CN103965835A - Ultra-light magnetic oil absorption material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-light magnetic oil absorption material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an oil absorption material which is ultra-light in weight and has magnetic field response performance. The method comprises the following concrete preparation processes: dispersing magnetic nanoparticles, a porous material and a functional polymer into a dispersion medium; ultrasonically dispersing, and then drying by a freeze-drying method or a supercritical fluid drying method, and carrying out high-temperature treatment so as to obtain the magnetic oil absorption material which is very low in mass and has a porous structure. The method has the characteristics of being simple in preparation process, simple and feasible in reaction condition, and easy to achieve large-scale production; the prepared material can be applied to treatment of marine oil leakage, and separation of hazardous organic compounds in industrial sewage. The ultra-light magnetic oil absorption material floats on water to adsorb crude oil or organic matters when being used due to light weight, and quick magnetic separation and enrichment can be achieved after adsorption is ended.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material and preparation method thereof, belong to oil-gas field field of functional materials.
Background technology
Along with economic, social fast development, people sharply increase the demand of oil and petroleum products.In Oil extraction, transport, processing, storage and use procedure, due to misoperation or accident handling improper, often there is oil spill disaster.Crude oil leakage is Marine Pollution, fresh water system not only, destroys ecotope, and finally threatens human health by biologic chain.The destruction that particularly Crude Oil at Sea leakage accident causes has that the scope of involving is wide, hazard rating is large, aftertreatment is difficult and processing costs high.Processing with oil absorption material is one of effective means of current reply oil spill disaster.Therefore, effectively solve the pollution problem that crude oil leakage causes, just need the oil absorption material of active research, exploitation excellent combination property.
Magnetic oil absorption material is the multifunctional material that simultaneously has magnetic responsiveness performance and oil absorptiveness concurrently, is with conventional oil absorption material difference, after oil suction completes, can carry out sharp separation by external magnetic field easily, then makes crude oil be recycled.Because such material is obvious to oil spill disaster treatment effect, thus obtain in recent years causing investigator's extensive concern, and obtain systematic study.But the preparation method of magnetic oil absorption material is loaded down with trivial details at present, severe reaction conditions, and prepared magnetic oil absorption material quality is heavier.And the quality of oil absorption material is lighter, shift place in scene of the accident transport or use procedure time, can greatly reduce associated cost.After simultaneously oil suction completes, quality of materials is lighter, easilier separate by the less external magnetic field of intensity, and quality is lighter, and velocity of separation will be faster, also just higher to the processing efficiency of crude oil.Therefore, the magnetic oil absorption material of lightweight can be realized sharp separation after leakage crude oil is adsorbed, and reaches the object of quick elimination or reduction environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
Heavier for current magnetic oil absorption material quality, the limitation such as preparation method is loaded down with trivial details, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material, and the present invention simultaneously also provides the preparation method of this ultralight magnetic oil absorption material.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material of the present invention and preparation method thereof, its preparation method is, magnetic nano-particle, porous material, functional polymer are scattered in dispersion medium simultaneously, ultrasonic 0.5-18 hour, then successively by dry and pyroprocessing, can obtain ultralight magnetic oil absorption material.
Magnetic nano-particle of the present invention is selected from one or more in ferriferrous oxide nano-particle, ferric oxide nanoparticles, Fe nanometer particles, cobalt sesquioxide nanoparticle, iron cobalt/cobalt oxide nanoparticle, iron nickel oxide nanoparticle, iron Ni, Mn oxide nanoparticle, and the per-cent of shared material gross weight is 0.5-85%.
Magnetic nano-particle of the present invention is modified with tensio-active agent, tensio-active agent is selected from one or more in cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, cetyltriethylammonium bromide, Trimethyllaurylammonium bromide, four octyl group brometo de amonios, Tetrabutyl amonium bromide, sodium laurylsulfonate, sodium lauryl sulphate, oleic acid, oleyl amine, and dosage of surfactant is the 0.1-15% of magnetic nano particle protonatomic mass.
Porous material of the present invention is selected from one or more in Graphene, carbon nanotube, expanded graphite, gac, boron nitride nanosheet, boron nitride nano-tube, and the per-cent that accounts for material gross weight is 0.3-80%.
Functional polymer of the present invention is selected from that polyoxyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, polypropylene are received, one or more in polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid-2-hydroxy methacrylate, poly-2-methyl-3-N-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid, polymethylmethacrylate, poly-n-butyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylic acid pentyl ester, polylauryl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, and the per-cent of shared material gross weight is 0-75%.
Dispersion medium of the present invention is selected from one or more mixed systems in water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), Virahol, propyl carbinol, normal hexane, hexanaphthene, toluene, p-Xylol, ethylbenzene, methylene dichloride, chloroform, and dispersion medium consumption is minimum amount when magnetic nano-particle, porous material and functional polymer are disperseed completely.
Drying mode of the present invention is the one in lyophilize or supercritical drying.
Sublimation drying of the present invention is 2-120 hour.
Supercritical fluid drying of the present invention is supercritical CO
2or Supercritical Ethanol, be 0.5-96 hour time of drying.
Pyroprocessing mode of the present invention is selected 150-1000 DEG C of calcining 0.5-15 hour.
Advantage of the present invention is:
(1) preparation method of oil absorption material is simple, and reaction conditions gentleness, Yi Hang in whole reaction process, easily realize large-scale industrial production;
(2) prepared magnetic oil absorption material, density is extremely low, can float on the water surface, and crude oil and organic pollutant to the water surface adsorb, and after oil suction, material is the floating water surface still, is conducive to sharp separation;
(3) ultralight magnetic oil absorption material specific surface area is large, and porosity is high, and pore dimension is at micron, nanoscale, is conducive to a large amount of crude oil and the organic molecules of stable absorption, and therefore material has very high oil suction capacity;
(4) in material, magnetic nano-particle does not only affect oil absorptiveness, and make material there is very strong magnetic responsiveness performance, be conducive to separate by the quick magnetic in magnetic field, and can, by regulating the consumption of magnetic nano-particle, regulate the saturation magnetization of oil absorption material;
(5) by selecting the size of magnetic nano-particle, can obtain the oil absorption material with paramagnetism and superparamagnetism.
Embodiment
Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but the present invention is not confined to following examples.
Embodiment 1
By ferric oxide nanoparticles 1.2g, gac 5.8g and polystyrene 0.2g are scattered in the mixed solvent of second alcohol and water, supersound process 4 hours, then after processing with liquid nitrogen, carry out lyophilize 24 hours, then process 6 hours at 500 DEG C, be cooled to room temperature, make ultralight magnetic oil absorption material.
Embodiment 2
By ferriferrous oxide nano-particle 5.8g, expanded graphite 35.6g and polymethylmethacrylate 3.2g are scattered in tetrahydrofuran (THF), supersound process 3 hours, then after processing with liquid nitrogen, carry out lyophilize 56 hours, then process 3 hours at 700 DEG C, be cooled to room temperature, make ultralight magnetic oil absorption material.
Embodiment 3
By Fe nanometer particles 2.5g, Graphene 45.5g and polyoxyethylene glycol 0.8g are scattered in water, and supersound process 8 hours, then uses supercritical CO
2be dried 4 hours, then process 2 hours at 400 DEG C, be cooled to room temperature, make ultralight magnetic oil absorption material.
Embodiment 4
By iron cobalt/cobalt oxide nanoparticle 1.6g, carbon nanotube 25.8g and polypropylene glycol 0.6g are scattered in Virahol, supersound process 6 hours, then be dried 2 hours by Supercritical Ethanol, then process 3 hours at 300 DEG C, be cooled to room temperature, make ultralight magnetic oil absorption material.
Embodiment 5
By ferriferrous oxide nano-particle 1.8g, boron nitride nanosheet 25.6g is scattered in normal hexane, supersound process 4 hours, then, after processing with liquid nitrogen, lyophilize 40 hours, then processes 7 hours at 400 DEG C, be cooled to room temperature, make ultralight magnetic oil absorption material.
Claims (10)
1. ultralight magnetic oil absorption material and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, its preparation method is that magnetic nano-particle, porous material and functional polymer are scattered in dispersion medium, ultrasonic 0.5-18 hour, then successively by dry and pyroprocessing, can obtain ultralight magnetic oil absorption material.
2. a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, magnetic nano-particle is selected from one or more in ferriferrous oxide nano-particle, ferric oxide nanoparticles, Fe nanometer particles, cobalt sesquioxide nanoparticle, iron cobalt/cobalt oxide nanoparticle, iron nickel oxide nanoparticle, iron Ni, Mn oxide nanoparticle, and the per-cent that accounts for material gross weight is 0.5-85%.
3. according to a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material described in claim 1 and 2 and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, magnetic nano-particle is modified with tensio-active agent, tensio-active agent is selected from one or more in cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, cetyltriethylammonium bromide, Trimethyllaurylammonium bromide, four octyl group brometo de amonios, Tetrabutyl amonium bromide, sodium laurylsulfonate, sodium lauryl sulphate, oleic acid, oleyl amine, and dosage of surfactant is the 0.1-15% of magnetic nano particle protonatomic mass.
4. a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, porous material is selected from one or more in Graphene, carbon nanotube, expanded graphite, gac, boron nitride nanosheet, boron nitride nano-tube, and the per-cent that accounts for material gross weight is 0.3-80%.
5. a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, functional polymer is selected from that polyoxyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, polypropylene are received, one or more in polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid-2-hydroxy methacrylate, poly-2-methyl-3-N-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid, polymethylmethacrylate, poly-n-butyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylic acid pentyl ester, polylauryl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, and the per-cent that accounts for material gross weight is 0-75%.
6. according to a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material claimed in claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, dispersion medium is selected from one or more mixed systems in water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), Virahol, propyl carbinol, normal hexane, hexanaphthene, toluene, p-Xylol, ethylbenzene, methylene dichloride, chloroform.
7. a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, drying mode is the one in lyophilize or supercritical drying.
8. a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, sublimation drying is 2-120 hour.
9. a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, supercritical fluid drying is supercritical CO
2or Supercritical Ethanol, be 0.5-96 hour time of drying.
10. a kind of ultralight magnetic oil absorption material according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, pyroprocessing mode is selected 150-1000 DEG C of calcining 0.5-15 hour.
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