CN103986238A - Intelligent substation fault diagnosis method based on probability weighting bipartite graph method - Google Patents
Intelligent substation fault diagnosis method based on probability weighting bipartite graph method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103986238A CN103986238A CN201410230444.4A CN201410230444A CN103986238A CN 103986238 A CN103986238 A CN 103986238A CN 201410230444 A CN201410230444 A CN 201410230444A CN 103986238 A CN103986238 A CN 103986238A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/16—Electric power substations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/20—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution using protection elements, arrangements or systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent substation fault diagnosis method based on a probability weighting bipartite graph method. The method comprises the steps that intelligent substation symptom information is obtained, and interrogation information is obtained according to practical needs of fault analysis; all the information obtained in the first step is subjected to priority classifying, the symptom information and the interrogation information are subjected to probability assignment, and a probability weighting bipartite cause-and-effect graph of a practical system is obtained; and according to the probability weighting bipartite graph obtained in the second step, a fault locating algorithm based on the Bayes formula is used for computing the probability of each fault which may happen, final fault locating is carried out, a fault element is determined, and diagnosis results are output. According to the method, the fault of a primary system of an intelligent substation can be diagnosed, meanwhile the fault of a secondary system can be diagnosed, a diagnosis process is deliberate and reliable, the diagnosis results are accurate, and the great novel fault diagnosis method is provided for intelligent substation secondary system fault diagnosis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph.
Background technology
In traditional transformer station due to electrical secondary system adopt hardwire, there is the real loop of respective logic, there is relation one to one in the functional configuration of physics wiring and transformer station, therefore just can Analysis deterrmination transformer station secondary system fault by the wiring that detects electrical secondary system.But along with the development of technology, intelligent substation becomes the trend of future substation development with its distinctive advantage.Intelligent substation electrical secondary system becomes communication network by hardwire; be that real loop becomes empty loop; it is all to realize by communication network that sample information, control information, locking information, state information and relaying protection tripping operation in standing closed a floodgate, and network topology structure is corresponding no longer one by one with the input and output of function information and signal.Change based on these, the failure diagnosis of intelligent substation electrical secondary system and traditional transformer station are very different.
Because traditional Fault Diagnosis for Substation algorithm model is to be generally based upon on the topological structure basis of switching information, protection action message and primary system; therefore these algorithms only relate to the failure diagnosis of transforming plant primary system, seldom have and relate to for the failure diagnosis of electrical secondary system.Such diagnosis is very incomplete, is unfavorable for quick excision and the service restoration of fault.Simultaneously for intelligent substation, because its electrical secondary system has realized networking, the fault diagnosis model of tradition transformer station cannot be applicable to the failure diagnosis of its electrical secondary system more, and can find by consulting corresponding data, rely on intelligent substation primary system and electrical secondary system sign information to carry out the research of primary system and electrical secondary system failure diagnosis, still deficienter so far.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency existing for solving prior art, the invention discloses the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph, utilize intelligent substation sign information and call measurement information together, set up the probability weight bipartite graph of system, this method clear logic is understandable, no matter how complicated system is, all available bipartite graph represents its internal relation, the method process is simple, very practical simultaneously.Carry out intelligent substation failure diagnosis based on the method, accurately the fault of intelligent diagnosis transforming plant primary system and electrical secondary system.
For achieving the above object, concrete scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: obtain intelligent substation sign information and obtain and call measurement information together according to the actual needs of accident analysis;
Step 2: all information that step 1 is obtained are carried out priority classification, to each sign information with call measurement information together and carry out probability assignment, obtain two points of cause-and-effect diagrams of probability weight of real system;
Step 3: the probability weight bipartite graph obtaining according to step 2, adopt the fault location algorithm based on Bayesian formula to calculate the probability that every kind of possible breakdown occurs, carry out fault and finally locate, determine fault element, output diagnostic result;
Step 4: according to the fault diagnosis result of output, further analyze the reason that causes this fault, diagnose fast if there is same fault next time.
In described step 1, intelligent substation sign information comprises all relaying protection action messages, switching information, electrical secondary system sign information, wherein electrical secondary system sign packets of information includes network communication break-make information, exchange fault information and flow information;
But the described measurement information of calling together is in sign information, not upload to analyze relaying protection action message, the circuit breaker information needing, static configuration information, dynamic monitoring information and the network delay etc. of secondary communication network;
The static configuration information of described secondary communication network comprises the intelligent substation electrical secondary system network configuration information and the intelligent electronic device configuration information that obtain by full station CONFIG.SYS SCD;
Described dynamic monitoring information comprises the dynamic monitoring information of calling measurement information and communication network by the electrical secondary system of data acquisition and monitoring system SCADA acquisition together;
Described electrical secondary system is called measurement information together and is comprised power failure, message extremely and network delay.
In described step 1, also comprise according to sign information intelligent substation primary system is carried out to failure diagnosis, the information belonging in primary system when sign information is judged as primary system fault, and diagnose out corresponding fault element according to the type of information, if not primary system, the further electrical secondary system of intelligent diagnosis transformer station, further determines whether electrical secondary system equipment fault according to the sign information that obtains electrical secondary system.
The all information that in described step 2, step 1 obtained are carried out priority classification, to determine its priority orders;
In the sign information obtaining and call together in measurement information, first judge whether it is primary system fault according to relaying protection action message and switching information, if be judged as primary system fault, only with the first precedence information; If judge that according to circuit breaker information and protection action message primary system is normal, determine that secondary device fault by secondary device information and LAN Information judgement.
Determine primary system fault according to priority, secondly determine electrical secondary system equipment fault, finally the principle of definite electrical secondary system network failure is determined the rule of priority, and described priority is established rules really:
The first priority: relaying protection action message and switching information;
The second priority: secondary device information;
The 3rd priority: LAN Information, specifically comprises: network break-make, exchange fault and flow and the error rate.
In described step 2, obtain two points of cause-and-effect diagrams of probability weight of real system, be specially: the fault collection of determining system, obtain sign information and call measurement information collection together, set up corresponding probability weight bipartite graph according to fault collection and the sign information of system and the topological relation of calling together between measurement information collection.
The concrete application of explanation probability weight Bipartition graph as an example of a simple electric power system example: the fault of supposing a system integrates as F:(L
s, B
s), wherein L
sfor line fault, the probability of its generation is 0.1629, B
sfor substation bus fault, the probability of its generation is 0.0058; Obtain sign information and call measurement information collection S together
0: (J
w, R
w, C
w, L
w, B
w), wherein J
wfor circuit breaker trip signal, R
wthe switching signal of attaching most importance to, C
wfor current differential protection signal, L
wfor the poor pilot protection signal of mother, B
wfor bus failure protection signal.According to the relation between possible fault and sign information, probability weight bipartite graph that can this system as shown in Figure 4.
Fault location algorithm formula based on Bayesian formula in described step 3 is specially:
In formula, S
nfor sign information with call measurement information collection together; s
ifor S
nin i information; S
jfor the sign information relevant to fault with call together measurement information concentrate j information; Symtom (f) is all indications information being associated with fault f and calls measurement information collection together;
Described step 3 detailed process is probability bipartite graph based on obtained, calculate the probability that every kind of possible breakdown occurs, corresponding to each fault, can both and call the probability of trying to achieve its generation under the condition of measurement information together in acquired sign information, deposit gained probability of malfunction in suspicious component library H, the descending arrangement of probable value in H, each fault being occurred, probable value maximum be the fault of most possible generation, and then definite fault element.
Described step 4 is specially: according to the result of final failure diagnosis of output, analyze cause the reason of this fault and in this failure diagnosis sign information used and call measurement information together, fast carry out failure diagnosis if there is similar fault later; Apply other fault diagnosis model simultaneously and recalculate, the relatively similarities and differences of the result of this model and other model and pluses and minuses separately, for intelligent substation failure diagnosis is found more outstanding model algorithm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the present invention utilizes the sign information obtaining and calls measurement information together, and utilize the topological structure relation of system to set up probability weight bipartite graph, and then utilize the fault location algorithm based on Bayesian formula to carry out fault location, not only can Accurate Diagnosis primary system fault, also can Accurate Diagnosis electrical secondary system fault, determine faulty equipment, find out abort situation.
(2) the present invention to sign information and call measurement information together and carried out the division of priority, can improve greatly diagnosis efficiency like this in the process of failure diagnosis, has improved the practicality of the method.
(3) what the present invention adopted is the probability weight bipartite graph based on system topology, carry out failure diagnosis based on this bipartite graph, logical relation between sign information and fault is very clear and definite, no matter how complicated system, can very clearly find out the internal relation between fault and sign information, obtain probability weight bipartite graph, and then carry out corresponding failure diagnosis.
(4) fault that the present invention not only can intelligent diagnosis transforming plant primary system, also can diagnose the fault of electrical secondary system simultaneously, diagnostic procedure is very careful reliable, and diagnostic result is accurate, and this provides a good New Fault Diagnosis Method for intelligent substation electrical secondary system failure diagnosis.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1: intelligent substation primary system bus operating structure figure;
Fig. 2: intelligent substation electrical secondary system fault diagnosis model figure;
Fig. 3: intelligent substation electrical secondary system Troubleshooting Flowchart;
Fig. 4: the bipartite graph of a simple electric power system;
Fig. 5: the probability weight bipartite graph of primary system;
Fig. 6: the probability weight bipartite graph of electrical secondary system.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail:
Step 1: obtain intelligent substation sign information, comprise protection information, switching information, electrical secondary system corresponding information.
These sign information such as relaying protection action message and switching information based on obtained are once carried out failure diagnosis to intelligent substation; whether can diagnose out is accurately primary system fault; if primary system fault is diagnosed out corresponding fault element; if not primary system; the further electrical secondary system of intelligent diagnosis transformer station; obtain the sign information of electrical secondary system as network break-make information, exchanger information, flow information etc., further determine whether electrical secondary system equipment fault.As shown in Figure 2, Troubleshooting Flowchart as shown in Figure 3 for its fault diagnosis model figure.At this; taking intelligent substation primary system bus operating structure figure Fig. 1 as example; if port of the switch of intelligent substation electrical secondary system breaks down, now will obtain a large amount of sign information, this is comprising protection information; the relevant information of circuit breaker information and electrical secondary system equipment; for this fault, this belongs to electrical secondary system fault simultaneously, and protection and circuit breaker should not occur; if it is misoperation that action occurs, in fault location below, can embody to some extent.These information above that obtain are also not enough to complete reaction fault signature, now enter next step.
Step 2: according to the actual needs of accident analysis, obtain and call measurement information together, and obtained all information are carried out to priority classification.
If primary system fault, calls together and surveys needed switching information and protection information, if electrical secondary system fault is called static configuration information and dynamic monitoring information and the required information of some other failure diagnosis of surveying secondary communication network together.The static configuration information of secondary communication network comprises intelligent substation electrical secondary system network configuration information and intelligent electronic device configuration information etc., these information exchanges are crossed SCD (Substation Configuration Description, the CONFIG.SYS of entirely standing) and are obtained.And dynamic monitoring information comprises the dynamic monitoring information of SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition data acquisition and monitoring system) system sign information and communication network etc.These sign information spinners will comprise that communication disruption, exchange fault, power failure, message are abnormal, network delay etc.
By obtaining the measurement information of calling together of the sign information of step 1 and step 2, now for failure diagnosis, obtain than more comprehensive information, failure diagnosis is below according to these sign information and calls measurement information together.But before failure diagnosis, also need the information that these are obtained to carry out the division of priority, to determine its priority orders.
Priority is established rules really:
The first priority: circuit breaker information and protection action message;
The second priority: secondary device information;
The 3rd priority: LAN Information (network break-make, exchange fault, flow and the error rate etc.);
For this example, owing to being that the some ports of switch break down, so can first determine whether as primary system fault according to calling measurement information and sign information together, diagnostic result shows that this is not primary system fault, electrical secondary system is diagnosed, proceeded corresponding failure diagnosis by Troubleshooting Flowchart.It should be noted is that; Owing to having in this example protection and circuit breaker misoperation; so can not determine and not be primary system fault according to protection and circuit breaker information; must first carry out failure diagnosis to primary system, determine whether primary system fault, and then again electrical secondary system be carried out to failure diagnosis.
Step 3: set up the probability weight bipartite graph of real system, to each fault in bipartite graph and corresponding sign information and call measurement information together and carry out probability assignment with it, obtain two points of cause-and-effect diagrams of probability weight of real system.
By actual intelligent substation primary system operation topological diagram, set up the probability weight bipartite graph of primary system.The sign information that we obtain at this and call together measurement information be circuit breaker CB5 disconnect; circuit breaker CB1; circuit breaker CB2; circuit breaker CB3; circuit breaker CB4 is normal, and bus protection is not moved, the action of circuit L1 current protection; electrical secondary system sign and call together measurement information be network disconnect, switch ports themselves fault GOOSE message and SV message disappearance etc.Based on this, can infer possible fault collection F:(bus B1 fault, bus B2 fault; circuit L1 fault, switch ports themselves fault, merge cells fault; fault is controlled in protection; intelligent terminal fault), according to the priority of sign information, first primary system is carried out to failure diagnosis; draw its probability weight bipartite graph; if diagnostic result is not primary system fault, continue electrical secondary system to diagnose, draw its probability weight bipartite graph.First the internal relation based on fault and sign information, can obtain the probability weight bipartite graph of primary system, as shown in Figure 5.Then according to electrical secondary system sign information and call measurement information together and obtain electrical secondary system probability weight bipartite graph, as shown in Figure 6.
Step 4: the fault location algorithm of employing based on Bayesian formula carries out fault finally locates, and determines fault element, output diagnostic result.
Obtain after probability weight bipartite graph above, utilize the fault location algorithm based on Bayesian formula, calculate respectively in obtained sign information and call circuit L1 under the condition of measurement information together, bus B1, the probability that B2 breaks down, deposit in suspicious component library H, and arrange from high to low, and then utilize the fault location algorithm based on Bayesian formula to calculate the suspicious element fault probability of electrical secondary system, deposit in suspicious component library, size according to probability of happening is arranged from high to low, the equipment breaking down for most probable that probable value is the highest, and then definite faulty equipment, output fault diagnosis result.For this example, the maximum probability that switch ports themselves fault breaks down, breaks down so diagnostic result is switch ports themselves, and result is accurate.
Step 5: according to the fault diagnosis result of output, further analyze and cause the reason of this fault, same fault can diagnose fast if occur next time.
According to the result of final failure diagnosis of output, analyze cause the reason of this fault and in this failure diagnosis sign information used and call measurement information together, can fast carry out failure diagnosis if there is similar fault later.For this example, the useful sign information that this time fault obtains and to call measurement information together be circuit breaker, protection action message and electrical secondary system information, if obtain similar carrying out later, failure judgement element fast and accurately.
Although by reference to the accompanying drawings specific embodiment of the invention scheme is described in detail above; but this is not limitation of the scope of the invention; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention; those skilled in the art can utilize technical solution of the present invention to revise accordingly very easily, and the various amendments of making for this programme or distortion are still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: obtain intelligent substation sign information and obtain and call measurement information together according to the actual needs of accident analysis;
Step 2: all information that step 1 is obtained are carried out priority classification, to each sign information with call measurement information together and carry out probability assignment, obtain two points of cause-and-effect diagrams of probability weight of real system;
Step 3: the probability weight bipartite graph obtaining according to step 2, adopt the fault location algorithm based on Bayesian formula to calculate the probability that every kind of possible breakdown occurs, carry out fault and finally locate, determine fault element, output diagnostic result;
Step 4: according to the fault diagnosis result of output, further analyze the reason that causes this fault, diagnose fast if there is same fault next time.
2. the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 1, intelligent substation sign information comprises all relaying protection action messages, switching information, electrical secondary system sign information, wherein electrical secondary system sign packets of information includes network communication break-make information, exchange fault information and flow information;
But the described measurement information of calling together is in sign information, not upload to analyze relaying protection action message, the circuit breaker information needing, static configuration information, dynamic monitoring information and the network delay of secondary communication network.
3. the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the static configuration information of described secondary communication network comprises the intelligent substation electrical secondary system network configuration information and the intelligent electronic device configuration information that obtain by full station CONFIG.SYS SCD;
Described dynamic monitoring information comprises the dynamic monitoring information of calling measurement information and communication network by the electrical secondary system of data acquisition and monitoring system SCADA acquisition together;
Described electrical secondary system is called measurement information together and is comprised power failure, message extremely and network delay.
4. the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 1, also comprise according to sign information intelligent substation primary system is carried out to failure diagnosis, the information belonging in primary system when sign information is judged as primary system fault, and diagnose out corresponding fault element according to the type of information, if not primary system, the further electrical secondary system of intelligent diagnosis transformer station, further determines whether electrical secondary system equipment fault according to the sign information that obtains electrical secondary system.
5. the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, all information that in described step 2, step 1 obtained are carried out priority classification, to determine its priority orders;
In the sign information obtaining and call together in measurement information, first judge whether it is primary system fault according to relaying protection action message and switching information, if be judged as primary system fault, only with the first precedence information; If judge that according to circuit breaker information and protection action message primary system is normal, determine that secondary device fault by secondary device information and LAN Information judgement.
6. the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described priority is established rules really:
The first priority: relaying protection action message and switching information;
The second priority: secondary device information;
The 3rd priority: LAN Information, specifically comprises: network break-make, exchange fault, flow and the error rate.
7. the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 2, obtain two points of cause-and-effect diagrams of probability weight of real system, be specially: the fault collection of determining system, obtain sign information and call measurement information collection together, set up corresponding probability weight bipartite graph according to fault collection and the sign information of system and the topological relation of calling together between measurement information collection.
8. the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the fault location algorithm formula based on Bayesian formula in described step 3 is specially:
In formula, S
nfor sign information with call measurement information collection together; s
ifor S
nin i information; S
jfor the sign information relevant to fault with call together measurement information concentrate j information; Symtom (f) is all indications information being associated with fault f and calls measurement information collection together.
9. the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 3 detailed process is probability bipartite graph based on obtained, calculate the probability that every kind of possible breakdown occurs, corresponding to each fault, can both and call the probability of trying to achieve its generation under the condition of measurement information together in acquired sign information, deposit gained probability of malfunction in suspicious component library H, the descending arrangement of probable value in H, each fault being occurred, probable value maximum be the most possible fault occurring, and then definite fault element.
10. the intelligent substation method for diagnosing faults based on probability weight Bipartition graph as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 4 is specially: according to the result of the final failure diagnosis of output, analysis cause the reason of this fault and in this failure diagnosis sign information used and call measurement information together, fast carry out failure diagnosis if there is similar fault later; Apply other fault diagnosis model simultaneously and recalculate, the relatively similarities and differences of the result of this model and other model and pluses and minuses separately, for intelligent substation failure diagnosis is found more outstanding model algorithm.
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CN105245001A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-13 | 贵州电力试验研究院 | Event-driven intelligent alarm processing method and device for transformer station accidents |
CN105678337A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-06-15 | 国网技术学院 | Information fusion method in intelligent transformer station fault diagnosis |
CN106940818A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-11 | 深圳市沃特沃德股份有限公司 | The method for maintaining and device of terminal device |
CN111884715A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-11-03 | 国网山东省电力公司建设公司 | Fault positioning method and device for optical circuit of secondary system of transformer substation |
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CN105245001A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-13 | 贵州电力试验研究院 | Event-driven intelligent alarm processing method and device for transformer station accidents |
CN105245001B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2018-04-13 | 贵州电力试验研究院 | A kind of event driven substation accident intelligent alarm treating method and apparatus |
CN105678337A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-06-15 | 国网技术学院 | Information fusion method in intelligent transformer station fault diagnosis |
CN105678337B (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2020-02-04 | 国网技术学院 | Information fusion method in intelligent substation fault diagnosis |
CN106940818A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-11 | 深圳市沃特沃德股份有限公司 | The method for maintaining and device of terminal device |
CN111884715A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-11-03 | 国网山东省电力公司建设公司 | Fault positioning method and device for optical circuit of secondary system of transformer substation |
US11899075B2 (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2024-02-13 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Device for determining an error probability value for a transformer component and a system having such a device |
CN112415331A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-26 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司 | Power grid secondary system fault diagnosis method based on multi-source fault information |
CN112415331B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2024-04-09 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司 | Power grid secondary system fault diagnosis method based on multi-source fault information |
CN113283603A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-20 | 华能(浙江)能源开发有限公司清洁能源分公司 | Refined closed-loop fan fault diagnosis method and system |
WO2023091357A1 (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-05-25 | IronNet Cybersecurity, Inc. | Detection of abnormal events |
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