CN103972308B - 一种高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆 - Google Patents
一种高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆，其组分包括：球形铝粉、玻璃粉、铝硅合金粉、环烷酸锌以及有机载体。制备方法：将所有物料用强力搅拌机混合均匀后，经三辊研磨机分散至细度＜20um，得粘度25‑32pa.s的晶体硅光伏电池铝浆。本发明制备的铝浆制备铝背场时，工艺窗口宽，烧结后电池片翘曲低，电性能高、背场剥离强度在50N以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于晶硅光伏电池用电子浆料领域，涉及一种高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆料。
背景技术
随着太阳能电池制造技术的发展，对铝浆要求是，铝浆有良好的印刷性、导电性、耐侯性和耐化学性能，可与正面银浆、背面银浆共烧结，烧结后硅片附着力好，硅片翘曲低，铝模致密性好，无微裂纹，不起铝珠，光电转化率高。
目前，晶硅光伏电池行业为了节约材料、降低成本，硅片薄片化的趋势愈加明显，从而导致薄硅片的抗弯曲应力性能差，出现了引降低硅片厚度而带来的翘曲问题。在背面铝电极烧结形成后硅基片弯曲大，导致在组件生产过程中的碎片率增大。
申请人之前的发明专利，公开号CN102436865A，一种高光电环保型晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆，具体提供了一种高光电环保型晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆，其配方为：球形铝粉60份-80份，铋系玻璃粉0.5份-6份，无机添加剂0.5份-5份，有机载体15份-35份，有机添加剂0.5份-6份。混合均匀后，经三辊研磨机分散得粒度＜20μm，粘度35-45pa.s的太阳能电池铝浆。本发明制备的环保铝浆为无铅、汞、铬、钒、铊等重金属离子，以及不含苯、甲醇以及他们的化合物等有害物质的环保电子浆料，性能优越，欧姆接触好，电性能高。但是该专利并没有重点研究铝浆的背场剥离强度，目前常规铝浆的背场剥离强度在20N，随着组件厂家严格要求，部分厂家要求电池背场的附着力大于50N以上，有待研究一种新的铝浆，使得铝浆的背场剥离强度在50N以上。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本申请旨在提供一种高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆。本发明采用环烷酸锌作为添加剂，使铝浆烧结后，背场更加均匀、光滑、致密，极大程度提高了铝浆的粘附力，背场剥离强度在50N以上。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆，按照质量百分比计，组分和组分含量为：
优选，所述铝粉中粒径DN50≤6um，振实密度为1.30-1.48g/ml。
优选，所述玻璃粉为铋系玻璃粉，软化点在450℃-650℃，玻璃粉中粒径Dn50≤5um。玻璃粉不含Pb、Cd、Hg、Cr、Tl等金属或其化合物，符合欧盟的ROSH指令要求。
优选，所述铝硅合金粉中硅含量≥11％，铝硅合金粉中的中粒径Dn50≤6um。更优选为广州精研粉体公司生产的pf-001合金粉，硅含量为11％，合金粉的中粒径Dn50≤6um；
优选，所述环烷酸锌中有效成分≥8％，纯度99％以上。
优选，所述有机载体为聚合物溶解于有机溶剂中形成透明均匀的有机载体；所述聚合物为乙基纤维素、松香改性甘油酯、松香改性酚醛树脂、醇酸树脂、丙烯酸树脂中的一种或几种。
所述有机溶剂优选选自松油醇、丁基卡必醇、丁基卡必醇醋酸机、醇脂十二、苯甲醇、柠檬酸三丁酯、二价酸酯(DBE)中的一种或几种。
一种高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆的制备方法：将上述物料用强力搅拌机混合均匀后，经三辊研磨机分散至细度＜20微米，得粘度25-32pa·s的晶体硅光伏电池铝浆。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优势在于:
1、所述铝浆采用铝硅合金粉，降低铝浆系统的热膨胀系数；
2、所述铝浆采用环烷酸锌作为有机添加剂，烧结后，铝背场更加均匀、光滑细致，无掉粉等缺陷，背场剥离强度更高，在50N以上。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明，实施例中所述百分比均是指质量百分含量。
一、铝浆制备
1、玻璃粉制备
按照玻璃粉配方表1，将原料称量好，用混料机中混合均匀后，投入到高铝坩埚中，用厢式烧结炉300℃预热30分钟后，厢式烧结炉烧结2小时融化均匀后，投入到离子水中水淬，再用粉碎机粉碎到1mm左右玻璃体，最后行星球磨机球磨至5um，烘干后得所需铋系玻璃粉；
表1玻璃粉配方w％
| 序号 | 物资名称 | 型号规格 | 添加比例 | 实施例 |
| 1 | SiO2 | 分析纯 | 2-15％ | 8.00％ |
| 2 | Al2O3 | 分析纯 | 1-5％ | 3.00％ |
| 3 | ZnO | 分析纯 | 8-40％ | 28.00％ |
| 4 | Sb2O3 | 分析纯 | 5-15％ | 10.00％ |
| 5 | Na2O | 分析纯 | 0.5-3％ | 1.00％ |
| 6 | BaO | 分析纯 | 10-20％ | 10.00％ |
| 7 | Bi2O3 | 分析纯 | 20-45％ | 40.00％ |
| 8 | 合计 | 100.00％ | 100.00％ |
2、有机载体的制备
按照有机载体配方表2，将试验所需的有机物称取好后，投入到不锈钢反应釜中，转速30转/分，恒温95℃反应2小时，待聚合物完全溶解后冷却至室温、过滤、出料入库，得均匀透明有机载体；
表2有机载体配方w％
3、铝浆制备
(1)铝浆混合
按照下表3，分别将铝粉、玻璃粉、铝硅合金粉、环烷酸锌、有机载体等称取分别投入到双行星搅拌机中，预混合30分钟，转速60-80转/分；
(2)铝浆研磨
将混合好的铝浆在三辊研磨机上进行研磨10遍，得细度＜20微米的铝浆
(3)真空脱泡
将研磨好的铝浆用真空消泡机进行真空消泡，转速0-30转/分钟，真空度要求负压0.098Pa的，得粘度在32±5pa.s均匀、细腻铝浆成品；
表3铝浆配比(w％)
二、铝浆应用
将上述制备好的铝浆在湖南红太阳光电科技有限公司电池生产线上应用，156*156多晶硅片，印刷增重1.2-1.4g，烘干200℃，烧结峰值930℃；烧结后按照电池厂工艺进行测试分选，每个样品选出3片到组件车间，按照组件封装工艺进行封装，后用裁纸在背板上裁切10mm宽背板条，用0-100N数显拉力机进行剥离试验，试验测试结果如下表4：
表4电池片测试结果,
对比例1不含环烷酸锌，实施例1-3含有不同比例的环烷酸锌，从背场剥离强度看，环烷酸锌的添加，背场剥离强度明显增强。
以上实施例对本发明的实施方式作了描述，但这些实施方式仅是出于示例的目的而不是限制本发明。本领域技术人员可以在不背离本发明的范围和精神的前提下，对于具体实施方式进行变化和修改，均属于本发明所揭示下所完成的等效设计，且应该包含有本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆，其特征是，按照质量百分比计，组分和组分含量为：
铝粉 65%-75%
玻璃粉 0.5%-3%
铝硅合金粉 1%-5%
环烷酸锌 0.5%-1.5%
有机载体 20.5%-21.5%；且各组分质量百分含量之和等于100%；
所述铝粉中粒径DN50≤6um，振实密度为1.30-1.48g/ml；
所述玻璃粉为铋系玻璃粉，软化点在450℃-650℃，玻璃粉中粒径Dn50≤5um；
所述铝硅合金粉中硅含量≥11%，铝硅合金粉中的中粒径Dn50≤6um。
2.根据权利要求1所述高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆，其特征是，所述环烷酸锌中有效成分≥8%，纯度99%以上。
3.根据权利要求1所述高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆，其特征是，所述有机载体为聚合物溶解于有机溶剂中形成透明均匀的有机载体；所述聚合物为乙基纤维素、松香改性甘油酯、松香改性酚醛树脂、醇酸树脂、丙烯酸树脂中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求3所述高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆，其特征是，所述有机溶剂为松油醇、丁基卡必醇、丁基卡必醇醋酸机、醇脂十二、苯甲醇、柠檬酸三丁酯、二价酸酯中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1-3之一所述高附着力工业化晶体硅太阳能电池铝浆，其特征是，所述铝浆粘度为25-32pa·s。
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