CN103964980A - Porous granular ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive dedicated oil prepared from kitchen waste oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Porous granular ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive dedicated oil prepared from kitchen waste oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A porous granular ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive dedicated oil prepared from kitchen waste oil and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that the dedicated oil comprises the components and the weight ratio formula: 92-97% of crude swill-cooked dirty oil, 2-5% of a coagulation reducing agent, and 1-3% of an antioxidant, wherein the crude swill-cooked dirty oil is the kitchen waste oil subjected to filtering, dewatering, decolorization and deodorization treatment. The preparation method comprises the process steps: 1, preparing the raw materials according to the raw material components and the weight ratio formula: 92-97% of the crude swill-cooked dirty oil, 2-5% of the coagulation reducing agent, and 1-3% of the antioxidant; and 2, heating the crude swill-cooked dirty oil in a reaction kettle, heating up to 100-110 DEG C, starting stirring, adding the coagulation reducing agent and the antioxidant, stirring uniformly, then filtering, cooling, and barrelling. The dedicated oil and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the crude swill-cooked dirty oil having the advantages of stable performance, low price and easily obtained raw materials is used as the main raw material, the chemical materials are supplemented, and thus the porous granular ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive dedicated oil is obtained through modification of the crude swill-cooked dirty oil; and the dedicated oil is high in flashing point and appropriate in viscosity, and a prepared porous granular ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive has good explosive property and free-running property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial explosive field, the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil and the preparation method that particularly with meal kitchen abendoned oil, prepare.
Background technology
Porous particulated ammonium oil explosive is owing to having safety non-toxic, free-running property is good, produce easy and can on-the-spot mixed system etc. feature be widely used in mine blasting, its component is ammonium nitrate and solar oil (ordinary diesel oil), at GB17583-1998 < < porous particulated ammonium oil explosive > >, stipulated the component concentration of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive: ammonium nitrate is 94.0～95.0%, solar oil (ordinary diesel oil) content is 5.0～6.0%, and solar oil (ordinary diesel oil) should meet the requirement of GB252, in some formula, adopt machine oil to replace solar oil (ordinary diesel oil).
As everyone knows, along with industrialized development, energy demand is increased day by day, and petroleum-based energy reserves are originally fewer, imbalance between supply and demand is more nervous, and the petroleum chemicals prices such as vapour, diesel oil are unprecedented soaring, directly cause industrial explosive cost constantly to rise, therefore, in recent years, find alternative materials is the problem of studying in the industry always.
The disclosed a kind of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of Chinese patent CN98124310.X, is comprised of ammonium nitrate and combustible agent, and described combustible agent is the mixed solution of waste oil or waste oil and diesel oil, and waste oil is used oil, useless gear oil, waste hydraulic oil; A kind of ammonium nitrate explosive that Chinese patent CN201010545357.X proposes, described oil compositions is the recovery lubricating oil composition of diesel oil and purification, and the lubricating oil composition of recovery is to make after taking turns lubricating oil dehydration, removal of impurities by the machine oil reclaiming, hydraulic efficiency oil, gear wet goods are used.The applied substitute of diesel fuel of these technology is used machine oil, lubricated wet goods, has reduced to a certain extent cost, but still take petroleum products as main raw material.
In addition, the amount of the annual discarded meal kitchen grease producing of China is very large, if directly discharge not only causes environment and water pollution, and is a kind of serious wasting of resources.At present, the major industry purposes of utilizing food and beverage waste oil and grease is to produce for animal-feed the Chemicals such as oil, soap, coating and washing composition, with the animal-feed that waste edible oil fat adds, there is serious potential safety hazard, forbidded strictly, for the production of Chemicals there is complex process, the problem such as added value is low and the utilization of waste oil is few.In order thoroughly to stop the harm of discarded meal kitchen grease, improve its utility value, finding the new approach that utilizes has become the task of top priority.It is main raw material that the meal kitchen oil (being commonly called as " sewer oil ") of discarding is take in the present invention, is aided with a small amount of chemical material its modification is prepared and obtained, and is prepared into porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil.Not only make the production cost of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive product obviously reduce, reduce the dependency to petroleum products, realize Sustainable development.Meanwhile, Ke Shi China problem is various " sewer oil " obtained industrial resources utilization.
CN201010261374.0, CN201010261375.5 have proposed to produce for bulking ammonium nitrate explosive with sanitary waste smoke and oil and sewer oil, sanitary waste smoke and oil wherein and sewer oil are not processed through physical and chemical modified, form standard prod, and, these patented technologies only, for bulking ammonium nitrate explosive kind, do not relate to for porous particulated ammonium oil explosive; CN201110251807.9 has proposed the application of biofuel in porous particulated ammonium oil explosive is produced, biofuel is wherein that animal-plant oil is synthesized into methanol esterification through complex chemical reaction, still there is higher cost, can replace vapour, diesel oil to use in motor car engine, be used for manufacturing porous and granular ammoniumnitrate explosives, except having certain technical problem, explosive cost is still high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, be based on the discarded meal kitchen oil prodution industry reutilization technology of dealing with problems various, a kind of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil and preparation method of preparing with meal kitchen abendoned oil of cheap, superior performance is provided.
Special oil of the present invention is characterized in that: its each component and weight ratio formula are: trench crude oil 92～97%, pour point depressant 2～5%, oxidation inhibitor 1～3%, described trench crude oil is the meal kitchen abendoned oil through filtration, dehydration, decolouring, deodorizing processing, comprises one or more mixtures of animal grease, frying oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, plam oil, sunflower seed oil, corn wet goods grease.
The preparation method of special oil of the present invention is: it is characterized in that: processing step is:
1. by each component of raw material and weight ratio formula, get the raw materials ready: trench crude oil 92～97%, pour point depression
Agent 2～5%, oxidation inhibitor 1～3%, described trench crude oil is the meal kitchen abendoned oil through filtration, dehydration, decolouring, deodorizing processing, comprises one or more mixtures of animal grease, frying oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, plam oil, sunflower seed oil, corn wet goods grease.
2. trench crude oil is heated to 100～110 ℃ in reactor, starts stirring,
Add pour point depressant and oxidation inhibitor, stir, then filtration, cooling, barrelling.
The invention has the advantages that: adopt stable performance, cheap, treatment process is simple, the trench crude oil that raw material is easy to get is main raw material, be aided with a small amount of chemical material its modification preparation is obtained to porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil, its cost is low, flash-point is high, viscosity is suitable, under normal temperature, be liquid, the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive of preparing with it has good blast performance and free-running property, product meets the performance requriements of GB17583-1998 < < porous particulated ammonium oil explosive > >, and make sewer oil obtain industrial resources utilization.
embodiment:
The meal kitchen abendoned oil of described trench crude oil for processing through filtration, dehydration, decolouring, deodorizing, one or more mixtures that comprise animal grease, frying oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, plam oil, sunflower seed oil, corn wet goods grease, its calorific value is suitable with diesel oil, has the energy foundation as industrial explosive combustible agent.It is the preposition step that its existing various forms utilizes that the filtration of trench crude oil, dehydration, decolouring, deodorizing are processed.
Described pour point depressant is alkylnaphthalene (T801), poly-alpha olefins (T803), poly-alpha olefins-1(T803A), poly-alpha olefins-2(T803B), poly-alpha olefins-3(T805), one or more mixtures of polyacrylic ester (T814), in grease, add after pour point depressant, when temperature reduces, when in grease, crystallization forms, pour point depressant will play effect and the crystallization of nucleator and jointly separate out or be adsorbed on crystal surface, stop and finish the mutually bonding of intergranular, prevent from generating continuous tridimensional network, make crystalline particle trickleer, the function of this destruction of pour point depressant or change crystallization, just can reduce cold filter clogging temperature and the condensation point of grease, thereby the mobility under maintenance oil at low temperature, this is conducive to porous and granular ammonium nitrate special oil is had to better adsorptivity.
Described oxidation inhibitor is butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), four [β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester (1010), 2,6-ditertbutylparacresol (BHT), 2, one or more mixtures of 4,6-tri-butyl-phenol (246), three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester (168).When it exists on a small quantity in grease, just can delay or the carrying out of oil-control oxidising process, thereby stop grease become sour or aging, actually often use be the compound of several oxidation inhibitor, to utilize the length of various auxiliary agents, be used in conjunction with, generation synergistic effect %.
Because the flash-point of oxidation inhibitor is generally 120 ℃～130 ℃, be the function of guaranteeing to use safety and guaranteeing oxidation inhibitor, so step requires mixed solution to add oxidation inhibitor in the time of 100 ℃～110 ℃ in 3..
The technological approaches, innovative point, the object of reaching and the effect that in order to further illustrate the present invention, realize, utilize concrete Lee of enforcement further to set forth the present invention below.
Embodiment 1
Feed composition is: trench crude oil 92%, and alkylnaphthalene 5%, BHA 3%.
Performance evaluation for the special-purpose oil flash of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive, kinematic viscosity:
Press GB/T 3536-2008 and measure the special-purpose oil flash of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive;
Press GB/T265-88 and measure the kinematic viscosity of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil;
Result through said determination is as follows:
Flash-point (℃): 146, and kinematic viscosity (40 ℃, mm
2/ s): 4.55.
Embodiment 2
Feed composition is: trench crude oil 96%, and T805 3%, and BHA 1%.
By embodiment 1, provide the measuring method for the special-purpose oil flash of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive, kinematic viscosity, measurement result is as follows:
Flash-point (℃): 146, and kinematic viscosity (40 ℃, mm
2/ s): 5.18.
Embodiment 3
Feed composition is: trench crude oil 97%, and T814 2%, and BHA 1%.
By embodiment 1, provide the measuring method for the special-purpose oil flash of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive, kinematic viscosity, measurement result is as follows:
Flash-point (℃): 146, and kinematic viscosity (40 ℃, mm
2/ s): 5.41.
From embodiment, can find out, the present invention has suitable kinematic viscosity and higher flash-point to discard the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil of meal kitchen oil and fat preparation.
Application examples
Under normal temperature, by the porous and granular ammonium nitrate of mass ratio 94.5%, 5.5% porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil embodiment 1 of the present invention, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, in spiral mixing machine mixing 5min, are discarded the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive of meal kitchen oil preparation together respectively.
Comparative example
Press the method for GB17583-1998 < < porous particulated ammonium oil explosive > >, under normal temperature, the solar oil of the porous and granular ammonium nitrate of mass ratio 94.5% same 5.5%, in spiral mixing machine mixing 5min, is obtained to the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive of standard.
Blast performance data are in Table 1.
Table 1 embodiment and comparative example porous particulated ammonium oil explosive Performance Ratio are
| Oil sample | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example |
| Explosion velocity (m/s) | 3086 | 3095 | 3126 | 3102 |
By the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive blast performance of application examples and comparative example, the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive of preparing with diesel oil to discard the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil of meal kitchen oil and fat preparation, product performance all meet the requirement of GB17583-1998, can be used as the desirable combustible agent of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive.
Claims (4)
1. the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil of preparing with meal kitchen abendoned oil, it is characterized in that: its each component and weight ratio formula are: trench crude oil 92～97%, pour point depressant 2～5%, oxidation inhibitor 1～3%, described trench crude oil is the meal kitchen abendoned oil through filtration, dehydration, decolouring, deodorizing processing, comprises one or more mixtures of animal grease, frying oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, plam oil, sunflower seed oil, corn wet goods grease.
2. the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil of preparing with meal kitchen abendoned oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pour point depressant is alkylnaphthalene (T801), poly-alpha olefins (T803), poly-alpha olefins-1(T803A), poly-alpha olefins-2(T803B), poly-alpha olefins-3(T805), one or more mixtures of polyacrylic ester (T814).
3. the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil of preparing with meal kitchen abendoned oil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described oxidation inhibitor is butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), four [β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester (1010), 2,6-ditertbutylparacresol (BHT), 2, one or more mixtures of 4,6-tri-butyl-phenol (246), three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester (168).
4. with meal kitchen abendoned oil, prepare the preparation method of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive special oil, it is characterized in that: processing step is:
By each component of raw material and weight ratio formula, get the raw materials ready: trench crude oil 92～97%, pour point depressant 2～5%, oxidation inhibitor 1～3%, described trench crude oil is the meal kitchen abendoned oil through filtration, dehydration, decolouring, deodorizing processing, comprises one or more mixtures of animal grease, frying oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, plam oil, sunflower seed oil, corn wet goods grease; Trench crude oil is heated to 100～110 ℃ in reactor, starts stirring, add pour point depressant and oxidation inhibitor, stir, then filtration, cooling, barrelling.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN104211549A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2014-12-17 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Preparation method of mixed-charged emulsion explosive |
| CN106673928A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-17 | 福建海峡科化股份有限公司 | High-temperature sensitized emulsion explosives and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104211549A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2014-12-17 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Preparation method of mixed-charged emulsion explosive |
| CN106673928A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-17 | 福建海峡科化股份有限公司 | High-temperature sensitized emulsion explosives and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140806 |