CN103989482A - Sound stimulator for acousma detection and device for acousma detection - Google Patents
Sound stimulator for acousma detection and device for acousma detection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A sound simulator for acousma detection comprises a DSP processing unit, a storage unit, an input unit, a display unit, an audio drive unit and earphones. The storage unit is used for storing configuration files and sound files, the earphones are used for sending stimulating sound to a patient, the storage unit, the input unit, the display unit and the audio drive unit are respectively connected to the DSP processing unit, and the earphones are connected to the audio drive unit. By means of the sound simulator for acousma detection, simulating sound signals with extremely high time accuracy can be generated, and the difference of sound playing of each cycle is smaller than one microsecond. Due to the fact that time accuracy is extremely high, high accuracy complex stimulating signals can be generated. The sound stimulator for acousma detection can induce large-amplitude EEG signals and improve time accuracy and frequency responses of the EEG signals. The sound stimulator for acousma detection further enables the detection speed of the EEG signals to be faster.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of brainstem auditory evoked brain electric installation, relate in particular to the sound stimulation device of testing for auditory hallucination and the device of testing for auditory hallucination.
Background technology
Auditory hallucination is as a kind of mental sickness, and its diagnosis is a technical barrier always, and for a long time, doctor can only pass through subjective scale or the such means of Self-reporting inventory, is reacted the Mental Health state of oneself by patient oneself by the mode of filling in a form.This method subjectivity is very strong, is difficult to accomplish objective and accurate judgement.
Although people guess EEG signals and may have with mental sickness that certain is associated,, a little less than bringing out reaction signal, amplitude, even lower than background brain electricity, is subject to the interference of various noise artefacts and background brain electricity, is difficult to be applied to mental sickness.
Auditory steady state (ASSR) be repeat and the fixing sonic stimulation in interval under the some position reaction brought out, produced by whole auditory nervous system, be recorded to by scalp.Auditory steady state is widely used at child's the aspects such as territory detection, Anesthesia Monitoring, auditory nervous system disease of listening.It stimulates the generation of sound to mainly contain two kinds of modes, and the one, adopt the synthetic stimulation sound of computer sound card, by software integrated voice data and drive sound card to play; The 2nd, adopt independent sound card, as USB sound card, sound is synthesized by computer software.These two kinds of modes, by the control of computer, can produce the stimulation sound of multiple combination neatly.But, produce like this and stimulate the sound EEG signals of bringing out for research mental sickness, the EEG signals of bringing out very a little less than, effect is very not obvious.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the object of the invention is to propose a kind of sound stimulation device that can bring out high-quality EEG signals, for the detection of this mental sickness of auditory hallucination.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of device detecting for auditory hallucination, detects this mental sickness of auditory hallucination, for doctor provides objective data foundation to the judgement of the state of an illness with objective means.
For this reason, the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention, it comprises DSP processing unit, memory element, input block, display unit, audio driven unit, earphone; Described memory element is for store configuration files and audio files; Described earphone is for sending stimulation sound to patient; Described memory element, input block, display unit, audio driven unit are connected to respectively DSP processing unit; Earphone is connected to described audio driven unit.
Electedly, described memorizer is SD card, and described audio drive circuitry is audio codec.
Electedly, described DSP processing unit is according to the instruction of input block input, from memory element, read configuration file and audio files, form corresponding periodicity stimulus sequence according to configuration file and audio files, export described periodicity stimulus sequence to earphone by audio drive circuitry.
Preferably, there is synchronous triggering signal at the initial time in each cycle of described periodicity stimulus sequence to outside by its general peripheral hardware IO in described DSP processing unit.
The device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention, it comprises sound stimulation device, the eeg signal acquisition device controlling computer, detect for auditory hallucination; The wherein said sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination is the above-mentioned sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination; Described eeg signal acquisition device comprises the electrode for being fixed to patient's head; In the time of test, the periodicity stimulus sequence that the earphone of the described sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination receives according to it sends and stimulates sound to patient's ear; The electrode collection of described eeg signal acquisition device is subject to the patient's of sonic stimulation original EEG signals; Described original EEG signals is sent to described control computer after described eeg signal acquisition device is processed.
Preferably, described computer is connected with described sound stimulation device and the described eeg signal acquisition device detecting for auditory hallucination by USB, is the described sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination and the power supply of described eeg signal acquisition device by USB.
Preferably, described control computer transmits control signal to the described sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination by USB; Described control computer is received the described EEG signals collecting by described brain wave acquisition device by USB.
Preferably, described earphone is In-Ear Headphones.
Preferably, the electrode of described eeg signal acquisition device is Ag-AgCl electrode.
Preferably, described eeg signal acquisition device comprises simulation filtering and amplifying circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit, microcontroller, interface communication circuit; The signal of described electrode collection is delivered to analog to digital conversion circuit after the amplification of simulation filtering and amplifying circuit and filtering, the signal after digitized is delivered to microcontroller by analog to digital conversion circuit, the signal after described digitized is delivered to interface communication circuit by microcontroller, by corresponding host-host protocol, EEG signals is transferred to described control computer.
By the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention, can the high stimulation acoustical signal of generation time precision, the difference that the sound of each cycle is play is less than 1 μ s.Because time precision is high, therefore can produce high accuracy complex stimulus signal.The sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention can bring out high-amplitude EEG signals, improve time precision and the frequency response of EEG signals.The sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention can also make the detection speed of EEG signals faster.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure theory diagram detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural principle block diagram of the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of an embodiment of the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the working-flow figure of the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the measured waveform figure of the sound of the sound stimulation device detecting for the auditory hallucination generation of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the sound of several waveforms of the sound stimulation device detecting for the auditory hallucination generation of Fig. 3;
Fig. 7 is one group of sonic stimulation sequence taking in the time carrying out ASSR experiment;
Fig. 8 is the theory diagram of the eeg signal acquisition device of the device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention;
In Fig. 9, (a) be the uniformly-spaced sinusoidal signal of the sound card generation of prior art, (b) be the uniformly-spaced sinusoidal signal that the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention produces;
Figure 10 is the ASSR amplitude distribution figure (1000 sections) of the EEG signals of bringing out of the 40Hz Don chirp of the intensity of sound 60dB SPL of the sound card generation of prior art, and transverse axis unit is μ V;
Figure 11 is the ASSR amplitude distribution figure (1000 section) of the present invention for the EEG signals of bringing out of the 40Hz Don chirp of the intensity of sound 60dB SPL of the sound stimulation device generation of auditory hallucination detection, and transverse axis unit is μ V;
Figure 12 is the matching distribution curve comparison diagram of Figure 10 and Figure 11;
Figure 13 is that ASSR detects cognitive function experimental paradigm schematic flow sheet;
Figure 14 is that 40Hz modulation stimulates sound schematic diagram, wherein (a) is speech waveform, (b) being meaningless speech waveform, is (c) speech waveform after 40Hz modulation, is (d) the meaningless speech waveform after 40Hz modulation;
Figure 15 is normal tested and auditory hallucination patient 40Hz ASSR SNR scattergram under voice and meaningless sonic stimulation;
Figure 16 is the typical case R that leads
sNRthe Statistical Comparison figure of value;
Figure 17 is the TP7 of auditory hallucination patient and the normal tested result of calculation RSNR-T7 PSNR scattergram that leads that leads;
Figure 18 is the average result of PSDA topography, brain function connection and flow enhancement topography;
In Figure 19, be that normal tested and auditory hallucination patient Cp and Lp are with changes of threshold curve;
Figure 20 typical case's position view that leads.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, the row entering to the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention with for the device of auditory hallucination detection by reference to the accompanying drawings describes in detail.
Be illustrated in figure 2 the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention.It comprises DSP processing unit 23, memory element 24, input block 25, display unit 26, audio driven unit 22, earphone 21.Memory element 24 is for store configuration files and audio files, and earphone 21 is for sending stimulation sound to patient.Memory element 24, input block 25, display unit 26, audio driven unit 22 are connected to respectively DSP processing unit 23.Earphone 21 is connected to audio driven unit 22.
A detailed description of the invention of the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, DSP processing unit 23, as master chip, is 16 fixed DSP TMS320C5515 of C5000 series of Texas Instruments company.Wherein, master chip TMS320C5515, sticks into row data communication by EMIF interface and external SD as memory element 24, from SD card, reads out voice data; Pass through I
2c bus, is configured audio codec (Coder-Decoder, the CODEC) TLVAIC3204 as audio driven unit 22, passes through I
2s bus, transmission voice data is to CODEC; By a GPIO port, send synchronous trigger.Meanwhile, master chip passes through the external OLED display device as display unit 26, the state of display system operation.SD card is for storing the file of two types, and one is configuration file, and another is audio files, stimulates completing with MATLAB is prepared in advance of audio files, and formation sequence M file, is written in SD card.
The workflow of the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention as shown in Figure 4, after stimulator has initialized, first will scan SD card, and available configuration file and audio files will be identified.If file system is errorless, system will send stimulus sequence, according to the parameter that codec is set of the configuration file of the information providing and audio files.In stimulating course, audio files will be read and send to CODEC.General peripheral hardware IO port (GPIO) is for exporting a triggering signal.This signal has been connected to EEG amplifier, and in data analysis process, trigger can be used to separate EEG data and convert different stimulations to.In addition, when triggering signal can be used to determine the delay of response.
Data transmission in network telephony is mainly to pass through I
2s bus is sent to codec.The working time test of system is as follows, and by analyzing source code, the data of the time delay request of being grown are most 0.4 μ s, and voice data of every transmission needs I
2s bus transmission order and data respectively once, are calculated taking ASSR stimulus frequency as 200Hz, and in one-period, maximum bias voltage is less than 0.8 μ s, and the deviation ratio in single cycle will be less than 0.016%.The sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention can be exported the pure tone of periodic linear frequency modulation sound chirp, short sound click, FM/AM modulation, as shown in Figure 5,6, meets the requirement of experiment that various stable states stimulate.In Fig. 6, (a) be click waveform, (b) Neely chirp waveform, (c) is Don chirp waveform, is (d) Boer chirp waveform.
The uniformly-spaced sinusoidal signal that the sound card that Fig. 9 (a) is prior art produces, Fig. 9 (b) is the uniformly-spaced sinusoidal signal that the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention produces; Can see significantly, the time difference between the interval of the uniformly-spaced sinusoidal signal that the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention produces is little.
Figure 10-12 are the ASSR distribution schematic diagram of 40Hz Don chirp at intensity of sound 60dB SPL evoked brain potential signal.Figure 10 represents the ASSR amplitude distribution figure (1000 sections) bringing out under the sound card stimulation of prior art, Figure 11 figure represents that ASSR amplitude distribution figure (1000 sections) the transverse axis unit under the sound stimulation device Induced by Stimulation detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention is μ V, Figure 12 is Figure 10 and the figure that contrasts of Figure 11 matched curve, can find that two distributions all present normal distribution, but the center amplitude of Figure 11 curve will be higher than the center amplitude of Figure 10 curve, this show of the present invention for auditory hallucination detect sound stimulation device Induced by Stimulation more Gao Gengqiang EEG signals.
Be illustrated in figure 1 the apparatus structure theory diagram detecting for auditory hallucination, it comprises sound stimulation device 20, the eeg signal acquisition device 30 controlling computer 10, detect for auditory hallucination; The sound stimulation device wherein detecting for auditory hallucination is described above.Eeg signal acquisition device 30 comprises the electrode 31,32 for being fixed to patient's head; In the time of test, the periodicity stimulus sequence that the earphone 21 of the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination receives according to it sends and stimulates sound to patient's ear; The electrode 31,32 of eeg signal acquisition device 30 gathers the patient's who is subject to sonic stimulation original EEG signals; Original EEG signals is sent to and controls computer 10 after eeg signal acquisition device 30 is processed, and processes accordingly.
As shown in Figure 8, eeg signal acquisition device 30 comprises simulation filtering and amplifying circuit 33, analog to digital conversion circuit 34, microcontroller 35, interface communication circuit 36; The signal that described electrode 31,32 gathers through simulation filtering and amplifying circuit 33 amplify and filtering after deliver to analog to digital conversion circuit 34, the signal after digitized is delivered to microcontroller 35 by analog to digital conversion circuit 34, the signal after described digitized is delivered to interface communication circuit 36 by microcontroller 35, by corresponding host-host protocol, EEG signals is transferred to described control computer.
Control computer 10 and send to sound stimulation device 20 stimulation instructions that detect for auditory hallucination, control the eeg data that eeg signal acquisition device 30 commencing signal acquisition controlling computers 10 send by USB interface real-time storage eeg signal acquisition device 30 simultaneously, here can be also other interface protocols, be not limited to USB.Sound stimulation device 20 outputs that detect for auditory hallucination periodically stimulate sound, and each cycle sends synchronizing signal by GPIO to eeg signal acquisition device 30, and eeg signal acquisition device 30 is done sync mark for eeg data automatically, is convenient to post analysis.Earphone adopts insert earphone, can avoid sound leakage, acoustical signal to reach offside cochlea.Adopt plate-like Ag-AgCl electrode, the brain electricity cream of annotating when measurement, effectively reduces skin electrode impedance.
Be the contrast experiment who carries out with the device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention below.
Experimental design
This experiment, using gamma frequency range ASSR as analytical tool, has designed two groups of experiments.
Experiment essential information
Two groups of experiments tested identical, have 15 experimenters and participate in, male 11 people, and women 4 people, the age is between 20-40 year, 28 years old mean age, dextromanuality, audition is normal.Wherein, experimental group is auditory hallucination patient with sympotoms 5 people, and every patient has lasting auditory hallucination symptom to exceed more than 1 year.Matched group is normal tested 10 people, and cognitive function is normal, without known neurological disorder.Auditory hallucination phenomenon belongs to one of clinical symptoms of mental sickness, often follows auditory sense cognition functional defect, has the brain dysfunction due to different reasons.All experimenter's voluntary participation experiments, follow Declaration of Helsinki (Declaration of Helsinki), all tested all in the know in advance to experimentation, and obtain expense compensation.
Test data all adopts NeuroScan Synamps2 system log (SYSLOG).Taking nose as reference, forehead is ground, and record 64 is led eeg data, the position 10-20 system electrode method in accordance with international practices of leading.All resistance values that lead are all less than 10k Ω, and data sampling rate is 1kHz, bandpass filtering 0.05～200Hz.
Experimental paradigm
(1) experiment one
Experimenter's sitting posture of being kept upright, ears are to sound.Stimulating sound is two sections, and first awarding meaningful voice stimulates, then gives meaningless sound, and every section stimulates sound length is 20s, interval 5s, and stimulating sound intensity is 65dB SPL.For recording tested whether perception and understanding the meaning that stimulates sound, after every section of stimulation, all require meaning the record of tested repetition institute perceives sound.
ASSR detects cognitive function experimental paradigm as Figure 13, and the meaningful voice that stimulate sound to be divided under 40Hz modulation stimulate and two kinds of meaningless sound, stimulate sound waveform as shown in figure 14.Voice stimulate and are made up of 10 conventional Chinese dual-syllable words, and Chinese female voice is at the uniform velocity read aloud, and guarantees clearly hear and understand.Meaningless sonic stimulation is broadcast the sampled data of voice signal, and Auditory Perception is that noise is insignificant sound, but because the total data of sound are constant, therefore two sections stimulate the gross energy of sound to equate with frequency spectrum.Adopt 40Hz sinusoidal signal to carry out amplitude modulation(PAM) to two groups of acoustical signals, modulation depth is 100%, and signal envelope does not change (0.5～20Hz), does not therefore affect the identification of human brain to voice.
(2) experiment two
Experimenter's sitting posture of being kept upright, is traditional chirp stimulation mode, and ears, to sound, are play respectively the Don chirp sound that 40Hz repeats fast.Stimulate sound pressure level to select the suitableeest threshold 60dB, stimulation sound duration 50 seconds.
Data analysis
(1) calculation procedure
Experiment one:
1) EEG data are carried out to pretreatment, as filtering, go average;
2) calculate the SNR value of leading for every group 64 on stimulus frequency;
3) drawing the 64 distribution topography of leading SNR contrasts;
4) select the typical case in the auditory sense cognition brain district contrast SNR value of leading.
Experiment two:
1) from 64 lead choose 30 lead EEG data carry out network connect calculate;
2) use Akaike rule to estimate the order of MVAR;
3) ask normalized 30 × 30DTF matrix γ with DTF algorithm
ij, matrix γ
ijvalue is with directive link information between leading between two;
4) setting threshold T, proof strength, higher than the connection of threshold value, is drawn brain function connection layout;
5) calculate each outflow of leading and the ratio that flows into quantity of information, draw the brain of ratio and distinguish Butut;
6) adopt Graph Analysis method, coefficient C and minimal path L birds of the same feather flock together in the part that calculating brain function connects.
(2) SNR calculates
Whole section of 20s data are carried out to FFT calculating, and it is to obtain by the power spectrum signal at detection signal-to-noise ratio calculated response frequency place and the average power spectra of all side frequencies place (20 of Frequency points) that SNR calculates.In order to react the SNR diversity under voice and meaningless sonic stimulation, definition SNR ratio:
SNR
speechfor voice stimulate lower signal to noise ratio, SNR
nomeaningfor the signal to noise ratio under meaningless sonic stimulation, work as R
sNRbe greater than 1, represent under more meaningless sonic stimulation, to obtain stronger ASSR signal under voice stimulation.
(3) the analysis of network selection of leading
Adopt full brain 30 to lead EEG signals as analysis of network data, connection reflection Ge Nao district between brain analysis of network Shi Yinao district is in the information flow situation in auditory sense cognition field, scalp brain electricity is subject to the impact of volume conductor effect, too intensive between leading, dependency between adjacent leading is strong, affect the analysis that full brain connects, led and brain electricity, screen 30 objects of leading as brain analysis of network, the 30 full brains of position uniform fold that lead from 64.
(4) network analysis method
For having improved the demonstration scale of result, according to Yan Zheng, flow of information gain definitions is proposed, not only combine the value of information of outflow, also consider inflow quantity of information.Inflow information and the outflow information of m of leading is as follows:
The gain of definition flow of information is:
Test an interpretation of result
Behavior outcome
The result of subordinate act, 10 are normal tested, and meaning that all can perceptible stimulus voice, under meaningless sonic stimulation, does not experience any meaningful voice.Auditory hallucination patient can perceive stimulation voice, wherein has 4 patients under meaningless sonic stimulation, can experience voice, belongs to hallucination, comprises lasting voice in a low voice or is familiar with voice etc.
The behavioristics result of table 1 auditory hallucination patient to voice and meaningless sonic stimulation
Feature distributes
According to the data of experiment one, calculate the brain electrical activity mapping of SNR, as can be seen from Figure 15, normal tested ASSR signal distributions is except forehead, other brain districts can obtain compared with non-voice in the time that voice stimulate stimulates higher ASSR, particularly left hemisphere auditory center strengthens obviously with listening the residing cortex brain of language maincenter district signal, has reacted this region gamma signal in speech recognition process and has strengthened.The tested ASSR signal of auditory hallucination presents the two cerebral hemispheres and differs greatly, left hemisphere R
sNRvalue compared with normal is tested little, and is less than 1, represents the tested gamma frequency band signals enhancing to some extent on the contrary under non-voice stimulates of auditory hallucination.
Typical case's diversity of leading
Select cortex corresponding to brain left temporal lobe auditory language district lead T7, TP7, P7, lead as shown in figure 20, from meaningful voice and two kinds of different stimulated of meaningless sound, the tested SNR value under meaningful voice stimulate of auditory hallucination is little.And from the normal tested result of major part, under meaningful voice stimulate, SNR is larger.
The table 2 auditory hallucination patient typical case SNR (dB) that leads
The table 3 normal patient typical case SNR (dB) that leads
Auditory hallucination patient is in accepting meaningless sonic stimulation, and it is positioned at movable reinforcement the in auditory sense cognition brain district of left hemisphere.Tested to the repetition of listened content in, normal tested all showing can perception and understand voice, there is no any meaningful information of perception under non-language stimulation.And the tested description of auditory hallucination shows, under voice stimulate, it can perceive the voice of respective sense.And under non-voice stimulates, still can experience various voice stimulates, as tested some be familiar with people speech sound, recurrent in one's ear in a low voice etc.Change and can tentatively infer according to the SNR of auditory hallucination patient left side brain district ASSR, even under the stimulation of meaningless sound, auditory hallucination patient's speech recognition brain zone function is also activated, in active state, therefore cause patient in the situation that reality stimulates without voice, still identify " voice ", occur auditory hallucination symptom.
The abnormal distribution in another region that auditory hallucination patient's cortex ASSR distribution exists, as shown in figure 15, with respect to normally tested, auditory hallucination patient Ding district is all higher compared with RSNR value in extensive region.Main cause is auditory hallucination patient with normal tested to accept that voice stimulate be that the distribution of cortex ASSR is basically identical, signal SNR is stronger for occipital region, top, and auditory hallucination patient is accepting when meaningless sonic stimulation, the ASSR SNR value in top district is less, a little less than showing the activity in cortex brain district.
The RSNR data of selecting two typical cases of cortex corresponding to auditory sense cognition brain district to lead T7 and TP7, respectively taking T7RSNR as x axial coordinate, TP7RSNR is y axial coordinate, draw the scatterplot of each tested correspondence, as shown in figure 16, auditory hallucination patient can obviously distinguish with normal tested DATA DISTRIBUTION, exists linear classifying face that data are divided into two classes, auditory hallucination patient's result is positioned at the left side of straight line, and normal tested result is positioned at right side.
Test two interpretations of result
Brain analysis of network
The data of 2 10 normal tested experiments of experiment with computing are average.The function connection mode figure of ASSR response is shown in Figure 18.Meanwhile, Figure 18 has also provided the brain mapping result that power Spectral Estimation (Power Spectral Density Analysis, PSDA) obtains, and brain mapping wherein uses the function that EEGLAB provides to draw.Figure 18 the 3rd row figure is the result being calculated by flow enhancement.Connecting line in function connection layout has characterized interregional connection, and the arrow connecting on thinking represents the direction connecting, and the color of connecting line represents with fineness the intensity being connected.
The region of being contained by the power spectrumanalysis result visible response of Figure 18 is not limited to central cortex region, presents distribution pattern comparatively widely.Wherein, the region of response amplitude maximum is mainly distributed in forehead-central authorities and top-occipital lobe.In addition, Whole Response distributes and shows symmetrical characteristic.Observe brain function connection mode figure and can clearly tell a large amount of connections in central cortex region.In addition the position that, further the closure between viewing area can be found to receive information as flow of information target area is mainly distributed in forehead-temporal lobe.The brain mapping of flow enhancement is presented in ASSR task, and connection cortex is mainly positioned at the central cortex on the crown, has two weak connection cortexes in addition at bilateral temporal lobe.
Graph Analysis
In addition, also auditory hallucination patient has been carried out same test and analyzed.For and difference auditory hallucination patient connection layout more tested than compared with normal, use the method for graph theory to there being DTF to estimate that the connection mode obtaining has carried out further determining quantitative analysis here.First need DTF to estimate to obtain that connection matrix is converted into figure so that use graph theory tool analysis.This step completes by setting threshold T.It should be noted that the not unified standard of value for threshold value T, therefore chosen 0～1 scope herein, interval steps is made as 0.001.By traveling through all threshold values, can calculate taking threshold value as variable, with birds of the same feather flock together coefficient Cp and the shortest path value Lp of changes of threshold.
(1) the PSDA topography based on FFT and the comparison of function connection result
EEG signal leads from 32.As shown in figure 18, the ASSR of 40Hz Induced by Stimulation response is mainly positioned at region, the central crown.Another one characteristic distributions is to be different from SSVEP, and the response region of ASSR distributes comparatively extensive, and the response of SSVEP only concentrates on position, occipital region conventionally.This may be due to for bilateral auditory stimulus response can bring out movable the causing of neuronal cell group of bilateral.Can see the interactive relation between zones of different in ASSR task by the function connection layout result in Figure 18.Here can see in central authorities and all have the comparatively joint area of long-range with forehead and temporal lobe.Can find that by the result that compares the two PSDA can only reflect the activation situation in single region, function connection layout can demonstrate the information interactive process of full brain.The result meaning difference that both reflect, the result that function connects more can reflect the activation mechanism of carrying out full brain in ASSR task process, further studies thereby can locate the brain domain corresponding with auditory physiology district by which.
(2) central authorities under ASSR connect cortex
Can find an active regions that is positioned at middle section by the flow enhancement topography of Figure 18.Connect in research in SSVEP function before, Yan Zheng etc. point out that the connection cortex of SSVEP is positioned at top region, and by analyzing, they think that top played the part of important role in SSVEP.Be embodied in top and similarly be a full brain information interaction to collect node the same, the selection to visual information and preparation have produced a corresponding information output.So, the result of ASSR indicating in the time that brain receives auditory stimulus, and brain central authorities' cortex region has produced a strong connection response.And these connections have certain locality, less carries out information interactive process with other Nao district of full brain.Therefore,, for the physiological phenomenon of ASSR response, have more than by primary auditory cortex and produce, and may be the pattern more complicated based on.
(3) the brain network structure feature analysis of ASSR
As shown in figure 19, when threshold value hour, the coefficient of birdsing of the same feather flock together is tending towards 1, further, if threshold value is 0, the coefficient of birdsing of the same feather flock together is 1.This is because in the time that threshold value is lower, in the figure being generated, almost between every two nodes, all has connection by connection matrix.Along with the growth of threshold value, thereby connection meeting reduces the reduction of the coefficient that caused birdsing of the same feather flock together gradually.Relative, shortest path becomes along with the growth of threshold value greatly, and this is because of the minimizing along with linking number, and the shortest path of whole figure can increase accordingly.In the time of T>0.02, shortest path starts again to reduce, this is that some original interconnective nodes no longer have annexation because of the further increasing along with threshold value, has caused reducing of shortest path thereby corresponding figure can be split into several subgraphs.
In Figure 19 (a), do not find obvious difference between normal tested and auditory hallucination patient.And the result of Figure 19 (b) demonstration auditory hallucination patient's shortest path will be obviously longer than normally tested.Existing research shows that shorter path can improve efficiency mutual between brain district.And connection between Different brain region has close relationship with basic cognitive process.Further show that by the result of Figure 19 (b) auditory hallucination disease can be considered to a kind of brain and connect abnormal mental sickness.
Find through present inventor's research and experiment, why traditional sound stimulation device lost efficacy in auditory hallucination patient's ASSR electrical brain stimulation, and main cause is that the time precision of the stimulus signal of each cycle can not meet the requirement of this kind of application.Time precision causes stimulation signal frequencies drift compared with missionary society, is exactly in other words in the time of sonic stimulation, the too many clutter that stimulus signal itself is mingled with, to such an extent as to stimulate the EEG signals amplitude producing too little, there is no discrimination.Trace it to its cause, traditional sound stimulation device adopts PC control, sound card or independent sound card are according to control instruction synthetic stimulus waveform in real time, the method has realized flexible adjustable stimulus waveform, but because independent sound card CPU need to process multithreading task, between each thread instruction, exist resource occupation dynamically to adjust, between every synthetic waveform instruction execution, interval can not be accomplished identical, time precision to output waveform exerts an influence, thereby has affected the frequency characteristic that stimulates sound.
Present inventor, also by researching and analysing, find why sound stimulation device brought out in the past EEG signals cannot be used for detection or the diagnosis of this mental sickness of auditory hallucination, reason is that the acoustical signal time precision of stimulator output is inadequate, make the occurrence frequency drift of stimulus signal own, make to have introduced clutter in stimulus signal itself, affect the quality that stimulates sound, can not ensure pure input, make to induce high-intensity EEG signals, also make EEG signals go no further with diagnosis for the detection of mental sickness always.The sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of the present invention and for the device of auditory hallucination, by adopting DSP, configuration file and audio files being pre-stored in to the independently synthetic sound that stimulates of sound stimulation device in memorizer, be not subject to the impact of host computer completely, guarantee accurate time domain, the frequency domain response of sound, make time precision error that sound stimulation device can the produce each cycle sonic stimulation signal in 1 μ s, the each cycle time precision of the sonic stimulation signal that prior art is produced has improved 1000 times.Due to the raising of stimulus signal, the quality of evoked brain potential is increased greatly, can carry out EEG signals and mental sickness by evoked brain potential completely, especially the associated research of auditory hallucination, make people finally can enter EEG signals and the associated concrete research of mental sickness from guess EEG signals and mental sickness associated, for EEG signals be applied to the detection of mental sickness and research provide stablize, sound assurance.
Claims (10)
1. the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination, it comprises DSP processing unit, memory element, input block, display unit, audio driven unit, earphone;
Described memory element is for store configuration files and audio files;
Described earphone is for sending stimulation sound to patient;
Described memory element, input block, display unit, audio driven unit are connected to respectively DSP processing unit; Earphone is connected to described audio driven unit.
2. the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described memorizer is SD card, and described audio drive circuitry is audio codec.
3. the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DSP processing unit is according to the instruction of input block input, from memory element, read configuration file and audio files, form corresponding periodicity stimulus sequence according to configuration file and audio files, export described periodicity stimulus sequence to earphone by audio drive circuitry.
4. the sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: described DSP processing unit to outside, synchronous triggering signal occurs at the initial time in each cycle of described periodicity stimulus sequence by its general peripheral hardware IO.
5. the device detecting for auditory hallucination, it comprises sound stimulation device, the eeg signal acquisition device controlling computer, detect for auditory hallucination;
The wherein said sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination is the arbitrary described sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination of claim 1-4;
Described eeg signal acquisition device comprises the electrode for being fixed to patient's head;
In the time of test, the periodicity stimulus sequence that the earphone of the described sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination receives according to it sends and stimulates sound to patient's ear; The electrode collection of described eeg signal acquisition device is subject to the patient's of sonic stimulation original EEG signals; Described original EEG signals is sent to described control computer after described eeg signal acquisition device is processed.
6. the device detecting for auditory hallucination as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described computer is connected with described sound stimulation device and the described eeg signal acquisition device detecting for auditory hallucination by USB, is the described sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination and the power supply of described eeg signal acquisition device by USB.
7. the device detecting for auditory hallucination as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that:
Described control computer transmits control signal to the described sound stimulation device detecting for auditory hallucination by USB;
Described control computer is received the described EEG signals collecting by described brain wave acquisition device by USB.
8. the device detecting for auditory hallucination as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described earphone is In-Ear Headphones.
9. the device detecting for auditory hallucination as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that:
The electrode of described eeg signal acquisition device is Ag-AgCl electrode.
10. the device detecting for auditory hallucination as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described eeg signal acquisition device comprises simulation filtering and amplifying circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit, microcontroller, interface communication circuit;
The signal of described electrode collection is delivered to analog to digital conversion circuit after the amplification of simulation filtering and amplifying circuit and filtering, the signal after digitized is delivered to microcontroller by analog to digital conversion circuit, the signal after described digitized is delivered to interface communication circuit by microcontroller, by corresponding host-host protocol, EEG signals is transferred to described control computer.
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