CN103964799A - Autoclaved brick adopting germanium-extracted lignite tailings as main raw material and preparation method of autoclaved brick - Google Patents
Autoclaved brick adopting germanium-extracted lignite tailings as main raw material and preparation method of autoclaved brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN103964799A CN103964799A CN201410181063.1A CN201410181063A CN103964799A CN 103964799 A CN103964799 A CN 103964799A CN 201410181063 A CN201410181063 A CN 201410181063A CN 103964799 A CN103964799 A CN 103964799A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses an autoclaved brick adopting germanium-extracted lignite tailings as a main raw material and a preparation method of the autoclaved brick. The autoclaved brick comprises the following constituents: pre-treated germanium-extracted lignite tailings, fly ash, slaked lime, water and an additive. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the pre-treated germanium-extracted lignite tailings, the fly ash and the slaked lime; adding water and the additive; continuing to stir till the mixture is uniform; pressing the mixture for forming; standing; conducing autoclaved curing under the condition of 1.05-1.25 Mpa; naturally cooling to obtain the autoclaved brick adopting the germanium-extracted lignite tailings as the main raw material. The autoclaved brick and the preparation method thereof have the benefits that the energy consumption of the process is small, the utilization rate of the tailings is higher, and the product performance is better.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to autoclaved brick technical field, be specifically related to a kind of autoclaved brick taking brown coal germanium mine tailing as main raw material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with Building Trade in China sustainable development, building brick, with its good ultimate compression strength, becomes the material of construction of consumption maximum, and autoclaved brick, because its technique is simple, cost compared with low, energy consumption is little, be more and more used widely.At home and abroad in research, main is that raw material is prepared autoclaved brick with flyash, and conventionally to add cement (Yuan Mingliang, Li Kang, Lai Yingming, Deng. fly ash autoclaved brick and preparation method thereof [P] CN103193441A, 2013), but flyash goes up year by year as New Building Materials price in recent years, cement is as a kind of finished product industrial raw material, and price is relatively high.Therefore,, taking various solid waste as raw material production autoclaved brick, become the important topic that we must study.At present, though having some researchs is to utilize solid waste to prepare autoclaved brick for raw material, but the volume of mine tailing is less, additive volume is higher, thereby the higher (Li Qiuyi of cost, utilize building waste to produce autoclaved brick [P] CN101041567,2006), and the current research of preparing autoclaved brick as main raw material taking brown coal germanium tailings has no report.
In the process of carrying germanium, first by brown coal roasting, then adopt a large amount of acid-containing solution to process germanium-containing smoke dust, germanic is wherein transferred in solution, after filtration washing, filter residue through in soda-lime and after be brown coal germanium tailings.Brown coal germanium tailings is mainly taked to stack and is processed at present, easily causes the problems such as occupation of land, contaminate environment, also causes very large potential safety hazard simultaneously.Therefore, how to utilize brown coal germanium tailings to cause scientific research personnel's concern, current research is mainly to prepare building materials aspect.As: utilize brown coal germanium tailings to prepare sintering ceramsite and baking-free ceramicite, and the research of preparing autoclaved brick taking brown coal germanium tailings as raw material have no and report for work.It is matrix composition autoclaved brick that this research adopts brown coal germanium tailings, and to realize, secondary resource is recycled and the object of environmental protection.Technique of the present invention is simple, energy consumption is little, tailings utilization ratio is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome existing technological deficiency, it is simple that object is to provide a kind of technique, the autoclaved brick that the brown coal germanium tailings that energy consumption is less is main raw material, this autoclaved brick constituent and weight percent thereof are that pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50wt% ~ 65wt%, flyash 10wt% ~ 20wt%, slaked lime 10wt% ~ 15wt%, water 10wt% ~ 15wt%, addition are the additive of slaked lime weight 2.0 wt% ~ 2.05wt%; The weight percent sum of each component is 100%.
Wherein said additive be in sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate or calcium oxide one or more arbitrarily than mixture.
Described pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings is first brown coal germanium tailings to be dried to water ratio to be less than 1wt%, then is crushed to granularity <3mm, obtains pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the raw material <20wt% of 0.074mm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method taking brown coal germanium tailings as the autoclaved brick of main raw material, and concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings, slaked lime, flyash are poured in stirrer and is dry mixed after 4min ~ 5min, add water and additive to continue to stir 3 ~ 5min;
(2) will after step (1) gained compound ageing 1h ~ 2h, be pressed into adobe, forming pressure is 10～20Mpa;
(3) step (2) gained adobe is rested after 6h and put into steam-cured still, be 150～160 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.05Mpa ~ 1.25Mpa, steam press maintenance 5h ~ 8h under autoclaved condition, naturally cooling, is able to the autoclaved brick that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material.
The germanium of brown coal described in the present invention tailings refers to and will after germanic brown coal screening, coal briquette processed, add chain furnace to smelt, adopt whirlwind smoke collector, bagroom to collect to the germanium-containing smoke dust producing in stove, then adopt 8～9mol/L hydrochloric acid soln to the germanium-containing smoke dust leaching of heating, Heating temperature is for being 80 ~ 90 DEG C, extraction time 4h-8h, germanium is transferred in infusion solution with the form of germanium tetrachloride, by solution filter, is neutralized to neutrality obtains brown coal germanium tailings after residue washing through soda-lime; The brown coal germanium tailings granularity making is thicker, and particle diameter is greater than the tailings >80% of 3mm, needs through the balling-up of grinding ability; Its plasticity index is 12% ~ 14%, and plasticity-is medium; The smelting of germanic brown coal adopts ordinary method to carry out, as implemented with reference to method in application number 93121175.1.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention prepares autoclaved brick taking brown coal germanium tailings as raw material, for such mine tailing provides the approach that effectively utilizes, has solved the potential safety hazard that tailings impoundment causes, the problems such as environmental pollution;
2, in the present invention, brown coal germanium tailings is also washed through acidleach early stage, and mineral surface is more coarse, and therefore in these mineral, the silica containing activity of institute is higher, is conducive to the carrying out of further hydration reaction, therefore the autoclaved brick intensity of preparation is higher;
3, this preparation technology only needs steam press maintenance and does not need high-temperature roasting, has saved production cost, has effectively reduced energy consumption;
4, the slaked lime in the present invention replaces unslaked lime, avoids digesting blank strength decline problem uneven and that cause, has improved the production efficiency of autoclaved brick.
Therefore, the present invention has environmental friendliness, and the advantage that energy consumption is little has been widened the raw material sources of autoclaved brick, has opened up the new way of brown coal germanium tailings comprehensive utilization, and its product strength is high, superior in durability.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described content, in the present embodiment, agents useful for same if no special instructions, is conventional commercial reagent.
The germanium of brown coal described in embodiment tailings is all from Yunnan ore dressing company, it is by adding chain furnace to smelt after germanic brown coal screening, coal briquette processed, adopt whirlwind smoke collector, bagroom to collect to the germanium-containing smoke dust producing in stove, then adopt 8～9mol/L hydrochloric acid soln to the germanium-containing smoke dust leaching of heating, Heating temperature is for being 80 ~ 90 DEG C, extraction time 4h ~ 8h, germanium is transferred in infusion solution with the form of germanium tetrachloride, by solution filter, after residue washing, be neutralized to neutrality through soda-lime and obtain brown coal germanium tailings.
embodiment 1:autoclaved brick taking brown coal germanium tailings as main raw material is made by following raw material, and each raw material and weight percent are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50wt %, flyash 20wt%, slaked lime 15wt %, water 14.7wt%, addition are the additive sulfuric acid sodium of slaked lime weight 2wt%.
The preparation process of this brown coal germanium tailings autoclaved brick is as follows:
(1) first brown coal germanium tailings is dried to water ratio and be less than 1wt%, then be crushed to granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm;
(2) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50g, flyash 20g, slaked lime 15g are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed after 4min, add 14.7g water and 0.3g additive sulfuric acid sodium to continue to stir 3min;
(3) will after step (2) gained compound ageing 1h, be pressed into adobe, forming pressure is 10Mpa;
(4) step (3) gained adobe being rested after 6h and put into steam-cured still, is 150 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, and steam press maintenance pressure is 1.05Mpa, steam press maintenance 5h under autoclaved condition, and cooling, is able to the autoclaved brick that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material naturally.
The autoclaved brick good looking appearance that the present embodiment is prepared, ultimate compression strength is 15.82Mpa, has good later strength and endurance quality.
embodiment 2:autoclaved brick constituent taking brown coal germanium tailings as main raw material and weight percent thereof as: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 65wt %, flyash 10wt%, slaked lime 10 wt %, water 14.795wt%, addition are the calcium sulfate of flyash weight 2.05 wt%.
The preparation process of above-mentioned brown coal germanium tailings autoclaved brick is as follows:
(1) first brown coal germanium tailings is dried to water ratio and be less than 1wt%, then be crushed to granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm;
(2) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 65g, flyash 10g, slaked lime 10g are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed after 5min, add 14.795g water and 0.205g additive sulfuric acid calcium to continue to stir 5min;
(3) will after step (2) gained compound ageing 2h, be pressed into adobe, forming pressure is 15Mpa;
(4) step (3) gained adobe being rested after 6h and put into steam-cured still, is 160 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, and steam press maintenance pressure is 1.25Mpa, steam press maintenance 8h under autoclaved condition, and cooling, is able to the autoclaved brick that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material naturally.
The autoclaved brick good looking appearance that the present embodiment is prepared, ultimate compression strength is 16.52Mpa, has good later strength and endurance quality.
embodiment 3: the autoclaved brick constituent taking brown coal germanium tailings as main raw material and weight percent thereof as: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 54.7wt %, flyash 20wt%, slaked lime 12wt %, water 13.058wt%, addition are the additive of flyash weight 2.02 wt% (calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate and calcium oxide in mass ratio 1:1:1 mix make).
The preparation process of this brown coal germanium tailings autoclaved brick is:
(1) first brown coal germanium tailings is dried to water ratio and be less than 1wt%, then be crushed to granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm;
(2) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 54.7g, flyash 20g, slaked lime 12g are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed after 4.5min, add 13.058g water and 0.242g additive (calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate and calcium oxide mixture) to continue to stir 4min;
(3) will after step (2) gained compound ageing 1.5h, be pressed into adobe, forming pressure is 20Mpa;
(4) step (3) gained adobe being rested after 6h and put into steam-cured still, is 155 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, and steam press maintenance pressure is 1.1Mpa, steam press maintenance 6h under autoclaved condition, and cooling, is able to the autoclaved brick that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material naturally;
The autoclaved brick good looking appearance that the present embodiment is prepared, ultimate compression strength is 17.36Mpa, has good later strength and endurance quality.
embodiment 4: the autoclaved brick taking brown coal germanium tailings as main raw material is made by following raw material, and each raw material and weight percent are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 60wt %, flyash 15wt%, slaked lime 14wt %, water 10.72wt%, addition are the additive (sodium sulfate and calcium oxide in mass ratio 2:1 mixing make) of flyash weight 2wt%.
The preparation process of above-mentioned brown coal germanium tailings autoclaved brick is:
(1) first brown coal germanium tailings is dried to water ratio and be less than 1wt%, then be crushed to granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than 0.074mm<20wt%;
(2) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 60g, flyash 15g, slaked lime 14g are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed after 5min, add 10.72g water and 0.28g additive (sodium sulfate and calcium oxide mixture) to continue to stir 5min;
(3) will after step (2) gained compound ageing 1h, be pressed into adobe, forming pressure is 18Mpa;
(4) step (3) gained adobe being rested after 6h and put into steam-cured still, is 158 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, and steam press maintenance pressure is 1.15Mpa, steam press maintenance 7h under autoclaved condition, and cooling, is able to the autoclaved brick that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material naturally.
The autoclaved brick good looking appearance that the present embodiment is prepared, ultimate compression strength is 18.54Mpa, has good later strength and endurance quality.
Claims (4)
1. the autoclaved brick taking brown coal germanium tailings as main raw material, is characterized in that constituent and weight percent thereof are: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings 50wt% ~ 65wt%, flyash 10wt% ~ 20wt%, slaked lime 10wt% ~ 15wt%, water 10wt% ~ 15wt%, addition are the additive of slaked lime weight 2.0wt% ~ 2.05wt%.
2. the autoclaved brick taking brown coal germanium tailings as main raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: additive be in sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium oxide one or more arbitrarily than mixture.
3. the autoclaved brick taking brown coal germanium tailings as main raw material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings is first brown coal germanium tailings to be dried to water ratio to be less than 1wt%, be crushed to again granularity <3mm, obtain pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings; In pre-treatment tailings, particle diameter is less than the tailings <20wt% of 0.074mm.
4. the preparation method taking brown coal germanium tailings as the autoclaved brick of main raw material claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that preparation process is as follows:
(1) pre-treatment brown coal germanium tailings, flyash, slaked lime are poured in stirrer and be dry mixed after 4min ~ 5min, add water and additive to continue to stir 3 ~ 5min;
(2) will after step (1) gained compound ageing 1h ~ 2h, be pressed into adobe, forming pressure is 10～20Mpa;
(3) step (2) gained adobe is rested after 6h and put into steam-cured still, be 150～160 DEG C in steam press maintenance temperature, steam press maintenance pressure is 1.05Mpa ~ 1.25Mpa, steam press maintenance 5h ~ 8h under autoclaved condition, naturally cooling, is able to the autoclaved brick that brown coal germanium tailings is main raw material.
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| CN201410181063.1A CN103964799B (en) | 2014-05-04 | 2014-05-04 | The steam-pressing brisk and preparation method thereof being primary raw material with brown coal germanium tailings |
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| CN201410181063.1A CN103964799B (en) | 2014-05-04 | 2014-05-04 | The steam-pressing brisk and preparation method thereof being primary raw material with brown coal germanium tailings |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109226212A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-18 | 西安凯立新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of method of germanium castaway slag recycling and reusing |
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| WO2013147608A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | Van Nieuwpoort Beheer B.V. | Binder composition comprising lignite fly ash |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2013147608A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | Van Nieuwpoort Beheer B.V. | Binder composition comprising lignite fly ash |
| CN103288407A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-09-11 | 武汉理工大学 | Autoclaved brick prepared by utilizing stone coal vanadium extraction tailings as main raw material and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 史伟等: "《粉煤灰在高硫石煤提钒尾渣蒸压砖制备中的应用》", 《硅酸盐通报》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109226212A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-18 | 西安凯立新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of method of germanium castaway slag recycling and reusing |
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