CN103969245A - Vacuum photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer - Google Patents
Vacuum photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103969245A CN103969245A CN201410212895.5A CN201410212895A CN103969245A CN 103969245 A CN103969245 A CN 103969245A CN 201410212895 A CN201410212895 A CN 201410212895A CN 103969245 A CN103969245 A CN 103969245A
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- reading spectrometer
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- electron emitter
- direct reading
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer which comprises a vacuum photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer body, wherein the vacuum photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer body comprises an excitation spark light source for controlling an electrode excitation sample to emit a characteristic spectrum, a Hg lamp capable of generating a base body line, and a photomultiplier for converting a spectrum line strength into a current signal and amplifying a current. The vacuum photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer is characterized by further comprising a singlechip, a keyboard, a timer, a display and a power line switch, wherein the keyboard, the timer, the display and the power line switch are respectively connected with the singlechip, and the power line switch is connected with the excitation spark light source, the Hg lamp and the photomultiplier respectively. According to the vacuum photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer, the working time of the vacuum photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer can be set as required, and the situations that the service life is reduced and energy source is wasted due to long-term working are prevented. Furthermore, a housing of the photomultiplier is prevented from being overlong, so that the vacuum photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer is unlikely to be damaged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer.
Background technology
Photo-electric direct reading spectrometer is the fast quantitative analysis instrument of analyzing ferrous metal and non-ferrous metal composition.The many merits such as (relative error are about 1%) that has that analysis speed is fast, accuracy is high, be applicable to wider wavelength coverage, its photomultiplier is strong to signal amplifying power, can be with different enlargement ratios to the different spectral lines of power, differ and can reach 10000 times, and the range of linearity is wide, can do heavy contend analysis, as multiple matrix analyses such as Al, Pb, Mg, Zn, Sn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ti, Cu.Being widely used in metallurgy, machinery and other industrial sectors, carrying out on-line analysis before smelting furnace and the examination and test of products of centralab, is one of effective means of controlling product quality.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer, adopts vacuum system, argon gas controlled atmospher.When spark punctures between electrode 1, in the very thin conductive conduits of 1 formation of electrode, gas is ionized strongly, through series reaction, excited sample 2 is launched line-spectra (characteristic spectrum), and Hg lamp 3 produces matrix line (also referred to as internal standard line) for slit scan, convenient calibration.Spectral line is irradiated to incident concave mirror 6 through catoptron 4 from incidence window 5, luminous energy is mapped on concave grating 8 by entrance slit 7, light is resolved into spectrum line 11 by concave grating 8, each element in these spectrum line representative samples, and in the intensity of each element spectrum line and sample, the content of element is directly proportional, each element has a spectrum line 11 at least by exit slit 9, be mapped on photomultiplier 10, line strength is transformed into current signal amplified current by photomultiplier (being called for short PMT), it is a kind of photo-electric conversion element, measure-controlling unit and workstation interaction data are convenient to follow-up data processing and quantitative test.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of traditional photomultiplier, its structure is fairly simple comparatively speaking, but for multiple (general photomultiplier has 7～12) level electron emitter, the shell of PMT is oversize, because mostly the shell of PMT is glass structure, easily damage one-piece construction lower hardness.
In addition, in use, photomultiplier reaches steady-working state needs certain hour, generally about two hours, can not analyze at once after therefore connecting high pressure, otherwise will cause errors of analytical results too large.Current measure is exactly, and allow photomultiplier add high pressure always, and use tired lamp in running order for a long time by photomultiplier, obviously, the serviceable life of not only reducing photo-electric direct reading spectrometer, and the serious waste energy.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer, vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer is carried out to architecture advances, can set as required the working time of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer, avoid long-term in running order reduction serviceable life and waste energy.Further, avoid the outer cover length direction of photomultiplier long and cause easy damage.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer, comprise vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer body, described vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer body comprises exciting spark light source, can produce the Hg lamp of matrix line and line strength being transformed into the photomultiplier of current signal amplified current of control electrode excited sample emission characteristic spectrum, it is characterized in that, also comprise single-chip microcomputer, the keyboard, timer, display and the supply cord switch that are connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively, described supply cord switch is connected with photomultiplier with exciting spark light source, Hg lamp respectively.
Wherein by keyboard information input time, timer carries out timing while display and shows intuitively information correlation time, after the time arrives, supply cord switch carries out corresponding opening or close, controlling electrode, Hg lamp and photomultiplier enters duty or quits work, the existing design of comparing, can set working time of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer as required, avoids long-term in running order reduction serviceable life and wastes energy.
Further, described photomultiplier comprises U-shaped shell, described U-shaped shell comprises the first arm and the second arm that communicate, on described the first arm, be provided with the PMT incidence window of incident spectral line, in the first arm, be disposed with photocathode and several level electron emitter, be provided with a level electron emitter of conversion in the intersection of the first arm and the second arm, in described the second arm, be disposed with several level electron emitter and anodes, incident spectral line is irradiated on photocathode, photocathode utilizing emitted light electronics, photoelectron reaches a level electron emitter of conversion through the Secondary Emission of several level electron emitter of the first arm successively, reach several level electron emitter and anodes of the second arm through changing the Secondary Emission of a level electron emitter, between described photocathode and anode, be provided with stabilized voltage supply, between every adjacent level electron emitter, be electrically connected by resistance, described supply cord switch control stabilized voltage supply open or disconnected.
Compared with existing structure, a level electron emitter of same quantity, its length can reduce half, even if adopt the shell of glass material, the outer cover length direction that also can effectively avoid PMT is long and cause holding flimsy phenomenon.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer is carried out to architecture advances, can set as required the working time of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer, avoid long-term in running order reduction serviceable life and waste energy.Further, avoid the outer cover length direction of photomultiplier long and cause easy damage.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of traditional photomultiplier;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a kind of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer of the present invention;
The mark implication of accompanying drawing is as follows:
1: electrode; 2: sample; 3:Hg lamp; 4: catoptron; 5: incidence window; 6: incident concave mirror; 7: entrance slit; 8: concave grating; 9: exit slit; 10: photomultiplier; 11: spectrum line; 12:PMT incidence window; 13: photocathode; 14-16: a level electron emitter; 17: anode; 18: vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer body; 19: incident spectral line; D1-D7: a level electron emitter; R: resistance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail, can be implemented so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention also, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer, comprise vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer body 18, it should be noted that, succinct for picture, Fig. 3 does not illustrate the entire infrastructure of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer body 18, vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer body 18 is only illustrated with rectangle frame in Fig. 3, only show improved dependency structure, its concrete structure can be shown in Figure 1, comprise the burning chamber in the upper left corner, in burning chamber, be provided with electrode 1 and sample 2, wherein excite spark light source for control electrode 1 and then excited sample 2 emission characteristic spectrum.
When spark punctures between electrode 1, in the very thin conductive conduits of 1 formation of electrode, gas is ionized strongly, through series reaction, excited sample 2 emission characteristic spectrum, Hg lamp 3 produces matrix line (also referred to as internal standard line) for slit scan, convenient calibration.Spectral line is irradiated to incident concave mirror 6 through catoptron 4 from incidence window 5, luminous energy is mapped on concave grating 8 by entrance slit 7, light is resolved into spectrum line 11 by concave grating 8, each element in these spectrum line 11 representative samples 2, and in the intensity of each element spectrum line 11 and sample 2, the content of element is directly proportional, each element has a spectrum line 11 at least by exit slit 9, be mapped on photomultiplier 10, photomultiplier 10(is called for short PMT) line strength is transformed into current signal amplified current, it is a kind of photo-electric conversion element, measure-controlling unit and workstation interaction data are convenient to follow-up data processing and quantitative test.
Wherein, vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer also comprises start by set date device, specifically comprise single-chip microcomputer, the keyboard, timer, display and the supply cord switch that are connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively, described supply cord switch is connected with exciting spark light source, Hg lamp 3 and photomultiplier 10 respectively.Wherein by keyboard information input time, timer carries out timing while display and shows intuitively information correlation time, after the time arrives, supply cord switch carries out corresponding opening or close, controlling electrode 1, Hg lamp 3 and photomultiplier 10 enters duty or quits work, the existing design of comparing, can set working time of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer as required, avoids long-term in running order reduction serviceable life and wastes energy.Wherein, start by set date device also can use regular socket to realize, can carry out auto-breaking or power supply according to setting, being specially regular socket is connected with exciting spark light source, Hg lamp 3 and photomultiplier 10 respectively, controlling their work, user can be directly in the enterprising line time setting of regular socket.
Optimization power supply wiretap is also connected with pilot lamp, can see very intuitively the duty of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer.
Further, as shown in Figure 3, a kind of photomultiplier 10, wherein photomultiplier 10 is the structures after amplifying, its structure proportion in vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer is so not large.
The basic functional principle of photomultiplier 10 is photoelectric effect, recycles secondary electron doubling effect and make on photoelectric basis, specifically comprises U-shaped shell, and its U-shaped enclosure is evacuated, and U-shaped shell can be glass material or quartzy material.
U-shaped shell comprises the first arm and the second arm that communicate, on described the first arm, be provided with the PMT incidence window 12 of incident spectral line 19, in the first arm, be disposed with to the left photocathode 13 and several level electron emitter from right side, be consistent for convenience of description and with Fig. 3, the position and the quantity that just show with Fig. 3 are described, in the first arm, upper right side is provided with PMT incidence window 12, because incident spectral line 19 intensity are generally very faint, so should keep the clean of PMT incidence window 12, avoid hand to touch and leave a trace.Photocathode 13 is set under PMT incidence window 12, keep at a certain distance away to the left from right side and set gradually once level electron emitter D1, a level electron emitter D2 and a level electron emitter D3, be provided with conversion level electron emitter D4 vertical with level electron emitter in the left side in figure in the intersection of the first arm and the second arm, it should be noted that a level electron emitter D4 of conversion is also a level electron emitter, for the ease of distinguishing, therefore by a level electron emitter of its called after conversion, its effect is that secondary photon is redirect to the second arm from the first arm.
Same, in the second arm, be disposed with to the right 3 level electron emitters and anode 17 from left side, i.e. level electron emitter D5, a level electron emitter D6 and a level electron emitter D7, the second arm rightmost side is provided with anode 17.
Between described photocathode 13 and anode 17, be provided with stabilized voltage supply, in actual applications, stabilized voltage supply is generally selected 900-1200V DC voltage.Between every adjacent level electron emitter, be electrically connected by resistance, specifically: between photocathode 13 and a level electron emitter D1, be electrically connected by resistance R, between D1 to level electron emitter D7 of a level electron emitter, between adjacent two level electron emitters, be provided with resistance R, between level electron emitter D7 and the power supply of anode 17, be electrically connected by resistance R, anode 17 output terminals also with resistance R
outbe connected, wherein resistance R
outtwo ends as output end points out1 and out2.Supply cord switch control stabilized voltage supply open or disconnected, in the time using regular socket, regular socket control stabilized voltage supply open or disconnected.
Incident spectral line 19 is irradiated on photocathode 13 by PMT incidence window 12, photocathode 13 utilizing emitted light electronics, photoelectron accelerates to drop on a level electron emitter D1, hit secondary electron, these secondary electrons are fallen on a level electron emitter D2 by electric field acceleration again, and hit more secondary electron, successively through a level electron emitter D3, change level electron emitter D4 one time, a level electron emitter D5, a level electron emitter D6 and a level electron emitter D7, what finally reach anode 17 is large numbers of secondary electrons, in figure, only show the secondary electron that part increases, several only with an arrow signal below, incident spectral line 19 intensity are transformed into current signal amplified current by photomultiplier 10.Compared with existing structure, a level electron emitter of same quantity, its length can reduce half, even if adopt the shell of glass material, the outer cover length direction that also can effectively avoid photomultiplier 10 is long and cause holding flimsy phenomenon.
When sample 2 excites, can produce waste gas, therefore be preferably also provided with useless argon gas filtrator (not shown), waste gas flows out through conduit from burning chamber, flow to useless argon gas filtrator and filter, can effectively collect the objectionable impurities in useless argon gas, can be in useless argon gas filtrator filled vacuum pump oil or water, stop the discharge of static argon in burning chamber, ensure the precision that sample 2 is analyzed.
These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer, comprise vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer body, described vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer body comprises exciting spark light source, can produce the Hg lamp of matrix line and line strength being transformed into the photomultiplier of current signal amplified current of control electrode excited sample emission characteristic spectrum, it is characterized in that, also comprise single-chip microcomputer, the keyboard, timer, display and the supply cord switch that are connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively, described supply cord switch is connected with photomultiplier with exciting spark light source, Hg lamp respectively.
2. a kind of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described photomultiplier comprises U-shaped shell, described U-shaped shell comprises the first arm and the second arm that communicate, on described the first arm, be provided with the PMT incidence window of incident spectral line, in the first arm, be disposed with photocathode and several level electron emitter, be provided with a level electron emitter of conversion in the intersection of the first arm and the second arm, in described the second arm, be disposed with several level electron emitter and anodes, incident spectral line is irradiated on photocathode, photocathode utilizing emitted light electronics, photoelectron reaches a level electron emitter of conversion through the Secondary Emission of several level electron emitter of the first arm successively, reach several level electron emitter and anodes of the second arm through changing the Secondary Emission of a level electron emitter, between described photocathode and anode, be provided with stabilized voltage supply, between every adjacent level electron emitter, be electrically connected by resistance, described supply cord switch control stabilized voltage supply open or disconnected.
3. a kind of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described supply cord switch is also connected with pilot lamp.
4. a kind of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described stabilized voltage supply is 900-1200V DC voltage.
5. a kind of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the useless argon gas filtrator that the waste gas that produces can be by excited sample time filters.
6. a kind of vacuum photo-electric direct reading spectrometer according to claim 5, is characterized in that, is filled with the pumping fluid or the water that stop static argon discharge in described useless argon gas filtrator.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104267004A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-07 | 合肥卓越分析仪器有限责任公司 | Sample excitation system for photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer |
| CN104280561A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-14 | 合肥卓越分析仪器有限责任公司 | Photoelectric direct reading spectrographic analysis system |
| CN106226236A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-12-14 | 南京宁博分析仪器有限公司 | Photo-electric direct reading spectrometer |
| CN106525817A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-22 | 昆山书豪仪器科技有限公司 | Hollow cathode direct-reading spectrometer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104267004A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-07 | 合肥卓越分析仪器有限责任公司 | Sample excitation system for photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer |
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| CN106525817A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-22 | 昆山书豪仪器科技有限公司 | Hollow cathode direct-reading spectrometer |
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| CN103969245B (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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