CN103967588A - Cylinder-separated type multifunctional pneumatic machine - Google Patents
Cylinder-separated type multifunctional pneumatic machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103967588A CN103967588A CN201310033936.XA CN201310033936A CN103967588A CN 103967588 A CN103967588 A CN 103967588A CN 201310033936 A CN201310033936 A CN 201310033936A CN 103967588 A CN103967588 A CN 103967588A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cylinder-separated type multifunctional pneumatic machine. The cylinder-separated type multifunctional pneumatic machine is a multifunctional pneumatic machine formed by a compressor, a gas storing device, a fuel pneumatic motor, a transmission (variable speed) mechanism and the like. According to the multifunctional pneumatic machine, three basic pneumatic components, namely, the compressor, the fuel pneumatic motor and the gas storing device are combined for application; based on the conversion between compressed air and mechanical energy, a heat exchange process is added in the compress and expansion process as required to achieve the goal of improving energy utilizing efficiency.
Description
One, technical field
" the divided cylinder type multifunctional pneumatic machine " that the present invention relates to belongs to pneumatic machinery field.
Two, background technique
The Multifunctional pneumatic power machinery that " divided cylinder type multifunctional pneumatic machine " (hereinafter to be referred as the multifunctional pneumatic machine) the present invention relates to is made up of parts such as compressor, gas storage equipment, fuel pneumatic motor, transmission (speed change) mechanisms.
Three, summary of the invention
1, the divided cylinder type multifunctional pneumatic machine the present invention relates to is a kind of Multifunctional pneumatic power machinery being made up of parts such as compressor, gas storage equipment, fuel pneumatic motor, transmission (speed change) mechanisms; Compressor, fuel pneumatic motor, these three kinds substantially pneumatic original papers of gas storage equipment are carried out applied in any combination by this multifunctional pneumatic machine, by utilizing the mutual conversion between pressurized air and mechanical energy, and in compression, inflation process, add heat exchanging process as required, thereby reach the object that improves energy utilization efficiency.
2, the pneumatic process of this multifunctional pneumatic machine forms (following neither endothermic nor exothermic process therebetween) by compression process, inflation process; Compression, the inflation process of air are completed by compressor, fuel pneumatic motor respectively; The progression of compression, inflation process can be single-stage or multistage; The progression of compression, inflation process can be identical or different; Compression, inflation process can be carried out separately, also can simultaneously symmetrical (decrement=swell increment) or asymmetric (decrement ≠ swell increment) carry out; Cold measure in can selecting as required in compression process whether to take; In inflation process, can select as required whether provide heat energy to gas; In compression gas circuit and expansion gas circuit, gas storage equipment can be set as required.
3, this multifunctional pneumatic machine can be realized following functions:
(1) as the heat engine work of symmetrical cycle, now, " compression flow=expansion flow " of this multifunctional pneumatic machine; In inflation process, provide heat energy to gas working medium, make working medium expansion work more than compression work, the part more than needed of expansion work is externally exported as power; The essence of this function is: multifunctional pneumatic machine consumes heat energy, output mechanical energy;
(2) work as the asymmetric circulation heat engine of deflection compressor, now, " the compression flow > expansion flow " of multifunctional pneumatic machine, the flow that compression process has more is stored into gas storage equipment; The essence of this function is: multifunctional pneumatic machine consumes heat energy pressurized air and stores, and meanwhile, it can reduce compressed-air actuated storage and external outputting power, also can receive exterior power and increases compressed-air actuated storage;
(3) work as the asymmetric circulation heat engine of deflection fuel pneumatic motor, now, " the compression flow < expansion flow " of multifunctional pneumatic machine, expansion flow has more part and is provided by gas storage equipment; The essence of this function is: multifunctional pneumatic machine is consumption of compressed air and heat energy simultaneously, output mechanical energy;
(4) as being worked by outer power-actuated air compressor, now, the fuel pneumatic motor of this multifunctional pneumatic machine is not worked, and compressor operating produces high-pressure air and deposits gas storage equipment in; The essence of this function is: multifunctional pneumatic machine receives extraneous mechanical energy, mechanical energy is converted into compressed-air actuated form and stores;
(5) as the pneumatic motor work that consumes heat energy, now, the compressor of multifunctional pneumatic machine is not worked, and the pneumatic motor operations of fuel, by consuming pressurized air and the fuel in gas storage equipment, makes pressurized air heat absorption expansion output mechanical energy;
(6) as pure pneumatic motor work, now, the compressor of multifunctional pneumatic machine is not worked, and the pneumatic motor operations of fuel, but feed fuels not only obtain mechanical energy by the pressurized air consuming in gas storage equipment;
(7) consume the function that a small amount of energy keeps on the go;
(8) automatically fill, venting function;
(9) stopping function;
(10) shut down after start-up performance again;
(11) start-stop function at any time;
(12) utilize external air source aerification function;
In this multifunctional pneumatic machine practical application, definite function can be the part or all of of above (1)～(12) function.
4, this multifunctional pneumatic machine can utilize fuel and the heat energy of various ways, as the heat energy of the various fuel combustions such as gasoline, diesel oil, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, hydrogen, alcohols, coal, and waste gas residual heat, solar energy etc.
5, the effect of the transmission of this multifunctional pneumatic machine (speed change) mechanism is to transmit as required mechanical energy and carry out rotating speed coupling between compressor, fuel pneumatic motor and driving target; Compressor can become one or separate in appearance with fuel pneumatic motor; Compressor can merge or separate with the bent axle of fuel pneumatic motor; In the time that compressor separates with the bent axle of fuel pneumatic motor, between the two by transmission (speed change) mechanism transferring power, now compressor, fuel pneumatic motor and drive the relation of being in transmission connection between target three can adopt the various ways such as tandem, parallel, series parallel type.
6, the purposes of this multifunctional pneumatic machine mainly contains two large classes: the one, use as the power equipment of outputting power and recycling mechanical energy; The 2nd, as providing compressed-air actuated equipment to use.
7, this multifunctional pneumatic machine can be increased work efficiency by air-breathing supercharging (engine driven supercharging or exhaust gas turbocharge).
Four, brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 air circulation principle that to be this multifunctional pneumatic machine expand while realizing with two-stage compression, one-level.In figure, respectively number corresponding component Name as follows:
11---one-level compression cylinder and piston
12---two-stage compression cylinder and piston
13---air throttle (optional)
14---the air-breathing door of one-level compression
15---one-level compression exhaust door
16---compression interstage cooler (optional)
17---in cold Proportional valve (optional)
18---the air-breathing door of two-stage compression
19---two-stage compression exhaust valve
21---expansion cylinder and piston
22---the air-breathing door of inflation process
23---inflation process exhaust valve
24---waste gas heat utilization heat exchanger (optional)
25---UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN Proportional valve (optional)
31---gas storage equipment (gas cylinder)
32---gas storage cooler
33---gas storage valve
34---gas charging valve
35---pressure-limit valve
In Fig. 1, numbering 11～19 belongs to compressor assembly, and numbering 21～25 belongs to fuel Pneumatic motor assembly, and numbering 31～35 belongs to gas storage equipment assembly.The gas path pipe of this multifunctional pneumatic machine has gas storage function concurrently, if necessary, can increase gas storage equipment by the suitable position in pipeline.
Five, embodiment
1, the composition of multifunctional pneumatic machine
This multifunctional pneumatic machine is mainly made up of parts such as compressor, gas storage equipment, fuel pneumatic motor, transmission (speed change) mechanisms.
2, the abbreviation of the various functions of multifunctional pneumatic machine definition
This multifunctional pneumatic machine function is various, succinct for ease of describing, clear, first the various functions of multifunctional pneumatic machine is called for short and is defined as follows:
Function one: the symmetrical cycle heat engine function of " compression flow=expansion flow "
Function two: the asymmetric circulation heat engine function of " compression flow > expansion flow ", this function can be subdivided between A, B, tri-kinds of state areas of C:
A condition: consume heat energy, obtain pressurized air and mechanical energy
B state: consume heat energy, obtain pressurized air
C state: consume heat energy and mechanical energy, obtain pressurized air
Function three: the luxuriant and rich with fragrance symmetrical cycle heat engine function of " compression flow < expansion flow "
Function four: consume mechanical energy, obtain pressurized air (being air compressor function)
Function five: consumption of compressed air and heat energy, obtain mechanical energy (consuming the pneumatic motor function of heat energy)
Function six: consumption of compressed air, obtains mechanical energy (being pure pneumatic motor function):
Function seven: consume the function that a small amount of energy keeps on the go
Function eight: automatically fill, venting function
Function nine: stopping function
Function ten: start-up performance again after shutdown
Function 11: start-stop function at any time
Function 12: utilize external air source aerification function
This multifunctional pneumatic machine can all be realized above function on same machine, also can select as required to realize wherein part of functions.
3, the approach that realizes of the various functions of multifunctional pneumatic machine
The approach that realizes and the corresponding pneumatic principle of the various functions that in conjunction with Fig. 1, illustrate taking gasoline as fuel below,, compression process adopt two-stage compression, inflation process adopts the multifunctional pneumatic machine of one-level expansion.
(1) realization of function one
Function one: the symmetrical cycle heat engine function of " compression flow=expansion flow "
When this multifunctional pneumatic machine is worked by function one, compressor is carried out the task of " from nature air amount and compress ", and fuel pneumatic motor is carried out the task of " make the pressurized air heat absorption acting of expanding, after expansion, waste gas is flow back to nature ".In conjunction with Fig. 1, to being described as follows of function one links:
1., air-breathing:
Air inlet (air-filtering) → air throttle 13 (optional) → first stage piston is at top dead center position, and valve 14 is opened, descent of piston air amount, and piston runs to bottom dead center position, and valve 14 is closed, air-breathing completing.
2., compression:
The compression process of this multifunctional pneumatic machine is two-stage compression, and large and small cylinder is born respectively one-level, two-stage compression task.Compression process can be subdivided into " one-level compression → in cold (optional) → secondary air-breathing → two-stage compression " several links:
One-level compression: first stage piston is from the up beginning pressurized air of lower dead center, when pressure outside pressure in cylinder is greater than valve 15, valve 15 is opened, and piston continues up, and pressurized air is discharged from one-level cylinder, and one-level compression finishes;
In cold (optional): through after one-level compression, gas temperature raises, cold measure in now can taking gas as required.In the optionally connected logical cooling gas circuit of cold Proportional valve 17 or non-cooling bypass, or connect simultaneously in cooling gas circuit and non-cooling gas circuit adjusting cold and non-in cold air mass flow ratio.Gas circuit between high and low pressure cylinder can be taked the single type of cooling, now only retains cooler 16, Proportional valve 17 with non-in cold bypass be cancelled; Also can take single non-middle cold air road, now cooler 16, Proportional valve 17 are cancelled, between the valve 15 of compression gas circuit, valve 18 with pipeline UNICOM.
Secondary is air-breathing: second piston is at top dead center position, and valve 18 is opened, descent of piston air amount, and piston runs to bottom dead center position, and valve 18 is closed, the air-breathing end of secondary;
Two-stage compression: second piston compresses air from lower dead center is up, when pressure outside pressure in cylinder is greater than valve 19, valve 19 is opened, piston continues up, high-pressure air is discharged from cylinder and enters high-pressure gas circuit, and piston runs to top dead center, and two-stage compression finishes, valve 19 is closed, and compression process finishes.
3., heat absorption heats up, expands and do work
After air compressing, enter heat absorption intensification (for oil firing) process.In air circulation schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1, the appropriate position of high-pressure gas circuit injected petrol that can be before the air-breathing door of inflation process 22, after oil spout, gasoline mixes with air, air-breathing door 22 is opened, descent of piston sucks certain high pressure mixing oil gas, valve 22 is closed, then plug ignition outburst, and air temperature raises rapidly, volumetric expansion promotes descent of piston, piston runs to lower dead center, and inflation process finishes.
The fuel delivery mode of this multifunctional pneumatic machine can adopt the outer oil spout of cylinder to mix with air, or adopts in-cylinder direct injection, or two kinds of modes are parallel; On pressure duct before the air-breathing door 22 of inflation process, can optionally carry out (selectivity) to waste gas residual heat and utilize.
4., exhaust
After air expansion acting finishes, piston arrives lower dead center in expansion cylinder, opens expansion cylinder exhaust valve 23, piston stroking upward exhaust; When piston arrives top dead center, exhaust finishes, exhaust valve 23 cuts out, and completes a working procedure.
(2) realization of function two
Function two: the asymmetric circulation heat engine function of " compression flow > expansion flow "
The running state of this multifunctional pneumatic machine function two and function one are basic identical, and its difference is: compression flow > expansion flow, the part that compression flow has more is stored into gas cylinder.
When multifunctional pneumatic machine moves with function two, different from the air mass flow ratio in expansion gas circuit according to compression gas circuit, its working state can be subdivided into A, B, tri-intervals of C:
A, consume heat energy, obtain pressurized air and mechanical energy (now, the mechanical energy that fuel pneumatic motor output mechanical energy consumes more than compressor, therefore pneumatic motor can be in storing compressed air output mechanical energy, be partial to engine condition);
B, consumption heat energy, obtain pressurized air (the just balance of mechanical energy that the mechanical energy of now fuel pneumatic motor output and compressor consume);
C, consumption heat energy and mechanical energy, obtain pressurized air (now, fuel pneumatic motor output mechanical energy is less than the mechanical energy that compressor consumes, and needs extra mechanical energy supplement the running that can maintain pneumatic motor, is partial to compressor state).
The key element of practical function two is on the basis of function one, to strengthen the air mass flow of " compression gas circuit ", reduces the air mass flow (both regulate simultaneously or only regulate one of them) in " expansion gas circuit ".In the schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1, the air mass flow on compression gas circuit can regulate by changing compressor rotary speed or changing compressor air suction amount; Air mass flow in expansion gas circuit can regulate by changing the pneumatic motor rotary speed of fuel or changing fuel pneumatic motor gettering quantity.
(3) realization of function three
Function three: the asymmetric circulation heat engine function of " compression flow < expansion flow "
The running state of this multifunctional pneumatic machine function three and function one are basic identical, and its difference is: compression flow < expansion flow, the part that expansion flow has more is provided by gas cylinder.
The key element of practical function three is on the basis of function one, to reduce the air mass flow of " compression gas circuit ", strengthens the air mass flow (both regulate simultaneously or only regulate one of them) in " expansion gas circuit ".
(4) realization of function four
Function four: consume mechanical energy, obtain pressurized air (being air compressor function)
The realization of function four is to allow the pneumatic motor part of the fuel of multifunctional pneumatic machine divide out of service, or allow air mass flow in expansion gas circuit become 0 (can realize by closing valve 22), utilize the running of exterior power drive compression machine, the pressurized air of generation deposits in gas storage equipment.
(5) realization of function five
Function five: consumption of compressed air and heat energy, obtain mechanical energy (consuming the pneumatic motor function of heat energy)
The realization of function five is to make the compressor section of multifunctional pneumatic machine out of service, or allow air mass flow on compression gas circuit become 0 (can realize by closing valve 14,18), the pneumatic motor part of fuel is divided the pressurized air and the fuel that consume in gas storage equipment, air heat absorption is expanded and do work, thereby externally export energy.
(6) realization of function six
Function six: consumption of compressed air, obtains mechanical energy (being pure pneumatic motor function):
The realization of function six and function five basic identical, difference is only feed fuels not in air inflation process, utilizes merely the pressurized air acting output mechanical energy that expands.
(7) realization of function seven
Function seven: consume the function that a small amount of energy keeps on the go
The function that a small amount of energy of this multifunctional pneumatic machine consumption keeps on the go, be similar to " idling " of general internal-combustion engine, now can allow it operate in certain state in function one, three, five, six, reduce air mass flow and fuel delivery, the energy providing only needs to overcome friction and maintains machine run.Multifunctional pneumatic machine also can (consumption mechanical energy) keep on the go under external force drives.
(8) realization of function eight
Function eight: automatically fill, venting function
The automatic inflating function of this multifunctional pneumatic machine is to be based upon on the basis of function two, automatic inflating function by arranging automatic inflating condition in the operation control program of pneumatic motor, when pneumatic motor is when the level of outputting power or outputting power is not lower, if gas storage pressure is lower than setting value, pneumatic motor is automatically switched to running state function two gas storage equipment is inflated, after air pressure is charged to setting level, inflation stops.
Automatic deflation function is that pressure-limit valve is set in gas storage equipment, and in the time that gas storage pressure exceedes the pressure of pressure-limit valve setting, pressure-limit valve automatic deflation, ensures that gas storage pressure maintains normal level.
(9) realization of function nine, function ten
Function nine: stopping function
Function ten: start-up performance again after shutdown
When this multifunctional pneumatic machine need to be shut down, stop pneumatic motor that energy (comprising heat energy, pressurized air, mechanical energy) is provided, pneumatic motor waits under effect and slows down in friction, just can realize shutdown.When pneumatic motor is shut down over a long time, close gas storage valve 33, in order to avoid gas leakage impact operation next time.
The shutdown of this multifunctional pneumatic machine starts and can be accomplished in several ways, and can utilize comperssed air starting, or adopts external force to drive (as driven by starting electrical machinery).
In the time utilizing comperssed air starting; must make multifunctional pneumatic machine be parked in the phase range (can realize by arresting gear) corresponding to descent of piston of inflation process, need again start like this time, provide high-pressure air can promote descent of piston to expansion cylinder and realize startup.Taking Fig. 1 as example, make the resting position of pneumatic motor be fixed on the appropriate position after the top dead center of piston 21 by arresting gear, need to start time, starting drive is opened air valve 33 and valve 22, and pressurized air flows into expansion cylinder and can promote descent of piston and realize and starting.
(10) realization of function 11
Function 11: start-stop function at any time
The start-stop function at any time of this multifunctional pneumatic machine is based upon on the basis of function nine, function ten.
When multifunctional pneumatic machine does not need inflation, while also not needing outputting power, can stop feed fuels, and close the air mass flow of expansion gas circuit, allow its speed reducing stopping; In the time of needs outputting power, if it shuts down, (start-stop at any time can be in conjunction with throttle and the control of power output situation to make its startup by function ten, when there is no power output within the scope of certain hour, do not trigger the action of throttle yet, just stop engine oil, in the time triggering throttle, just make its running).
The realization of (11) function 12
Function 12: utilize external air source aerification function
Utilizing external air source aerification function is that inflatable interface (gas charging valve 34) is set in gas storage equipment, after air supply minimizing, air pressure reduce in gas storage equipment, can utilize external air source to inflate to gas storage equipment.
The realization of (12) multifunctional pneumatic machine dynamic Control
It is to realize by two Basic Ways generally that the power (power) of dynamic power machine is controlled: the one, change moment of torsion, and the 2nd, change rotating speed.Rotational speed regulation can realize by dynamic power machine altered self moment of torsion, also can realize by gear.To power engine itself, the core of dynamic Control is to change moment of torsion.This multifunctional pneumatic machine can be supplied with concentration and be regulated air mass flow by fuel metering, reaches the object that changes output, input power.
(1) change fuel and supply with concentration adjustment moment of torsion
The function (function one, two, three, five) of all consume fuel of this multifunctional pneumatic machine all can realize the adjusting to moment of torsion by changing fuel supply concentration, in the time that needs add strong power, just strengthens fuel concentration; In the time that needs weaken power, just reduce fuel concentration.
(2) by distribution regulating power
This multifunctional pneumatic machine can regulate moment of torsion by distribution (change air mass flow): need to add strong power time, strengthen expansion flow, reduce compression flow (both regulate simultaneously or only regulate one of them); Need to weaken power time, reduce expansion flow, strengthen compression flow (both regulate simultaneously or only regulate one of them).When multifunctional pneumatic machine is during as driven compressor operating, compression gas circuit flow is larger, input torque larger (otherwise anti-).
(13) compressor and fuel pneumatic motor mechanical transmission (speed change) relation and working medium flow regulate
In this multifunctional pneumatic machine running, depending on different operating modes, compressor and fuel pneumatic motor need independent operating sometimes, sometimes need to move simultaneously, need to optionally regulate the air mass flow of compression, inflation process while operation simultaneously.For adapting to these requirements, mechanical connection (transmission) relation of compressor and fuel pneumatic motor can adopt integrated type or separated type.
(1) the adjusting approach of working medium flow when integrated type connects
The integrated type of compressor and fuel pneumatic motor is closed and is meant both common crankshafts, now, transmission (speed change) mechanism be located at pneumatic motor and drive between target (when multifunctional pneumatic machine only as providing compressed-air actuated equipment to use, while driving targets without other, transmission mechanism-free during integrated type connects).
In integrated type connects, the air mass flow of compressor and fuel pneumatic motor regulates by distribution device.In the pneumatic circulating schematic diagram of Fig. 1, the distribution of compression process regulates and can realize by changing the aperture of air throttle 13 or aperture and the opening hours of change valve 14,18; The distribution of inflation process regulates, and can realize by the aperture and the opening hours that change valve 22.For example, in the time of needs closes compression flow, can close valve 14,18; In the time that needs are closed expansion flow, can close valve 22.
(2) form of separated type and working medium flow regulate
Compressor closes and means both bent axles independent (two-part body can merge or separate in appearance) separately with the separated type of fuel pneumatic motor, between both bent axles, connect transferring power each other by transmission (speed change) mechanism, now, transmission (speed change) mechanism can coordinate rotating speed between the two as required.
In separated type connects, compressor and the two-part working medium flow of fuel pneumatic motor have two kinds of methods adjustable: the one, change both rotating ratio; The 2nd, regulate by joining machine mechanism.These two kinds regulate the use that can walk abreast of the mode of working medium flows, or only use one of them.
When compressor and fuel pneumatic motor adopt separating type mechanical to be connected (transmission), (transmission) relation that is connected between compressor, fuel pneumatic motor and driving target three has multiple possible form (as tandem, parallel, series parallel type etc.).
Fuel, heat energy utilization and the waste gas heat utilization of (14) various ways
Above about describing as an example of gasoline example in this multifunctional pneumatic machine running principle.Due to the high-pressure gas circuit flexible arrangement as required before this multifunctional pneumatic machine expansion cylinder, this feature makes this multifunctional pneumatic machine can utilize fuel and the heat energy of various ways, and it all can use common solid-state, liquid, vaporized fuel.The mode of its acquisition heat energy, can adopt as traditional combustion engine in-cylinder combustion (above stated specification is the mode of in-cylinder combustion), can adopt the appropriate position burning in middle gas circuit, can adopt external-burning to conduct heat, can utilize using waste heat from tail gas, can adopt the heat energy of non-combustion---if solar energy etc. is (in the time utilizing the heat of the form such as coal burning, solar energy, the general mode that adopts the outer heat absorption of cylinder, in gas circuit, heat absorption scope can be chosen in the appropriate position of the pressure duct before valve 22 as shown in Figure 1).
This multifunctional pneumatic machine utilizes the flexibility of heat energy to make it can utilize all to be worth the heat energy utilizing, and waste gas heat utilization can be realized easily.In Fig. 1, if the temperature on the high-pressure gas circuit before exhaust gas temperature and expansion cylinder has the temperature difference that is enough to be worth utilization, heat exchanger can be set and utilize waste gas residual heat to heat high-pressure air, thus the utilization ratio of raising heat energy.Fig. 1 has illustrated to utilize by heat exchanger 24 and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN Proportional valve 25 are set that (effect of Proportional valve 25 is ratios of the gas working medium of Adjust and use waste heat for a kind of method of waste heat, in the time all utilizing waste heat, the Proportional valve 25 in Fig. 1 and non-UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN gas circuit can be cancelled).
(15) improve the realization of acting ability by air-breathing supercharging
This multifunctional pneumatic machine can adopt with the similar air-breathing supercharging technology of internal-combustion engine (mechanical supercharged or exhaust gas-driven turbine supercharging) increases gettering quantity, to improve the working efficiency of pneumatic motor.
Applicable scope and the form evolution thereof of (16) multifunctional pneumatic machine
The purposes of this multifunctional pneumatic machine mainly contains two large classes: the one, use as the power engine of outputting power and recycling mechanical energy; The 2nd, as providing compressed-air actuated equipment to use.In practical application, according to the variation of user demand, will there are various differentiation in the form of this multifunctional pneumatic machine, and it develops and mainly occurs in following several respects:
(1) differentiation of cylinder progression, number
In this explanation, be expanded to example with two-stage compression, one-level and set forth multifunctional pneumatic machine basic principle, in actual applications, cylinder progression is generally 1～4 grade, and cylinder number is changeable; The progression of compression process and the progression of inflation process can identical, also can be different.
(2) form evolution of gas circuit and gas storage equipment
In practical application, multifunctional pneumatic machine is according to user demand and cylinder progression, number difference, and various variations may occur the layout of gas circuit and gas storage equipment etc.
(3) Connecting format between compressor, fuel pneumatic motor, driving target and the differentiation of driving mechanism
In the time that this multifunctional pneumatic machine uses as power equipment, according to the driving demand of different occasions, will there are various concrete technological schemes in Connecting format and drive connection between compressor, fuel pneumatic motor and driving target.
Core of the present invention is that compressor, fuel pneumatic motor, these three kinds substantially pneumatic original papers of gas storage equipment are carried out to applied in any combination, by utilizing the mutual conversion between pressurized air and mechanical energy, and in compression, inflation process, add heat exchanging process as required, thereby reach the object that improves energy utilization efficiency.
Claims (7)
1. the divided cylinder type multifunctional pneumatic machine (hereinafter to be referred as multifunctional pneumatic machine) the present invention relates to is a kind of Multifunctional pneumatic power machinery being made up of parts such as compressor, gas storage equipment, fuel pneumatic motor, transmission (speed change) mechanisms; Compressor, fuel pneumatic motor, these three kinds substantially pneumatic original papers of gas storage equipment are carried out applied in any combination by this multifunctional pneumatic machine, by utilizing the mutual conversion between pressurized air and mechanical energy, and in compression, inflation process, add heat exchanging process as required, thereby reach the object that improves energy utilization efficiency.
2. the pneumatic process of this multifunctional pneumatic machine forms (following neither endothermic nor exothermic process therebetween) by compression process, inflation process; Compression, the inflation process of air are completed by compressor, fuel pneumatic motor respectively; The progression of compression, inflation process can be single-stage or multistage; The progression of compression, inflation process can be identical or different; Compression, inflation process can be carried out separately, also can simultaneously symmetrical (decrement=swell increment) or asymmetric (decrement ≠ swell increment) carry out; Cold measure in can selecting as required in compression process whether to take; In inflation process, can select as required whether provide heat energy to gas; In compression gas circuit and expansion gas circuit, gas storage equipment can be set as required.
3. this multifunctional pneumatic machine can be realized following functions:
(1) as the heat engine work of symmetrical cycle, now, " compression flow=expansion flow " of this multifunctional pneumatic machine; In inflation process, provide heat energy to gas working medium, make working medium expansion work more than compression work, the part more than needed of expansion work is externally exported as power; The essence of this function is: multifunctional pneumatic machine consumes heat energy, output mechanical energy;
(2) work as the asymmetric circulation heat engine of deflection compressor, now, " the compression flow > expansion flow " of multifunctional pneumatic machine, the flow that compression process has more is stored into gas storage equipment; The essence of this function is: multifunctional pneumatic machine consumes heat energy pressurized air and stores, and meanwhile, it can reduce compressed-air actuated storage and external outputting power, also can receive exterior power and increases compressed-air actuated storage;
(3) work as the asymmetric circulation heat engine of deflection fuel pneumatic motor, now, " the compression flow < expansion flow " of multifunctional pneumatic machine, expansion flow has more part and is provided by gas storage equipment; The essence of this function is: multifunctional pneumatic machine is consumption of compressed air and heat energy simultaneously, output mechanical energy;
(4) as being worked by outer power-actuated air compressor, now, the fuel pneumatic motor of this multifunctional pneumatic machine is not worked, and compressor operating produces high-pressure air and deposits gas storage equipment in; The essence of this function is: multifunctional pneumatic machine receives extraneous mechanical energy, mechanical energy is converted into compressed-air actuated form and stores;
(5) as the pneumatic motor work that consumes heat energy, now, the compressor of multifunctional pneumatic machine is not worked, and the pneumatic motor operations of fuel, by consuming pressurized air and the fuel in gas storage equipment, makes pressurized air heat absorption expansion output mechanical energy;
(6) as pure pneumatic motor work, now, the compressor of multifunctional pneumatic machine is not worked, and the pneumatic motor operations of fuel, but feed fuels not only obtain mechanical energy by the pressurized air consuming in gas storage equipment;
(7) consume the function that a small amount of energy keeps on the go;
(8) automatically fill, venting function;
(9) stopping function;
(10) shut down after start-up performance again;
(11) start-stop function at any time;
(12) utilize external air source aerification function;
In this multifunctional pneumatic machine practical application, definite function can be the part or all of of above (1)～(12) function.
4. this multifunctional pneumatic machine can utilize fuel and the heat energy of various ways, as the heat energy of the various fuel combustions such as gasoline, diesel oil, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, hydrogen, alcohols, coal, and waste gas residual heat, solar energy etc.
5. the effect of the transmission of this multifunctional pneumatic machine (speed change) mechanism is to transmit as required mechanical energy and carry out rotating speed coupling between compressor, fuel pneumatic motor and driving target; Compressor can become one or separate in appearance with fuel pneumatic motor; Compressor can merge or separate with the bent axle of fuel pneumatic motor; In the time that compressor separates with the bent axle of fuel pneumatic motor, between the two by transmission (speed change) mechanism transferring power, now compressor, fuel pneumatic motor and drive the relation of being in transmission connection between target three can adopt the various ways such as tandem, parallel, series parallel type.
6. the purposes of this multifunctional pneumatic machine mainly contains two large classes: the one, use as the power equipment of outputting power and recycling mechanical energy; The 2nd, as providing compressed-air actuated equipment to use.
7. this multifunctional pneumatic machine can be increased work efficiency by air-breathing supercharging (engine driven supercharging or exhaust gas turbocharge).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310033936.XA CN103967588A (en) | 2013-01-24 | 2013-01-24 | Cylinder-separated type multifunctional pneumatic machine |
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| CN201310033936.XA CN103967588A (en) | 2013-01-24 | 2013-01-24 | Cylinder-separated type multifunctional pneumatic machine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106321411A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 边红雷 | Gas compressor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106321411A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 边红雷 | Gas compressor |
| CN106321411B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-08-07 | 边红雷 | Gas compressor |
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Application publication date: 20140806 |