CN103981539B - Aluminium cell stops cathode protecting process after groove - Google Patents
Aluminium cell stops cathode protecting process after groove Download PDFInfo
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- CN103981539B CN103981539B CN201410115992.2A CN201410115992A CN103981539B CN 103981539 B CN103981539 B CN 103981539B CN 201410115992 A CN201410115992 A CN 201410115992A CN 103981539 B CN103981539 B CN 103981539B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy, particularly aluminium cell stops cathode protecting process after groove, comprises the following steps: the cathode carbon pieces group of aluminium cell, artificial stretch one's legs and the surface of side wall carbon block all sprays coal tar oil reservoir; Cover again the air tight film of one deck on the surface of dried coal tar oil reservoir; On air tight film, cover and prevent the pressure layer that air tight film moves. The not negative electrode of the aluminium cell after guard method protection provided by the present invention is repaired, because be exposed to for a long time in air while use, negative electrode is corroded by airborne moisture and oxygen, under high temperature and extraneous stronger pressure-acting, can obviously there is cathodic delamination, face checking phenomenon in the negative electrode of aluminium cell; The probability of the delamination of the negative electrode of the aluminium cell after overprotection is zero; face checking phenomenon reduces 70% within six months; the repairing number of times of aluminium cell obviously reduces, stop groove frequency by before 10% be reduced to 2%, greatly saved fettling cost and stopped groove cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy, stop groove in particular to aluminium cellRear cathode protecting process.
Background technology
Aluminum current industry all adopts carbon anode and charcoal negative electrode, the reaction equation that electrolytic process is totalFor: (if anodic gas composition is 70%CO2When+30%CO)
This electrolyte liquation is approximately 2.1g/cm 950 DEG C of left and right density3, than same temperatureThe lower aluminium liquid 2.3g/cm of degree3Little 10% left and right, thereby can ensure aluminium liquid and electricity in electrolytic processSeparate the layering of matter liquation. In this liquation, be substantially devoid of than the more electropositive element of aluminium,Thereby can ensure the quality of electrolysate aluminium. In addition, ice crystal one aluminium oxide liquation is basicOn do not absorb water, under electrolysis temperature, its vapour pressure is not high, has larger stability.
In the time that electric current passes through electrolyte, make these materials form showing of separating on electrodeResemble and be called electrolysis, contain electrolytical device and be just called aluminium cell.
In the time of normal production, the bottom land of aluminium cell accumulates the metallic aluminium of some, thisThe surface of metal level is exactly cathode surface, and it directly contacts with electrolyte, thereby must have portionDivide metal to be dissolved in electrolyte and go, it is to reduce electric current that cathodic metal aluminium is dissolved in electrolyteThe main cause of efficiency. The biggest factor that affects the solubility of aluminium in electrolyte is temperature,Temperature is higher, and the solution loss of aluminium is larger. Show according to the repeatedly measurement to aluminium cell,10 DEG C of the every risings of temperature, current efficiency approximately reduces 1%-2%. Therefore, aluminium cell powerAsk maintenance low-temperature operation, be good for improving current efficiency.
Aluminium Electrolysis process: be mainly to do electrolyte, carbon with ice crystal one aluminium oxide liquationCellulosic material is negative electrode and anode, and direct current imports from anode, after electrolyte and aluminium liquid layerDerive from cathode bar, galvanic effect is to keep ice crystal, aluminium oxide etc. with heat energy formRaw material is molten condition and realizes electrochemical reaction, and reaction result generates titanium dioxide on anodeCarbon and CO gas are separated out liquid metal aluminium on negative electrode. Along with entering of electrolytic processOK, the aluminium of separating out is accumulated, and takes out periodically the aluminium of taking-up from aluminium cellBe sent to casting department from cell room, after corresponding processing, be cast into the base of all sizeIngot.
Capital equipment-the aluminium cell of Aluminum Electrolysis Production, after installing, pass through roastingWith after the stage of starting, just can proceed to normal production, generally can continue to produce 3-5, haveTime because breakage occurs groove liner in early days, have a strong impact on aluminium Yield and quality or occur bakieWhen dangerous, just aluminium cell is stopped to groove maintenance, after maintenance is good, recover again through roasting blow-onProduce.
Conventionally, aluminium cell is stopping needing to carry out light maintenance and overhaul after groove, so that suitableIn time, puts into operation. If put into production not in time after having repaiied, just its negative electrode is exposed at airIn, the moisture of air and oxygen can infiltrate cathode surface, cause making moist and weathering of negative electrode.
And after light maintenance aluminium cell due to can residual charing aluminium in its cathode surface and gap etc.Material, these materials can with water generation chemical reaction, and long-term exposed in air,In roasting process, be subject to the very easily delamination of effect of thermal stress, these all can cause the early stage of negative electrodeBreakage, thereby the life-span of reducing aluminium cell.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aluminium cell to stop cathode protecting process after groove, withRealize aluminium cell and stop the protection for aluminium electrolytic cell cathode after groove maintenance, and then extend aluminium electricitySeparate the service life of groove.
Cathode protecting process after the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of aluminium cell to stop groove, bagDraw together following steps:
The cathode carbon pieces group of aluminium cell, artificial stretch one's legs and the surface of side wall carbon block all spraysCoal tar oil reservoir;
Cover again the air tight film of one deck on the surface of dried described coal tar oil reservoir;
On described air tight film, cover and prevent the pressure layer that described air tight film moves.
Further, the thickness of coal tar oil reservoir is 2-5mm.
Further, every 1cm2The amount of the described coal tar spraying is 3mg/cm2-5mg/cm2。
Further, also comprise oxidation barrier film;
Described oxidation barrier film covers on described coal tar oil reservoir, and described air tight film coversOn described oxidation barrier film.
Further, described air tight film is plastic foil.
Further, described pressure layer is alumina powder layer or blast furnace coal slag blanket.
The aluminium cell providing by the embodiment of the present invention stops cathode protecting process after groove, energyEnough extend the service life of aluminium cell. Coal tar is the rough coal that coking industry pyrolysis of coal generatesOne of product in gas, its product is black viscous fluid shape, common use at normal temperatures and pressuresIn way, also setting it as fuel uses. In the present invention, coal tar sprayed and repairingThe cathode surface of aluminium cell, makes it by the negative electrode of aluminium cell, artificial stretching one's legs and sidepiece charcoalThe surface of piece protects completely, has tentatively completely cut off oxygen and the moisture negative electrode to aluminium cellErosion. Meanwhile, for the air tight film of surface coverage one deck at coal tar oil reservoir, enter oneStep has stoped the cathode carbon pieces group of oxygen to aluminium cell, artificial stretching one's legs and the invading of side wall carbon blockErosion. Afterwards, in order to prevent air tight film sliding, can be at the attached pressure layer of its surface pressure.
After this three-layer protection, the cathode carbon pieces group of the aluminium cell after maintenance, artificialStretch one's legs and side wall carbon block between deadtime, it completely cuts off with oxygen and moisture completely, Neng GoufangBlock G&W divides the erosion for cathode surface.
When starting aluminium cell uses, surperficial pressure layer is removed, air tight film is removed,Afterwards, in use, because the negative electrode of aluminium cell can at high temperature use, and can addHeat is to 700-800 DEG C, and maximum temperature can reach 900 DEG C, at high temperature, sprays at negative electrode tableThe coal tar meeting completing combustion of face also vapors away. Prove by use-case, do not pass through thisThe negative electrode of the aluminium cell after bright provided guard method protection is repaired, it is in follow-up useIn, because be exposed to for a long time in air, negative electrode is corroded by airborne moisture and oxygen,In the use procedure of follow-up half a year, under high temperature and extraneous stronger pressure-acting, aluminiumCan obviously there is cathodic delamination, face checking phenomenon, and cathodic delamination in the negative electrode of electrolytic cellProbability reach 50%-55%, face checking phenomenon reaches 72%-75%. And after overprotectionThe probability of delamination of negative electrode of aluminium cell be zero, face checking phenomenon is within six monthsReduce 70%, and the repairing number of times of aluminium cell obviously reduces, and stops groove frequency by before10% be reduced to 2%, greatly saved fettling cost and stopped groove cost.
Brief description of the drawings
The structural representation of the aluminium cell that Fig. 1 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The sectional view of the negative electrode of the aluminium cell that Fig. 2 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
In the aluminium cell that Fig. 3 provides for one embodiment of the invention, on it, be provided with successively coalThe profile of the cathode carbon pieces group after tar layer, plastic foil and alumina powder;
1. cathode carbon pieces group, 2. artificial stretching one's legs, 3. side wall carbon block, 4. coal tar oil reservoir, 5. plasticsFilm, 6. alumina powder layer.
Detailed description of the invention
Also by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is done further in detail below by specific embodimentDescribe.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the invention provides an embodiment, introduce in detail a kind ofAluminium cell stops cathode protecting process after groove, comprises the following steps:
In the cathode carbon pieces group 1 of aluminium cell, artificially stretch one's legs 2 and the surface of side wall carbon block 3All spray coal tar oil reservoir 4;
Cover again the air tight film of one deck on the surface of described coal tar oil reservoir 4;
On described air tight film, cover and prevent the pressure layer that described air tight film moves.
The aluminium cell providing by the embodiment of the present invention stops cathode protecting process after groove, energyEnough extend the service life of aluminium cell. Coal tar is the rough coal that coking industry pyrolysis of coal generatesOne of product in gas, its product is black viscous fluid shape, common use at normal temperatures and pressuresIn way, also setting it as fuel uses. In the present invention, coal tar sprayed and repairingThe cathode surface of aluminium cell, make its by the cathode carbon pieces group 1 of aluminium cell, artificially stretch one's legs 2Protect completely with the surface of side wall carbon block 3, tentatively completely cut off oxygen and moisture to aluminium electricitySeparate the erosion of the negative electrode of groove. Meanwhile, for the surface coverage one deck permeation-proof at coal tar oil reservoir 4Gas film, has further stoped the erosion of oxygen to aluminium electrolytic cell cathode. Afterwards, for anti-Stop air tight film sliding, can be at the convenient mobile weight of the attached one deck of its surface pressure. Pass throughAfter this three-layer protection, the negative electrode of the aluminium cell after maintenance between deadtime, its completely withOxygen and moisture are isolated, can prevent the erosion for cathode surface of oxygen and moisture.
When starting aluminium cell uses, remove being pressed in surperficial pressure layer, by air tight filmRemove, afterwards, in use, because the negative electrode of aluminium cell can at high temperature use, andCan be heated to 700-800 DEG C, maximum temperature can reach 900 DEG C, at high temperature, spraysThe coal tar meeting completing combustion of cathode surface also vapors away, and can normally use afterwards.
Prove by use-case, do not repair through guard method protection provided by the present inventionAfter the negative electrode of aluminium cell, its in follow-up use because be exposed to for a long time in air,Negative electrode is corroded by airborne moisture and oxygen, in the use procedure of follow-up half a year, at heightUnder temperature and extraneous stronger pressure-acting, the negative electrode of aluminium cell can obviously occur that negative electrode is de-Layer, face checking phenomenon, and also the probability of cathodic delamination reaches 50%-55%, face checkingPhenomenon reaches 72%-75%. And the probability of the delamination of the negative electrode of aluminium cell after overprotectionBe zero, face checking phenomenon reduces 70% within six months, and, the repairing of aluminium cellMend number of times and obviously reduce, stop groove frequency by before 10% be reduced to 2%, greatly savedFettling cost and not groove cost.
For in can reaching the negative electrode of protection aluminium cell, in the time of follow-up use,Can too much not affect because of the coal tar spraying the use of aluminium cell, can make to sprayThe thickness of coal tar oil reservoir 4 be 2-5mm, be preferably 3mm.
After reducing final burning completely, the pollution of the gas of volatilization to environment, canControl every 1cm2The amount of the coal tar spraying is 3mg/cm2-5mg/cm2。
In order further to improve the antioxidant effect of protective layer, can on coal tar oil reservoir 4, coverLid layer oxidation barrier film, oxidation barrier film covers on described coal tar oil reservoir 4, described anti-Breathable films covers on described oxidation barrier film.
The low radiation anti-oxidant metal layer of one deck can also be set on coal tar oil reservoir 4, this low spokePenetrate anti-oxidant metal layer and can stop the radiation of sunshine for coal tar oil reservoir 4, and then playThe object of protection coal tar oil reservoir 4.
In order to reach the object of the negative electrode of protecting electrolytic cell, can save cost simultaneously,Preferably, described air tight diaphragm is plastic foil 5.
Can play the effect of ballast in order to make to be pressed in pressure layer on air tight film, can also easily move, and cost is low, be the product that is easy to get meanwhile, and described pressure layer can selectBe selected as alumina powder layer 6 or high alumina cinder layer, be preferably alumina powder layer 6, because ofFor it can also recycling.
Embodiment 1:
The surface of the negative electrode of described aluminium cell, artificial stretch one's legs 2 and side wall carbon block 3 on allSpray the coal tar oil reservoir 4 of 2mm, wherein, every 1cm2The amount of the described coal tar spraying is5mg/cm2. After coal tar oil reservoir 4 is dry, cover again one deck on the surface of coal tar oil reservoir 4Plastic foil, on plastic foil, capping oxidation aluminium powder presses lamination good afterwards.
When use, reclaim alumina powder and press layer, remove plastic foil, directly by aluminium oxide electricitySeparating groove is applied in electrolytic industry.
Embodiment 2:
The cathode surface of described aluminium cell, artificial stretch one's legs 2 and side wall carbon block 3 on all spraysCover the coal tar oil reservoir 4 of 5mm, wherein, every 1cm2The amount of the described coal tar spraying is3mg/cm2. After coal tar oil reservoir 4 is dry, cover again one deck on the surface of coal tar oil reservoir 4Oxidation barrier film, then on oxidation barrier film plastic covering film, on plastic foil, cover afterwardsAlumina powder presses lamination good.
When use, reclaim alumina powder and press layer, remove plastic foil and oxidation barrier film, straightConnect alumina electrolysis bath is applied in electrolytic industry.
Specific embodiment:
168 240KA aluminium cells of Aluminum Industry In Guangxi company.
After stopping groove repairing, groove thorax is cleaned out, in the cathode carbon pieces group of electrolytic cell1 surface, artificial stretch one's legs 2 and side wall carbon block 3 on spray one deck coal tar; Spray coal tarAfter oil, then the surface of cathode carbon pieces group 1, artificial stretch one's legs 2 and side wall carbon block 3 on layOne deck plastic foil 5; Finally on plastic foil 5, spill one deck alumina powder 6 and cover, wait forElectrolytic cell puts into operation.
In the six months that above electrolytic cell puts into operation, cathodic delamination accident by before 98Platform is reduced to the negative electrode generation delamination accident of none aluminium cell;
Face checking phenomenon is reduced to 12 by before 128, reduces 70% than before.
Wherein the aluminium cell of low-level cracking is 10, and the penetration of fracture of cracking is0.01mm-0.03mm; The aluminium cell of serious cracking is 2, and the penetration of fracture of cracking is1-2mm。
The repairing number of times of electrolytic cell obviously reduces, and stops groove frequency and significantly reduces, 168 aluminiumThe nearly tempus semestre of electrolytic cell only stops 2 of grooves, has greatly saved fettling cost and groove and has accomplished this.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention,For a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. AllWithin the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc.,Within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. aluminium cell stops cathode protecting process after groove, it is characterized in that, comprises following stepRapid:
The cathode carbon pieces group of aluminium cell, artificial stretch one's legs and the surface of side wall carbon block all spraysCoal tar oil reservoir;
Cover again the air tight film of one deck on the surface of dried described coal tar oil reservoir;
On described air tight film, cover and prevent the pressure layer that described air tight film moves.
2. aluminium cell according to claim 1 stops cathode protecting process after groove, itsBe characterised in that,
The thickness of described coal tar oil reservoir is 2-5mm.
3. aluminium cell according to claim 1 stops cathode protecting process after groove, itsBe characterised in that,
Also comprise oxidation barrier film;
Described oxidation barrier film covers on described coal tar oil reservoir, and described air tight film coversOn described oxidation barrier film.
4. aluminium cell according to claim 1 stops cathode protecting process after groove, itsBe characterised in that,
Described air tight film is plastic foil.
5. aluminium cell according to claim 1 stops cathode protecting process after groove, itsBe characterised in that,
Described pressure layer is alumina powder layer or blast furnace coal slag blanket.
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| CN201410115992.2A CN103981539B (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-03-26 | Aluminium cell stops cathode protecting process after groove |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410115992.2A CN103981539B (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-03-26 | Aluminium cell stops cathode protecting process after groove |
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| CN103981539A CN103981539A (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| CN103981539B true CN103981539B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0393817A1 (en) * | 1989-02-20 | 1990-10-24 | Comalco Aluminium, Ltd. | Cathode protection in aluminium-smelting cells |
| CN1053623A (en) * | 1991-03-16 | 1991-08-07 | 赵声吉 | Contain sandwiched layer of hemp fiber, elastic water-proof coiled material and method for making |
| CN101725106A (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2010-06-09 | 江其超 | Construction method for asphalt road protection |
| CN101736364A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-06-16 | 东北大学 | Roasting-starting method of aluminium reduction cell with bulge-structure cathode |
| CN102912383A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-06 | 南京工业大学 | Method for manufacturing porous nickel powder by electro-deposition of Ni-Al-Mg-Li alloy |
| CN103290430A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-09-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Preparation method of anode steel claw protection ring for electrolytic aluminum |
-
2014
- 2014-03-26 CN CN201410115992.2A patent/CN103981539B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0393817A1 (en) * | 1989-02-20 | 1990-10-24 | Comalco Aluminium, Ltd. | Cathode protection in aluminium-smelting cells |
| CN1053623A (en) * | 1991-03-16 | 1991-08-07 | 赵声吉 | Contain sandwiched layer of hemp fiber, elastic water-proof coiled material and method for making |
| CN101725106A (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2010-06-09 | 江其超 | Construction method for asphalt road protection |
| CN101736364A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-06-16 | 东北大学 | Roasting-starting method of aluminium reduction cell with bulge-structure cathode |
| CN102912383A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-06 | 南京工业大学 | Method for manufacturing porous nickel powder by electro-deposition of Ni-Al-Mg-Li alloy |
| CN103290430A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-09-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Preparation method of anode steel claw protection ring for electrolytic aluminum |
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Address after: 533011 Liutang, Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee after: Guangxi Baise Yinhai Aluminium Corp. Address before: 533000 Guangxi Baise Yinhai Aluminum Industry Co., Ltd., Liutang Town Industrial Park, Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee before: GUANGXI BAISE YINHAI ALUMINUM Co.,Ltd. |