CN103964552A - Method for restraining formation and growth of spirogyra on water surfaces - Google Patents
Method for restraining formation and growth of spirogyra on water surfaces Download PDFInfo
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- CN103964552A CN103964552A CN201410152095.9A CN201410152095A CN103964552A CN 103964552 A CN103964552 A CN 103964552A CN 201410152095 A CN201410152095 A CN 201410152095A CN 103964552 A CN103964552 A CN 103964552A
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- spirogyra
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- dioxide peroxide
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000196294 Spirogyra Species 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- CWHJIJJSDGEHNS-MYLFLSLOSA-N Senegenin Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@](C)(C(O)=O)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)C(CC[C@]4(CCC(C[C@H]44)(C)C)C(O)=O)=C4[C@@H](CCl)C[C@@H]3[C@]21C CWHJIJJSDGEHNS-MYLFLSLOSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229930002868 chlorophyll a Natural products 0.000 description 4
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000009871 tenuigenin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000001782 photodegradation Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- ASCHNMXUWBEZDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloridodioxygen(.) Chemical compound [O]OCl ASCHNMXUWBEZDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003763 chloroplast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- UPLPHRJJTCUQAY-WIRWPRASSA-N 2,3-thioepoxy madol Chemical compound C([C@@H]1CC2)[C@@H]3S[C@@H]3C[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@](C)(O)[C@@]2(C)CC1 UPLPHRJJTCUQAY-WIRWPRASSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZHLKXBJTJHRTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorobenside Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1CSC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 ZHLKXBJTJHRTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 210000004292 cytoskeleton Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- UVQYMEMTCMFUIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(1+) Chemical compound O=[Cl+]=O UVQYMEMTCMFUIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005826 halohydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MGIYRDNGCNKGJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiazolinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CSN1 MGIYRDNGCNKGJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004630 mental health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003206 sterilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for restraining the formation and growth of spirogyra on water surfaces. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the daylight intensity is 2500-5000 lux, and water temperature is 7-25 DEG C, chlorine dioxide with the concentration of 2.3-4.5 mg/L is splashed or put on the water surfaces of water bodies of ponds, ditches, or lakes, in which a large amount of spirogyra grows, for 2-3 times with the time interval of 5 minutes, so as to enable the chlorine dioxide to be in full contact with the spirogyra on the water surfaces for 10-15 minutes, the structure of the spirogyra is damaged, and finally, the spirogyra degrades automatically until disappearing. Therefore, the purposes of restraining the formation and growth of spirogyra on the water surfaces are achieved, and that a large amount of spirogyra breeds is controlled. The method provided by the invention is suitable for restraining the formation and growth of spirogyra on the water surfaces of water bodies of the ponds, the ditches, or the lakes, and controlling the condition that a large amount of spirogyra breeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water body environment resist technology, particularly relate to a kind of for suppressing the continuous method that forms and grow of water surface water.
Background technology
How effectively to control the great attention that the continuous outburst of water is more and more subject to people.Water silk floss (spirogyra) is the eucaryon many cells algae living in fresh water, and frond is the filament of the not branch that is linked to be by 1 row cylindrical cell, and there is more pectin substance on frond surface, quite feels stick-slip with hand while touch.Under the microscope, in visible each cell, there is one to multiple ribbon leaf margin body, in the shape of a spiral in being born in the tenuigenin of being close to side in cell walls, on chloroplast(id), there is 1 row pyrenoids, there is 1 large vacuole in cell central authorities, 1 nucleus is arranged in a tenuigenin of vacuole central authorities, and circumnuclear tenuigenin and surrounding are close between the tenuigenin of cell walls, has many radial cytoplasmic filaments to be connected.Be generally fresh water production, be distributed in pond, irrigation canals and ditches, river and lake etc., growth rapidly, reproductivity is strong, grows very easily in a large number, often floats on water surface, affect other hydrobiological growths, contaminate environment, has had a strong impact on the health of water ecological setting and attractive in appearance.
At present, algae-removing method mainly adopts and manually drags for algae, flocculation, the Physicals such as filtration, throw in copper sulfate, the chemical agents such as isothiazolinone, add ozone, the chemical methods such as Iodophor, and materialization combined techniques, throw in the methods such as photosynthetic bacterium biological treatment, although can reach certain treatment effect, but workload is large, Financial cost is high, secondary pollution is serious, control the continuous outburst of water effect poor, and affect water quality, throwing chlorbenside algae can cause a large amount of harmful side product halohydrocarbon to generate, when using clorox as algicide, dispensing concentration is higher, long reaction time, clorox can cause other hydrocoles in water body simultaneously, waterplant and beneficial microorganism major injury, structure and the function of water ecosystem are destroyed, produce on the contrary secondary pollution and cause water quality deterioration, peculiar smell is serious simultaneously, affect people's physical and mental health.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of for suppressing the continuous method that forms and grow of water surface water, to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, use of the present invention for suppressing the continuous method that forms and grow of water surface water, not only can in the water body in pond, irrigation canals and ditches or lake, efficiently suppress the continuous growth of water, and, can not cause secondary pollution of water, even noresidue yet.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method for suppressing the continuous formation of water surface water and growing of the present invention to achieve the above object, operates as follows:
Be 2500lux-5000lux in day illumination, when water temperature is 7-25 DEG C, have to growth on the water body water surface such as pond, irrigation canals and ditches or lake of large water gaging silk floss and splash or throw in the dioxide peroxide that concentration is 2.3mg/L-4.5mg/L, threw in once every 5 minutes, throw in 2-3 time, make the continuous 10-15 minute that fully contacts of dioxide peroxide and water surface water, and the structure of water surface water silk floss is broken ring, finally clears up voluntarily, until disappear, reach the formation and the growth that suppress water surface water silk floss, thereby control the continuous outburst of water.
Dioxide peroxide can be killed various bacteria and virus as potent sterilizing agent, in the sterilization of the sterilization of tap water, hospital, be used widely, if but used arbitrarily in growth has the natural water such as pond, irrigation canals and ditches or lake of water silk floss, can affect other hydrobiological existence and growths, the structure of havoc water ecosystem and function, have a strong impact on water ecology landscape security pattern, even affect territory Ecological safety pattern, affect people's living environment with healthy.
Of the present invention a kind of for suppressing the continuous method that forms and grow of water surface water, it mainly utilizes the strong oxidizing property of dioxide peroxide to suppress formation and the growth of water surface water silk floss, control the continuous outburst of water, and also utilize dioxide peroxide to be subject to the characteristic of photodissociation, avoid dioxide peroxide to other hydrobiological damages, and affect structure and the function of water ecosystem, prevent and treat the secondary pollution of water body, thereby improved water body environment.
Dioxide peroxide has very strong affinity to phenyl ring in water body, and it can make phenyl ring change and make it odorless tasteless.The material that main component in the continuous structure of water is similar benzene ring structure, and it is present in chloroplast(id) in a large number.Therefore, in the time of certain density dioxide peroxide and the contact of water silk floss, can there is same effect, pyrrole ring in the continuous chlorophyll a of dioxide peroxide and water will react, the structure of the chlorophyll a in water silk floss is also corresponding there is a series of change, and destroy the composition structure of chlorophyll a, finally cause the death of water surface water silk floss, suppress the water surface water silk floss in water body.
Illumination is 2500lux-5000lux by day, water temperature 7-25 DEG C time, there is the pond of large water gaging silk floss to growth, on the water body water surface such as irrigation canals and ditches or lake, splash and throw in the dioxide peroxide that concentration is 2.3mg/L-4.5mg/L, threw in once every 5 minutes, throw in 2-3 time, make the continuous 10-15 minute that fully contacts of dioxide peroxide and water surface water, dioxide peroxide is rapid diffusion in water body, utilize it to enter the continuous cell of water with monomolecular form, cause its protein structure and chlorophyll a to change, thereby destroy the integrity of its cell, finally cause the death of the continuous cell of water surface water, because dioxide peroxide has very strong penetrating and adsorptive power to microbial cell wall, in the time that they contact, dioxide peroxide can be attached to rapidly on the continuous cell walls of water, afterwards through its surface and its enzyme generation series reaction, by the rapid Oxidative demage of the continuous cell of water, finally cause its dead decomposition.The velocity of diffusion of dioxide peroxide in water is quite fast, fully contact after 10-15 minute when dioxide peroxide and water surface water are continuous, water surface water silk floss is also dissipation voluntarily of death, when water temperature is at 7-25 DEG C in the situation that, the clearance of water silk floss can reach 90%-94%, has efficient inhibition.
Dioxide peroxide not only has the continuous effect forming of significant inhibition water surface water, not affected by water quality potential of hydrogen in water body, and can not reduce its oxygenizement during containing ammonia in water.Dioxide peroxide is comparatively responsive to light simultaneously, sees that light easily decomposes, and the dioxide peroxide dissolving in water, is 0.20mol/E in the photodissociation quantum rate at 436nm place, rises to 1.0mol/E at 405nm place.
Dioxide peroxide is shown in that light easily decomposes, to throw in concentration be 2.3mg/L-4.5mg/L dioxide peroxide is in the process reacting with water surface water silk floss, also can be 2500lux-5000lux along with day illumination time, photodissociation voluntarily within a certain period of time, dioxide peroxide transformation period in water is 2.5-4.5 minute, can not produce secondary pollution, can not cause damage to other hydrocoles, waterplant and beneficial microorganism existence, avoid destroying structure and the function of water ecosystem.In 40 centimetres of following water bodys of the depth of water, chlorine dioxide concentration is zero substantially.
Its photodegradation reactional equation is as follows:
OClO+hv → OClO
*(primary reaction), OClO
*→ ClO+O (secondary reaction), dioxide peroxide photodegradation reaction is simultaneously first order reaction, reaction kinetics equation is as follows: dc/dt=-kc, therefore, known by experiment, under the condition that is 2500lux-5000lux in day illumination, when throwing in concentration while being 4.2mg/L, dioxide peroxide over time and the equation of photodissociation: C=-0.6231t+4.2709.
As seen from Figure 1: the dioxide peroxide that input concentration is 4.2mg/L, under the condition that is 2500lux-5000lux in day illumination, just basic photodissociation in 5-7 minute is complete, transformation period under the condition that dioxide peroxide is 2500lux-5000lux in day illumination is 3.5 minutes, can not produce secondary pollution to water body, safety and environmental protection.
Therefore, be under 2500lux-5000lux in day illumination, have to growth on the water body water surface such as pond, irrigation canals and ditches or lake of large water gaging silk floss and splash and throw in the dioxide peroxide that concentration is 2.3mg/L-4.5mg/L, threw in once every 5 minutes, throw in 2-3 time, dioxide peroxide fully contacts 10-15 minute with water surface water is continuous, water temperature 7-25 DEG C time, the continuous clearance of water surface water just reaches 90%-94%, and can not cause the increase of organic concentration matter in water.Can not cause damage to other hydrocoles, waterplant and beneficial microorganism existence, structure and the function of water ecosystem are avoided destroying, prevent and treat secondary pollution, for control and the control of water surface water silk floss, improve water body environment, recovering good water ecological environment provides new thinking, and has important learning value and realistic meaning.
By the comparison of various sterilized product (equipment) feature in table one, also can find out the unique advantage possessing aspect the continuous growth of inhibition water surface water.Utilize the strong oxidizing property of dioxide peroxide to suppress formation and the generation of water surface water silk floss, avoid secondary pollution, will become the bright spot of effective this difficult problem of solution.Efficiently suppress the continuous agent of water surface water as environmentally friendly one, have great application prospect.
The comparison of the various sterilized product of table one (equipment) feature:
A kind of formation and growth that is applicable to suppress the water body water surface water silk flosses such as pond, irrigation canals and ditches or lake for suppressing the continuous method forming and grow of water surface water of the present invention, controls the continuous outburst of water.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is dioxide peroxide photodegradation of the present invention and the graph of a relation of time.
Embodiment
To a kind ofly be described in further detail for suppressing continuous the formation with the method for growth of water surface water of the present invention below.
The operation of the method is as follows:
Be 2500lux-5000lux in day illumination, when water temperature is 7-25 DEG C, have to growth on the water body water surface such as pond, irrigation canals and ditches or lake of large water gaging silk floss and splash or throw in the dioxide peroxide that concentration is 2.3mg/L-4.5mg/L, threw in once every 5 minutes, throw in 2-3 time, make the continuous 10-15 minute that fully contacts of dioxide peroxide and water surface water, and the structure of water surface water silk floss is broken ring, finally clears up voluntarily, until disappear, reach the formation and the growth that suppress water surface water silk floss, thereby control the continuous outburst of water.
Claims (1)
1. for suppressing, water surface water is continuous to be formed and a method of growing, and it is characterized in that the operation of the method is as follows:
Be 2500lux-5000lux in day illumination, when water temperature is 7-25 DEG C, have to growth on the water body water surface such as pond, irrigation canals and ditches or lake of large water gaging silk floss and splash or throw in the dioxide peroxide that concentration is 2.3mg/L-4.5mg/L, threw in once every 5 minutes, throw in 2-3 time, make the continuous 10-15 minute that fully contacts of dioxide peroxide and water surface water, and the structure of water surface water silk floss is broken ring, finally clears up voluntarily, until disappear, reach the formation and the growth that suppress water surface water silk floss, thereby control the continuous outburst of water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410152095.9A CN103964552B (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2014-04-16 | A kind of for suppressing water surface water silk floss to form the method with growth |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410152095.9A CN103964552B (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2014-04-16 | A kind of for suppressing water surface water silk floss to form the method with growth |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103964552A true CN103964552A (en) | 2014-08-06 |
| CN103964552B CN103964552B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105875639A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-24 | 河南师范大学 | Compounded algicide and preparation method thereof |
| CN106879628A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-06-23 | 广州通穗环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method for removing moss in water |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101264944A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2008-09-17 | 南京大学 | Blue algae water bloom controlling method |
| CN102020376A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2011-04-20 | 金圣钟 | Method for removing algae using chlorine dioxide and device thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-04-16 CN CN201410152095.9A patent/CN103964552B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101264944A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2008-09-17 | 南京大学 | Blue algae water bloom controlling method |
| CN102020376A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2011-04-20 | 金圣钟 | Method for removing algae using chlorine dioxide and device thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王 永仪等: "二氧化氯杀菌杀藻效果的研究", 《工业水处理》, vol. 14, no. 6, 31 December 1994 (1994-12-31) * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105875639A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-24 | 河南师范大学 | Compounded algicide and preparation method thereof |
| CN105875639B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2018-05-22 | 河南师范大学 | A kind of Compositional type algicide and preparation method thereof |
| CN106879628A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-06-23 | 广州通穗环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method for removing moss in water |
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| CN103964552B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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Inventor after: Zhang Yinjiang Inventor after: Peng Qunzhou Inventor after: Zhai Sifan Inventor after: Chen Xiaojun Inventor after: Wang Fang Inventor after: Hua Renfeng Inventor after: Ji Fen Inventor after: Song Yingying Inventor before: Zhang Yinjiang Inventor before: Peng Qunzhou Inventor before: Zhai Sifan Inventor before: Chen Xiaojun Inventor before: Wang Fang Inventor before: Hua Renfeng |
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Granted publication date: 20160420 |