CN103982252A - Novel process combination of high-speed and efficient single reheating steam turbine and power generation of small power plant - Google Patents
Novel process combination of high-speed and efficient single reheating steam turbine and power generation of small power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN103982252A CN103982252A CN201410209929.5A CN201410209929A CN103982252A CN 103982252 A CN103982252 A CN 103982252A CN 201410209929 A CN201410209929 A CN 201410209929A CN 103982252 A CN103982252 A CN 103982252A
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Abstract
The invention provides a technology applicable to a power plant with a boiler evaporation amount of less than or equal to 200t/h and the power of a single steam turbine of lower than 75MW. The technology is used for modifying an old plant and building a new plant; compared with current power generation process and equipment, the heat efficiency can be improved by more than 16%. In order to reduce the old plant modification investment, the temperature of an over-heater can be improved by only exchanging the over-heater and an outlet pipeline thereof. Meanwhile, in order to improve the efficiency of the power plant, a boiler can be additionally provided with a single re-heater, so as to be good for being matched with a high-speed and efficient single reheating steam turbine to form a novel process and novel equipment for generating power. The high-speed and efficient single reheating steam turbine is designed as follows: two schemes including a double-cylinder and double-shaft high-speed backpressure machine single reheating low-pressure condensing set and a double-cylinder single-shaft high-speed single reheating low-pressure condensing set are adopted. The newly-built power plant directly adopts the high-speed and efficient single reheating steam turbine with higher initial parameters; correspondingly, the single reheating boiler is adopted.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to twin-tub single shaft high speed single reheat steam turbine and twin-tub twinax high-speed single reheat steam turbine.
Background technique
At present, serve power plant's unit scale great majority such as the Comprehensive Utilization Power Plant in mining area, local development zone cogeneration of heat and power enterprise and the rubbish in recent years starting, biology, stalk, solar thermal energy below 75MW.Wherein: single-machine capacity 15MW and following unit are medium temperature and medium pressure, inferior high temperature sub-high pressure type; Single-machine capacity 15MW-65MW and following unit are generally High Temperature High Pressure type.Simultaneously the unit below 75MW does not all design single reheat system, due to vapor (steam) temperature, pressure parameter is low, steam flow is little, through-flow difference causes unit efficiency low.
At present the main vapour parameter of the following Properties of CFB of single-machine capacity 15MW is mainly taking medium temperature and medium pressure and time high temperature sub-high pressure as main, its economic indicator: the thermal efficiency is lower than 23% (pure condensate state), net coal consumption rate is higher than 600 grams/degree, and station service power consumption rate is in 14% left and right; The thermal efficiency of unit 15MW-65MW scale is lower than 30%, 450 grams/degree of net coal consumption rate left and right, station service power consumption rate 11% left and right.
Steam output boiler below 200t/h does not all design reheater.Medium temperature and medium pressure superheater temperature is 435 DEG C, and inferior high temperature sub-high pressure superheater temperature is 475 DEG C (design parameter is lower).Fig. 1 is shown as the thermodynamic system schematic diagram of the following conventional rack of single-machine capacity 65MW.Wherein, superheater 102 in boiler 1 is heated into medium temperature and medium pressure or inferior high temperature sub-high pressure superheated vapor saturated vapour, steam enters and takes out condensing turbine 104 through superheater outlet 103, taking out condensing turbine 104 does work by coupling 105 drawing generators 106, (3000 revs/min of working speeds), exhaust steam after acting enters vapour condenser 107 through steam turbine exhaust outlet 109, condenses into water, and water of condensation is again entered boiler heating, boosts through Rankine cycle by feed water pump 108.This type of steam turbine set is the design of single cylinder single shaft, steam grade is lower, rotating speed is low, turbine efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of twin-tub high speed single reheat steam turbine, it is characterized in that comprising:
Boiler;
Superheater in boiler, for being heated into saturated vapour superhigh-temperature and-pressure superheated vapor;
High rotating speed back pressure turbine, superheated vapor is exported and is entered high rotating speed back pressure turbine and do work by superheated vapor;
Reheater in boiler, the exhaust of high rotating speed back pressure turbine enters boiler again through pipeline, heats, thereby improve temperature and enthalpy by reheater;
Low pressure (LP) cylinder, the steam forming after described exhaust reheating enters low pressure (LP) cylinder by reheater export pipeline and again does work;
Vapour condenser, the low pressure (LP) cylinder exhaust after low pressure (LP) cylinder does work again enters vapour condenser, condenses into water of condensation;
Feed water pump, for making described water of condensation again enter boiler through Rankine cycle.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is shown as the thermodynamic system schematic diagram of the following conventional rack of single-machine capacity 65MW.
Fig. 2 has shown according to twin-tub twinax high-speed single reheat steam turbine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 has shown double-cylinder coaxial high speed single reheat steam turbine according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Scheme one: twin-tub twinax high-speed single reheat Design of Steam Turbine (Fig. 2)
Fig. 2 has shown according to twin-tub twinax high-speed single reheat steam turbine of the present invention, wherein, superheater 202 in boiler 1 is heated into superhigh-temperature and-pressure superheated vapor saturated vapour, and superheated vapor exports 203 by superheated vapor and enters high rotating speed back pressure turbine 204 and do work (working speed is greater than 6000 revs/min); The exhaust of high rotating speed back pressure turbine 204 enters boiler 1 again through pipeline 209, heat and improve temperature and enthalpy (a resuperheat system) by reheater 211, steam after heat exports 210 by reheater and enters low pressure (LP) cylinder 213 and again do work again, acting final vacuum 212 enters vapour condenser 207, condense into water, water of condensation is again entered boiler heating, boosts through Rankine cycle by feed water pump 208.
In this embodiment, the inventor considers if do not adopted high rotating speed back pressure turbine 204, and employing rotating speed is the conventional back pressure turbine of 3000 revs/min, can be little due to conventional back pressure turbine inner high voltage high temperature section vapor volume, and cause steam flow to reduce; The displacement loss of governing stage and subsequently several pressure levels is larger, and blade is shorter, makes conventional back pressure turbine efficiency lower, therefore invention adopts high rotating speed back pressure turbine 204.Improved after working speed, the pitch diameter of impeller reduces on the one hand, and when flow area one timing, blade height increases, thereby improves the efficiency of steam turbine; When leaf is high while remaining unchanged, degree of partial admission improves, and can adopt full admission, reduces the loss on the other hand.
High rotating speed back pressure turbine 204 is connected with gearbox 214 by coupling 205, and gearbox 214 is connected with the axle of low pressure (LP) cylinder 213 by coupling 216, and low pressure (LP) cylinder 213 is connected with generator 206 by coupling 215.The effect of gearbox 214 is that the rotating speed of high speed back pressure machine 204 is reduced with the rotating speed of low pressure (LP) cylinder 213, generator 206 and keeps synchronizeing.
Scheme two: double-cylinder coaxial high speed single reheat Design of Steam Turbine (Fig. 3)
Fig. 3 has shown double-cylinder coaxial high speed single reheat steam turbine according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, superheater 302 in boiler 1 is heated into superhigh-temperature and-pressure superheated vapor saturated vapour, superheated vapor exports 303 by superheated vapor and enters high rotating speed back pressure turbine 304 and do work (working speed is greater than 6000 revs/min), the final vacuum of doing work of high rotating speed back pressure turbine 304 enters boiler 1 by high-pressure cylinder gas exhaust piping 309, again do work by entering low pressure (LP) cylinder 313 by hot export pipeline 310 again after reheater 311 heat temperature raisings, acting final vacuum 312 enters vapour condenser 307 and condenses into water, water of condensation enters boiler heating through Rankine cycle again by feed water pump 308, boost.
High-pressure cylinder 304 and low pressure (LP) cylinder 313 are in an axle is fastened a cylinder body, logical with altering of low pressure (LP) cylinder 313 in order to block high-pressure cylinder 304, adopt dividing plate 317.High-pressure cylinder 304 runs up jointly with low pressure (LP) cylinder 313, and low pressure (LP) cylinder 313 is connected with speed reducer 314 by coupling 305, by being connected with generator 306 with coupling 315 after speed reducer 314 reductions of speed.
Above two schemes all adopts high rotating speed back pressure turbine, and the arrangement of low pressure (LP) cylinder acting is entered in single reheat, based on same thinking, and can reach same effect.The high and low cylinder pressure of scheme one applicable grassroot project arranged apart, and transformation project is because being subject to spatial constraints to adopt the fit layout of the high and low cylinder pressure of scheme two comparatively suitable.
The present invention is particularly useful for 200 tons of following boilers of traditional steam output to transform, compared with 200 tons of following boilers of the rear boiler of transformation and traditional steam output, boiler has increased reheater, simultaneously because Boiler Steam Temperature promotes larger, former boiler superheater material is 12Cr1MoV, can not meet the rear main stripping temperature stress requirement of transformation, thus the pipeline material of superheater and superheater outlet to be replaced by P91, to adapt to the rear main stripping temperature stress requirement of transformation.
Boiler main steam is exported and is entered high rotating speed back pressure turbine and do work by superheater, and the exhaust after acting enters after boiler reheater absorption boiler heat promotes temperature and enters turbine low pressure cylinder acting.
Effect of the present invention and advantage
High rotating speed back pressure turbine group design two sets of plan below 65MW:
Scheme one: capacity 30MW left and right unit adopts two stove one machine arrangements, adopt two boilers to drag a steam turbine, can effectively increase steam flow and improve flow efficiency, adopt high rotating speed back pressure turbine to increase single reheat simultaneously, this programme is suitable for Transformation of Unit project;
Scheme two: capacity 50MW left and right unit adopts two stove two machine schemes adopts high rotating speed back pressure turbine to increase single reheat system simultaneously.
Above two sets of plan all adopts superhigh temperature ultrahigh pressure parameter, and this programme is applicable to newly-built cogeneration units, and in the time that mini thermoelectric heat coproduction enterprise thermoelectricity ratio is greater than 30%, net coal consumption rate can be lower than 280 grams/degree.
Employing scheme one, is analyzed with the economic indicator of generating electricity under 2*15MW high temperature sub-high pressure Properties of CFB pure condensate operating mode:
The steam consumption: 4.562kg/kwh;
Gross coal consumption rate: 495 grams/degree;
Hour generated energy: 32880kwh;
Under equal fuel condition, be that the high rotating speed back pressure turbine of high temperature sub-high pressure is joined after low pressure (LP) cylinder steam turbine by it by new process upgrading.
Theory is calculated and is shown, generating economic indicator can reach: the generating steam consumption: 3.07kg/kwh, and gross coal consumption rate: 370 grams/degree, hour generated energy: 43974kwh.Whole year operation hour number is in 7500h, and under equal fuel condition, the present invention will increase generated energy: 8320.5 ten thousand degree/year, the annual mark coal amount of saving: 30829 tons.To mark at present 630 yuan/ton of coal market prices, 0.421 yuan/degree of rate for incorporation into the power network electricity, can save every year cost of electricity-generating: 1,942 ten thousand yuan, increase income from sales: 3,503 ten thousand yuan.
Employing scheme two, is analyzed with the economic indicator of generating electricity under 2*50MW High Temperature High Pressure Properties of CFB pure condensate operating mode:
The steam consumption: 3.766kg/kwh;
Gross coal consumption rate: 365 grams/degree;
Hour generated energy: 116834.8kwh;
Under the condition of equal fuel with the comparison of the high rotating speed single reheat of superhigh temperature ultrahigh pressure of the present invention steam turbine.
Theoretical calculating shows that its generating economic indicator can reach: generating steam consumption 2.68kg/kwh, 315 grams/degree of gross coal consumption rate, hour generated energy 135447.8kwh.Whole year operation hour number is in 7500h, and under equal fuel condition, the present invention will increase generated energy: 13959.75 ten thousand degree/year, the annual mark coal amount of saving: 43813.05 tons.To mark at present 630 yuan/ton of coal market prices, 0.421 yuan/degree of rate for incorporation into the power network electricity, can save every year cost of electricity-generating: 2,760 ten thousand yuan, increase income from sales: 5,877 ten thousand yuan.
Adopt unit of the present invention generating economical and technical benefit can surmount Subcritical Units, current domestic small power plant is made a profit instead of suffering a loss, and respond national energy-saving reduction of discharging call, realize small power plant Green Transformation.
The present invention, for solving the problem that the small power plant thermal efficiency is low, realizes small power plant Green Transformation.According to one embodiment of present invention, initial conditions temperature, pressure are all brought up to ultrahigh pressure (13.8Mpa) superhigh temperature (566 DEG C), increase single reheat system, adopt high rotating speed back pressure turbine simultaneously.
Implement time of the present invention, single-machine capacity is unit below 65MW, and boiler is only transformed and do not changed, that is: do not change pressure and only improve temperature, increases single reheat system simultaneously.
Claims (4)
1. twin-tub high speed single reheat steam turbine, is characterized in that comprising:
Boiler (1);
Superheater (202,302) in boiler (1), for being heated into saturated vapour superhigh-temperature and-pressure superheated vapor;
High rotating speed back pressure turbine (204,304), superheated vapor exports (203,303) by superheated vapor and enters high rotating speed back pressure turbine (204,304) and do work;
Reheater (211 in boiler (1), 311), high rotating speed back pressure turbine (204,304) exhaust is through pipeline (209,309) again enter boiler (1), heat by reheater (211,311), thereby improve steam enthalpy;
Low pressure (LP) cylinder (213,313), the steam forming after described exhaust reheating enters low pressure (LP) cylinder (213,313) by reheater export pipeline (210,310) and again does work;
Vapour condenser (207,307), the low pressure (LP) cylinder exhaust (212,312) after low pressure (LP) cylinder (213,313) does work again enters vapour condenser (207,307), condenses into water of condensation;
Feed water pump (208,308), for making described water of condensation again enter boiler (1) through Rankine cycle.
2. twin-tub high speed single reheat steam turbine according to claim 1, is characterized in that further comprising:
The first coupling (205),
Gearbox (214), described high rotating speed back pressure turbine (204) is connected with gearbox (214) by the first coupling (205),
The second coupling (216), gearbox (214) is connected with the axle of low pressure (LP) cylinder (213) by the second coupling (216),
The 3rd coupling (215), low-pressure turbine (213) is connected with generator by the 3rd coupling (215),
Wherein gearbox (214) make high rotating speed back pressure turbine (204) thus rotating speed reduce with the rotating speed maintenance of low pressure (LP) cylinder (213) and generator and synchronize.
3. twin-tub high speed single reheat steam turbine according to claim 1, is characterized in that further comprising:
Dividing plate (317), be used for blocking high rotating speed back pressure turbine (304) logical with altering of low pressure (LP) cylinder (313), wherein high rotating speed back pressure turbine (304) is fastened at an axle with low pressure (LP) cylinder (313), high rotating speed back pressure turbine (304) runs up jointly with low pressure (LP) cylinder (313)
Tetrad axial organ (305),
Speed reducer (314), low pressure (LP) cylinder (313) is connected with speed reducer (314) by tetrad axial organ (305),
5-linked axial organ (315), low pressure (LP) cylinder (313) is by being connected with generator by 5-linked axial organ (315) after speed reducer (314) reduction of speed.
4. twin-tub high speed single reheat steam turbine according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The working speed of high rotating speed back pressure turbine (204,304) is greater than 6000 revs/min.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104696026A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-10 | 张德志 | Small and medium-sized, energy-saving and efficient intermediate reheating steam turbine set |
| CN108150233A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-12 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of steam turbine using the novel overcritical mixed working fluid of coalification gas |
| CN108194154A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-22 | 华西能源工业股份有限公司 | The super-pressure circulatory system and method for burning wind are heated in garbage power plant steam exhaust |
| CN108397247A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏金通灵流体机械科技股份有限公司 | A kind of coaxial resuperheat axial exhaust type steam turbine of ready-package high speed |
| CN110043439A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-23 | 南通常安能源有限公司 | A kind of steam feed pump system and method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104696026A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-10 | 张德志 | Small and medium-sized, energy-saving and efficient intermediate reheating steam turbine set |
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| CN108194154A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-22 | 华西能源工业股份有限公司 | The super-pressure circulatory system and method for burning wind are heated in garbage power plant steam exhaust |
| CN108397247A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏金通灵流体机械科技股份有限公司 | A kind of coaxial resuperheat axial exhaust type steam turbine of ready-package high speed |
| CN108397247B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2024-04-12 | 金通灵科技集团股份有限公司 | Quick-assembly high-speed coaxial intermediate reheat axial exhaust steam turbine |
| CN110043439A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-23 | 南通常安能源有限公司 | A kind of steam feed pump system and method |
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Application publication date: 20140813 |