CN103983523B - The full-scale four-point bending test device and method of steel pipe of additional axial load - Google Patents
The full-scale four-point bending test device and method of steel pipe of additional axial load Download PDFInfo
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- CN103983523B CN103983523B CN201410238717.XA CN201410238717A CN103983523B CN 103983523 B CN103983523 B CN 103983523B CN 201410238717 A CN201410238717 A CN 201410238717A CN 103983523 B CN103983523 B CN 103983523B
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Abstract
The full-scale four-point bending test device of steel pipe of additional axial load and a test method thereof, device comprises oil cylinder, pulling force rope, pulling force rope support, two pressure heads and two two test steel pipe supports arranged on the axis direction of test steel pipe; The stiff end of described oil cylinder is fixedly installed, and the end face of the movable end of described oil cylinder is pressed on two described test steel pipe supports uniformly, and the pressurization center line of described oil cylinder is also arranged in the spacing of two described test steel pipe supports in the heart; One end of described test steel pipe is fixed, and the other end connects described pulling force rope; The other end of described pulling force rope is by being connected to pulling force charger after described pulling force rope support.Apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, can be applicable to the simulation force analysis of undersea pipe-laying process, and method is easy to realize, and is easy to operation; The time result obtained is relatively more accurate true; Strained situation when can measure steel pipe stand under load by foil gauge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to submarine pipeline technical field of measurement and test, especially relate to a kind of full-scale four-point bending test device and method of steel pipe of additional axial load.
Background technology
Submarine pipeline is the lifeline of Marine oil and gas resource exploitation, to the production of submarine oil and rock gas with defeatedly play critical effect outward.Use maximum pipe laying methods to be pipelaying vessel metbod in the world at present, this method is applicable to the laying work of long distance pipeline section away from bank, and economic target is also better.
In conjunction with pipe laying practical engineering experience both domestic and external, pipelaying vessel metbod mainly contains three kinds: S type laying-out tube process, J type laying-out tube process and pipe crimping type laying-out tube process.Wherein, S type laying-out tube process due to engineer applied the earliest, its technology relative maturity, becomes the method that current undersea pipe-laying is commonly used the most, and typical S type pipe laying is as shown in Figure 1.This pipe laying method generally needs arrangement one or many tugboat that casts anchor to support laying work.Before beginning operation, need a positioning of anchor on sea bed, then anchor hawser be introduced through stinger and be tied to the end of first pipe, pipeline is under the support of stinger, naturally S type curve is bent to, generally can be divided into two regions: one for Gong Wan district, from the tensioning system on barge deck, extend downwardly into pipeline along stinger and start to depart from one section of region (flex point when lifting point is exactly generally pipe bending state) till the lifting point that stinger supports; Another section is sagbend region, it is one section of region from flex point to sea bed touchdown point, the rear towing tension that the curvature of pipeline in sagbend region is produced by the stretcher placed along production line controls, the curvature of pipeline in Gong Wan district and bending stress then generally relies on suitable slideway to support and the curvature of stinger controls.
In sum, submarine pipeline is bent when laying simultaneously, the acting in conjunction of axial tension and radial pressure and seawater drag (distortion), its security is subject to very large challenge, and therefore under submarine pipeline pipe laying state, Research on Mechanical Properties seems particularly important.
Submarine pipeline is subject to the effect of gravity and buoyant of sea water as can be seen from Figure 1, and S-shaped bending, maximum distortion and maximum stress in bend appear at pipeline and be separated place with stinger.Like this, we just can with four-point bending test come evaluating combined tube bending time change, with determine spread time maximum deflection radius.
Four-point bending test method is placed on two strong points of certain distance by sample (steel pipe), in the mid point same distance of two strong points, downward load is being applied to sample, there is four-point bending in sample, and maximum in the bending radius of midpoint under the effect of 4 contact points.Four-point bending test is mainly used to the bending radius of test sample, can also test the adhesion (adhesion as composite bimetal pipe bushing pipe and base tube) of bi-material, the schematic diagram of conventional full-scale steel pipe four-point bending test device as shown in Figure 2 simultaneously.
For composite bimetal pipe, the feature with four-point bending test method is required according to test objective, in conjunction with the structure that composite bimetal pipe is special, select four-point bending test method, both can test the minimal elastic bending radius of composite bimetal pipe, the minimum bending radius of composite bimetal pipe base lining separation and other bending property of composite bimetal pipe can have been tested again.
As shown in Figure 1, when pipe laying, pipeline is not only bending near stinger place or point of the tactile end, also be subject to the acting in conjunction of axial tension and radial pressure and seawater drag (distortion) simultaneously, as shown in Figure 2, maximum deflection radius when conventional full-scale steel pipe four-point bending test is only test steel pipe laying bending change, and have ignored steel pipe axial tension factor, and the STRESS VARIATION situation of steel pipe bending radius maximum can not be tested.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the full-scale four-point bending test device and method of steel pipe designing a kind of novel additional axial load, solve the problem.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The full-scale four-point bending test device of steel pipe of additional axial load, comprises oil cylinder, pulling force rope, pulling force rope support, two pressure heads and two two test steel pipe supports arranged on the axis direction of test steel pipe;
Described test steel pipe be positioned over test steel pipe support on, and the lengthwise centers of described test steel pipe in the spacing of two described test steel pipe supports in the heart;
Two described pressure heads are positioned on described test steel pipe, and the spacing center of two described pressure heads also in the spacing of two described test steel pipe supports in the heart;
The stiff end of described oil cylinder is fixedly installed, and the end face of the movable end of described oil cylinder is pressed on two described pressure heads uniformly, and the pressurization center line of described oil cylinder is also arranged in the spacing of two described test steel pipe supports in the heart;
One end of described test steel pipe is fixed, and the other end connects described pulling force rope; The other end of described pulling force rope is by being connected to pulling force charger after described pulling force rope support.
It is coaxial with steel pipe that described pulling force rope bearing height will ensure that steel pipe reaches axial load when expecting deformation extent.
If:
H is the bending drafts of test steel pipe, is determined in the flexural loading degree of trustship by test steel pipe;
H
1for the height of described test steel pipe support;
H
2for the height that pulling force rope supports;
L
1for testing the distance at the center of steel pipe support described in the centre distance of described oil cylinder;
L
2for the distance at the center that center and the pulling force rope of described test steel pipe support support;
Then:
The supercentral described test steel pipe of spacing being positioned at two described test steel pipe supports is provided with the foil gauge be connected with stress test system.
Described pulling force rope is wire rope.
Described pulling force charger is external oil cylinder or windlass.
A test method for the full-scale four-point bending test device of steel pipe of additional axial load, comprises step as follows:
First, test steel pipe is positioned on test steel pipe support, ensures the spacing center of the lengthwise centers of described test steel pipe at described test steel pipe support;
Secondly, start oil cylinder and pulling force charger, press down at the effect push-down head of described oil cylinder and guarantee to test the bending drafts h of steel pipe, guarantee that tested steel pipe axial stress is F by pulling force rope, meanwhile, the foil gauge be connected with stress test system is monitored and is recorded the real-time strained situation of described test steel pipe under loaded state; Wherein establish:
H
1for the height of described test steel pipe support;
H
2for the height that pulling force rope supports;
L
1for testing the distance at the center of steel pipe support described in the centre distance of described oil cylinder;
L
2for the distance at the center that center and the pulling force rope of described test steel pipe support support;
Then:
One end of described test steel pipe is fixed, and the other end connects described pulling force rope; The other end of described pulling force rope is by being connected to pulling force charger after described pulling force rope support.
Finally, for composite bimetal pipe, after test completes, whether there is cracking, fold and stripping situation with endoscopic observation liner.
Beneficial effect of the present invention can be summarized as follows:
1, apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, can be applicable to the simulation force analysis of undersea pipe-laying process, and method is easy to realize, and is easy to operation;
2, force-bearing situation when the full-scale steel pipe four-point bending test device of apparatus and method of the present invention routine more of the prior art reflects that steel pipe is laid more really, the time result obtained is relatively more accurate truly;
3, the apparatus and method in the present invention not only can measure full-scale steel pipe minimal elastic bending radius, and strained situation when can measure steel pipe stand under load by foil gauge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 S type of the prior art laying-out tube process schematic diagram;
Wherein, 21 surface levels, 22 sea beds, 23 touch end point, and part between 24 inflection points to sea bed, 25 inflection points, 26 stinger parts, 27 lift away from a little, 28 pipelaying barges.
Fig. 2 is routine of the prior art full-scale steel pipe four-point bending test device schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the steel pipe four-point bending test device schematic diagram inventing additional axial load.
Fig. 4 is the steel pipe four-point bending test device practical operation schematic diagram inventing additional axial load.
Embodiment
In order to make technical matters solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The full-scale four-point bending test device of steel pipe of a kind of additional axial load as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, comprises oil cylinder 4, pulling force rope 6, pulling force rope supports 7, two pressure heads 5 and two two of arranging on the axis direction of test steel pipe 1 test steel pipe supports 2; Described test steel pipe 1 be positioned over test steel pipe support 2 on, and the lengthwise centers of described test steel pipe 1 in the spacing of two described test steel pipe supports 2 in the heart; Two described pressure heads 5 are positioned on described test steel pipe 1, and the spacing center of two described pressure heads 5 also in the spacing of two described test steel pipe supports 2 in the heart; The stiff end of described oil cylinder 4 is fixedly installed, and the end face of the movable end of described oil cylinder 4 is pressed on two described pressure heads 5 uniformly, and the pressurization center line of described oil cylinder 4 is also arranged in the spacing of two described test steel pipe supports 2 in the heart; One end of described test steel pipe 1 is fixed, and the other end connects described pulling force rope 6; The other end of described pulling force rope 6 is by being connected to pulling force charger after described pulling force rope support 7.
In the embodiment be more preferably, it is coaxial with steel pipe that described pulling force rope support 7 height will ensure that steel pipe reaches axial load when expecting deformation extent.
In the embodiment be more preferably, if:
H is the bending drafts of test steel pipe 1, is determined in the flexural loading degree of trustship by test steel pipe 1;
H
1for the height of described test steel pipe support 2;
H
2for pulling force rope supports the height of 7;
L
1for testing the distance at the center of steel pipe support 2 described in the centre distance of described oil cylinder 4;
L
2for the center of described test steel pipe support 2 and pulling force rope support the distance at the center of 7;
Then:
In the embodiment be more preferably, the supercentral described test steel pipe 1 of spacing being positioned at two described test steel pipe supports 2 is provided with the foil gauge 3 be connected with stress test system.
In the embodiment be more preferably, described pulling force rope 6 is wire rope.Described pulling force charger is external oil cylinder 4 or windlass.
A test method for the full-scale four-point bending test device of steel pipe of additional axial load, comprises step as follows:
First, test steel pipe 1 is positioned on test steel pipe support 2, ensures the spacing center of the lengthwise centers of described test steel pipe 1 at described test steel pipe support 2;
Secondly, start oil cylinder 4 and pulling force charger, press down at the effect push-down head 5 of described oil cylinder 4 and guarantee to test the bending drafts h of steel pipe 1, guarantee that test steel pipe 1 axial stress is F by pulling force rope 6, meanwhile, the foil gauge 3 be connected with stress test system is monitored and is recorded the real-time strained situation of described test steel pipe 1 under loaded state; Wherein establish:
H
1for the height of described test steel pipe support 2;
H
2for described pulling force rope supports 7 height;
L
1for testing the distance at the center of steel pipe support 2 described in the centre distance of described oil cylinder 4;
L
2for the center of described test steel pipe support 2 and pulling force rope support the distance at the center of 7;
Then:
In the embodiment be more preferably, finally, for composite bimetal pipe, after test completes, whether there is cracking, fold and stripping situation with endoscopic observation liner.
In certain preferred embodiment, in figure 3, F is axial load, and determined by the stretcher tension force in laying, the loading of axial stress is by external oil cylinder or windlass supply; Foil gauge 3 is for monitoring the real-time strained situation of steel pipe under loaded state; Oil cylinder 4 ensures pressure stress during four-point bending, makes support 2 and pressure head 5 form steel pipe 4 stresses; Wire rope 6 one end is connected with steel pipe 1, and the other end is connected with external oil cylinder or windlass, for steel pipe 1 provides corresponding axial stress F.F size is by designing root border condition of construction calculating gained factually.
There is following relation in figure 3:
In formula (1),
H---be pressure head 5 drafts (namely testing the bending drafts h of steel pipe 1) of testing requirements, determined by the flexural loading degree of steel pipe in trustship;
H1---bearing height;
H2---wire rope bearing height, ensures that steel pipe reaches axial load when expecting deformation extent coaxial with steel pipe;
The distance of L1---oil cylinder 4 centre distance centre of support;
The distance at L2---centre of support and wire rope center.
As shown in Figure 4, its operation engineering is as described below for the practical operation schematic diagram of this device:
First, test steel pipe 1 is positioned in support 2, ensures that steel pipe 1 lengthwise centers is in support 2 spacing center; Secondly, start oil cylinder 4 and external windlass, guaranteed the bending drafts h of steel pipe 1 by pressure head 5, guarantee steel pipe axial stress F by wire rope.Meanwhile, the foil gauge 3 be connected with stress test system, can monitor and record the real-time strained situation of steel pipe under loaded state.Finally, for thermometal coincidence tube, after test completes, the situations such as cracking, fold and stripping whether can be there is with endoscopic observation liner.
Visible, apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, can be applicable to the simulation force analysis of undersea pipe-laying process, and method is easy to realize, and is easy to operation; Force-bearing situation when the full-scale steel pipe four-point bending test device of apparatus and method of the present invention routine more of the prior art reflects that steel pipe is laid more really, the time result obtained is relatively more accurate truly; Apparatus and method in the present invention not only can measure full-scale steel pipe minimal elastic bending radius, and strained situation when can measure steel pipe stand under load by foil gauge 3.
The present invention is described in detail in preferred embodiment above by concrete; but those skilled in the art should be understood that; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any amendment of doing, equivalent replacement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the full-scale four-point bending test device of the steel pipe of additional axial load, is characterized in that: comprise oil cylinder, pulling force rope, pulling force rope support, two pressure heads and two two test steel pipe supports arranged on the axis direction of test steel pipe;
Described test steel pipe be positioned over test steel pipe support on, and the lengthwise centers of described test steel pipe in the spacing of two described test steel pipe supports in the heart;
Two described pressure heads are positioned on described test steel pipe, and the spacing center of two described pressure heads also in the spacing of two described test steel pipe supports in the heart;
The stiff end of described oil cylinder is fixedly installed, and the end face of the movable end of described oil cylinder is pressed on two described pressure heads uniformly, and the pressurization center line of described oil cylinder is also arranged in the spacing of two described test steel pipe supports in the heart;
One end of described test steel pipe is fixed, and the other end connects described pulling force rope; The other end of described pulling force rope is by being connected to pulling force charger after described pulling force rope support.
2. the full-scale four-point bending test device of the steel pipe of additional axial load according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is coaxial with steel pipe that described pulling force rope bearing height will ensure that steel pipe reaches axial load when expecting deformation extent.
3. the full-scale four-point bending test device of the steel pipe of additional axial load according to claim 2, is characterized in that, if:
H is the bending drafts of test steel pipe, is determined in the flexural loading degree of trustship by test steel pipe;
H
1for the height of described test steel pipe support;
H
2for described pulling force rope bearing height;
L
1for testing the distance at the center of steel pipe support described in the centre distance of described oil cylinder;
L
2for the distance at the center that center and the pulling force rope of described test steel pipe support support;
Then:
。
4. the full-scale four-point bending test device of the steel pipe of additional axial load according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the supercentral described test steel pipe of spacing being positioned at two described test steel pipe supports is provided with the foil gauge be connected with stress test system.
5. the full-scale four-point bending test device of the steel pipe of additional axial load according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pulling force rope is wire rope.
6. the full-scale four-point bending test device of the steel pipe of additional axial load according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pulling force charger is external oil cylinder or windlass.
7. a test method for the full-scale four-point bending test device of the steel pipe of additional axial load, is characterized in that, comprise step as follows:
First, test steel pipe is positioned on test steel pipe support, ensures the spacing center of the lengthwise centers of described test steel pipe at described test steel pipe support;
Secondly, start oil cylinder and pulling force charger, press down at the effect push-down head of described oil cylinder and guarantee to test the bending drafts h of steel pipe, guarantee that tested steel pipe axial stress is F by pulling force rope, meanwhile, the foil gauge be connected with stress test system is monitored and is recorded the real-time strained situation of described test steel pipe under loaded state; Wherein establish:
H
1for the height of described test steel pipe support;
H
2for the height that pulling force rope supports;
L
1for testing the distance at the center of steel pipe support described in the centre distance of described oil cylinder;
L
2for the distance at the center that center and the pulling force rope of described test steel pipe support support;
Then:
One end of described test steel pipe is fixed, and the other end connects described pulling force rope; The other end of described pulling force rope is by being connected to pulling force charger after described pulling force rope support.
8. the test method of the full-scale four-point bending test device of the steel pipe of additional axial load according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: last, for composite bimetal pipe, after test completes, whether there is cracking, fold and stripping situation with endoscopic observation liner.
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| CN105466770A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2016-04-06 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | Tension-bending combination load test apparatus |
| CN104501744A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-08 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Bent angle testing method for pipeline |
| RU2582231C1 (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-04-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-исследовательское производственное предприятие "ВАЛЬМА" | Method of testing for sulphide cracking of metal of electric welded and seamless pipes |
| CN106769535B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2019-04-26 | 中国石油集团石油管工程技术研究院 | A kind of solid expansion pipe band load flex expansion test method |
| CN106840913B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2019-08-30 | 中国石油集团石油管工程技术研究院 | A kind of solid expansion pipe band load flex Expansion Test apparatus |
| CN107677548A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-02-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of I-beam stretch bending combined load test mechanism |
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| DE4104822A1 (en) * | 1991-02-16 | 1992-08-20 | Telefunken Systemtechnik | TEST DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT 4-POINT BEND CHANGING TESTS |
| JP2003021584A (en) * | 2001-04-17 | 2003-01-24 | Omron Corp | Testing method for metal bonding material and testing equipment thereof |
| CN201141828Y (en) * | 2007-12-15 | 2008-10-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院 | Simulation experiment device for bending deformation of highly deviated well column |
| CN102042939B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-07-25 | 华东理工大学 | Miniature specimen creep test system and test method |
| CN202126375U (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-01-25 | 天津钢管集团股份有限公司 | Full-size bending test device for marine line pipes |
| CN203858162U (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-10-01 | 北京隆盛泰科石油管科技有限公司 | Full-size steel pipe four-point bending test device with external axial load |
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Effective date of registration: 20230703 Address after: 100007 Oil Mansion, 9 North Avenue, Dongcheng District, Beijing, Dongzhimen Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee after: China Petroleum Engineering Materials Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: BEIJING LONGSHINE OIL TUBULAR TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 1901, Block B, Luoke Times, Building 103, Huizhongli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101 Patentee before: BEIJING LONGSHINE OIL TUBULAR TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |