CN103991985A - Hydrate-process seawater desalting device utilizing LNG (liquefied natural gas) gasifying cold energy and hydrate-process seawater desalting method utilizing LNG gasifying cold energy - Google Patents
Hydrate-process seawater desalting device utilizing LNG (liquefied natural gas) gasifying cold energy and hydrate-process seawater desalting method utilizing LNG gasifying cold energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN103991985A CN103991985A CN201410232510.1A CN201410232510A CN103991985A CN 103991985 A CN103991985 A CN 103991985A CN 201410232510 A CN201410232510 A CN 201410232510A CN 103991985 A CN103991985 A CN 103991985A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hydrate-process seawater desalting device utilizing LNG (liquefied natural gas) gasifying cold energy and a hydrate-process seawater desalting method utilizing LNG gasifying cold energy. The device comprises an urban gas conveying and distributing system, an urban freshwater supply system, a hydrate preparing and decomposing system, and an LNG supplying and gasifying system. Seawater and a carbon dioxide gas are subjected to solid-liquid separating and hydrate decomposing after generating carbon dioxide hydrate in the hydrate preparing and decomposing system, so that obtained fresh water enters the urban freshwater supply system; one end of the hydrate preparing and decomposing system is connected with the LNG supplying and gasifying system; a low-temperature environment needed by generating the carbon dioxide hydrate is provided by a great of cold energy released by LNG gasifying in the LNG supplying and gasifying system; the other end of the LNG supplying and gasifying system is connected with the urban gas conveying and distributing system, and the LNG enters the urban gas conveying and distributing system after being gasified. The hydrate-process seawater desalting device disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of being low in energy consumption, high in LNG cold-energy utilization rate, small in environmental influence, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of sea water desalting technology, be specifically related to a kind of desalination of sea water by hydrate method apparatus and method of the LNG of utilization cold energy.
Technical background
On the earth, the total amount of water is 1,400,000,000 cubes of kms, but fresh water reserves only account for 2.53% of global total Water, and wherein 68.7% again with the formal distribution in solid glacier in the high mountain He Nan, the northern two-stage area that are difficult to exploitation.In the century in the past, due to the development of population growth, industrial development and Irrigation farming, water demand amount is surged, and the contradiction of supply and demand for the water resource is outstanding.According to statistics, the whole world approximately has 1/3 people to live in the area of moderate and height lack of water, approximately has 80 countries, 40% world population serious water shortage.And there are 2,000 ten thousand people's dysdipsias in China, more than 400 city serious water shortage.There is a-hundred-year Serious Drought Event event at the year ends to 2,010 2009 year on Chinese Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan and other places, estimate the year two thousand thirty China will there will be lack of water peak.In addition, due to a large amount of discharges of industry and sanitary sewage, water pollution is serious, fresh water water quality deterioration.At present, the most of city of China and regional Freshwater resources have all been subject to destruction in various degree.
So-called sea water desaltination is exactly the engineering that removes salt unnecessary in seawater and other mineral substance and obtain fresh water.China's desalination technology has developed nearly half a century, develops into so far, and main desalination technology comprises distillation method, embrane method, crystallization process, solvent extration and ion exchange method etc.Wherein efficient distillation method (MED), multistage flash evaporation method (MSF) and reverse osmosis membrane (RO) are the large main flow desalination techniqueies of current sea water desaltination three, and have successfully carried out large-scale production application.But these technology exist respectively energy consumption high, and corrosion speed is fast, and fouling situation is serious, operational condition harshness, the limitation such as inadequate environmental protection, thereby need to be more efficient, low power consuming, the desalination technology of economic environmental protection.
Sea water desaltination based on hydrate is a kind of Seawater Desalination by Freezing, and this technology utilizes the water in hydrating agents and seawater to form hydrate crystal, by solid water compound and liquid separation, then by decomposition of hydrate, finally obtains the method for fresh water.This hydrate can be avoided the fouling in desalting process from principle, the problems such as precipitation, and because the Temperature-pressure Conditions that hydrate is synthetic is moderate, the recycle of hydrating agents energy, therefore energy consumption is lower, and cost is also lower.Hydrate desalination technology has the advantages such as the energy of consumption is few, and environmental influence is little, and equipment is simple to operation, is a kind of environmentally friendly desalination technology, has a good application prospect.
Natural gas liquids (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG) is acknowledged as one of energy the most clean on the earth, and along with the development of world economy, LNG project has become the focus of global investing.LNG is except as power station, factory and household fuel, and wherein contained methane can be used for producing fertilizer, methyl alcohol and the industrial chemicals such as acetic acid synthesized; Its contained ethane and propane can generate ethene and propylene through cracking in addition, are the important source material of plastic prod.LNG under atmospheric pressure changes in the process of normal temperature gaseous state, and a large amount of cold energy can be provided, and by these cold energy recycles, can be used on multiple low temperature applications.Because the current LNG of China uses scale less, the utilization of LNG cold energy is not also paid attention to and is promoted, along with LNG uses the continuous expansion of scale, LNG cold energy utilize market outlook huge.
Because most of LNG receiving station of China is mostly positioned at coastally, and be used for the normally seawater of media of heating, so, cold energy just likely causes seawater temperature abnormal with seawater discharge, and to the marine eco-environment, sea transport cause etc. can have a certain impact.Utilize the cold energy of LNG to carry out sea water desaltination not only can to solve the cold energy use problem of LNG, can also alleviate the shortage of fresh water problem of coastland, application prospect is very wide.
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, invented a kind of desalination of sea water by hydrate method apparatus and method of the LNG of utilization gasification cold energy.
Summary of the invention
Primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of desalination of sea water by hydrate method device of the LNG of utilization gasification cold energy.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of desalination of sea water by hydrate method method of the LNG of utilization gasification cold energy.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of desalination of sea water by hydrate method device that utilizes LNG gasification cold energy in the present invention, comprises that gas transmission and distribution system, city fresh water plenum system, hydrate preparation and decomposing system, LNG supply with and gasification system.
Hydrate preparation and decomposing system one end in the present invention are connected with city fresh water plenum system, enter city fresh water plenum system by the fresh water that prepared by hydrate and decomposing system is produced.Hydrate preparation and the decomposing system the other end supply with LNG and gasification system is connected, and generating the required low temperature environment of carbon dioxide hydrate is provided by the cold energy of LNG gasification acquisition, after LNG gasification, enters gas transmission and distribution system.
Hydrate preparation in the present invention and decomposing system comprise that carbon dioxide unit, seawater extract feed liquor unit, duct type hydrate generation unit, hydrate separation resolving cell.
Carbon dioxide unit in the present invention, seawater extract feed liquor unit and are connected with duct type hydrate generation unit by gas boosting pump, sea-water pump respectively, and carbon dioxide and seawater enter duct type hydrate generation unit and generate the carbon dioxide hydrate slurries with mobility after fully mixing.Duct type hydrate generation unit is connected with hydrate separation resolving cell, and first the carbon dioxide hydrate slurries of generation enter solid-liquid separator and isolate concentrated seawater, and then hydrate enters splitter and decomposes, and gas and fresh water split the carbon dioxide off.Hydrate separation resolving cell is connected with city fresh water plenum system, and the qualified fresh water of production enters city fresh water plenum system, generates pipeline and again forms hydrate and desalinate otherwise enter hydrate by the import of hydrate generation unit liquid phase.
Duct type hydrate generation unit in the present invention is the folding steel pipe of telescoping, and the mixture of leak water in pipeline/carbonic acid gas/hydrate, walks LNG in casing layer.In order to improve heat interchanging area, increase LNG gasification efficiency, hydrate generates in pipeline casing layer helical fin is installed, and makes LNG in casing layer, make helicoidal flow.
LNG in the present invention supplies with and gasification system comprises LNG tank car, unloading deck, BOG well heater, BOG storage tank.LNG tank car is connected with BOG well heater by pipeline, and BOG storage tank one end is connected with BOG well heater, and the other end is connected with gas transmission and distribution system.
The invention still further relates to a kind of desalination of sea water by hydrate method method of the LNG of utilization gasification cold energy, seawater and carbon dioxide are realized solid-liquid separation and decomposition of hydrate generate carbon dioxide hydrate in hydrate preparation and decomposing system after, thereby obtain fresh water.Hydrate preparation and decomposing system one end supply with LNG and gasification system is connected, the needed low temperature environment of generation carbon dioxide hydrate supplied with by LNG and gasification system in the LNG a large amount of cold energy that discharge that gasify provide.LNG supplies with and the gasification system the other end is connected with gas transmission and distribution system, after LNG gasification, enters gas transmission and distribution system.Hydrate preparation and decomposing system one end are connected with city fresh water plenum system, enter city fresh water plenum system by the fresh water that prepared by hydrate and decomposing system is produced.Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) carbon dioxide being provided with carbon dioxide unit from the seawater of large marine extraction by sea-water pump is realized and fully being mixed respectively after sea-water pump, the supercharging of gas boosting pump, then flow in pipes formula hydrate generation unit, for the generation of carbon dioxide hydrate provides starting material;
(2) duct type hydrate generation unit is the folding steel pipe of telescoping, and the mixture of leak water in pipeline/carbonic acid gas/hydrate, walks LNG in casing layer, for increasing heat interchanging area, increasing LNG vaporization rate, helical fin is installed in casing layer.Now LNG generating gasification absorption amount of heat causes temperature in pipeline to reduce, and in pipeline, temperature maintains 1～3 DEG C, for the generation of carbon dioxide hydrate provides favourable condition;
(3) pass through respectively sea-water pump, gas boosting pump to seawater, carbonic acid gas supercharging, then seawater enters hydrate and generates pipeline after fully mixing with carbonic acid gas, make manifold pressure maintain 2～5MPa, ensure that the interior generation of hydrate generation pipeline has the carbon dioxide hydrate slurries of mobility in a large number;
(4) LNG generating gasification in hydrate generation unit casing layer, absorbs amount of heat and makes hydrate generate the temperature reduction in pipeline, and make temperature in pipeline maintain 1～3 DEG C.Meanwhile, the Sweet natural gas that LNG gasification produces enters gas transmission and distribution system by pipeline, and supplies with gas user;
(5) the carbon dioxide hydrate slurries that generate in hydrate generation unit pump into hydrate separation splitter, and first hydrate enters separator and carry out solid-liquid separation, and isolated concentrated seawater directly enters sea or sends near salt manufacturing factory and is used.Then hydrate enters splitter and decomposes, the carbon dioxide decompositing enters hydrate by the import of hydrate generation unit gas phase and generates pipeline, realize the recycle of gas, the fresh water decompositing enters city fresh water plenum system through after the assay was approved, generate pipeline and again form hydrate and desalinate otherwise enter hydrate by the import of hydrate generation unit liquid phase.
Hydrate sea water desalinating plant and the method for a kind of LNG of the utilization gasification cold energy in invention have the features such as energy consumption is low, LNG cold energy use rate is high, efficiency is high, environmental influence is little.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of hydrate sea water desalinating plant process flow diagram that utilizes LNG gasification cold energy.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of desalination of sea water by hydrate method device that utilizes LNG gasification cold energy of the present embodiment, comprise carbon dioxide cylinder 1, gas boosting pump 2, gas meter 3, sea-water pump 4, seawater flow meter 5, gas liquid mixer 6, hydrate generates pipeline 7, the first pressure warning unit 8, the first thermometer 9, hydrate separator 10, concentrated seawater delivery pipe 11, the outer defeated pipe 12 of concentrated seawater, the second pressure warning unit 13, the second thermometer 14, hydrate topping-up pump 15, decomposition of hydrate device 16, the 3rd pressure warning unit 17, the 3rd thermometer 18, fresh water pump 18, fresh-water flow meter 20, city fresh water plenum system 21, LNG tank car 22, unloading deck 23, BOG well heater 24, BOG spherical storage tank 25, gas transmission and distribution system 26.
A kind of desalination of sea water by hydrate method method of utilizing LNG gasification cold energy of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
Carbon dioxide in carbon dioxide cylinder 1 is increased by gas boosting pump 2, and arrives gas liquid mixer 6 by pipeline after gas meter 3 meterings;
Seawater from large marine extraction, and enters gas liquid mixer 6 by pipeline by sea-water pump 4 after seawater flow meter 5 metering;
In gas liquid mixer 6, carbon dioxide and seawater are realized fully and being mixed, and mixed carbonic acid gas and seawater enter hydrate by pipeline and generate pipeline 7;
Make hydrate generate pipeline 7 internal pressures by the mixture of continuous injecting carbon dioxide and seawater in hydrate generation pipeline 7 and maintain 3～5MPa, for the generation of carbon dioxide hydrate slurries provides pressure condition, the pressure that hydrate generates in pipeline 7 is measured by the first pressure warning unit 8;
Meanwhile, the LNG in LNG tank car carries topping-up pump by it and unloads self-unloading ride 23, then flows in the casing layer of hydrate generation pipeline 7 by pipeline.In hydrate generates the casing layer of pipeline 7 LNG by with external environment heat exchange generating gasification, absorb amount of heat and cause hydrate to generate the interior temperature of pipeline 7 and reduce, in the present invention, hydrate generates the interior temperature of pipeline 1 and maintains 1～3 DEG C, for the generation of carbon dioxide hydrate slurries provides cold condition, hydrate generates temperature in pipeline and is measured by the first thermometer 9.In order to increase LNG heat interchanging area, to improve LNG vaporization rate, in the casing layer of hydrate generation pipeline 7, helical fin is installed, make LNG for the helical movement therein.The Sweet natural gas that LNG gasification produces is delivered to gas transmission and distribution system 26 by pipeline, and supplies with gas user use;
After LNG tank car 22 is unloaded, the BOG well heater 24 of the gas in tank car being carried by the pipeline at top enters BOG spherical storage tank 25 and cushions after 24 heating of BOG well heater, then enters gas transmission and distribution system 26 by pipeline;
The interior generation of hydrate generation pipeline 7 has the carbon dioxide hydrate slurries of mobility, carbon dioxide hydrate slurries are delivered to hydrate separator 10 by hydrate slurry pipeline and carry out liquid-solid separation, isolated concentrated seawater is directly discharged into marine greatly or is delivered near salt manufacturing factory by concentrated seawater transport pipe 12 by concentrated seawater discharge tube 11, and is used.Pressure, temperature in hydrate separator 10 are measured by the second pressure warning unit 13, the second thermometer 14 respectively;
Carbon dioxide hydrate through liquid-solid separation is delivered to decomposition of hydrate device 16 by hydrate topping-up pump 15 by pipeline, hydrate separation decomposes, 16 interiorly arrange the separation net that one deck hole is comparatively intensive, solid state hydrate particle is retained on separation net, the fresh water that decomposition of hydrate produces flows into decomposition of hydrate device 16 bottoms, the carbon dioxide that decomposition of hydrate produces is delivered to gas liquid mixer 6 by the pipeline at decomposition of hydrate device 16 tops, and delivery value hydrate generates the generation that participates in carbon dioxide hydrate in pipeline 7 again, realize the recycle of carbon dioxide.After the fresh water of decomposition of hydrate device 16 bottoms is qualified after testing, by fresh water transfer pump 19 superchargings, and be delivered to city fresh water plenum system 21 by pipeline after 20 meterings of fresh-water flow meter, and supply with fresh water user.If fresh water water quality is defective after testing, by fresh water transfer pump 19 superchargings, and be delivered to after gasification mixer 6 fully mixes with carbon dioxide and enter in hydrate generation pipeline 7 by pipeline after 20 meterings of fresh-water flow meter, again participate in the generation of carbon dioxide hydrate slurries, and again desalinating, until fresh water water quality reaching standard.
These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention, so, all any amendments of making within the spirit and principles in the present invention, being equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a desalination of sea water by hydrate method device that utilizes LNG gasification cold energy, is characterized in that, comprises that gas transmission and distribution system, city fresh water plenum system, hydrate preparation and decomposing system, LNG supply with and gasification system; Hydrate preparation and decomposing system one end are connected with city fresh water plenum system, enter city fresh water plenum system by the fresh water that prepared by hydrate and decomposing system is produced; Hydrate preparation and the decomposing system the other end supply with LNG and gasification system is connected, and generating the required low temperature environment of carbon dioxide hydrate is provided by the cold energy of LNG gasification acquisition, after LNG gasification, enters gas transmission and distribution system.
2. the desalination of sea water by hydrate method device that utilizes LNG gasification cold energy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described hydrate preparation and decomposing system comprise that carbon dioxide unit, seawater extract feed liquor unit, duct type hydrate generation unit, hydrate separation resolving cell; Described carbon dioxide unit, seawater extract feed liquor unit and are connected with duct type hydrate generation unit by gas boosting pump, sea-water pump respectively, and carbon dioxide and seawater enter duct type hydrate generation unit and generate the carbon dioxide hydrate slurries with mobility after fully mixing; Duct type hydrate generation unit is connected with hydrate separation resolving cell, and first the carbon dioxide hydrate slurries of generation enter solid-liquid separator and isolate concentrated seawater, and then hydrate enters splitter and decomposes, and gas and fresh water split the carbon dioxide off; Hydrate separation resolving cell is connected with city fresh water plenum system, and the qualified fresh water of production enters city fresh water plenum system, generates pipeline and again forms hydrate and desalinate otherwise enter hydrate by the import of hydrate generation unit liquid phase.
3. the desalination of sea water by hydrate method device of the LNG of utilization gasification cold energy as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: in hydrate preparation and decomposing system, described duct type hydrate generation unit is the folding steel pipe of telescoping, the mixture of leak water in pipeline/carbonic acid gas/hydrate, walks LNG in casing layer; Hydrate generates in pipeline casing layer helical fin is installed, and makes LNG in casing layer, make helicoidal flow.
4. the desalination of sea water by hydrate method device that utilizes LNG gasification cold energy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described LNG supplies with and gasification system comprises LNG tank car, unloading deck, BOG well heater, BOG storage tank; LNG tank car is connected with BOG well heater by pipeline, and BOG storage tank one end is connected with BOG well heater, and the other end is connected with gas transmission and distribution system.
5. a desalination of sea water by hydrate method method of utilizing LNG gasification cold energy, is characterized in that,
Seawater and carbon dioxide are realized solid-liquid separation and decomposition of hydrate generate carbon dioxide hydrate in hydrate preparation and decomposing system after, thereby obtain fresh water; Hydrate preparation and decomposing system one end supply with LNG and gasification system is connected, the needed low temperature environment of generation carbon dioxide hydrate supplied with by LNG and gasification system in the LNG a large amount of cold energy that discharge that gasify provide; LNG supplies with and the gasification system the other end is connected with gas transmission and distribution system, after LNG gasification, enters gas transmission and distribution system; Hydrate preparation and decomposing system one end are connected with city fresh water plenum system, enter city fresh water plenum system by the fresh water that prepared by hydrate and decomposing system is produced; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) carbon dioxide being provided with carbon dioxide unit from the seawater of large marine extraction by sea-water pump is realized and fully being mixed respectively after sea-water pump, the supercharging of gas boosting pump, then flow in pipes formula hydrate generation unit, for the generation of carbon dioxide hydrate provides starting material;
(2) duct type hydrate generation unit is the folding steel pipe of telescoping, and the mixture of leak water in pipeline/carbonic acid gas/hydrate, walks LNG in casing layer, and helical fin is installed in casing layer; In pipeline, temperature maintains 1～3 DEG C;
(3) pass through respectively sea-water pump, gas boosting pump to seawater, carbonic acid gas supercharging, then seawater enters hydrate and generates pipeline after fully mixing with carbonic acid gas, make manifold pressure maintain 2～5MPa, ensure that the interior generation of hydrate generation pipeline has the carbon dioxide hydrate slurries of mobility in a large number;
(4) LNG generating gasification in hydrate generation unit casing layer, absorbs amount of heat and makes hydrate generate the temperature reduction in pipeline, and make temperature in pipeline maintain 1～3 DEG C; Meanwhile, the Sweet natural gas that LNG gasification produces enters gas transmission and distribution system by pipeline, and supplies with gas user;
(5) the carbon dioxide hydrate slurries that generate in hydrate generation unit pump into hydrate separation splitter, and first hydrate enters separator and carry out solid-liquid separation, and isolated concentrated seawater directly enters sea or sends near salt manufacturing factory and is used; Then hydrate enters splitter and decomposes, the carbon dioxide decompositing enters hydrate by the import of hydrate generation unit gas phase and generates pipeline, realize the recycle of gas, the fresh water decompositing enters city fresh water plenum system through after the assay was approved, generate pipeline and again form hydrate and desalinate otherwise enter hydrate by the import of hydrate generation unit liquid phase.
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| CN112390318A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-23 | 河南理工大学 | Method for removing oil by freezing and thawing carbon dioxide hydrate |
| CN113913219A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-11 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and treatment system for seawater desalination by coupling separation and recovery of oilfield associated gas |
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Application publication date: 20140820 |