regulating method, when it is characterized in that carrying out ultrasonic coupling, control stiffness of coupling at 0.5 ~ 2w/cm
2; Acoustic pressure is at 0 ~ 50Mpa, and sound field pattern is stationary field.
3. the lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of a kind of ultrasonic field coupling according to claim 1 and structure regulating method, when it is characterized in that carrying out ultrasonic coupling, the watercooling jacket to radiator top passes into water coolant and keeps water coolant to circulate.
4. the lower carbon aluminium boundary moisture of a kind of ultrasonic field coupling according to claim 1 and structure regulating method, is characterized in that the operating frequency f of ultrasonic-frequency power supply is 10 ~ 200KHz; Pulsed ultrasonic wave is by 5790m/s; Pulsed ultrasonic wave half wavelength lambda/2=v/2f.
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