CN103983577B - Punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber active inner cavity gas detection method and device - Google Patents
Punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber active inner cavity gas detection method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to gas detection with optical fiber, for increasing substantially the capacity of optical fiber gas sensing detection system, improve the photon crystal optical fiber sensing method and system that accuracy of detection, cost are low, real-time good, loss is low, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong of system. The technical scheme that the present invention takes is, punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber active inner cavity gas-detecting device, and the laser that pump light source is sent arrives F-P wave filter one end through wavelength division multiplexer WDM, Er-doped fiber EDF, isolator successively; The N of 1 × N photoswitch holds each road to be connected to the F-P wave filter other end through photonic crystal fiber air chamber, dense wave division multiplexer DWDM, the fiber coupler of serial connection respectively; 1 end of photoswitch is connected to wavelength division multiplexer WDM through a fiber coupler and forms loop; Include in addition control device. The present invention is mainly used in fiber-optic fiber gas and detects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas detection with optical fiber, particularly punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber active inner cavity gas inspectionSurvey method and apparatus.
Technical background
Anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, reliability is high owing to having for optical fiber gas sensing, be convenient to the advantages such as networking remote detection,And be widely used in the industries such as environmental improvement, Chemical Manufacture, electric power electric to detection poisonous, pernicious gas.
Photonic crystal fiber is a kind of novel optical fiber, because its distinctive leaded light and control light characteristic become present materialThe study hotspot of numerous cross disciplines such as, photoelectronics, physics, biology, chemistry, microelectronics. Than traditional lightFibre, photonic crystal fiber has larger advantage, progressively passes at optic communication, optical fiber laser, high-resolution wave filter, high powerThe aspects such as defeated device, high sensitivity sensing are widely used. Utilize the photonic crystal fiber of photon band gap principle leaded light canRealizing the propagation of laser in air-core district, can be by 95% by the design optimization at photonic crystal fiber internal mechanismLight is limited in air-core district, for the interaction of light and material provides good environment. Accompanying drawing 1a), b) be NKT company of DenmarkThe cross-sectional view of two kinds of Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers that commercialization is produced, its center airport diameter is 10 microns, and this is hollowPhotonic crystal fiber is in ensureing that light is with low-loss transmission, and empty core region can be used as the absorption cell of optical signal, realExisting effect, stable full optical fiber air chamber. Patent CN102279154A has proposed the gas that this photonic crystal fiber of a kind of application is madeChamber, can be used for gaseous spectrum and measures, trace measurement, and the research of gas molecule nonlinear optical phenomena. Along with micro-nano processingThe development of technology, the existing relevant report that the punching of photonic crystal fiber side is realized to air chamber. Punching photon crystal optical fiber sensingThe gas air chamber that air chamber is more traditional, as accompanying drawing 1c) as shown in, integrated degree there is high, the advantage such as insertion loss is low.
Compared to the diversification of photon crystal fiber-optic fiber gas sensor, photon crystal optical fibre gas sensing network facet is just freshThere is the proposition of patent.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, increase substantially the capacity of optical fiber gas sensing detection system, raising systemAccuracy of detection, the present invention proposes one and can hold that number of users is large, cost is low, real-time is good, loss is low, anti-electromagnetic interferenceAbility is strong, can realize the photon crystal optical fiber sensing method and system that multi-user and designated user are detected simultaneously. ThisInventing the technical scheme of taking is, punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber active inner cavity gas-detecting device, and pump light source is sentLaser arrives F-P wave filter one end through wavelength division multiplexer WDM, Er-doped fiber EDF, isolator successively; The N end of 1 × N photoswitch is everyOne tunnel is connected to F-P wave filter through photonic crystal fiber air chamber, dense wave division multiplexer DWDM, the fiber coupler of serial connection respectivelyThe other end; 1 end of photoswitch is connected to wavelength division multiplexer WDM through a fiber coupler and forms loop; Include in addition controlDevice processed, control device for control the switching of photoswitch, by voltage controller control F-P filter voltage, receive fromThe detection data of photo-detector, photo-detector is connected to the fiber coupler between 1 end and the wavelength division multiplexer WDM of photoswitchOn.
Described control device is PC computer.
Also include AWG, realize the control to F-P wave filter for generation of stepped-slope voltage.
Punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber active inner cavity gas detection method, by means of aforementioned punching photonic crystal fiber gasChamber active inner cavity gas-detecting device is realized, and comprises the following steps:
By control device control photoswitch, 1 end and the N end first via are connected to the punching photon crystalline substance that the N end first via connectsBody optical fiber air chamber, dense wave division multiplexer DWDM, fiber coupler and pump light source, wavelength division multiplexer WDM, Er-doped fiber EDF,Fiber coupler between isolator, F-P wave filter and wavelength division multiplexer WDM photoswitch 1 end forms first active inner cavity,Utilize the spectrum to active inner cavity laser and luminous power with photo-detector to monitor; Punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber is filled with lowThe gas to be measured of concentration; Along with F-P filter voltage increases, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser increases gradually; When wavelength floatsWhile moving to the absorbing wavelength of gas to be measured in punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber, active inner cavity is because the absorption of gas makes lossIncrease, cause the reduction of power; Continue to strengthen voltage, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser shifts out between the uptake zone of gas, lightIt is stable that power recovers again; If it is large that the concentration of gas indoor gas becomes, make luminous power greatly reduce, when lower than gas explosion limitInstitute when corresponding performance number, is given the alarm by control device;
Similarly, hold the second tunnel to connect at 1 end and N by control device control photoswitch, the punching that N holds the second tunnel to connectPhotonic crystal fiber air chamber, dense wave division multiplexer DWDM, fiber coupler and pump light source, wavelength division multiplexer WDM, er-doped lightFiber coupler between fine EDF, isolator, F-P wave filter and wavelength division multiplexer WDM photoswitch 1 end forms second to be hadSource inner chamber, utilizes the spectrum to active inner cavity laser and luminous power with photo-detector to monitor; Punching photonic crystal fiber gasChamber is filled with the gas to be measured of low concentration; Along with F-P filter voltage increases, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser increases gradually;When wave length shift is during to the absorbing wavelength of gas to be measured in the photonic crystal fiber air chamber that punches, active inner cavity is due to the absorption of gasAnd loss is increased, cause the reduction of power; Continue to strengthen voltage, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser shifts out the absorption of gasInterval, it is stable that luminous power is recovered again; If it is large that the concentration of gas indoor gas becomes, make luminous power greatly reduce, when lower than gasWhen explosion limit institute corresponding performance number, given the alarm by control device;
Photoswitch N holds all the other each roads, carries out loop test, until N holds last road.
The active inner cavity output that the fiber coupler of each dense wave division multiplexer DWDM connection is formed has identicalPower output.
By changing the operation wavelength of dense wave division multiplexer DWMD, can the detection for gas with various by each air chamber.
Use AWG to produce stepped-slope voltage and realize the control to F-P wave filter.
Compared with the prior art, technical characterstic of the present invention and effect:
The present invention adopts the combination of photoswitch and dense wave division multiplexer function can not only realize the scanning to systemMonitoring, the information that can also check designated user. The utilization of dense wave division multiplexer is compared to fiber grating (FBG) active inner cavity toolThere is higher stability, can greatly eliminate the impact of environment on monitoring accuracy, simultaneously for to realize the precision control of voltage and to carryHigh detection speed provides guarantee. In addition, the utilization of punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber, it is one that air chamber and transmission medium are meltedBody, has increased action time of gas and optical signal greatly, for the monitoring accuracy and the photonic crystal fiber device that improve networkExtensive use significant. The output waveform of adjusting voltage can be used for monitoring specific user, and dense wavelength division is multipleCan shorten the adjustment time of system with the narrow bandwidth of device. Market prospects of the present invention are good, and implementation is simple, can widely shouldThere are many absworption peaks, inflammable easy for such as methane (CH4), acetylene (C2H2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO) etc.The detection of quick-fried, toxic gas, has good technical transform basis. Because patent of the present invention is our independent intellectual property right, andAnd can promote the popularization of photonic crystal fiber device, realize social benefit widely.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1a), b) be He-1550-02 hollow-core photonic crystal fiber end view drawing, be c) side punching figure.
Accompanying drawing 2 is based on punching photon crystal optical fibre gas sensing detection system.
Accompanying drawing 3 is punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber.
Accompanying drawing 4 is for detecting schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 5 is function realization flow figure.
Accompanying drawing 6 is for controlling voltage optimization figure
In figure:
1-pump light source, 2-WDM3-EDF
4-isolator, 5-voltage controller, 6-F-P wave filter
71-fiber coupler I, 72-fiber coupler II, 73-fiber coupler III
74-fiber coupler N81-DWDM I, 82-DWDM II
83-DWDM III, 84-DWDMN91-photonic crystal fiber air chamber I
92-photonic crystal fiber air chamber II, 93-photonic crystal fiber air chamber III, 94-photonic crystal fiber air chamber N
100-OpticalKey101-fiber coupler, 102-photo-detector
Airport hole that 105-optical fiber side is inflated, 103-computerized control system, 104-center.
Detailed description of the invention
What the present invention proposed can not only realize the scanning to system based on photoswitch and dense wave division multiplexer sensing networkMonitoring and the information of checking designated user, and have that loss is low, detection sensitivity is high, simple in structure, real-time good, easyRealization, alone family low cost and other advantages. Meanwhile, this optical fiber gas sensing system has high portability, can hold large capacityUser, optical fiber sensing system is more widely used.
This photon crystal optical fibre gas sensing net system mainly utilizes that light opens the light, dense wave division multiplexer narrow-band filteringFunction, realizes the monitoring to multi-user and designated user, and combination is simultaneously punched photonic crystal fiber as air chamber, can reduce to beThe complexity of system. System is held more access user, is greatly reduced the cost at alone family.
The present invention utilizes following technical proposals to realize: by described computer (PC) control system control photoswitch, and willPunching photonic crystal fiber air chamber and fiber coupler are connected. Now, pump light source, wavelength division multiplexer, Er-doped fiber EDF, everyBe connected from different fiber coupler, DWDM, the combination of punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber from device, F-P wave filter, form differentActive inner cavity, spectrum and luminous power with photo-detector to active inner cavity laser are monitored. Each photonic crystal fiber that punchesAir chamber is filled with the gas to be measured of low concentration. Along with F-P filter voltage increases, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser increases graduallyGreatly. When wave length shift is during to the absorbing wavelength of gas to be measured in the photonic crystal fiber air chamber that punches, active inner cavity is due to gasAbsorb and loss is increased, causing the reduction of power. If the concentration value of gas indoor gas raises, make luminous power greatly fallLow, when lower than the corresponding performance number of gas explosion limit institute, given the alarm by computer (PC) control system. If luminous power is in reportMore than alert threshold value, continue to strengthen voltage, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser shifts out between the uptake zone of gas, and luminous power is extensive againMultiple stable, now photo-detector is made feedback to computer (PC) control system, makes photoswitch be switched to next passage, repeats above-mentionedStep operation. When light opens the light while having traveled through all passages, computer (PC) control system initializes, and enters the new scan period. SystemThe number of the absorbing wavelength comprising in the Free Spectral Range of the maximum number of user of system by F-P wave filter is determined.
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention is based on the active inner cavity gas sensing system of punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber mainComprise following two large divisions: active inner cavity gas detecting system, signal controlling and demodulating system. Two large divisions's combination is realThe active inner cavity gas sensing system that existing the present invention proposes. Described active inner cavity gas detecting system mainly comprises pump light source(1), wavelength division multiplexer WDM (2), Er-doped fiber EDF (3), isolator (4), F-P wave filter (6), fiber coupler I (71), lightFine coupler II (72), fiber coupler III (73), fiber coupler N (74), dense wave division multiplexer DWDM I (81), DWDMII (82), DWDM III (83), DWDMN (84), punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber I (91), punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber II(92), punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber III (93), punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber N (94), fiber coupler (101); InstituteState signal controlling and demodulating system and mainly comprise voltage controller (5), photoswitch OpticalSwitch (100), photo-detector(102), computer (PC) control system (103).
As shown in Figure 2, the course of work of active inner cavity gas sensing system of the present invention is: by DWDM I (81), DWDM II(82), DWDM III (83), DWDMN (84) (from big to small also arrange according to central task wavelength order from small to largeCan, depending on the control of follow-up F-P wave filter to wavelength and the relation of voltage).
Control OpticalSwitch (100) the photonic crystal fiber gas that will punch by computer (PC) control system (103)Chamber I and fiber coupler (101) are connected. Now, pump light source (1), wavelength division multiplexer WDM (2), Er-doped fiber EDF (3), everyOpen from device (4), F-P wave filter (6), fiber coupler I (71), DWDM I (81), punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber I (91), lightThe first passage, the fiber coupler (101) that close OpticalSwitch (100) form first active inner cavity, use photo-detector(102) spectrum to active inner cavity laser and luminous power are monitored. Punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber I (91) is filled with low concentrationGas to be measured. Along with F-P wave filter (6) voltage increases, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser increases gradually. Work as wave length shiftDuring to the absorbing wavelength of the gas to be measured in photonic crystal fiber air chamber I (91) of punching, active inner cavity is because the absorption of gas makesLoss increases, and causes the reduction of power. Continue to strengthen voltage, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser shifts out the uptake zone of gasBetween, it is stable that luminous power is recovered again, as the λ 1 in accompanying drawing 4. If it is large that the concentration of gas indoor gas becomes, make luminous power greatly fallLow, when lower than the corresponding performance number of gas explosion limit institute, given the alarm by computer (PC) control system (103).
Similarly, computer (PC) control system (103) is controlled OpticalSwitch (100) photonic crystal fiber that will punchAir chamber II and fiber coupler (101) are connected. Now, pump light source (1), wavelength division multiplexer WDM (2), Er-doped fiber EDF (3),Isolator (4), F-P wave filter (6), fiber coupler II (72), DWDM II (82), punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber II(92), the second channel of photoswitch OpticalSwitch (100), fiber coupler (101) form second active inner cavity, useSpectrum and the luminous power of photo-detector (102) to active inner cavity laser monitored. Punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber II (92)Be filled with the gas to be measured of low concentration. The voltage that continues to increase wave filter (6), the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser increases gradually.When wave length shift is during to the absorbing wavelength of gas to be measured in the photonic crystal fiber air chamber II (92) of punching, active inner cavity is due to gasAbsorption and make loss increase, cause the reduction of power. Continue to strengthen voltage, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser shifts out gasUptake zone between, it is stable as the λ 2 in accompanying drawing 4 that luminous power is recovered again. If the concentration value of gas indoor gas is very high, can make lightPower reduces greatly, when lower than the corresponding performance number of gas explosion limit institute, sends police by computer (PC) control system (103)Report.
Similarly, computer (PC) control system (103) is controlled OpticalSwitch (100) photonic crystal fiber that will punchAir chamber III and fiber coupler (101) are connected. Now, pump light source (1), wavelength division multiplexer WDM (2), Er-doped fiber EDF (3),Isolator (4), F-P wave filter (6), fiber coupler III (73), DWDM III (83), punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber III(93), the third channel of photoswitch OpticalSwitch (100), fiber coupler (101) form the 3rd active inner cavity, useSpectrum and the luminous power of photo-detector (102) to active inner cavity laser monitored. Punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber III (93)Be filled with the gas to be measured of low concentration. The voltage that continues to increase wave filter (6), the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser increases gradually.When wave length shift is during to the absorbing wavelength of gas to be measured in the photonic crystal fiber air chamber III (93) of punching, active inner cavity is due to gasAbsorption and make loss increase, cause the reduction of power. Continue to strengthen voltage, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser shifts out gasUptake zone between, it is stable as the λ 3 in accompanying drawing 4 that luminous power is recovered again. If the concentration value of gas indoor gas is very high, can make lightPower reduces greatly, when lower than the corresponding performance number of gas explosion limit institute, sends police by computer (PC) control system (103)Report.
Similarly, computer (PC) control system (103) is controlled OpticalSwitch (100) photonic crystal fiber that will punchAir chamber N and fiber coupler (101) are connected. Now, pump light source (1), wavelength division multiplexer WDM (2), Er-doped fiber EDF (3),Isolator (4), F-P wave filter (6), fiber coupler N (74), DWDMN (84), punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber N (94),N passage, the fiber coupler (101) of photoswitch OpticalSwitch (100) form N active inner cavity, use optical detectionSpectrum and the luminous power of device (102) to active inner cavity laser monitored. Punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber N (94) is filled with low denseThe gas to be measured of degree. The voltage that continues to increase wave filter (6), the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser increases gradually. When wavelength floatsWhile moving to the absorbing wavelength of gas to be measured in punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber N (94), active inner cavity is due to the absorption of gasLoss is increased, cause the reduction of power. Continue to strengthen voltage, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser shifts out the uptake zone of gasBetween, it is stable as the λ 6 in accompanying drawing 4 that luminous power is recovered again. If the concentration value of gas indoor gas is very high, can make luminous power greatlyReduce, when lower than the corresponding performance number of gas explosion limit institute, given the alarm by computer (PC) control system (103), realization sideFormula as shown in Figure 5.
For making the performance of the fiber rotation connector that the present invention proposes reach optimum, in implementation process, need to ensure:
The active inner cavity that ensures fiber coupler I, fiber coupler II, fiber coupler III, fiber coupler N formation is defeatedGo out end and there is identical power output, be convenient to the setting of alarm threshold value.
By changing the operation wavelength of dense wave division multiplexer DWMD, each air chamber can be used for to the detection of gas with various,To expand the range of application of this sensing detection network. Meanwhile, the utilization of dense wave division multiplexer has compared to fiber grating (FBG)Source inner chamber has higher stability, provides guarantee for realizing the precision control of voltage and improving detection rates.
Use AWG to produce stepped-slope voltage and realize the control to F-P wave filter, examine with raising systemRate tests the speed. Control voltage after optimization as shown in Figure 6.
Although in conjunction with figure, invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment partyFormula, above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is only schematically, instead of restrictive, those of ordinary skill in the art is at thisUnder bright enlightenment, in the situation that not departing from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong to guarantor of the present inventionWithin protecting.
Claims (4)
1. a punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber active inner cavity gas detection method, is characterized in that, by means of as real in lower deviceExisting: the laser that pump light source is sent arrives F-P wave filter one end through wavelength division multiplexer WDM, Er-doped fiber EDF, isolator successively;The N of 1 × N photoswitch holds each road photonic crystal fiber air chamber, dense wave division multiplexer DWDM, coupling fiber through being connected in series respectivelyDevice is connected to the F-P wave filter other end; 1 end of photoswitch is connected to wavelength division multiplexer WDM through a fiber coupler and forms backRoad; Include in addition control device, control device is for controlling the switching of photoswitch, filtering by voltage controller control F-PRipple device voltage, receive from the detection data of photo-detector, photo-detector is connected to 1 end and the wavelength division multiplexer WDM of photoswitchBetween fiber coupler on; And comprise the following steps:
By control device control photoswitch, 1 end and the N end first via are connected to the punching photonic crystal light that the N end first via connectsFine air chamber, dense wave division multiplexer DWDM, fiber coupler and pump light source, wavelength division multiplexer WDM, Er-doped fiber EDF, isolationFiber coupler between device, F-P wave filter and wavelength division multiplexer WDM photoswitch 1 end forms first active inner cavity, utilizesSpectrum and the luminous power of photo-detector to active inner cavity laser monitored; Punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber is filled with low concentrationGas to be measured; Along with F-P filter voltage increases, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser increases gradually; When wave length shift is to beatingWhen the absorbing wavelength of gas to be measured, active inner cavity increases because the absorption of gas makes loss in the photonic crystal fiber air chamber of hole,Cause the reduction of power; Continue to strengthen voltage, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser shifts out between the uptake zone of gas, and luminous power againRecover stable; If it is large that the concentration of gas indoor gas becomes, make luminous power greatly reduce, when corresponding lower than gas explosion limit instituteWhen performance number, given the alarm by control device;
Hold the second tunnel to connect at 1 end and N by control device control photoswitch, the punching photonic crystal light that N holds the second tunnel to connectFine air chamber, dense wave division multiplexer DWDM, fiber coupler and pump light source, wavelength division multiplexer WDM, Er-doped fiber EDF, isolationFiber coupler between device, F-P wave filter and wavelength division multiplexer WDM photoswitch 1 end forms second active inner cavity, utilizesSpectrum and the luminous power of photo-detector to active inner cavity laser monitored; Punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber is filled with low concentrationGas to be measured; Along with F-P filter voltage increases, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser increases gradually; When wave length shift is to beatingWhen the absorbing wavelength of gas to be measured, active inner cavity increases because the absorption of gas makes loss in the photonic crystal fiber air chamber of hole,Cause the reduction of power; Continue to strengthen voltage, the centre wavelength of active inner cavity laser shifts out between the uptake zone of gas, and luminous power againRecover stable; If it is large that the concentration of gas indoor gas becomes, make luminous power greatly reduce, when corresponding lower than gas explosion limit instituteWhen performance number, given the alarm by control device;
Photoswitch N holds all the other each roads, carries out loop test, until N holds last road.
2. punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber active inner cavity gas detection method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, makes everyThe active inner cavity output that the fiber coupler that individual dense wave division multiplexer DWDM connects forms has identical power output.
3. punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber active inner cavity gas detection method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, passes throughChange the operation wavelength of dense wave division multiplexer DWMD, can the detection for gas with various by each air chamber.
4. punching photonic crystal fiber air chamber active inner cavity gas detection method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, usesAWG produces stepped-slope Control of Voltage F-P wave filter.
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| CN104807805A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2015-07-29 | 华北电力大学 | Detection device for gas dissolved in transformer oil based on Raman spectrum |
| CN105388113B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2019-05-31 | 上海斐讯数据通信技术有限公司 | Gas detection equipment |
| CN109358010A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-19 | 榆林学院 | A kind of device and method for surveying haze main component using cell method in optical active fiber |
| CN110470606B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Methane concentration detector and detection method applied to three-dimensional space of paddy field |
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