CN103969235B - Quick pre-warning method for organic pollution of surface water - Google Patents
Quick pre-warning method for organic pollution of surface water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103969235B CN103969235B CN201410180587.9A CN201410180587A CN103969235B CN 103969235 B CN103969235 B CN 103969235B CN 201410180587 A CN201410180587 A CN 201410180587A CN 103969235 B CN103969235 B CN 103969235B
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- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002384 drinking water standard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 machine thing Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a quick pre-warning method for organic pollution of surface water. The pre-warning method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting surface water as raw water; (2) filtering the raw water through a micro-pore filter film; (3) taking 1-1.5 L of the filtered water sample for concentration through a reverse osmosis device to obtain the concentrated water sample; (4) taking the concentrated water sample obtained in step (3) into a fluorescent cuvette, and placing into a sample cell in a fluorescence spectrophotometer for three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum scan to obtain the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of the concentrated water sample; (5) preparing the standard water sample according to the toplimit of the Standard of Drinking Water, and obtaining a standard spectra after concentration through the reverse osmosis device and scan through three-dimensional fluorescence; (6) comparing the standard spectra with the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of the water sample. If the fluorescence intensity of the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of the water sample is less than or equal to that of the standard spectra, the organic pollution of the surface water is confirmed to be under the standard; whereas, the organic pollution of the surface water is confirmed to exceed the standard. The pre-warning method is quick, convenient, easy to operate and high in efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water quality monitoring field, especially a kind of detection method of surface water organic contamination.
Technical background
Developed rapidly as human society is industrialized, substantial amounts of pollutant is discharged into water environment.Organic pollution with
Its toxicity is big, and conventional method is difficult to the features such as removing, and great potential safety hazard is caused to the drinking-water of the mankind.In order to ensure the people
The safe drinking water of the masses, the Ministry of Public Health and national standardization administration committee combine and have issued new mandatory country《Life is drunk
Water hygiene standard》(GB5749-2006) 53 organic compounds are covered, in indices, in toxicological parameters.If to each
Individual organic pollution is tested, although the existing conventional physics and chemistry means in laboratory can quantitatively measure the dense of various organic matters
Degree, but practical operation inefficiency, and it is time-consuming more long, it is difficult to play a part of to organic pollution early warning.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome troublesome poeration, the time-consuming more long, operating efficiency of the detection mode of existing surface water organic contamination low
Deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of easy to operate, rapid and convenient, the quick method for early warning of efficient surface water organic contamination.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of quick method for early warning of surface water organic contamination, the described method comprises the following steps：
(1) collection surface water is used as raw water；
(2) raw water that collection comes is filtered by miillpore filter, gravel, mud and clay particle in raw water is retained；
(3) the water sample 1-1.5L after filtering is taken, is concentrated by reverse osmosis unit, the water sample after being concentrated；
(4) take step (3) concentration after water sample in fluorescence cuvette, in the sample cell being placed in sepectrophotofluorometer
Three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum scanning is carried out, the triaxial stress condition of water sample is obtained；
(5) according to《Drinking water standard》The upper limit prepare standard water sample, concentrated by reverse osmosis unit, same warp
Three-dimensional fluorescence scanning is crossed, standard diagram is obtained；
(6) standard diagram is compared with the triaxial stress condition of the water sample of step (4), if the three-dimensional of water sample
The fluorescence intensity of fluorescence pattern judges that surface water organic contamination is not exceeded less than or equal to the fluorescence intensity of the standard diagram；Instead
It, judges that surface water organic contamination is exceeded.
Further, the cycles of concentration of the water sample after the multiple of step (5) the Plays water sample concentration is filtered with step (3)
It is identical.
Technology design of the invention is：At normal temperatures, most molecule is in ground state, when the molecule in ground state passes through
The care of shorter wavelength, gets up energy storage, then the slow light for releasing longer wavelength, and the light of releasing is exactly fluorescence.
The energy of fluorescence-wavelength relationship figure is made out, and the graph of a relation of gained is exactly fluorescence spectrum.High intensity laser beam can make absorbent
A considerable amount of molecule liftings are to excitation quantum state in matter, therefore drastically increase the sensitivity of fluorescence spectrum.《Life is drunk
Water quality standard》(GB5749-2006) 53 organic matters in index have quite a few to have fluorescence, that is, be partly dissolved in water
In the light irradiation by specific wavelength, organic matter is subject to excite the light of meeting specific wavelength organic matter.Experiment shows, organic matter institute
There is good correlation in the intensity of the fluorescence for sending, using this characteristic, can fast and effeciently build with the concentration of organic matter
Erect the early warning mechanism to water head site earth's surface organic pollutants.
Three-dimensional fluorescence figure analysis of spectrum is widely used in detection with its quick, sensitive and good selective to be had with identification
The many kinds of substance such as machine thing, medicine, inorganic matter, have a wide range of applications in multiple fields.Present invention combination micro-filtration, counter-infiltration and three
The means such as dimension fluorescence pattern analysis, increased the sensitivity of fluorescence pattern, water head site surface water are monitored, fast and effeciently
Forewarning function is played to some organic pollutants in water.
The beneficial effects are mainly as follows：
(1) general principle produced using fluorescence, three-dimensional fluorescence scanning is carried out to water head site surface water and comes in early warning water to have
There is the generation of fluorescent characteristic organic pollution and exceeded.
(2) water sample is concentrated using micro-filtration, counter-infiltration, greatly improves the effect sensitivity of detection pollutant, whole behaviour
Making flow can complete within 15 minutes, with quick, easily advantage.
(3) on-line monitoring to surface water can be realized, early warning efficiency is further improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
A kind of reference picture 1, quick method for early warning of surface water organic contamination, the described method comprises the following steps：
(1) collection surface water is used as raw water；
(2) raw water that collection comes is filtered by miillpore filter, gravel, mud and clay particle in raw water is retained；
(3) the water sample 1-1.5L after filtering is taken, is concentrated by reverse osmosis unit, the water sample after being concentrated；
(4) take step (3) concentration after water sample in fluorescence cuvette, in the sample cell being placed in sepectrophotofluorometer
Three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum scanning is carried out, the triaxial stress condition of water sample is obtained；
(5) according to《Drinking water standard》The upper limit prepare standard water sample, concentrated by reverse osmosis unit, same warp
Three-dimensional fluorescence scanning is crossed, standard diagram is obtained；
(6) standard diagram is compared with the triaxial stress condition of the water sample of step (4), if the three-dimensional of water sample
The fluorescence intensity of fluorescence pattern judges that surface water organic contamination is not exceeded less than or equal to the fluorescence intensity of the standard diagram；Instead
It, judges that surface water organic contamination is exceeded.
Further, the cycles of concentration of the water sample after the multiple of step (5) the Plays water sample concentration is filtered with step (3)
It is identical.
This example is illustrated by taking phenol as an example, experiment equipment used by Vacuum filtration device, reverse osmosis unit and glimmering
The part of light spectrophotometer three constitutes, and the schematic flow sheet of experiment is referring to Fig. 1.
(1) a small amount of Hangzhou Shang Tang rivers river is taken.
(2) by vacuum extractor, 0.45 μm of filtering with microporous membrane river is used.
(3) water sample after 1L filterings is taken, the water sample is concentrated with reverse osmosis unit, and obtain the water sample of original solution concentration.
(4) water sample (3) said is taken in 1cm fluorescence cuvettes, is entered in the sample cell being placed in sepectrophotofluorometer
Row three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum is scanned, and main experimental parameter setting is as follows：Excitation wavelength Ex：200-600nm, at intervals of 10nm；Transmitting
Wavelength Em:200-600nm；Sweep speed is 6000nm/min, and sweep spacing is 1nm.The three-dimensional fluorescence of water sample after being concentrated
Collection of illustrative plates.
(5) with pure water prepare 0.002mg/L phenol solution, by the solution by reverse osmosis unit concentrate, obtain with
(4) the phenol concentrate solution of identical multiple in.Three-dimensional fluorescence scanning is carried out to the solution, three of the phenol solution after being concentrated
Dimension fluorescence spectrum, and be compared with the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum that obtains in (4).
The fluorescence intensity of the phenol in the river of upper pool river after concentration can not show a candle to concentration after standard phenol solution in it is glimmering
Luminous intensity, illustrates that the phenol in the river of pool river is not above standards for drinking water quality.
The present invention carries out three-dimensional fluorescence scanning to water head site surface water, and the detection of pollutant is improved by enrichment facility
Limit, improves the sensitivity of laboratory apparatus.The a certain normal three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of water head site surface water is obtained by long-term monitoring,
If the fluorescence spectrum for detecting water sample occurs exception, can be analyzed by further detection means (such as GC-MS) and cause glimmering
The specific material of light spectral singularity, and can timely and accurately send drinking water safety pre-alert notification.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of quick method for early warning of surface water organic contamination, it is characterised in that：The described method comprises the following steps：
（1）Collection surface water is used as raw water；
（2）The raw water come using filtering with microporous membrane collection, gravel, mud and clay particle in retention raw water；
（3）The water sample 1-1.5L after filtering is taken, is concentrated by reverse osmosis unit, the water sample after being concentrated；
（4）The water sample after step (3) concentration is taken in fluorescence cuvette, is carried out in the sample cell being placed in sepectrophotofluorometer
Three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum is scanned, and obtains the triaxial stress condition of water sample；
（5）According to《Standards for drinking water quality》The upper limit prepare standard water sample, concentrated by reverse osmosis unit, same warp
Three-dimensional fluorescence scanning is crossed, standard diagram is obtained；
（6）By the standard diagram and step（4）The triaxial stress condition of water sample be compared, if the three-dimensional fluorescence of water sample
The fluorescence intensity of collection of illustrative plates judges that surface water organic contamination is not exceeded less than or equal to the fluorescence intensity of the standard diagram；Conversely, sentencing
Determine surface water organic contamination exceeded；
The step（5）The multiple and step of Plays water sample concentration（3）The cycles of concentration of the water sample after filtering is identical.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105466893A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-04-06 | 常州大学 | Three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum based method for rapid alert of organic pollution of surface water |
| CN105334198A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-02-17 | 常州大学 | Method for analyzing DOMs (dissolved organic matters) in water on basis of three-dimensional fluorescence spectra |
| CN105784617A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-20 | 河海大学 | Water quality testing method based on spectral analysis |
| CN107782705B (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2020-11-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring oil content of rock |
| CN107561181A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-09 | 山东省城市供排水水质监测中心 | A kind of detection method of underwater trace persistence organic pollutant |
| CN107561180A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-09 | 山东省城市供排水水质监测中心 | A kind of method that volatile organic matter in water is detected based on counter-infiltration |
| CN108181286A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Water tank with real-time pesticide monitoring function by adopting three-dimensional fluorescence technology |
| CN113567401B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2022-09-30 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Rapid detection method and application of landfill leachate polluted underground water condition |
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| CN1940521A (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2007-04-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for inspecting comprehensive water-body toxicity by concentrate pretreatment |
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| JP2001083095A (en) * | 1999-09-13 | 2001-03-30 | Toshiba Eng Co Ltd | Water quality measuring device |
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| JP5846364B2 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Water quality evaluation method and water quality evaluation apparatus |
| CN102661939B (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-12-04 | 北京化工大学 | Method for rapidly tracing to water pollution source |
| CN102901721B (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-08-27 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for quickly determining flow direction of groundwater polluted by organic matter |
| CN102890075A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-01-23 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Quickly judging method for underground water polluted by organic matter |
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| CN1940521A (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2007-04-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for inspecting comprehensive water-body toxicity by concentrate pretreatment |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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