CN103951126A - Apparatus for utilizing natural cold source to realize seawater desalination - Google Patents
Apparatus for utilizing natural cold source to realize seawater desalination Download PDFInfo
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- CN103951126A CN103951126A CN201410143609.4A CN201410143609A CN103951126A CN 103951126 A CN103951126 A CN 103951126A CN 201410143609 A CN201410143609 A CN 201410143609A CN 103951126 A CN103951126 A CN 103951126A
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Abstract
A disclosed apparatus for utilizing natural cold source to realize seawater desalination comprises a glycol aqueous solution storage device communicated with natural cold wind at the exterior and connected with a supercooler via pipelines in a parallel manner; the apparatus also comprises a seawater zone of which the outlet port is connected with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger channel; the output pipe of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger channel is connected with a pretreatment device; the output end of the pretreatment device is connected with the supercooler; the output pipe of the supercooler is successively connected with a sonocrystallisation promoting device and an icy slurry separation device; the output end of the icy slurry separation device is provided with an ice crystal outlet pipe; the lower end of the ice slurry separation device is provided with a water returning pipe; the water returning pipe is connected with one end of a backflow channel of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger channel; and the other end of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger channel is connected with the seawater zone in an output connection way, so that continuous cycle of the apparatus is realized. The apparatus overcomes the disadvantages that conventional seawater desalination technologies are relatively high in cost, system equipment land occupy large area and a large amount of fossil energy is consumed, the natural cold energy of air in winter in the north is fully utilized, the fossil energy is saved, and the apparatus has the advantages of being good in heat exchanging performance, high in system efficiency, simple, capable of continuously operating for preparing ice slurry and recycling cold energy, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of continuous desalination techniques of seawater of producing fresh water, especially reduce costs, reduce system device and take up an area, environmental protection, less use fossil energy, utilizes the continuous preparing ice slurry of natural cooling source to produce the desalination technology of fresh water.
Background technology
Earth Freshwater resources are rare, on the earth, 97% water is all seawater or brackish water, and fresh water only has 3%, and in fresh water, has seventy percent ice sheet that is arranged in the two poles of the earth, also have an appointment 30% form with the water in the moisture in soil and underground storage layer and exist, what the mankind can directly use is less than 1%.The north that China is vast and coastland water resources wretched insufficiency, the northern China water deficient regions total area reaches 580,000 square kilometres according to statistics.In more than 500 city, the whole nation, have more than 300 urban water shortage, annual water deficit reaches 58 billion cubic meters, and these lack of water cities mainly concentrate on North China, coastal and provincial capital, industrial city.Desalination technology utilizes sea water desalinization to produce fresh water, is the increment technique of increasing income that realizes water resources utilization, is the method for the deficient problem of a kind of effective solution Freshwater resources, can ensure the stable water supply such as coastal Drinking Water for Residents and Industrial Boiler moisturizing.
Current known method for desalting seawater mainly contains multistage flash evaporation method, low-temperature multiple-effect distillation, reverse osmosis method etc.Multistage flash evaporation method by heating seawater to certain temperature, in the container reducing gradually at a series of pressure, realize flash of steam, then will after vapor condensation, obtain fresh water, major advantage is without phase transformation in heat-transfer pipe, less scaling, product water quality is good, and single-machine capacity is large, but service temperature requirement is high, corrosion and the scale velocity of equipment are fast, for avoiding fouling and corrosion need to add a large amount of chemical reagent and adopt more expensive corrosion resistant material, power consumption is large, and initial stage construction cost is high; Low-temperature multiple-effect distillation is that the low temperature below 70 DEG C operates, the secondary steam that distillation is produced is re-used as heating steam next effect seawater is heated, the like go down continuously, making to evaporate institute's heat dissipation can fully recycle, its advantage is that heat transfer coefficient is high, same temperature ranges stated, required heat transfer area is less than multistage flash evaporation, system dynamic consumption reduces, and pre-treatment is simple, and system reliability is high, invest lower etc., but installed capacity is less, system device dependence on import, independent intellectual property right equipment is few; Reverse osmosis method is a kind of membrane separation technique, adopts special selection perviousness film, applies a pressure that is greater than osmotic pressure in seawater one side, water molecules in seawater enters fresh water one side by permeable membrane, realizes sea water desaltination, and its advantage is without phase transition process, energy consumption is lower, construction investment is little, and device is compact, simple to operate, easy to maintenance, but the pre-treatment of reverse osmosis requires strict, reverse osmosis membrane needs periodic replacement, needs heat treated in the situation that seawater temperature is low.Three kinds of methods respectively have quality, but generally speaking, too rely on fossil energy, need heat or persistent pressure, and power consumption is large, does not make full use of natural cooling source, reduces costs protection of the environment.
Some scholar wished in Northern Coastal Region of China area in recent years, utilized the natural cooling sources such as northern cold freezing air in winter to realize sea water desaltination, reduced fossil energy and used.Its main technical principle is that winter north air themperature is lower, outdoor temperature on average can reach more than-10 DEG C, directly seawater is placed in ice bank or ice storage tank, passes into sea wind cooling, until seawater icing melts the ice cube condensing or heating and melting formation fresh water naturally.Its advantage is to make full use of natural cooling source, reduces fossil energy consumption, and system is simple, easy to maintenance, but because ice heat transfer property is poorer than water, ice sheet is thicker, the seawater effect that congeals into ice in ice sheet below is poorer, and when ice sheet reaches certain thickness, under ice sheet, seawater is all the time in liquid state, need to remove ice sheet, otherwise cannot continuous ice-making, system efficiency reduces greatly, and system need to be built large-scale ice storage unit, initial cost is high, and ice cube poor fluidity is difficult to carry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to make full use of natural cooling source, reduce fossil energy consumption, inheriting on the basis of original natural cooling source desalting seawater with ice technological merit, overcome that system efficiency is low, initial cost is high, the deficiency of ice cube difficulty of transportation, a kind of technology of utilizing natural cooling source preparing ice slurry to desalinize seawater is continuously provided, this technology substitutes solid ice by producing characteristics of dynamic ice slurry, can realize low investment and desalinize seawater continuously expeditiously.
For realizing above object, the present invention has taked following technical scheme: a kind of device that utilizes natural cooling source to realize sea water desaltination, comprise the aqueous glycol solution storage facility communicating with external world's nature cold wind, aqueous glycol solution storage facility is connected in parallel on supercooler by pipeline, also comprise sea-water area, sea-water area delivery port is connected with tube and shell heat exchanger road, on the output channel in tube and shell heat exchanger road, be connected with pretreatment unit, pretreatment unit output terminal is connected with described supercooler, on the output channel of supercooler, be connected with the short brilliant device of ultrasonic wave and ice slurry tripping device in turn, the output terminal of ice slurry tripping device is established ice crystal outlet conduit, the lower end of ice slurry tripping device is provided with water return pipeline, water return pipeline is connected with the one end, return flow line in tube and shell heat exchanger road, the return flow line the other end output in tube and shell heat exchanger road connects go back to sea-water area, form the continuous circulation of device.
In north of china in winter coastland, secondary refrigerant aqueous glycol solution is cooled to subzero a certain temperature by natural cold wind, flows into supercooler one side.Seawater first passes through pre-treatment, removal of contamination and microorganism, then the supercooler opposite side of flowing through, carry out Cooling capacity exchanging, seawater is cooled to subzero certain temperature and does not freeze, in supercooled state, flow out from supercooler outlet, after the short crystalline substance of the short brilliant device of ultrasonic wave, generation ice slurry, shift in filtration unit, obtain ice crystal by filtering separation, ice crystal is further processed and can obtains fresh water, and the dense sea brine of the residue of separating is by tube and shell heat exchanger precooling entrance seawater, realize cold recovery utilization, finally recharge into sea, whole device runs without interruption continuously, raise the efficiency.
This technology adopts characteristics of dynamic ice slurry to substitute solid ice as sea water desaltination intermediate product, because ice slurry is mixture of ice and water, thermal exchange performance is higher than solid ice, improve system efficiency, good fluidity, is convenient to carry, be easy to subsequent disposal, do not need to arrange large-scale ice storage unit, the ice obtaining slurry can be realized real-time separation simultaneously, and device is the feature of operation continuously.
The present invention compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages: overcome existing desalination technology cost higher, system device floor space is large, consumes in a large number the deficiency of fossil energy, has the natural cold-energy that makes full use of north of china in winter air, save fossil energy consumption, heat-exchange performance is good, and system efficiency is high, and device is simple, operation preparing ice slurry continuously, the advantages such as cold recovery utilization; Both made full use of the natural cold-energy that north of china in winter air has, and had again heat-exchange performance good, system efficiency is high, and device is simple, operation continuously, the advantages such as cold recovery utilization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of invention;
1. sea-water area in figure, 2. tube and shell heat exchanger road, 3. pre-processing device, 4. aqueous glycol solution storage facility, 5. supercooler, the 6. short brilliant device of ultrasonic wave, 7. ice slurry tripping device, 8. ice crystal outlet conduit, 9. water return pipeline.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, content of the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment:
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of device that utilizes natural cooling source to realize sea water desaltination, comprise the aqueous glycol solution storage facility 4 communicating with external world's nature cold wind, aqueous glycol solution storage facility 4 is connected in parallel on supercooler 5 by pipeline, also comprise sea-water area 1, sea-water area 1 delivery port is connected with tube and shell heat exchanger road 2, on the output channel in tube and shell heat exchanger road 2, be connected with pretreatment unit 3, pretreatment unit 3 output terminals are connected with described supercooler 5, on the output channel of supercooler 5, be connected with the short brilliant device 6 of ultrasonic wave and ice slurry tripping device 7 in turn, the output terminal of ice slurry tripping device 7 is established ice crystal outlet conduit 8, the lower end of ice slurry tripping device 7 is provided with water return pipeline 9, water return pipeline 9 is connected with the one end, return flow line in tube and shell heat exchanger road 2, the return flow line the other end output in tube and shell heat exchanger road 2 connects go back to sea-water area 1, form the continuous circulation of device.
The continuous circulation of device is mainly reflected in: seawater is connected to tube and shell heat exchanger 2 shell inlet ducts from the delivery port of sea-water area 1, again after a series of equipment is made ice slurry, isolate ice crystal, remaining dense sea brine is because temperature is lower, this part dense sea brine is connected to tube and shell heat exchanger 2 shell side inlet ducts, in order to cooling entrance seawater, last dense sea brine flows back to sea-water area 1 again from shell side pipe outlet, realizes the continuous circulation of whole device.
Seawater enters from desalination system entrance, produces, after the step such as ice-nucleus separation, remains dense sea brine and recharge marinely from outlet through pre-treatment, ice slurry, and system continuous circulation uses, without interrupting device operation, and the operation such as discontinuity is drawn filling seawater, trash ice deicing.
The countercurrent flow in supercooler of seawater and secondary refrigerant, carries out heat exchange, installs shaking device in supercooler additional, and the stifled phenomenon of anti-stagnant ice produces.
Filter separator adopts gravity separation principle, ice slurry standing separation in separator, and ice crystal floating, then sends separator by the rotary scraping of settling in filter separator.
After separating, remaining dense sea brine is by tube and shell heat exchanger, and precooling entrance seawater, realizes cold recovery utilization.
In Fig. 1, natural cold wind is blown in aqueous glycol solution storage facility 4, carries out Cooling capacity exchanging with secondary refrigerant aqueous glycol solution, and secondary refrigerant is cooled to subzero a certain temperature, then flows into supercooler 5 one sides.Seawater enters tube and shell heat exchanger 2 and carries out precooling treatment from sea-water area 1, remove silt by pretreatment unit 3 again, the magazines such as microorganism, then supercooler 5 opposite sides of flowing through, secondary refrigerant and seawater countercurrent flow, carry out Cooling capacity exchanging, seawater is cooled to subzero a certain temperature, realized cold, then urge brilliant device 6 by ultrasonic wave, remove supercooled state, formation ice slurry, finally flow into ice slurry tripping device 7, under action of gravity, natural layering, ice crystal floating, leave ice slurry tripping device 7 through rotary scraping from ice crystal outlet conduit 8, remaining dense sea brine is from water return pipeline 9 inflow pipe shell heat exchanger 2 precooling entrance seawater, finally recharge sea-water area 1.Constantly like this obtain seawater from sea-water area 1, form ice slurry, isolate ice-nucleus, residue strong brine recharges, and realizes continuous circulation operation.
Above-listed detailed description is for the illustrating of possible embodiments of the present invention, and this embodiment is not in order to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and the equivalence that all the present invention of disengaging do is implemented or changed, and all should be contained in the scope of the claims of this case.
Claims (1)
1. a device that utilizes natural cooling source to realize sea water desaltination, it is characterized in that: comprise the aqueous glycol solution storage facility (4) communicating with external world's nature cold wind, aqueous glycol solution storage facility (4) is connected in parallel on supercooler (5) by pipeline, also comprise sea-water area (1), sea-water area (1) delivery port is connected with tube and shell heat exchanger road (2), on the output channel in tube and shell heat exchanger road (2), be connected with pretreatment unit (3), pretreatment unit (3) output terminal is connected with described supercooler (5), on the output channel of supercooler (5), be connected with the short brilliant device (6) of ultrasonic wave and ice slurry tripping device (7) in turn, the output terminal of ice slurry tripping device (7) is established ice crystal outlet conduit (8), the lower end of ice slurry tripping device (7) is provided with water return pipeline (9), water return pipeline (9) is connected with the one end, return flow line of tube and shell heat exchanger road (2), the return flow line the other end output in tube and shell heat exchanger road (2) connects go back to sea-water area (1), form the continuous circulation of device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410143609.4A CN103951126A (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Apparatus for utilizing natural cold source to realize seawater desalination |
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| CN201410143609.4A CN103951126A (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Apparatus for utilizing natural cold source to realize seawater desalination |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109607654A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-12 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Device, method and the application of strong brine low temperature crystallization desalination |
| CN110345665A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-10-18 | 湖北风神净化空调设备工程有限公司 | A kind of ice source heat pump system that ice content is controllable |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1431004A (en) * | 2003-01-29 | 2003-07-23 | 中山大学 | Low temp method for concentrating extracting solution of Chinese herbal medicine and its devices |
| CN102226598A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2011-10-26 | 天津海天缘科技发展有限公司 | Air-cooled water chiller unit capable of switching natural cold source |
-
2014
- 2014-04-10 CN CN201410143609.4A patent/CN103951126A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1431004A (en) * | 2003-01-29 | 2003-07-23 | 中山大学 | Low temp method for concentrating extracting solution of Chinese herbal medicine and its devices |
| CN102226598A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2011-10-26 | 天津海天缘科技发展有限公司 | Air-cooled water chiller unit capable of switching natural cold source |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109607654A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-12 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Device, method and the application of strong brine low temperature crystallization desalination |
| CN110345665A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-10-18 | 湖北风神净化空调设备工程有限公司 | A kind of ice source heat pump system that ice content is controllable |
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Inventor after: Dong Kaijun Inventor after: Chen Zhaojie Inventor after: Zhang Wen Inventor after: Peng Jiangang Inventor before: Chen Zhaojie Inventor before: Dong Kaijun Inventor before: Zhang Wen Inventor before: Peng Jiangang |
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Application publication date: 20140730 |