CN103956946A - Low-voltage high-power direct-current motor control circuit with overcurrent protection function - Google Patents
Low-voltage high-power direct-current motor control circuit with overcurrent protection function Download PDFInfo
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- CN103956946A CN103956946A CN201410171108.7A CN201410171108A CN103956946A CN 103956946 A CN103956946 A CN 103956946A CN 201410171108 A CN201410171108 A CN 201410171108A CN 103956946 A CN103956946 A CN 103956946A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-voltage high-power direct-current motor control circuit with an overcurrent protection function. The low-voltage high-power direct-current motor control circuit comprises an external high-power direct-current power supply, an overcurrent protection circuit, a control signal amplifying circuit and a power amplifying circuit. The low-voltage high-power direct-current motor control circuit is high in efficiency, high in driving power, high in reliability, long in service life and low in cost. The response speed and driving rate of a product are increased, normal work of the circuits can be effectively protected through multi-stage protection measures, and the low-voltage high-power direct-current motor control circuit has good application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low-pressure high-power DC MOTOR CONTROL field, more specifically, relate to a kind of control circuit of direct current machine of the low-voltage high-power with overcurrent protection.
Background technology
Motor is as main electromechanical energy conversion device at present, and range of application has spreaded all in the household electrical appliances and consumption electronic product of industrial and agricultural production, communications and transportation, national defence scientific research, health care and various daily lifes.Along with the appearance of savings battery, the use of the direct current machine of various low pressure is also more extensive.For the DC motor to these low pressure starts, braking, the physical quantitys such as rotating control, voltage, electric current, power are controlled, and need to configure suitable drive circuit to motor.Along with the difference of application product, the driving power of direct current machine requires different, and the type of drive of various direct current machines is also various.Common drive circuit has following two kinds:
1) as shown in Figure 1, a termination external dc power of the coil of relay, the other end is connected on the C utmost point of triode, and the triode E utmost point connects power supply ground.Drive signal through being loaded into conducting or shutoff between the B utmost point control triode C, the E utmost point of triode after electric resistance partial pressure, thus control relay adhesive and disconnection.The switch termination direct current machine of relay can be controlled the running of direct current machine.In the time driving signal input high level, triode conducting, relay adhesive, motor rotation; In the time driving signal input low level, triode cut-off, relay disconnects, motor stalling.When triode becomes when cut-off from conducting, relay winding generates a larger self induction voltage, so at the coil two ends of relay reverse parallel connection twin zener dioder, to absorb this electromotive force.The advantage of sort circuit is that circuit is simple, and drive motors power can be according to using different relays to determine.But it is larger that sort circuit is affected by relay, require larger relay for actuating force, adopt transistor drive circuit may occur driving hypodynamic situation, and may greatly reduce the useful life of circuit.
2), in order to address the above problem, people have found out the stronger drive circuit of another kind of power drive power.As shown in Figure 2, replace triode with metal-oxide-semiconductor, can realize equally the function of control relay adhesive and disconnection.Utilize the characteristic of the super-high-current of metal-oxide-semiconductor, promote control end and bear current range.In the occasion of large electric current, between the D utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor and the S utmost point, can bear larger electric current and flow through, greatly promote the actuating force of Control end.Circuit after improvement has not only increased the actuating force of circuit, and has reduced the infringement to switching device, has promoted greatly the useful life of circuit.In governing system, relay frequently adhesive disconnects, like this for still having a great impact the useful life of circuit, and also higher in the cost price of the control circuit repeat circuit of super-large current, make the cost of whole circuit also relatively high, in actual production, do not calculate.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, provides a kind of efficiency high, and driving power is large, and reliability is high, long service life, the low-pressure high-power DC motor control circuit with overcurrent protection that cost is low.
Object of the present invention can reach by the following technical programs:
With a low-pressure high-power DC motor control circuit for overcurrent protection, comprise external dc power, also comprise current foldback circuit and with its connection control signal amplifying circuit and power amplification circuit;
Described current foldback circuit comprises control chip IC1, resistance R 5-R10, resistance R 16-R18, resistance R 26, resistance R 28, triode Q12 and capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2;
Described control signal amplifying circuit comprises triode Q10, Q11 and resistance R 15, R21;
Described power amplification circuit comprises sustained diode 3, D4, D5, D8, D10, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1-Q3 and Electric Machine Control interface P2;
One end of the first pin OutPutA connecting resistance R5 of described control chip IC1, also connects digitally by resistance R 6; One end of the 2nd pin InPutA-connecting resistance R10 of control chip IC1, also connects the collector electrode of triode Q12 by resistance R 26, the emitter of triode Q12 connects digitally; One end of the 3rd pin InPutA+ connecting resistance R9 of control chip IC1, also meets the 7th pin OutPutB of control chip IC1; The 4th pin GND of control chip IC1 connects digitally; The 5th pin InPutB+ of control chip IC1, by one end of resistance R 7 connecting resistance R28, also connects one end, one end of capacitor C 2 and one end of resistance R 18 of capacitor C 1; The 6th pin InPutB-of control chip IC1 meets the 7th pin OutPutB of control chip IC1 by resistance R 16; The other end of the 8th pin VCC connecting resistance R28 of control chip IC1, the other end, the other end of resistance R 9 and the other end of resistance R 10 of resistance R 5; The 8th pin VCC of control chip IC1 also connects external dc power;
The 6th pin InPutB-of the other end of capacitor C 1, C2 and control chip IC1 connects digitally, and the other end of capacitor C 1 also connects digitally by resistance R 17; Another termination external dc power ground of resistance R 18 connects digitally simultaneously; The base stage of triode Q12 meets the 2nd pin InPutA-of control chip IC1 by resistance R 8;
The first pin OutPutA of control chip IC1 connects the base stage of triode Q10 and the base stage of triode Q11 by resistance R 15; The collector electrode of triode Q10 connects external dc power, and the emitter of triode Q10 connects the emitter of triode Q11, and the collector electrode of triode Q11 connects digitally, and the emitter of triode Q10 also connects digitally by R21;
The 1st pin of sustained diode 8 connects the 2nd pin of external dc power and sustained diode 8, the 3rd pin of sustained diode 8 meets the K end of fly-wheel diode D3, the D utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the D utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the D utmost point and the Electric Machine Control interface P2 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, and the A termination of sustained diode 3 digitally; The S utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 connects digitally, and the G utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 connects the A end of fly-wheel diode D4 and one end of resistance R 1; The S utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 connects digitally, and the G utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 connects the A end of fly-wheel diode D5 and one end of resistance R 2; The S utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 connects digitally, and the G utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 connects the A end of fly-wheel diode D10 and enables one end of resistance R 3; The K end of the K termination sustained diode 10 of sustained diode 4, the K end of sustained diode 5, the other end, the other end of resistance R 2 and the other end of resistance R 3 of resistance R 1; The emitter of another termination triode Q10 of resistance R 2.
Said external DC power supply is outside high-power DC power supply; The present invention adopts the control end of control chip IC1 as automatic overcurrent protection; Real-Time Monitoring electric current, by detecting the generation of size control pwm control signal of electric current, thereby controls turning on and off of MOS switching tube Q10; make motor rotation or stall, form defencive function.If after circuital current overcurrent, motor stalling, whole circuit output voltage reduces, and can cause output current to reduce, and in the time that electric current recovers normal range (NR), circuit recovers again normal operating conditions, so this circuit also has self-recovering function.Due to this specific character of this circuit, greatly increase the dependable with function of circuit, life of product is also greatly improved;
This circuit metal-oxide-semiconductor can be used as power amplifying device use in parallel, has improved greatly the driving power to outside direct current machine; Sustained diode 8 is fast recovery diode, absorbs rapidly the inverse electromotive force of motor with protection metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit in the moment of motor stalling.The high-speed switch characteristic of metal-oxide-semiconductor, is well positioned to meet the frequent starting of direct current machine and the requirement of speed governing, the useful life of also having improved circuit.Meanwhile, with respect to the scheme of the relay drive motors of super-large current, what the cost of metal-oxide-semiconductor will be low is many, and this more can adapt to actual production application demand.
Described resistance R 28, R7, R5, R9, R10 are pull-up resistor, and resistance R 18, R16, R6, R21 are divider resistance, and resistance R 17 is current-limiting resistance, and resistance R 15, R1, R2, R3, R8, R26 are for enabling resistance, and capacitor C 1, C2 are filter capacitor.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following outstanding beneficial effect: whole circuit efficiency is high, and driving power is large, good reliability, and long service life, cost is low.The reaction rate and the driving rate that have improved product, the effective protective circuit of multi-stage protection measure is normally worked, and has good application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the triode control relay driving circuit principle figure of direct current machine in prior art.
Fig. 2 is the metal-oxide-semiconductor control relay driving circuit principle figure of direct current machine in prior art.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, 1-current foldback circuit; 2-control signal amplifying circuit; 3-power amplification circuit; IC1-control chip; R28, R7, R5, R9, R10-pull-up resistor, R18 R6, R16, R21-divider resistance, R17-current-limiting resistance; Q1, Q2, Q3-MOS pipe; Q10, Q11, Q12-triode, D3, D4, D5, D8, D10-fly-wheel diode, the outside high-power DC power supply of POWER-; the outside high-power DC power supply of P4-ground; R15, R1, R2, R3, R8, R26-enable resistance, C1, C2-filter capacitor, P2-Electric Machine Control interface.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Fig. 3 forms specific embodiments of the invention 1.
With reference to Fig. 3, the present embodiment comprises control chip IC1, pull-up resistor R28, R7, divider resistance R18, R16, current-limiting resistance R17, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3, triode Q10, Q11, Q12, sustained diode 3, D4, D5, D8, D10.Its design feature is also to comprise outside high-power DC power supply, outside high-power DC power supply ground P4, pull-up resistor R5, R9, R10, enable resistance R 15, R1, R2, R3, R8, R26, divider resistance R6, R21, filter capacitor C1, C2, Electric Machine Control interface P2;
Described outside high-power DC power supply and filter capacitor C1, C2; control chip IC1, pull-up resistor R5, R9, R10, R28, R7, divider resistance R6, R16, R18, R8, R26; current-limiting resistance R17, outside high-power DC power supply ground P4 forms current foldback circuit.The first pin of control chip IC1 connects to draw one end of resistance R 5 and one end of divider resistance R6 and export control signal OutPutA and is connected circuit below, the 2nd pin of control chip IC1 connects and draws one end of resistance R 10 and one end of resistance R 26, the 3rd pin of control chip IC1 connects and draws one end of resistance R 9 and the 7th pin of control chip IC1, the 4th pin of control chip IC1 connects digitally the other end with divider resistance R6, the 5th pin of control chip IC1 connects the one end of drawing resistance R 7, one end of divider resistance R18, one end of filter capacitor C1, one end of filter capacitor C2, one end of the 6th pin connecting resistance R16 of control chip IC1 and digitally, the other end of the 7th pin connecting resistance R16 of control chip IC1 and the 3rd pin of control chip IC1, the 8th pin of control chip IC1 connects outside high-power DC power supply.The outside high-power DC power supply of another termination of pull-up resistor R5, R9, R10, the outside high-power DC power supply of a termination of pull-up resistor R28, the other end connects the other end that draws resistance R 7.Another termination of filter capacitor C1, C2 digitally.The outside high-power DC power supply ground P4 of another termination of divider resistance R18 and one end of current-limiting resistance R17.Another termination of current-limiting resistance R17 digitally.The C utmost point of another termination triode Q12 of resistance R 26, the E utmost point of triode Q12 connects digitally, one end of the B utmost point connecting resistance R8 of triode Q12, another termination control signal InPutA-signal input of resistance R 8.
Described outside high-power DC power supply and triode Q10, Q11, enable resistance R 15, and divider resistance R21 forms control signal amplifying circuit.The B utmost point of triode Q10 connects and enables one end of resistance R 15 and the B utmost point of triode Q11, the C utmost point of triode Q10 connects outside high-power DC power supply, and one end that the E utmost point of triode meets the E utmost point of triode Q11, divider resistance R21 is connected circuit below with control signal output DrivM1-.The other end that enables resistance R 15 meets the control signal OutPutA of current foldback circuit output.The C utmost point of triode Q11 connects digitally.Another termination of divider resistance R21 digitally.
Described outside high-power DC power supply and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3, enable resistance R 1, R2, R3, sustained diode 3, D4, D5, D8, D10, and Electric Machine Control interface P2 forms power amplification circuit.The 1st pin of sustained diode 8 connects the 2nd pin of outside high-power DC power supply and diode D8, the 3rd pin of diode D8 connects the K end of fly-wheel diode D3, the D utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the D utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the D utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and is connected system below with Electric Machine Control interface P2, to control the state of direct current machine.The A termination of sustained diode 3 digitally.The S utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 connects digitally, and the G utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 connects the A end of fly-wheel diode D4 and enables one end of resistance R 1.The S utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 connects digitally, and the G utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 connects the A end of fly-wheel diode D5 and enables one end of resistance R 2.The S utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 connects digitally, and the G utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 connects the A end of fly-wheel diode D10 and enables one end of resistance R 3.The K end of the K termination sustained diode 10 of sustained diode 4, the K of sustained diode 5 hold, enable the control signal output DrivM1-of the other end of resistance R 1, the other end that enables resistance R 2, the other end that enables resistance R 3 and control signal amplifying circuit.
In the present embodiment, described current-limiting resistance R17 is for observation circuit electric current.Described triode Q10 is used for amplifying control signal.Described triode Q11 makes triode Q11 conducting while cut-off for motor conducting, forms discharge loop protection front stage circuits.Described metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3 are used for improving driving power, better the running of drive motors.
The operation principle of the present embodiment:
With reference to Fig. 3, the 5th, 6,7 pin of control chip IC1 and resistance R 16, R7, R17, R18, R28 and filter capacitor C1, C2 form current limliting loop, the incoming level of restriction control chip IC1 the 3rd pin.When circuit is normally worked, the 5th pin voltage of control chip IC1 is higher than the 6th pin voltage of control chip IC1, and the 7th pin of control chip IC1 is exported high level.Because the 7th pin of control chip IC1 and the 3rd pin of control chip IC1 are connected, so the 3rd pin of control chip IC1 is also high level.
In the time that Electric Machine Control pwm signal InputA-is high level, conducting between the C utmost point of triode Q12, the E utmost point, the 2nd pin level of control chip IC1 becomes low level, and the 1st pin output control signal OutPutA of control chip IC1 is high level.High-level control signal OutPutA is through a B utmost point that enables to act on after resistance R 15 triode Q10 and triode Q11, controls between the C utmost point, the E utmost point of conducting between the C utmost point, the E utmost point of triode Q10, Q11 and ends, and drives signal DrivM1-output high level.High level drives signal DrivM1-to be loaded in power amplifying part circuit.Drive signal DrivM1-to act on the other end of resistance R 1, the other end of resistance R 2, the other end of resistance R 3 and control the metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting of 3 tunnel parallel connections simultaneously, Electric Machine Control interface P2 level is dragged down, thereby the current channel that electric current forms through three road metal-oxide-semiconductors and current-limiting resistance R17 flow back to battery ground, P4 forms complete current circuit, makes machine operation.
In the time that Electric Machine Control pwm signal InputA-is low level, between the C utmost point of triode Q12, the E utmost point, end, the 2nd pin level of control chip IC1 becomes high level and level voltage the 3rd pin voltage higher than control chip IC1, and the 1st pin output control signal OutPutA of control chip IC1 is low level.Low level control signal OutPutA is through a B utmost point that enables to act on after resistance R 15 triode Q10 and triode Q11, controls between the C utmost point, the E utmost point of conducting between the C utmost point, the E utmost point of triode Q11, Q10 and ends, and drives signal DrivM1-output low level.Low level drives signal DrivM1-to be loaded in power amplifying part circuit.The other end that drives signal DrivM1-to act on the other end, the resistance R 3 of the other end, the resistance R 2 of resistance R 1 is controlled between the metal-oxide-semiconductor D utmost point of 3 tunnel parallel connections, the S utmost point simultaneously and is ended, and Electric Machine Control interface P2 level becomes high level, and motor quits work.Diode D3 plays the effect of absorbed power drive current body capacitance here.Diode D8 receives between the positive pole of low-voltage dc voltage and the control end of motor, plays and absorbs motor by the effect that starts to the inverse electromotive force that stops the moment.The rapid G electrode current that discharges metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3 when diode D4, D5, D10 are low level at driving signal DrivM1-, drags down G pole tension fast, makes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3 become cut-off state from conducting state before.
When in circuit, electric current is excessive, the 5th pin voltage of control chip IC1 is lower than the 6th pin voltage of control chip IC1, the 7th pin output low level of control chip IC1.Because the 7th pin of control chip IC1 and the 3rd pin of control chip IC1 are connected, so the 3rd pin of control chip IC1 is also low level.Now no matter Electric Machine Control pwm signal InputA-is high level or low level, and the 1st pin output control signal OutPutA of control chip IC1 is low level, that is to say the generation of the 1st pin output pwm control signal that has stoped control chip IC1.Triode Q10 is always in off state, and triode Q11 is in conducting state, and drive signal DrivM1-is low level always.Low level drives signal DrivM1-to be loaded in power amplifying part circuit, makes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3 all in off state, and motor quits work.Along with motor quits work, the total current flowing through in circuit also slowly diminishes.Once after flowing through the electric current recovery normal value of current-limiting resistance R17, the 5th pin voltage of control chip IC1 is higher than the 6th pin voltage of control chip IC1, the 7th pin of control chip IC1 is exported high level, and the 3rd pin of control chip IC1 is also high level.Along with the level of Electric Machine Control pwm signal InputA-changes, the 1st pin of control chip IC1 is exported corresponding pwm control signal OutPutA, and circuit recovers again normal operating conditions.
Above-described embodiments of the present invention, do not form limiting the scope of the present invention.Any amendment of having done within spiritual principles of the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in claim protection range of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the low-pressure high-power DC motor control circuit with overcurrent protection, comprises external dc power, it is characterized in that, comprise current foldback circuit (1) and with its connection control signal amplifying circuit (2) and power amplification circuit (3);
Described current foldback circuit (1) comprises control chip IC1, resistance R 5-R10, resistance R 16-R18, resistance R 26, resistance R 28, triode Q12 and capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2;
Described control signal amplifying circuit (2) comprises triode Q10, Q11 and resistance R 15, R21;
Described power amplification circuit (3) comprises sustained diode 3, D4, D5, D8, D10, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1-Q3 and Electric Machine Control interface P2;
One end of the first pin OutPutA connecting resistance R5 of described control chip IC1, also connects digitally by resistance R 6; One end of the 2nd pin InPutA-connecting resistance R10 of control chip IC1, also connects the collector electrode of triode Q12 by resistance R 26, the emitter of triode Q12 connects digitally; One end of the 3rd pin InPutA+ connecting resistance R9 of control chip IC1, also meets the 7th pin OutPutB of control chip IC1; The 4th pin GND of control chip IC1 connects digitally; The 5th pin InPutB+ of control chip IC1, by one end of resistance R 7 connecting resistance R28, also connects one end, one end of capacitor C 2 and one end of resistance R 18 of capacitor C 1; The 6th pin InPutB-of control chip IC1 meets the 7th pin OutPutB of control chip IC1 by resistance R 16; The other end of the 8th pin VCC connecting resistance R28 of control chip IC1, the other end, the other end of resistance R 9 and the other end of resistance R 10 of resistance R 5; The 8th pin VCC of control chip IC1 also connects external dc power;
The 6th pin InPutB-of the other end of capacitor C 1, C2 and control chip IC1 connects digitally, and the other end of capacitor C 1 also connects digitally by resistance R 17; Another termination external dc power ground of resistance R 18 connects digitally simultaneously; The base stage of triode Q12 meets the 2nd pin InPutA-of control chip IC1 by resistance R 8;
The first pin OutPutA of control chip IC1 connects the base stage of triode Q10 and the base stage of triode Q11 by resistance R 15; The collector electrode of triode Q10 connects external dc power, and the emitter of triode Q10 connects the emitter of triode Q11, and the collector electrode of triode Q11 connects digitally, and the emitter of triode Q10 also connects digitally by R21;
The 1st pin of sustained diode 8 connects the 2nd pin of external dc power and sustained diode 8, the 3rd pin of sustained diode 8 meets the K end of fly-wheel diode D3, the D utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the D utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the D utmost point and the Electric Machine Control interface P2 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, and the A termination of sustained diode 3 digitally; The S utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 connects digitally, and the G utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 connects the A end of fly-wheel diode D4 and one end of resistance R 1; The S utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 connects digitally, and the G utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 connects the A end of fly-wheel diode D5 and one end of resistance R 2; The S utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 connects digitally, and the G utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 connects the A end of fly-wheel diode D10 and enables one end of resistance R 3; The K end of the K termination sustained diode 10 of sustained diode 4, the K end of sustained diode 5, the other end, the other end of resistance R 2 and the other end of resistance R 3 of resistance R 1; The emitter of another termination triode Q10 of resistance R 2.
2. the low-pressure high-power DC motor control circuit with overcurrent protection according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described resistance R 28, R7, R5, R9, R10 are pull-up resistor; resistance R 18, R16, R6, R21 are divider resistance; resistance R 17 is current-limiting resistance; resistance R 15, R1, R2, R3, R8, R26 are for enabling resistance, and capacitor C 1, C2 are filter capacitor.
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| CN104360616A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-02-18 | 宁波市鄞州祥弘电子有限公司 | Automatic gradient gel mixing device and control circuit and control method thereof |
| CN107095578A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-29 | 深圳前海小智萌品科技有限公司 | Motor accurate control device, automatic milk punching machine and its go out powder control method |
| CN109546809A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-29 | 惠州市德赛西威汽车电子股份有限公司 | A kind of capacitor of motor protection circuit and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103956946B (en) | 2016-12-07 |
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Denomination of invention: A Low Voltage High Power DC Motor Control Circuit with Overcurrent Protection Effective date of registration: 20230725 Granted publication date: 20161207 Pledgee: Shunde Guangdong rural commercial bank Limited by Share Ltd. Pledgor: GUANGDONG REAL-DESIGN INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980049766 |
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