CN103951503B - A kind of preparation method of film-coated controlled release fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of film-coated controlled release fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103951503B CN103951503B CN201410152942.1A CN201410152942A CN103951503B CN 103951503 B CN103951503 B CN 103951503B CN 201410152942 A CN201410152942 A CN 201410152942A CN 103951503 B CN103951503 B CN 103951503B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of film-coated controlled release fertilizer. Polyisocyanates is mixed in proportion with polyalcohol, generate soluble polyurethane taking acetone as solvent reaction; Add wherein turpentine oil, polyvinyl alcohol, be placed in stirring reaction 1h at 50 DEG C of reactors, form covering liquid. Fertiliser granulates is sent into 60 DEG C of preheatings in fluid bed, and Action of Gravity Field declines and forms jet flow, and covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates surface, through heated-air drying, completes coating one time; Enter in recirculating fluidized bed and continue coating, in 2-4h, form film-coated controlled release fertilizer; Covering liquid steam is recovered to redissolve utilization in reactor by condensate recycling device. The present invention has increased condensation reflux unit, has reduced pollution; Coalescents is strong by the anti-mechanical damage ability of turpentine oil. Adopt coating rate 5%-30% of the present invention, product has good filming performance, by regulating material proportion and spray time to have Different Nutrients release profiles, meets the demand of Different Crop to nutrient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of film-coated controlled release fertilizer.
Background technology
Release and release control fertilizer is a kind of to carrying out controllable adjustment, new-type fertilizer with high content of technology to nutrient releasing speed,Its nutrient releasing speed can regulate and control by physics, chemistry and animal nutrition, realizes short releasing or slowly-releasingBidirectional modulation, makes supply and the demand basic synchronization of crop to nutrient of nutrient in fertilizer, realizes dynamic equilibrium.The production method of coated fertilizer and technique have determined the releasing mechanism of release and release control fertilizer.
The conventional method of fertilizer coating has granulation tower spray-on process, fluidized bed coating method, rotary drum or disk to be coated method, to soakProfit centrifugal process etc. Coated fertilizer used mainly contains pitch, resin, paraffin, various polymer, urea aldehyde, slightly solubilityPhosphate fertilizer and sulphur etc., what use morely is wax, sulphur, thermosetting resin and thermoplastic resin. Our times main flowRelease and release control fertilizer comprise the commodity of Scotts company of U.S. Osmocote by name by polyurethane resin, epoxy resin,Alkyd resins, unsaturated polyester resin, phenolic resins, acrylic resin, urea resin, melamine resin, silicon treeThe thermohardening resin coated state such as release and release control fertilizer and Japan of the high molecular polymer of fat etc. compositions is with polyethylene bagFilm fertilizer, sulfur coated fertilizer.
Polymer coated fertilizer adopts granulation tower spray-on process conventionally. Its technological process is: by the pressurization of coating coating solution,After jet atomization, enter in granulation tower, aerosol and reverse contact of fertiliser granulates of getting off from granulation tower top sprinkle,Coating solution after atomization is applied to fertilizer surface equably, and by the solid film forming of heat of fertilizer self. PolymerizationThe rate of release of thing coated fertilizer only depends on membrane wrapping thickness and environment temperature, and it is to fertilizer rate of release control effectGood. But the complex manufacturing of this fertilizer, equipment investment is large, the long-time high-temperature process of process need of wrapped resin.Therefore the equipment complexity of manufacturing resin coated controlled release fertilizer material, energy consumption is large, and fertilizer cost rises, and selling price is high.
Polyethylene kind coated fertilizer is after the polyethylene of recovery is dissolved, to be wrapped in long-acting that fertilizer surface makesFertilizer, has avoided the waste of fertilizer, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, has the feature of environment-friendly high-efficiency. But polySolvent is organic solvent, and therefore production cost rises, simultaneously because of polyethylene hard degradation, and the organic solvent in productionCapital is to environment, and is main mainly with coated urea greatly, controls that to discharge nutrient single, uses inconvenience.
Sulfur coated fertilizer is the object that reaches nitrogen slowly-releasing at urea surface parcel one deck sulphur, low cost. SulphurThe production process of bag urea (SCU) is: urea first preheating before parcel, and sulphur melts in the container of 282 DEG C,The sulphur of melting is pressed into shower nozzle by hot-air, sprays to urea, and sulphur forms thin film on the urea granules surface of rotating,Proceed in paraffin drum and wax, add bactericide, as coal tar wet goods simultaneously. After waxing, fertile grain proceeds in cooler and is as cold asBelow 82 DEG C, add conditioner, rotate several minutes, sieve. Separately there is research to point out on original sulphur priming coat basisAdd formed by dicyclopentadiene and glyceride copolymer coated, or by changing sealer as added LauxiteWith the sealer of ammonium chloride, ammonium superphosphate, ammonium citrate, hexamethyl four ammoniums and zinc sulfate composition, to simplify productionTechnique and reducing production costs. But its rate of release to fertilizer is controlled poor, and easily cause soil acidification,Application effect is not good.
The shortcomings such as the production method of above coated fertilizer and technique exist production cost high, and effect is not remarkable, and mostly beIntermittent production, causes energy consumption to rise, and decline to equipment life. Current polyurethane coated process using be streamChange bed apparatus, but it does not recycle to the steam in production process, caused the pollution to environment.
In sum, the coated fertilizer that existing Controlled Release Fertilizer is selected exists that complex process, production cost are high more, in energy consumptionRise, the environmental pollution problem such as heavily. This is also the expensive major reason of release and release control fertilizer. Therefore, can be by selectingWater-soluble resin coated, improvement of production process, reduces manufacturing cost, widelys popularize film-coated controlled release fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned present situation, aim to provide that a kind of production cost is low, nutrient release profiles can rootRegulate according to Different Crop nutrient, to meet the preparation of film-coated controlled release fertilizer of the demand of Different Crop to Controlled Release FertilizerMethod.
The implementation of the object of the invention is, a kind of preparation method of film-coated controlled release fertilizer, the concrete steps of preparation asUnder:
(1) prepare soluble polyurethane, by polyisocyanates and polyalcohol according to 0.9-1.5: 1 ratio is mixed,The soluble polyurethane generating taking acetone as solvent reaction;
Described polyisocyanates is toluene diisocyanate, methyl diphenylene diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenylOne in vulcabond;
Described polyalcohol is polyoxypropyleneglycol, polytetrahydrofuran diol, oxolane-propylene oxide copolymerization glycolIn one;
(2) get soluble polyurethane, 5-20 part turpentine oil, 0.5-2 part polyethylene of 100 parts of steps (1) gainedAlcohol, is placed in stirring reaction 1h at 50 DEG C of reactors, forms covering liquid, under the effect of compression pump, and covering liquidAtomizing pressure reaches 0.05-0.3Mpa; Atomization speed is 5-20mL/min;
(3) 1000-5000 part fertiliser granulates is sent into preheating under 60 DEG C of conditions in fluid bed, profit by conveyer beltDecline and form jet flow with Action of Gravity Field, step (2) gained covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates table by sprayer unitFace, is dried through the hot blast of 70-90 DEG C, completes coating one time; The fertiliser granulates that completes a coating entersIn recirculating fluidized bed, continue coating, in 2-4h, complete coating, form film-coated controlled release fertilizer;
(4) covering liquid steam is recovered to redissolve utilization in the reactor of (2) by condensate recycling device.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, on original fluid bed basis, increased condensation reflux unit, reduced and evaporate into sky because of covering liquid organic matterIn gas, cause the pollution to environment;
2, can, by regulating the proportioning of polyisocyanates and polyalcohol to regulate the porosity of polyurethane, control coat fertilizerThe dissolution rate of material; By regulating ratio and the spray time adjustment release speed of polyvinyl alcohol and polyurethane;
3, utilize turpentine oil as coalescents, the anti-mechanical damage ability of coated fertilizer of producing is strong, reduced because ofThe controlled release rate that this causes declines.
The film-coated controlled release fertilizer that adopts the present invention to produce has good filming performance, and coating rate, at 5%-30%, is supportedDivide release profiles to regulate according to Different Crop nutrient uptake curve, meet the demand of Different Crop to Controlled Release Fertilizer.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention by polyisocyanates and polyalcohol in 0.9-1.5: 1 ratio is mixed, raw taking acetone as solvent reactionBecome soluble polyurethane; 5-20 part turpentine oil, 0.5-2 part polyvinyl alcohol, be placed at 50 DEG C of reactors, stir anti-Answer 1h, form covering liquid, fertiliser granulates is sent into 60 DEG C of preheatings in fluid bed, Action of Gravity Field declines and forms jet flow,Covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates surface, through the heated-air drying of 70-90 DEG C, completes coating one time; Enter circulationIn fluid bed, continue coating, in 2-4h, form film-coated controlled release fertilizer; Covering liquid steam is reclaimed to dress by condensationPut and be recovered to redissolve utilization in reactor.
The average degree of polymerization of described polyvinyl alcohol is 1000-1200.
With specific embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail below.
Example 1:
(1) prepare soluble polyurethane, by toluene diisocyanate and polyoxypropyleneglycol according to 0.9: 1Ratio is mixed, the soluble polyurethane generating taking acetone as solvent reaction;
(2) get the soluble polyurethane of 100 parts of steps (1) gained, 5 parts of turpentine oil, 0.5 part of polyvinyl alcohol,Be placed in stirring reaction 1h at 50 DEG C of reactors, form covering liquid, under the effect of compression pump, covering liquid atomizationPressure reaches 0.05Mpa; Atomization speed is 5mL/min;
(3) 1000 parts of fertiliser granulates are sent into preheating under 60 DEG C of conditions in fluid bed by conveyer belt, utilize gravityEffect declines and forms jet flow, and step (2) gained covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates surface, warp by sprayer unitThe hot blast of crossing 80 DEG C is dried, and completes coating one time; The fertiliser granulates that completes a coating enters recirculating fluidized bedMiddle continuation coating completes coating in 2h, forms film-coated controlled release fertilizer;
(4) covering liquid steam is recovered to redissolve utilization in the reactor of (2) by condensate recycling device.
Example 2:
(1) prepare soluble polyurethane, by toluene diisocyanate and polyoxypropyleneglycol according to 0.9: 1Ratio is mixed, the soluble polyurethane generating taking acetone as solvent reaction;
(2) get the soluble polyurethane of 100 parts of steps (1) gained, 5 parts of turpentine oil, 0.5 part of polyvinyl alcohol,Be placed in stirring reaction 1h at 50 DEG C of reactors, form covering liquid, under the effect of compression pump, covering liquid atomizationPressure reaches 0.1Mpa; Atomization speed is 5mL/min;
(3) 1000 parts of fertiliser granulates are sent into preheating under 60 DEG C of conditions in fluid bed by conveyer belt, utilize gravityEffect declines and forms jet flow, and step (2) gained covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates surface, warp by sprayer unitThe hot blast of crossing 80 DEG C is dried, and completes coating one time; The fertiliser granulates that completes a coating enters recirculating fluidized bedMiddle continuation coating completes coating in 2h, forms film-coated controlled release fertilizer;
(4) covering liquid steam is recovered to redissolve utilization in the reactor of (2) by condensate recycling device.
Example 3:
(1) prepare soluble polyurethane, the ratio by toluene diisocyanate and polyoxypropyleneglycol according to 1: 1Example is mixed, the soluble polyurethane generating taking acetone as solvent reaction;
(2) get the soluble polyurethane of 100 parts of steps (1) gained, 10 parts of turpentine oil, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol,Be placed in stirring reaction 1h at 50 DEG C of reactors, form covering liquid, under the effect of compression pump, covering liquid atomizationPressure reaches 0.2Mpa; Atomization speed is 10mL/min;
(3) 3000 parts of fertiliser granulates are sent into preheating under 60 DEG C of conditions in fluid bed by conveyer belt, utilize gravityEffect declines and forms jet flow, and step (2) gained covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates surface, warp by sprayer unitThe hot blast of crossing 70 DEG C is dried, and completes coating one time; The fertiliser granulates that completes a coating enters recirculating fluidized bedMiddle continuation coating completes coating in 3h, forms film-coated controlled release fertilizer;
(4) covering liquid steam is recovered to redissolve utilization in the reactor of (2) by condensate recycling device.
Example 4:
(1) prepare soluble polyurethane, by toluene diisocyanate and polyoxypropyleneglycol according to 1.2: 1Ratio is mixed, the soluble polyurethane generating taking acetone as solvent reaction;
(2) get the soluble polyurethane of 100 parts of steps (1) gained, 10 parts of turpentine oil, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol,Be placed in stirring reaction 1h at 50 DEG C of reactors, form covering liquid, under the effect of compression pump, covering liquid atomizationPressure reaches 0.2Mpa; Atomization speed is 10mL/min;
(3) 3000 parts of fertiliser granulates are sent into preheating under 60 DEG C of conditions in fluid bed by conveyer belt, utilize gravityEffect declines and forms jet flow, and step (2) gained covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates surface, warp by sprayer unitThe hot blast of crossing 90 DEG C is dried, and completes coating one time; The fertiliser granulates that completes a coating enters recirculating fluidized bedMiddle continuation coating, completes coating in 3h, form film-coated controlled release fertilizer;
(4) covering liquid steam is recovered to redissolve utilization in the reactor of (2) by condensate recycling device.
Example 5:
(1) prepare soluble polyurethane, by toluene diisocyanate and polyoxypropyleneglycol according to 1.5: 1Ratio is mixed, the soluble polyurethane generating taking acetone as solvent reaction;
(2) get the soluble polyurethane of 100 parts of steps (1) gained, 20 parts of turpentine oil, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol,Be placed in stirring reaction 1h at 50 DEG C of reactors, form covering liquid, under the effect of compression pump, covering liquid atomizationPressure reaches 0.3Mpa; Atomization speed is 20mL/min;
(3) 5000 parts of fertiliser granulates are sent into preheating under 60 DEG C of conditions in fluid bed by conveyer belt, utilize gravityEffect declines and forms jet flow, and step (2) gained covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates surface, warp by sprayer unitThe hot blast of crossing 70 DEG C is dried, and completes coating one time; The fertiliser granulates that completes a coating enters recirculating fluidized bedMiddle continuation coating completes coating in 4h, forms film-coated controlled release fertilizer;
(4) covering liquid steam is recovered to redissolve utilization in the reactor of (2) by condensate recycling device.
Example 6:
(1) prepare soluble polyurethane, by methyl diphenylene diisocyanate and polytetrahydrofuran diol according to 0.9:1 ratio is mixed, the soluble polyurethane generating taking acetone as solvent reaction;
(2) get the soluble polyurethane of 100 parts of steps (1) gained, 5 parts of turpentine oil, 0.5 part of polyvinyl alcohol,Be placed in stirring reaction 1h at 50 DEG C of reactors, form covering liquid, under the effect of compression pump, covering liquid atomizationPressure reaches 0.1Mpa; Atomization speed is 5mL/min;
(3) 1000 parts of fertiliser granulates are sent into preheating under 60 DEG C of conditions in fluid bed by conveyer belt, utilize gravityEffect declines and forms jet flow, and step (2) gained covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates surface, warp by sprayer unitThe hot blast of crossing 80 DEG C is dried, and completes coating one time; The fertiliser granulates that completes a coating enters recirculating fluidized bedMiddle continuation coating completes coating in 2h, forms film-coated controlled release fertilizer;
(4) covering liquid steam is recovered to redissolve utilization in the reactor of (2) by condensate recycling device.
Example 7:
(1) prepare soluble polyurethane, by polymethylene polyphenyl vulcabond and oxolane-propylene oxideCopolymerization glycol mixes according to the ratio of 1: 1, the soluble polyurethane generating taking acetone as solvent reaction; ,
(2) get the soluble polyurethane of 100 parts of steps (1) gained, 10 parts of turpentine oil, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol,Be placed in stirring reaction 1h at 50 DEG C of reactors, form covering liquid, under the effect of compression pump, covering liquid atomizationPressure reaches 0.2Mpa; Atomization speed is 10mL/min;
(3) 3000 parts of fertiliser granulates are sent into preheating under 60 DEG C of conditions in fluid bed by conveyer belt, utilize gravityEffect declines and forms jet flow, and step (2) gained covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates surface, warp by sprayer unitThe hot blast of crossing 70 DEG C is dried, and completes coating one time; The fertiliser granulates that completes a coating enters recirculating fluidized bedMiddle continuation coating completes coating in 3h, forms film-coated controlled release fertilizer;
(4) covering liquid steam is recovered to redissolve utilization in the reactor of (2) by condensate recycling device.
Claims (3)
1. a preparation method for film-coated controlled release fertilizer, is characterized in that the concrete steps of preparation are as follows:
(1) prepare soluble polyurethane, by polyisocyanates and polyalcohol according to 0.9-1.5: 1 ratio is mixed,The soluble polyurethane generating taking acetone as solvent reaction;
Described polyisocyanates is toluene diisocyanate, methyl diphenylene diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenylOne in vulcabond;
Described polyalcohol is polyoxypropyleneglycol, polytetrahydrofuran diol, oxolane-propylene oxide copolymerization glycolIn one;
(2) get soluble polyurethane, 5-20 part turpentine oil, 0.5-2 part polyethylene of 100 parts of steps (1) gainedAlcohol, is placed in stirring reaction 1h at 50 DEG C of reactors, forms covering liquid, under the effect of compression pump, and covering liquidAtomizing pressure reaches 0.05-0.3Mpa; Atomization speed is 5-20mL/min;
(3) 1000-5000 part fertiliser granulates is sent into preheating under 60 DEG C of conditions in fluid bed, profit by conveyer beltDecline and form jet flow with Action of Gravity Field, step (2) gained covering liquid is sprayed on to fertiliser granulates table by sprayer unitFace, is dried through the hot blast of 70-90 DEG C, completes coating one time; The fertiliser granulates that completes a coating entersIn recirculating fluidized bed, continue coating, in 2-4h, complete coating, form film-coated controlled release fertilizer;
(4) covering liquid steam is recovered to redissolve utilization in the reactor of (2) by condensate recycling device.
2. the preparation method of a kind of film-coated controlled release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described poly-The average degree of polymerization of vinyl alcohol is 1000-1200.
3. the preparation method of a kind of film-coated controlled release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that fertilizerGrain particle diameter is 2-5mm.
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| CN106083408A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 广州薪光合环保技术有限公司 | Peplos agent produces equipment and coated fertilizer produces equipment |
| CN110483165B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-08-31 | 湖北大学 | Coated slow-control fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN116715560B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-11-14 | 吉林隆源农业服务有限公司 | Intelligent preparation method and system of controlled release fertilizer |
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| US20070149401A1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. | Methods and composition for growth engineering and disease control |
| CN101357865A (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2009-02-04 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Technique for membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer industrial production |
| CN101671425A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-03-17 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Polyurethane coated controlled-release fertilizer with improved mechanical property, preparation method thereof and special coating material |
| CN102320883A (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-01-18 | 冯岁寒 | Polyurethane/epoxy resin compound material coated controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103304772A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-18 | 上海永通化工有限公司 | Controlled release fertilizer coated by vegetable oil based polyurethane and preparation method thereof |
| CN203212481U (en) * | 2013-04-14 | 2013-09-25 | 天津博生源肥料科技发展有限公司 | Reactor for manufacturing ureaformaldehyde slow release fertilizer |
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2014
- 2014-04-16 CN CN201410152942.1A patent/CN103951503B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070149401A1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. | Methods and composition for growth engineering and disease control |
| CN101357865A (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2009-02-04 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Technique for membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer industrial production |
| CN101671425A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-03-17 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Polyurethane coated controlled-release fertilizer with improved mechanical property, preparation method thereof and special coating material |
| CN102320883A (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-01-18 | 冯岁寒 | Polyurethane/epoxy resin compound material coated controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN203212481U (en) * | 2013-04-14 | 2013-09-25 | 天津博生源肥料科技发展有限公司 | Reactor for manufacturing ureaformaldehyde slow release fertilizer |
| CN103304772A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-18 | 上海永通化工有限公司 | Controlled release fertilizer coated by vegetable oil based polyurethane and preparation method thereof |
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