CN103980242B - The method of Moringa flavones is extracted from leaf of Moringa - Google Patents

The method of Moringa flavones is extracted from leaf of Moringa Download PDF

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CN103980242B
CN103980242B CN201410178030.1A CN201410178030A CN103980242B CN 103980242 B CN103980242 B CN 103980242B CN 201410178030 A CN201410178030 A CN 201410178030A CN 103980242 B CN103980242 B CN 103980242B
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extraction
moringa
medicinal extract
subcritical
extract
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CN103980242A (en
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丁辉
刘骋
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Tianjin University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D311/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
    • C07D311/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D311/04Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
    • C07D311/22Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4
    • C07D311/26Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
    • C07D311/28Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only
    • C07D311/30Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only not hydrogenated in the hetero ring, e.g. flavones
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D311/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
    • C07D311/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D311/04Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
    • C07D311/22Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4
    • C07D311/26Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
    • C07D311/40Separation, e.g. from natural material; Purification

Abstract

The present invention relates to the method extracting Moringa flavones from leaf of Moringa; 1) Moringa blade drying cartridge is entered to filter in basket, drop in subcritical abstraction still, airtight extraction kettle; Then add organic extractant, be warming up to extraction liquid in subcritical abstraction still and be in subcritical state; Extract extraction liquid and drop into solvent recuperation still, decompression and solvent recovery, obtains blackish green medicinal extract; 2) add in medicinal extract and use water saturated n-butanol extraction; Use centrifuge, collect extraction phase; Extraction phase Rotary Evaporators is evaporated to brown color medicinal extract; 3) by macroporous resin column on brown color medicinal extract, then press the polarity of elutriant with elutriant ascending, gradient elution, detects, get the cut that flavones content is greater than 97% and be concentrated into dry powder, obtain with methyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol recrystallization the flavonoid product that purity is more than 98%.Product foreign matter content is few and biological activity is high, and subcritical fluid extraction technology extraction efficiency is high, the operational cycle is short, energy-and time-economizing, the extraction agent rate of recovery are high.

Description

The method of Moringa flavones is extracted from leaf of Moringa
Technical field
The invention belongs to Separation of Natural Products purification field, relate to the extracting method of biologically active substance flavones in Moringa, relate to sub critical extraction technology, is the method for biologically active substance in a kind of fine separation Moringa.
Background technology
Moringa (MoringaoleiferaLam), belongs to Capparales Moringaceae, also known as drumstick tree, does not extremely set, and originates in the sub-Himalaya region of northern India and Africa, is extensively distributed in the state such as India, Pakistan.Moringa is nutritious, and calcareous contained by Moringa tree is four times of milk, and potassium is three times of banana, and iron is three times of spinach, and vitamin C is seven times of citrus, and Vitamin A is four times of Radix Dauci Sativae.The nutritive substance such as several mineral materials, VITAMIN that Moringa blade, fruit pod contain, makes it have the function of Dietotherapy health as food consumption, also can be used for the aspects such as medicine, health care, industry, be described as " tree of mystery ", " Tree of Life ".Moringa tree is a kind of health plant (food) emerging America and Europe in recent years, is known as high calcium, high protein, high microsteping, low lipid, and has the effects such as physical strength reinforcing, treatment anaemia, suppression germ, expeling parasite.
Flavonoid substances, as the important class of biologically active substance, serves vital effect in edible, the pharmaceutical use of Moringa.Flavonoid compound makes a general reference two phenyl ring with phenolic hydroxyl group by the interconnected a series of compounds of central thricarbon atom, and its basic parent nucleus is 2-phenyl chromone.It is a kind of very strong oxidation inhibitor, can oxyradical effectively in purged body, stops the degeneration of cell, aging, also can stop the generation of cancer.The method of extracting and developing biologically active substance from Moringa, now widely used is solvent-extraction process.This kind of method is by Moringa blade drying and crushing, and then with an organic solvent room temperature or heating and refluxing extraction, concentrating under reduced pressure, obtains the concentrated extract of biologically active substance enrichment.Bioactive ingredients in traditional method for extracting natural product is the work that a time consumption and energy consumption expends again solvent, also exist simultaneously and be extracted the shortcomings such as component damages is large, the operational cycle is long, energy consumption is high, operation is inconvenient, extraction yield is not high, the needs of modern production can not be adapted to, particularly in the leaching process of modernization Chinese herbal medicine effective ingredients, these shortcomings day by day manifest, and cause the significant wastage of human and material resources resource.
Subcritical fluids refers to some compound in temperature higher than its boiling point but lower than critical temperature, and pressure is lower than under the condition of its emergent pressure, this material existed with fluid form.Subcritical fluids has wetting property and the diffustivity of approximate supercutical fluid, does not but have so harsh temperature and pressure requirement.Select suitable material, can operate under lesser temps and pressure.These character are all conducive to extracting biologically active substance from natural product.
Subcritical fluid extraction (Sub-criticalFluidExtraction) technology, utilize subcritical fluids as extraction agent, in the pressurized vessel of airtight, anaerobic, low pressure, according to the similar principle mixed of organism, the diffusion in immersion process by material and extraction agent, reach target component diffusion transfer in solid materials in extraction agent, pass through the process of reduction vaporization again by extraction agent and object product separation, finally obtain a kind of novel extraction and the isolation technique of object product.Nineteen thirty-nine, the HenryRosenthal of the U.S. initiates and the rudimentary gaseous alkanes liquefied after compression is used for oil plant leaching, becomes the blank of subcritical extraction method.
The method using subcritical fluid extraction technology to compare conventional solvent heating and refluxing extraction has the following advantages: extraction rate is fast, extraction efficiency is high, the ethanol reflux extraction that the contrast institute such as Sun Ming swallow and Wang Yumei uses (extracts three times, the 1.5 hours time of each extraction), subcritical fluid extraction technology can shorten extraction time more than 2 times; Solvent-oil ratio is few, and the solvent of more than 97% can recycling use; Steep cencentration is high, greatly reduces the cost of post-processed; Extracting temperature is not high, is applicable to be that heat-sensitive material extracts; Continuous production is good, should be able to be suitable for the extensive consecutive production of modernization; Save energy, safe and reliable; Structure is simple, easy to operate.
The patent No. be 200910094239.9 Chinese patent disclose a kind of extraction from Moringa seed and draw nurse method of protein, the method is: moringa seeds powder and water are mixed, add enzyme, and after water-bath 12-48 hour, tune PH=7-9 value, centrifugal, gets supernatant liquid; After again adjusting supernatant liquor PH=10-12, abandon supernatant liquor, go precipitation.Moringa protein is after drying.The method is easy, easy to operate.But do not relate to the extraction of the biologically active substance such as flavones in Moringa.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of flavonoid biologically active substance method in high efficiency extraction Moringa.Use the method for subcritical fluid extraction, simple to operate, extraction time can be shortened, reduce solvent load, reduce energy consumption, extract yield and purity can be improved simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
From leaf of Moringa, extract the method for Moringa flavones, step is as follows:
1) Moringa blade is dry, pulverizing, loads in filter basket, drops in subcritical abstraction still, airtight extraction kettle, regulates vacuum tightness to 0.06 ~ 0.1Mpa in extraction kettle; Then add organic extractant, regulate solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5 ~ 20 (g/ml), be warming up to extraction liquid in subcritical abstraction still and be in subcritical state, extraction and recovery solvent, obtain blackish green medicinal extract;
2) what in blackish green medicinal extract, add 5 times of medicinal extract quality uses water saturated n-butanol extraction; Use centrifuge, collect extraction phase; By extraction phase Rotary Evaporators when vacuum tightness is 0.01 ~ 0.1Mpa, be evaporated to brown color medicinal extract;
3) by 2) macroporous resin column on gained brown color medicinal extract, then press the polarity of elutriant with elutriant ascending, gradient elution, detects, and gets the cut that flavones content is greater than 97% and is concentrated into dry powder.
Can continue to obtain with methyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol recrystallization the flavonoid product that purity is more than 98%.
Described step 1) methanol aqueous solution (v:v=7:3 ~ 10:0) that is preferably of organic extractant or aqueous ethanolic solution (v:v=7:3 ~ 10:0).
Described step 1) extraction and recovery solvent preferably, extracted 2 ~ 3 times by extraction liquid in extraction kettle, each extraction time is 0.5h ~ 4h, and each gained extraction liquid drops into solvent recuperation still, is decompressed to vacuum tightness 0.01 ~ 0.1Mpa recycling design.
Described subcritical abstraction equipment is subcritical abstraction suite of equipment.Preferred CBE-5L type subcritical abstraction still.
Described subcritical abstraction still preferable temperature is 80 ~ 200 DEG C, and pressure is 108kPa ~ 4048kPa.
Described drying means is preferably vacuum-drying or lyophilize.
Described macroporous resin is preferably 10 ~ 60 orders and the macroporous resins such as cleaned D101, AB-8 or X-5.
Described elutriant is preferably pure water, anhydrous methanol, dehydrated alcohol, methanol aqueous solution or/and aqueous ethanolic solution, and gradient elution speed is 0.2 ~ 4BV/h.
Described Moringa blade is dry, pulverizing is preferred to 100 ~ 700 orders.
The polarity that elutriant pressed by described elutriant is ascending, gradient elution, conventional following method can be adopted: by the order that polarity is descending, for water > anhydrous methanol > dehydrated alcohol, elutriant system is different according to proportioning opposed polarity, such as 99% water and 1% methanol-eluted fractions liquid system polarity are greater than the polarity of 50% water and 50% methanol-eluted fractions liquid system, gradient elution: by the composition and ratio to a certain degree constantly changing elutriant, to change elutriant polarity, detect, get the cut that flavones content is greater than 97% and be concentrated into dry powder, the flavonoid product that purity is more than 98% is obtained with methyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol recrystallization.
The Flavonoid substances that subcritical fluid extraction technology of the present invention is extracted in Moringa has the following advantages:
1. the method that extracts relative to conventional primary of the present invention, relate to the fine separation of biologically active substance in Moringa, is more conducive to giving full play to the effect of biologically active substance in Moringa.
2. subcritical fluid extraction technology has operational cycle short, energy-and time-economizing, the advantage such as easy and simple to handle, the ethanol reflux extraction that the contrast institute such as Sun Ming swallow and Wang Yumei uses extracts three times, the 1.5 hours time of each extraction, subcritical fluid extraction technology can shorten extraction time more than 2 times.
3. compare traditional extraction with aqueous solution, alcohol heating reflux extraction, subcritical fluid extraction technology extract flavonoid and saponins material impurities content is few, extraction yield is high, contrast Chen Rui is tender waits research, use the single-trial extraction rate of traditional ethanol extraction method 1.101%, subcritical fluid extraction technology single-trial extraction rate is namely up to 2.21%.
4. the extraction agent such as butane, dme that traditional subcritical fluid extraction technology of comparing uses, the present invention uses ethanol or methyl alcohol to make extraction agent, can the biologically active substance of alcohol dissolubility in more effective extraction Moringa.
5. extraction time short, the high decomposes that efficiently avoid flavonoid and saponins material in Moringa of extraction efficiency, fully remain the physiologically active of biologically active substance.
6. methyl alcohol, ethanol make extraction agent, recycle and reuse extraction agent, carry out gradient elution and recrystallization, decrease impurity introduction volume, and efficiency utilization extraction agent, economizes on resources.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: subcritical fluid extraction technology extracts the Flavonoid substances operational flowchart in Moringa.
Fig. 2: methyl alcohol subcritical fluid extraction technology and conventional extraction, supercritical fluid extraction operational zone schematic diagram.
Fig. 3: ethanol subcritical fluid extraction technology and conventional extraction, supercritical fluid extraction operational zone schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Be below the specific embodiment of the present invention, described embodiment is for further describing the present invention, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Get leaf of Moringa 1kg, pulverized 700 mesh sieves, load in filter frame, drop into CBE-5L type subcritical abstraction still, airtight extraction kettle, in adjustment extraction kettle, vacuum tightness is to 0.1Mpa, add methanol extraction agent, adjustment solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:20 (g:ml), regulates Extracting temperature 200 DEG C, extract pressure 4.048MPa, extract 3 times, extract 4h at every turn, extracting solution drops into solvent recuperation still, be decompressed to vacuum tightness 0.1Mpa recycling design, vacuum-drying, obtain blackish green medicinal extract.What in medicinal extract, add 5 times amount (in mass) uses water saturated n-butanol extraction; Use centrifuge, collect extraction phase; By extraction phase Rotary Evaporators when vacuum tightness is 0.01 ~ 0.1Mpa, be evaporated to brown color medicinal extract.Get D101 macroporous resin column on this medicinal extract, ascending by polarity with the ethanol-water elution liquid of volume ratio 50:50 ~ 99.9:0.1, gradient elution, detect, get the cut that flavones content is greater than 97%, be concentrated into dry powder, namely obtaining brass series products 26.7g purity for 4 times by recrystallizing methanol is 99.1%;
Embodiment 2
Get leaf of Moringa 0.9kg, pulverized 100 mesh sieves, load in filter frame, drop into subcritical abstraction still, airtight extraction kettle, in adjustment extraction kettle, vacuum tightness is to 0.06Mpa, add alcohol extraction agent, adjustment solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:5 (g:ml), regulates Extracting temperature 80 DEG C, extract pressure 0.108MPa, extract 2 times, extract 0.5h at every turn, extracting solution drops into solvent recuperation still, be decompressed to vacuum tightness 0.01Mpa recycling design, vacuum-drying, obtain blackish green medicinal extract.What in medicinal extract, add 5 times amount (in mass) uses water saturated n-butanol extraction; Use centrifuge, collect extraction phase; By extraction phase Rotary Evaporators when vacuum tightness is 0.01 ~ 0.1Mpa, be evaporated to brown color medicinal extract.Get AB-8 macroporous resin column on this medicinal extract, ascending by polarity with the ethanol-water of volume ratio 50:50 ~ 99.9:0.1, dehydrated alcohol elutriant, gradient elution, detect, get the cut that flavones content is greater than 97%, be concentrated into dry powder, namely obtaining brass series products 22.6g purity for 2 times by recrystallizing methanol is 98.1%;
Embodiment 3
Get leaf of Moringa 1.3kg, pulverized 500 mesh sieves, load in filter frame, drop into subcritical abstraction still, airtight extraction kettle, in adjustment extraction kettle, vacuum tightness is to 0.08Mpa, add alcohol extraction agent, adjustment solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:10 (g:ml), regulates Extracting temperature 100 DEG C, extract pressure 0.223MPa, extract 3 times, extract 2h at every turn, extracting solution drops into solvent recuperation still, is decompressed to vacuum tightness 0.1Mpa, recycling design, vacuum-drying, obtains blackish green medicinal extract.What in medicinal extract, add 5 times amount (in mass) uses water saturated n-butanol extraction; Use centrifuge, collect extraction phase; By extraction phase Rotary Evaporators when vacuum tightness is 0.01 ~ 0.1Mpa, be evaporated to brown color medicinal extract.Get AB-8 macroporous resin column on this medicinal extract, ascending by polarity with the Methanol-water of volume ratio 50:50 ~ 99.9:0.1, anhydrous methanol elutriant, gradient elution, detect, get the cut that flavones content is greater than 97%, be concentrated into dry powder, namely obtaining brass series products 28.5g purity for 4 times by recrystallizing methanol is 99.1%;
Embodiment 4
Get leaf of Moringa 1.4kg, pulverized 300 mesh sieves, load in filter frame, drop into subcritical abstraction still, airtight extraction kettle, in adjustment extraction kettle, vacuum tightness is to 0.09Mpa, add methanol extraction agent, adjustment solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:12 (g:ml), regulates Extracting temperature 120 DEG C, extract pressure 0.642MPa, extract 3 times, extract 2.5h at every turn, extracting solution drops into solvent recuperation still, be decompressed to vacuum tightness 0.1Mpa recycling design, vacuum-drying, obtain blackish green medicinal extract.What in medicinal extract, add 5 times amount (in mass) uses water saturated n-butanol extraction; Use centrifuge, collect extraction phase; By extraction phase Rotary Evaporators when vacuum tightness is 0.01 ~ 0.1Mpa, be evaporated to brown color medicinal extract.Get X-5 macroporous resin column on this medicinal extract 60g, with the ethanol-water of volume ratio 50:50 ~ 99.9:0.1, dehydrated alcohol elutriant by the ascending gradient elution of polarity, detect, get the cut that flavones content is greater than 97%, be concentrated into dry powder, namely obtaining brass series products 31.3g purity for 3 times by recrystallizing methanol is 98.9%.

Claims (5)

1. from leaf of Moringa, extract the method for Moringa flavones, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) Moringa blade is dry, pulverizing, loads in filter basket, drops in subcritical abstraction still, airtight extraction kettle, regulates vacuum tightness to 0.06 ~ 0.1MPa in extraction kettle; Then add organic extractant, regulate solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5 ~ 20g/ml, be warming up to extraction liquid in subcritical abstraction still and be in subcritical state, extraction and recovery solvent, obtain blackish green medicinal extract; Described organic extractant is methyl alcohol than aqueous solution v:v=7:3 ~ 10:0 or ethanol than water v:v=7:3 ~ 10:0;
2) what in blackish green medicinal extract, add 5 times of medicinal extract quality uses water saturated n-butanol extraction; Use centrifuge, collect extraction phase; By extraction phase Rotary Evaporators when vacuum tightness is 0.01 ~ 0.1MPa, be evaporated to brown color medicinal extract;
3) by 2) macroporous resin column on gained brown color medicinal extract, then press the polarity of elutriant with elutriant ascending, gradient elution, detects, and gets the cut that flavones content is greater than 97% and is concentrated into dry powder; Described elutriant be methanol aqueous solution or/and aqueous ethanolic solution, gradient elution speed is 0.2 ~ 4BV/h.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described step 1) extraction and recovery solvent is, extracted 2 ~ 3 times by extraction liquid in extraction kettle, each extraction time is 0.5h ~ 4h, each gained extraction liquid drops into solvent recuperation still, is decompressed to vacuum tightness 0.01 ~ 0.1MPa recycling design.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described subcritical abstraction still temperature is 80 ~ 200 DEG C, pressure is 108kPa ~ 4048kPa.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that described drying means is vacuum-drying or lyophilize.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that described macroporous resin is 10 ~ 60 orders and the macroporous resin of cleaned D101, AB-8 or X-5.
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CN105623842A (en) * 2015-12-23 2016-06-01 天津大学 Method for subcritical extraction of moringa oleifera seed oil and method for testing location distribution of triglyceride in moringa oleifera seed oil
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