CN103979995A - Aluminium-silicon/aluminium-silicon carbide composite material, preparation method thereof and electronic packaging apparatus - Google Patents
Aluminium-silicon/aluminium-silicon carbide composite material, preparation method thereof and electronic packaging apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103979995A CN103979995A CN201410200847.4A CN201410200847A CN103979995A CN 103979995 A CN103979995 A CN 103979995A CN 201410200847 A CN201410200847 A CN 201410200847A CN 103979995 A CN103979995 A CN 103979995A
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Abstract
The invention provides an aluminium-silicon/aluminium-silicon carbide composite material, a preparation method thereof and an electronic packaging apparatus. The composite material comprises a laser welding layer and an aluminium-silicon carbide layer. The laser welding layer is disposed on the upper surface layer of the aluminium-silicon carbide layer. The laser welding layer is an aluminium-silicon material formed by spray deposition. According to the composite material, the upper surface layer of the aluminium-silicon carbide layer is synchronously integrated with the spray deposition aluminum-silicon layer with good laser welding properties. The oxygen content of the aluminum-silicon material layer obtained by spray deposition is not more than 1000*10<-6> and particles in the silicon phase are small in size and deeply connected with each other to form a net, and therefore the stability of laser welding seams of the composite material is enhanced and the composite material satisfies the requirements of micro-circuit module shell materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Electronic Packaging field, especially, relate to a kind of aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material and preparation method thereof, electronic packaging device.
Background technology
When microcircuit module packaging shell material therefor need to meet that high heat conductance, low density, the coefficient of expansion are mated with LTCC simultaneously, the requirement such as good mechanical property and processing characteristics, good laser welding characteristic, just can make encapsulated rear casing body reliability ensure to some extent.The while microcircuit module packaging shell material in process of production deflection of housing base plate can not be greater than 0.10mm.This packaging shell material mainly adopts the materials such as aluminium alloy, copper alloy, Covar, W/Cu alloy now.But aluminium alloy and the copper alloy coefficient of expansion are too high, Covar density is excessive and thermal conductivity is too low, although and W/Cu alloy thermal conductivity and the coefficient of expansion are all more satisfactory, expensive price and too high density, make again W/Cu alloy be difficult to meet whole requirements of microcircuit module packaging shell material.
Bell, Wu Shusen, Wan Li etc. are being published in " material Leader " 2008, 22 (2): in 13-17 " high SiCp or high Si content matrix material progress ", mention, high-volume fractional silicon-carbide particle reinforced aluminium-base composite material (being called for short aluminium silicon carbide material herein) and jet deposition high-volume-fraction Si reinforced aluminum matrix composites (being called for short jet deposition aluminium silicon materials herein) are two kinds of advanced composite materials that new development is got up, they have high heat conductance, the features such as low density and thermal expansivity can design are suitable for the encapsulating housing material as microcircuit module.
In prior art taking silico-carbo SiClx stratiform prefabricated component as raw material, the aluminium silicon-aluminum silicon carbide composite material preparing through vacuum pressure infiltration.But because the silicon phase surface in the aluminium silicon-aluminium silicon carbide packaged material top layer aluminium silicon that adopts vacuum pressure infiltration method to obtain exists zone of oxidation, and in gained aluminium silicon-aluminum silicon carbide composite material, silicon grain (opticmicroscope is organized as shown in Figure 1) is thick, exist a lot of particle diameters to be greater than the silicon grain of 100 μ m, the zone of oxidation on silicon grain surface and thick silicon grain, the weld seam reliability deficiency of cover plate and housing while causing encapsulating, cannot meet the needs of laser welding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material and preparation method thereof, electronic packaging device, the unsettled technical problem of weld seam when solving in prior art that electronic package shell and cover plate are by laser welding.
For achieving the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material, matrix material comprises laser welding layer and aluminium silicon carbide layer, and laser welding layer is positioned at the upper epidermis of aluminium silicon carbide layer; Laser welding layer is the aluminium silicon material layer forming through jet deposition.
Further, between laser welding layer silicon phase, be communicated with and oxygen level≤1000 × 10
-6; Laser welding layer silicon phase particle diameter≤100 μ m.
Further, mass percent≤55% of silicon in laser welding layer.
The preparation method that a kind of above-mentioned aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material is also provided according to a further aspect in the invention, comprises the following steps:
1) aluminium silicon material layer jet deposition being made is placed in silicon carbide prefabricated component end face, obtains composite prefabricated, and composite prefabricated is put into mould constant temperature preheating hours 2～3 hours at 550 DEG C～650 DEG C;
2) melting aluminum alloy;
3) vacuumize rear filling with inert gas to pressure be under 1.5MPa～2.0MPa constant temperature and pressure after 5 minutes～15 minutes to being pressurized to 8MPa～12MPa, obtain aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material.
Further, silicon carbide prefabricated component makes by dry method compression molding or powder injection-molded method, and the density of silicon carbide prefabricated component is 1.75g/cm
3～2.07g/cm
3.
A kind of electronic packaging device is also provided according to a further aspect in the invention, has comprised housing and cover plate, the fence that housing comprises base plate and arranges around base plate, in matrix material, at least fence is above-mentioned aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material.
Further, housing has rectangular configuration; The sidewall of fence and base plate are aluminium silicon carbide layer, in housing, cavity length≤75mm in 60mm < housing, 35mm < housing inner chamber width≤50mm, ratio≤2 of the interior cavity length of housing and the inner chamber width of housing, and the thickness≤2.0mm of 1.5mm≤base plate.
Further, be 22～55% as siliceous mass percent in the laser welding layer of the aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material of fence, surplus is aluminium.
Further, cover plate is that siliceous mass percent is 22%～29% jet deposition aluminium silicon materials.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Matrix material provided by the invention is by the synchronous integrated jet deposition aluminium silicon carbide layer with good laser welding characteristic of copper on aluminium silicon carbide.Aluminium silicon material layer oxygen level≤1000 × 10 that obtain due to jet deposition
-6, and silicon grain particle diameter is little and each other the degree of depth be connected to form nettedly, improved the stability of the laser welding weld seam of gained matrix material, can meet the requirement of microcircuit module case material.
Except object described above, feature and advantage, the present invention also has other object, feature and advantage.Below with reference to figure, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing that forms the application's a part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the optical microstructure of aluminium silicon materials figure in aluminium silicon-aluminum silicon carbide composite material in background technology;
Fig. 2 is the figure of optical microstructure of the jet deposition aluminium silicon materials of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the electronic seal device cross sectional representation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the electronic package shell schematic perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is preferred embodiment of the present invention vacuum pressure infiltration used aluminising process schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the micro-process flow for assembling figure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; And
Fig. 7 is the schematic top plan view of the electronic package shell of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the side-looking cross-sectional schematic of the electronic package shell of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Marginal data:
1, aluminium silicon carbide layer; 11, housing; 12, fence; 13, base plate; 2, laser welding layer; 3, chip; 4, cover plate; ; 5, low-temperature co-fired ceramic substrate; 51, high-temperature brazing material; 6, coaxial connector; 7, the low temperature brazing bed of material; 70, body of heater; 71, vacuum-pumping tube; 72, filling with inert gas mouth; 73, upper chamber; 74, lower chamber; 75, dividing plate; 731, composite prefabricated; 732, silicon carbide prefabricated component; 733, mould; 734, the first hot-plate; 735, liquid guiding tube; 741, elevating lever; 742, aluminium liquid; 743, crucible; 744, the second hot-plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated, but the multitude of different ways that the present invention can be defined by the claims and cover is implemented.
Electronic packaging device refers to shell used when unicircuit built-in chip is installed herein, can play security protection fixing seal, the effect of Protective IC built-in chip.
The aluminium silicon materials silicon grain size that spray deposition obtains is little, oxygen level≤1000 × 10
-6, can improve the stability of laser welding weld seam.Thereby the present invention is by adopting the aluminium silicon materials that obtain of spray deposition as laser welding layer, the impact of the zone of oxidation of avoiding using the aluminium silicon materials surface that additive method prepares on laser welding weld joint stable.
The invention provides a kind of aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material, matrix material comprises laser welding layer 2 and aluminium silicon carbide layer 1, and laser welding layer 2 is positioned at the upper epidermis of aluminium silicon carbide layer 1; Laser welding layer 2 is the aluminium silicon material layer forming through jet deposition.
Models of Spray Deposition can be divided into substantially metal melt release, the atomization of liquid stream, atomizing droplet flight, mist droplet deposition and lithosomic body and solidify double teacher, and whole process is carried out under inert atmosphere.In Models of Spray Deposition, the aluminium silicon that jet deposition obtains is with 10
2k/s～10
4the speed of K/s is cooling.In prepared aluminium silicon materials, tiny, the homogeneous microstructure of silicon phase particle, can suppress the both macro and micro segregation in high-alloying material, is conducive to physicals and mechanical property that material obtains.After conventional subsequent disposal (as hot isostatic pressing, forge hot etc.) is eliminated form in deposition process a small amount of loose, just obtain fine and close jet deposition aluminium silicon blank.Aluminium silicon materials can be commercially available aluminium silicon, but this aluminium silicon is necessary for by spray deposition and makes.Contriver finds that by contrast experiment, in numerous aluminium silicon materials, the aluminium silicon materials that jet deposition obtains have good laser welding characteristic, can ensure that weld seam is stable under tens of time temperature cycle conditions not ftracture.
Preferably also need when buying aluminium silicon materials to filter out and between the each silicon grain of aluminium silicon materials, form network and connect and (as shown in Figure 2,, for the edge of the silicon grain of each projection merges connection mutually, compare a small amount of connection of silicon grain in Fig. 1 by opticmicroscope.), each silicon grain particle diameter≤100 μ m also will measure oxygen level≤1000 × 10 in aluminium silicon materials simultaneously
-6, just can be used as laser welding layer and use.Afterwards according to the dimensioned of laser welding layer.Jet deposition aluminium silicon materials adopt inductively coupled plasma spectrum analyzer to measure, its oxygen level≤100 × 10
-6, show almost non-oxidation rete of jet deposition gained aluminium silicon materials silicon phase surface.The aluminium silicon materials that spray deposition makes are due to its tiny silicon grain with without surface oxide layer, thereby have good laser welding characteristic, are suitable for using as laser welding layer.
Aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 can be conventional aluminium silicon carbide material, and the volume percent that preferably adopts SiC is 55%～60%, the aluminium silicon carbide material that surplus is aluminum or aluminum alloy.The coefficient of expansion of the coefficient of expansion of this aluminium silicon carbide material and laser welding layer 2 aluminium silicon materials matches, and while making to assemble electronic devices and components, housing 11 is out of shape little, and tolerance extreme environment ability is strong.
Matrix material plays the effect of holding with electronic components such as holding circuit plates, and laser welding layer plays the effect that matrix material is connected with other materials, thereby laser welding layer is arranged to the upper epidermis of aluminium silicon carbide layer 1.
The coefficient of expansion of jet deposition aluminium silicon materials is with the increase of silicone content wherein and reduce gradually, and Young's modulus increases gradually, and fusing point increases gradually, and material fracture toughness reduces gradually, laser welding characteristic variation gradually.In the time that the mass percent of silicon in jet deposition aluminium silicon exceedes 55%, when laser welding, commissure easily cracks, and in use laser welded seam place easily cracks.Thereby mass percent≤55% of silicon in the jet deposition aluminium silicon preferably using as laser welding layer 2.Preferably in jet deposition aluminium silicon when mass percent≤30% of silicon, when microelectronics assembling, housing laser welding reliability is the highest.In welding process, housing bottom deflection minimum.
Another invention of the present invention also provides the preparation method of matrix material, comprises the following steps:
1) aluminium silicon material layer jet deposition being made is placed in silicon carbide prefabricated component end face, obtains composite prefabricated 731, and composite prefabricated is put into mould constant temperature preheating 2 hours～3 hours at 550 DEG C～650 DEG C;
2) melting aluminum alloy obtains aluminium liquid 742;
3) vacuumize rear filling with inert gas to constant temperature and pressure under pressure 1.5MPa～2.0MPa after 5 minutes～15 minutes again cooling be pressurized to 8MPa～12MPa, obtain aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material.
The method is undertaken by vacuum pressure infiltration stove.Vacuum pressure infiltration furnace structure is referring to Fig. 5, and vacuum pressure infiltration stove comprises body of heater 70 and is installed on vacuum-pumping tube 71 and the filling with inert gas mouth 72 at body of heater 70 tops.In the middle of body of heater 70 inwalls, dividing plate 75 is installed.Body of heater 70 inner chambers are divided into 73He Xia chamber, upper chamber 74 by dividing plate 75.Separated in dividing plate 75, the inner wall edge place of dividing plate 75 is provided with the first hot-plate 734.The stainless mould 733 of the interior placement of the first hot-plate 734.Mould 733 is top closure, and place of bottom centre is provided with the internal cavity structures of opening.In mould 733, put into composite prefabricated 731.Composite prefabricated 731 is made up of silicon carbide prefabricated component 732 and the laser welding layer 2 that is covered in silicon carbide prefabricated component 732 flange surroundings.The bottom surface of silicon carbide prefabricated component 732 is connected in the inner side, bottom surface of mould 733.In the mould 733 set openings in bottom, liquid guiding tube 735 is installed.Liquid guiding tube 735 extends from mould 733 downward chambers 74, bottom.Elevating lever 741 is installed on 74 bottom surfaces in lower chamber.On the platform of elevating lever 741 end faces, place crucible 743.The interior containing aluminum fluid 742 of crucible 743.The outside of crucible 743 is around the second hot-plate 744 is set.The second hot-plate 744 is installed on the platform of elevating lever 741 end faces.Crucible 743 and the aluminium liquid 742 of elevating lever 741 portabilities on its platform moves to liquid guiding tube 735.
While preparing matrix material, first by above-mentioned position, composite prefabricated 731 is placed in mould 733.Open the first hot-plate 734 upper chambers 73 of heating, make composite prefabricated 731 constant temperature preheating 2 hours～3 hours at 550 DEG C～650 DEG C, play the join effect of atom on interface of activation laser welding layer 2, improve reactive behavior, for the integrated diffusion of subsequent synchronisation ready.Meanwhile, open the second lower chamber 74 of hot-plate 744 heating, at 650 DEG C～720 DEG C, constant temperature obtains aluminium liquid 742 by the aluminium alloy in crucible 743 or aluminum metal fusing in 2 hours～3 hours.By vacuum-pumping tube 71, body of heater 70 is evacuated to vacuum tightness≤500Pa, prevents laser welding layer 2 and the aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 interface formation oxide film that joins.Use afterwards elevating lever 741 lifting crucibles 743, and be filled with rare gas element to body of heater 70 internal pressures simultaneously and reach 1.5MPa～2.0MPa, and constant temperature and pressure 5 minutes～15 minutes.By being forced in advance a less force value, can improve the linkage interface stability between laser welding layer 2 and aluminium silicon carbide layer 1, prevent the generation of gas leakage.If be directly pressurized to 10MPa, cannot ensure that in use resistance to air loss is good for interface between aluminium silicon laser welding layer and aluminium silicon carbide layer.Rare gas element can be for conventional rare gas element be as nitrogen, argon gas, helium etc.Close again the first hot-plate 734 and the second hot-plate 744.And continue to be filled with rare gas element, in body of heater 70, be pressurized to 8MPa～12MPa.Aluminium liquid 742 is flowed in mould 733 through liquid guiding tube 735 under pressure.Under pressure, aluminium liquid 742, by diffusing in the space of silicon carbide prefabricated component 732, makes aluminium silicon carbide layer 1.Meanwhile, aluminium liquid 742 produces and dissolves and diffusion with aluminium silicon laser welding layer 2.By pressing preheating temperature, temperature, body of heater 70 internal pressures and the aluminium liquid 742 of aluminium liquid 742 and the duration of contact of laser welding layer 2 etc. of above-mentioned condition control composite prefabricated 731, make aluminum substrate in silicon carbide prefabricated component 732 and laser welding layer 2 linkage interface place laser welding layer 2 and aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 form continuous distribution phase, thereby make to form metallurgical binding on the interface of aluminium silicon laser welding layer 2 and aluminium silicon carbide layer 1.Therefore the matrix material that adopts aforesaid method to prepare, the stable connection of laser welding layer 2 and aluminium silicon carbide layer 1, in the course of processing, deflection is little.Adopt aforesaid method the preparation of aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 and laser welding layer 2 can also have been synchronizeed with the connection of aluminium silicon carbide layer 1, enhance productivity, avoid the solder such as golden tin or Jin Zhe that uses price higher, reduce production cost, improved resistance to air loss and the reliability at jet deposition aluminium silicon materials and aluminium silicon carbide material bonding interface place.
After having permeated, after matrix material furnace cooling, remove mould 733 and obtain aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material.
Find by test, synchronously integrated even if the aluminium silicon that jet deposition obtains adopts aforesaid method to carry out, the silicon grain in aluminium silicon materials still keeps tiny state, does not affect the good laser welding characteristic that these aluminium silicon materials have.
Silicon carbide prefabricated component 732 can make by conventional dry method mould pressing method or powder injection-molded method, and the density of obtained silicon carbide prefabricated component 732 is 1.75g/cm3～2.07g/cm3.The aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 that the silicon carbide prefabricated component 732 of this density makes can meet the requirement that micro-joining is out of shape housing 11, can meet the requirement that Electronic Packaging can not be too high to housing 11 density simultaneously.
Aluminium alloy can be casting alloy for Al-Si herein, as ZL101, and ZL102 etc.; Also can be 6000 to be wrought aluminium alloy, as 6063 etc.; Can also be 3000 to be wrought aluminium alloy, as 3003 etc.
The working method of aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material can be the means such as Wire EDM, diamond wheel grinding, poly-diamond cutter milling, coating surface.
Taking sic raw material as starting material until complete micro-assembling, process flow sheet as shown in Figure 6.Micro-assembling herein refers to as microelectronic packaging technology, utilize soldering tech and fine interconnection technique, semiconductor components and devices and other integrant are fixed and are connected with layout on substrate at framework, draw terminals, and by laser welding process, housing is connected with cover plate, form integrally-built technique.
1) take silicon-carbide particle A (median size: 80 μ m): silicon-carbide particle B (median size: 14 μ m): polyvinyl alcohol solution: aluminium dihydrogen phosphate is 70: 30: 4.5 by weight: 2, with stirring kneader mixing granulation after 1 hour, be that under 100MPa, silicon carbide biscuit is made in extrusion forming at pressure, rise to 800 DEG C of constant temperature through 3 DEG C/min of speed and after sintering, obtain silicon carbide prefabricated component 732 in 1.5 hours, adopt wire cutting technology to process laser welding layer 2;
2) adopt above-mentioned vacuum pressure permeating method to make aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material;
3) gained matrix material is carried out to the plating that mechanical workout obtains the housing of desired shape and carries out surface of shell;
4) by micro-being assembled in housing such as low-temperature co-fired ceramic substrate, chip and coaxial connectors;
5) laser welding cover plate 4 and housing, obtain micromodule.
Above step all routinely technique carry out.The laser welding typical process of cover plate and housing is as follows: pulse-repetition 20Hz, power 100W, peak point current 180A, welding speed 150mm/ minute, laser beam overlap ratio 88～92%.Adopt this laser welding process can improve the fusion intensity of laser welding layer.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of electronic packaging device, this electronic packaging device comprises housing 11 and cover plate 4, the fence 12 that housing 11 comprises base plate 13 and arranges around base plate 13, in matrix material, at least fence 12 is above-mentioned aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material; Housing 11 has rectangular configuration; The sidewall of fence 12 and base plate 13 are aluminium silicon carbide layer 1.
In order to make to bring into play in the aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 of matrix material bottom the effect of containment circuit board, when making housing 11, matrix material can construct for the conventional arbitrarily housing that can hold electronic devices and components 11.As shown in Figure 3, aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 caves inward and forms housing 11 structure when preferred composite materials is used as housing 11.The surrounding of aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 projection forms fence 12.Housing base plate 13 is formed on the bottom of aluminium silicon carbide layer 1.When assembling unicircuit built-in chip, low-temperature co-fired ceramic substrate 5 is installed on the internal surface of base plate 13.Multiple high temperature brazing bed of materials 51 are set on the end face of low-temperature co-fired ceramic substrate 5.Chip 3 is installed on respectively on the high temperature brazing bed of material 51 and welds.On the sidewall of fence 12, arrange multiplely, coaxial connector 6 is inserted in through hole.The outside surface of coaxial connector 6 is by the low temperature brazing bed of material 7 and through-hole wall welding.Laser welding layer 2 is set on the end face of fence 12.Can exchange with high-temperature brazing material used and low temperature brazing material in the low temperature brazing bed of material 7, the high temperature brazing bed of material 51, use according to a conventional method.
In the time of needs sealed electronic element, cover plate 4 covers the open end-face of housing 11.Cover plate 4 can be any conventional Electronic Packaging cover plate.This cover plate can have for any and laser welding layer 2 material of good welds characteristic, as aluminium alloy, jet deposition aluminium silicon or aluminium alloy/aluminium silicon carbide composite decking etc.
After assembly function debugging, adopt laser welding that cover plate 4 is soldered to closure casing 11 on laser welding layer 2.
If it is excessive that encapsulation process middle shell 11 is out of shape, housing 11 can not adapt to the requirement of extreme Working environment to packaging system stability in follow-up use procedure.Thereby in the time that this aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material is used as to microcircuit module housing 11 packaged material, need the deflection≤0.10mm of the base plate 13 that ensures production process middle shell 11.The present invention, by controlling the size of housing 11, adopts the aluminium silicon carbide material of the different coefficients of expansion to mate with laser welding layer 2 and cover plate 4, thereby by the deflection≤0.10mm of base plate 13 in the whole process of encapsulating housing 11.Find that by test when the length of internal cavity of housing 11 and the increase of width, the coefficient of expansion difference between laser welding layer 2 and aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 need reduce gradually, the deflection of production process middle shell base plate 13 could be controlled in 0.10mm.
Housing has rectangular configuration.The rectangular configuration that has herein refers to that housing inner chamber can be spliced by multiple different rectangles.Or can comprise the structures such as step.As long as the inner chamber of housing has longest edge as length, minor face is as wide.Illustrate, as shown in FIG. 7 and 8, the length of its middle shell inner chamber refers to the length that L is represented, and the wide of housing inner chamber is the represented length of W.The thickness of base plate is the represented length of H.Preferably, cavity length≤75mm in 60mm < housing, 35mm < housing inner chamber width≤50mm, the interior cavity length of housing and ratio≤2 of inner chamber width, and the thickness≤2.0mm of 1.5mm≤base plate, housing laser welding layer is that siliceous mass ratio is 22%～55% jet deposition aluminium silicon, and cover plate is that siliceous mass ratio is 22%～29% jet deposition aluminium silicon, can make microcircuit module production process middle shell base plate 13 distortion all≤0.10mm.It is 25%～29% jet deposition aluminium silicon that preferred housing laser welding layer and cover plate are siliceous mass ratio, now effect optimum.
Preferably jet deposition aluminium silicon is 0.8mm～1.6mm as the thickness of laser welding layer, in guarantee microcircuit module production debug process, laser welding layer can bear the processing of uncapping for three times like this, can not cause owing to repeatedly uncapping laser welding layer to cross thin and cannot continue welding.
Preferably the mass percent of the aluminium silicon carbide silicon carbide of the base plate 13 of housing is 55%～65%, and surplus is aluminum or aluminum alloy.The coefficient of expansion of aluminium silicon carbide is with the increase of carborundum content wherein and reduce gradually.The inner chamber of aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 can make by arbitrarily conventional forming method, as mechanical cutting or near-net-shape.Preferably the inner chamber of aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 is adopted to near-net-shape, because aluminium silicon carbide hardness is higher, serious to the tool wear in mechanical processing process, be unsuitable for mechanical workout.Adopt near-net-shape can reduce the loss to cutter in aluminium silicon carbide layer 1 course of processing.
Embodiment
In following examples, material used is commercially available.The aluminium silicon materials that commercially available spray deposition makes, need detect and determine that between each silicon grain, forming network connects through opticmicroscope, silicon phase particle size≤100 μ m and oxygen level≤1000 × 10
-6can use.
Embodiment 1
1) preparation of silicon carbide prefabricated component
Take silicon-carbide particle (median size: 63 μ are 100g, polyvinyl alcohol solution 20g and aluminium dihydrogen phosphate 4.5g m), with stirring kneader mixing granulation after 1 hour, be the tabular silicon carbide biscuit that under 100MPa, 70mm × 40mm × 10mm size is made in extrusion forming at pressure, rise to 800 DEG C of constant temperature through 3 DEG C/min of speed and within 1.5 hours, after sintering, obtain silicon carbide prefabricated component blank, its density is 1.75g/cm3.Adopt numerical control milling Milling Process in 70mm × 40mm plane to go out 61mm × 40mm × 1.5mm groove.
2) preparation of laser welding layer
(siliceous mass percent is 55% to jet deposition aluminium silicon materials, and silicon grain particle diameter is on average about 90 μ m, and oxygen level is 900 × 10
-6) processing growth 60.4mm × wide 39.6mm × thick 1.45mm plate.
3) preparation of matrix material
Laser welding is placed on above-mentioned silicon carbide prefabricated component groove and is then assembled in stainless steel mould.In vacuum pressure infiltration stove, above-mentioned stainless steel mould is placed in to upper chamber and is heated to 550 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours; Put into lower chamber crucible using 3003 aluminium alloys as matrix and be heated to 650 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, obtaining aluminium liquid; Then while being evacuated to 400Pa, insert in crucible with elevating lever lifting crucible to liquid guiding tube, close vacuum high-pressure stopping valve, being filled with nitrogen makes body of heater internal pressure reach after 2MPa constant voltage and make He Xia chamber, chamber constant temperature 5 minutes again, close first, second hot-plate, continue to be filled with nitrogen and make body of heater internal pressure reach 12MPa.After stainless steel mould furnace cooling, take out, after die sinking, after mechanical workout, obtain 69mm × 39mm × 9mm aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material.
4) Performance Detection
The coefficient of expansion while measuring aluminum silicon carbide composite material sample (being of a size of: φ 4.5mm × 25mm) room temperature to 125 DEG C with dilatometer; Measure the thermal conductivity of aluminum silicon carbide composite material (being of a size of: φ 12.7mm × 3mm) room temperature with laser thermal conductivity coefficient measurement instrument; Measure the compactness of aluminum silicon carbide composite material (being of a size of: 15mm × 10mm × 1.5mm) with helium spectrum leak locator.The bending strength that adopts the method mensuration aluminum silicon carbide composite material sample of three-point bending with electronic universal tester, sample quantities is 12, is of a size of 4mm × 3mm × 40mm, and span is 30mm, and displacement of pressing head speed is 1mm/ minute.In-65 DEG C～85 DEG C intervals, after 100 temperature cycle, housing distortion value is 0.08mm.By the combination situation at observation by light microscope aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material interface.Detected result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 detected result
*metallurgical binding: mix each other between interfacial layer metal.
Embodiment 2
1) preparation of silicon carbide prefabricated component
Take silicon-carbide particle A (median size: 80 μ are 70g, silicon-carbide particle B (median size: 20 μ are 21g and silicon-carbide particle C (median size: 7 μ are 9g, polyvinyl alcohol solution 20g and aluminium dihydrogen phosphate 4.5g m) m) m), with stirring kneader mixing granulation after 1 hour, be the tabular silicon carbide biscuit that under 100MPa, 70mm × 40mm × 10mm size is made in extrusion forming at pressure, rise to 800 DEG C of constant temperature through 3 DEG C/min of speed and within 1.5 hours, after sintering, obtain silicon carbide prefabricated component blank, its density is 2.07g/cm3.Process the silicon carbide prefabricated component obtaining as shown in Figure 4 with numerical control milling.
2) preparation of laser welding layer
The aluminium silicon materials that laser welding layer obtains taking jet deposition are of a size of 63.50mm × 39.6mm as Raw material processing becomes outer shroud, and interior ring size is 61.2mm × 36.2mm, the laser welding layer that thickness is 1.4mm.In aluminium silicon materials used, siliceous mass percent is 42%, and silicon grain particle diameter is on average about 85 μ m, and oxygen level is 800 × 10
-6.
3) preparation of matrix material
After assembling laser welding layer on silicon carbide prefabricated component, be assembled in stainless steel mould.In vacuum pressure infiltration stove, above-mentioned stainless steel mould is placed in to upper chamber and is heated to 620 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, put into lower chamber crucible using ZL102 aluminium alloy as matrix and be heated to 750 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, obtain aluminium liquid; Then, while being evacuated to 100Pa, with closing vacuum high-pressure stopping valve after elevating lever lifting crucible, then being filled with nitrogen and making body of heater internal pressure rise to after 1.5MPa constant voltage and make He Xia chamber, chamber constant temperature 15 minutes.Close first, second hot-plate, be filled with nitrogen and make body of heater internal pressure rise to 8MPa, after stainless steel mould furnace cooling, take out.After die sinking, after mechanical workout, obtain composite material casing.
Press product drawing, after the mechanical workout such as grinding, numerical control milling and coating surface, obtain aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material housing.In above-mentioned housing, cavity length is 62mm, and inner chamber width is 37mm, and base plate bottom thickness is 1.6mm, and long-width ratio is 1.68, and laser welding layer material thickness is 1.2mm.In aluminium silicon carbide material, the mass percent of SiC is 65%, and surplus is aluminium alloy.
4) preparation of cover plate and the assembling of Electronic Packaging
Adopt the mechanical processing techniques such as line cutting, milling to prepare jet deposition aluminium silicon cover plate, the siliceous mass ratio of this cover plate is 27%.According to micro-packaging technology, low-temperature co-fired ceramic substrate, chip, coaxial connector are assembled and obtained assembly housing.
5) Performance Detection
Be 0.05mm through assembling back casing deflection.Adopt laser welding process by housing and cover plate welding, housing distortion value is 0.07mm, detects resistance to air loss by GJB548B-2005 method 1014.2A1, and its value is 2.6 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s, meets GJB548B-2005≤5.0 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s technical requirements.In-65 DEG C～85 DEG C intervals, after 100 temperature cycle, housing distortion value is 0.08mm.
Embodiment 3
1) preparation of silicon carbide prefabricated component
By silicon-carbide particle A (median size: 63 μ are 70g and silicon-carbide particle B (median size: 12 μ m) m), adopt injection molding technique to prepare silicon carbide prefabricated component biscuit as shown in Figure 4, after degreasing sintered, obtain silicon carbide prefabricated component, density is 1.97g/cm
3, its inner cavity size is 74mm × 49mm, and bottom thickness is 2.2mm, and groove is of a size of 79mm × 55mm × 1.4mm.
2) preparation of laser welding layer
The aluminium silicon materials that make taking spray-deposition method are raw material, are processed into outer shroud and are of a size of 78.40mm × 54.6mm, and interior ring size is 74.1mm × 49.1mm, the laser welding layer that thickness is 1.4mm.In aluminium silicon materials used, siliceous mass percent is 29%, and silicon grain particle diameter is on average about 75 μ m, and oxygen level is for being 850 × 10
-6.
3) preparation of matrix material
Laser welding layer and the assembling of silicon carbide prefabricated component are placed in stainless steel mould.In vacuum pressure infiltration stove, above-mentioned stainless steel mould is placed in to upper chamber and heats upper chamber to 630 DEG C constant temperature 2.5 hours.Put into lower chamber crucible using 6063 aluminium alloys as matrix and be heated to 720 DEG C of constant temperature 2.5 hours, obtain aluminium liquid.Then while being evacuated to 200Pa, with closing vacuum high-pressure stopping valve after elevating lever lifting crucible, then be filled with nitrogen, make body of heater internal pressure reach 1.8MPa constant voltage constant temperature 8 minutes.Close upper and lower chamber hot-plate, continue to be filled with nitrogen and make body of heater internal pressure reach 10MPa.After stainless steel mould furnace cooling, take out afterwards, after die sinking, obtain composite material casing.
Press product drawing, obtain aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material housing after the mechanical workout such as grinding, numerical control milling and coating surface, its inner cavity size is 75mm × 50mm, and intracavity bottom thickness is 1.9mm, and long-width ratio is 1.5, and laser welding layer thickness is 1.2mm.In aluminium silicon carbide material, the mass percent of SiC is 62%, and surplus is aluminium alloy.
4) preparation of cover plate and the assembling of Electronic Packaging
Adopt the mechanical processing techniques such as line cutting, milling to prepare jet deposition aluminium silicon cover plate, the siliceous mass ratio of this cover plate is 27%.
According to micro-packaging technology, low-temperature co-fired ceramic substrate, chip, coaxial connector are assembled.
5) Performance Detection
Be 0.06mm through assembling back casing deflection, adopt laser welding process by housing and cover plate welding, now housing distortion value is 0.09mm, detects resistance to air loss by GJB548B-2005 method 1014.2A1, and its value is 3.7 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s, meets GJB548B-2005≤5.0 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s technical requirements.In-65 DEG C～85 DEG C intervals, after 100 temperature cycle, housing distortion value is 0.08mm.
Embodiment 4
The interior cavity length that is obtained aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material housing with the difference of embodiment 1 is 75mm, and width is 50mm, and shell length is 2 with the ratio of housing width.Wherein in laser welding layer, siliceous mass percent is 22%.Cover plate is that siliceous mass percent is 22%.
Be 0.06mm through assembling back casing deflection, adopt laser welding process by housing and cover plate welding, now housing distortion value is 0.09mm, detects resistance to air loss by GJB548B-2005 method 1014.2A1, and its value is 3.7 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s, meets GJB548B-2005≤5.0 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s technical requirements.In-65 DEG C～85 DEG C intervals, after 100 temperature cycle, housing distortion value is 0.08mm.
Embodiment 5
Be that with the difference of embodiment 1 obtained aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material shell length is 61mm, width is 35mm, and base plate thickness is 1.5mm.
Be 0.06mm through assembling back casing deflection, adopt laser welding process by housing and cover plate welding, now housing distortion value is 0.09mm, detects resistance to air loss by GJB548B-2005 method 1014.2A1, and its value is 3.7 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s, meets GJB548B-2005≤5.0 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s technical requirements.In-65 DEG C～85 DEG C intervals, after 100 temperature cycle, housing distortion value is 0.08mm.
Embodiment 6
Be step 3 with the difference of embodiment 3) in the temperature of preheating silicon carbide prefabricated component be constant temperature 3 hours at 550 DEG C.Be 0.06mm through assembling back casing deflection, adopt laser welding process by housing and cover plate welding, now housing distortion value is 0.09mm, detects resistance to air loss by GJB548B-2005 method 1014.2A1, and its value is 3.7 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s, meets GJB548B-2005≤5.0 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s technical requirements.In-65 DEG C～85 DEG C intervals, after 100 temperature cycle, housing distortion value is 0.08mm.
Embodiment 7
Be step 3 with the difference of embodiment 3) in first the pressure in body of heater is increased to 2.0MPa constant voltage 5 minutes when inflated with nitrogen.Be 0.06mm through assembling back casing deflection, adopt laser welding process by housing and cover plate welding, now housing distortion value is 0.09mm, detects resistance to air loss by GJB548B-2005 method 1014.2A1, and its value is 3.7 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s, meets GJB548B-2005≤5.0 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s technical requirements.In-65 DEG C～85 DEG C intervals, after 100 temperature cycle, housing distortion value is 0.08mm.
Embodiment 8
Be step 3 with the difference of embodiment 1) in matrix used for fine aluminium.
Be 0.06mm through assembling back casing deflection, adopt laser welding process by housing and cover plate welding, now housing distortion value is 0.09mm, detects resistance to air loss by GJB548B-2005 method 1014.2A1, and its value is 3.7 × 10-3 (Pa.cm
3)/s, meets GJB548B-2005≤5.0 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s technical requirements.In-65 DEG C～85 DEG C intervals, after 100 temperature cycle, housing distortion value is 0.08mm.
Comparative example 1
Be not arrange jet deposition aluminium silicon laser welding layer with the difference of embodiment 2.
Assembling back casing deflection is 0.13mm, does not meet microcircuit module service requirements.
Comparative example 2
Be in step 3 with the difference of embodiment 2) in do not vacuumize not inflated with nitrogen pressurization yet.Under normal pressure, complete.Press GJB548B-2005 method 1014.2A4 and detect resistance to air loss, its value is 6.3 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s, does not meet GJB548B-2005 resistance to air loss and answers≤5.0 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s technical requirements, shows that laser welding layer is combined badly with aluminium silicon carbide bed interface place, has gap.
Comparative example 3
Be in step 3 with the difference of embodiment 3) be not first pressurized to 1.8MPa, but directly inflated with nitrogen is pressurized to 10MPa.Press GJB548B-2005 method 1014.2A4 and detect resistance to air loss, its value is 9.2 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s, does not meet GJB548B-2005 and answers≤5.0 × 10
-3(Pa.cm
3)/s technical requirements, shows that jet deposition aluminium silicon/aluminium silicon carbide interface is in conjunction with bad.
From above embodiment acquired results, the aluminium silicon making using jet deposition by method provided by the invention, as laser welder layer, can improve resistance to air loss, the reduction deflection of gained electronic package shell.The weld joint stable of cover plate and housing is reliable, and in-65 DEG C～85 DEG C intervals, after 100 temperature cycle, housing distortion value is 0.08mm.From comparative example 1, if not the aluminium silicon obtaining at jet deposition, as laser welding layer, the device deflection after assembling is excessive, cannot meet the needs of microelectronics Packaging.From comparative example 2～3, if carry out vacuum infiltration not according to method provided by the invention, on the laser welding layer of gained matrix material and the linkage interface of aluminium silicon carbide layer, there is slight crack, affect reliability of material.
These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material, described matrix material comprises laser welding layer and aluminium silicon carbide layer, described laser welding layer is positioned at the upper epidermis of described aluminium silicon carbide layer; It is characterized in that, described laser welding layer is the aluminium silicon material layer forming through jet deposition.
2. material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, between described laser welding layer silicon phase, is communicated with and oxygen level≤1000 × 10
-6; Described laser welding layer silicon phase particle diameter≤100 μ m.
3. material according to claim 2, is characterized in that, mass percent≤55% of silicon in described laser welding layer.
4. a preparation method for aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material described in any one in claim 1～3, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) aluminium silicon material layer jet deposition being made is placed in silicon carbide prefabricated component end face, obtains composite prefabricated, and described composite prefabricated is put into mould constant temperature preheating 2 hours～3 hours at 550 DEG C～650 DEG C;
2) melting aluminum alloy;
3) vacuumize rear filling with inert gas to pressure be under 1.5MPa～2.0MPa constant temperature and pressure after 5 minutes～15 minutes to being pressurized to 8MPa～12MPa, obtain described aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described silicon carbide prefabricated component makes by dry method compression molding or powder injection-molded method, and the density of described silicon carbide prefabricated component is 1.75g/cm
3～2.07g/cm
3.
6. an electronic packaging device, comprise housing and cover plate, the fence that described housing comprises base plate and arranges around base plate, is characterized in that, in described matrix material, at least described fence is the aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material described in any one in claims 1 to 3.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described housing has rectangular configuration; The sidewall of described fence and described base plate are aluminium silicon carbide layer, in described housing, cavity length≤75mm in housing described in 60mm <, housing inner chamber width≤50mm described in 35mm <, ratio≤2 of the interior cavity length of described housing and the inner chamber width of described housing, and the thickness≤2.0mm of 1.5mm≤described base plate.
8. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, is 22%～55% as siliceous mass percent in the laser welding layer of the aluminium silicon/aluminum silicon carbide composite material of described fence, and surplus is aluminium.
9. according to the device described in any one in claim 6～8, it is characterized in that, described cover plate is that siliceous mass percent is 22%～29% jet deposition aluminium silicon materials.
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