CN103949917A - Ring type workpiece fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

A ring workpiece fixing device is divided into two parts, an inner fixing device and an outer fixing device, wherein both the inner and outer fixing devices are composed of a fixing ring, a pressing ring and a connecting ring. The present invention is used for workpiece fixation when one or more pieces of ring workpieces are stacked and combined to process the inner and outer circular surfaces, and can provide adjustable axial static pressure for the workpieces. When processing the outer circular surfaces of the workpieces, the internal fixing device is used, Use external fixtures when machining inner circles. When the present invention is in use, each first screw on the pressing point is adjusted in a certain order by a torque wrench, and the tightening force is transmitted to the steel ball through the guide column, and due to the guidance of the guide sleeve and the point contact of the steel ball, the tightening force is transformed into an axial direction. Positive pressure, the steel ball presses the workpiece through the gasket to realize the fixed clamping of the workpiece. Finally, the workpiece is only subjected to axial force, and the radial force and tangential force are zero, so that the clamping deformation of the workpiece is minimal, and the cylindricity of the workpiece can be guaranteed. , Coaxiality and the consistency of combined processing workpieces.

Description

A ring workpiece fixing device

technical field

The invention relates to a ring-type workpiece fixing device, which is used for fixing and clamping the workpiece when a single piece or multiple pieces of the ring-type workpiece are stacked and combined to process the inner and outer circular surfaces. Dimensional and shape accuracy of surface turning.

Background technique

When ordinary workpieces are machined, they are usually fixed by clamping with clamps, but for turning inner and outer circular surfaces of ring workpieces, if clamping with end clamps is used, in addition to the axial compressive force , will inevitably bring radial or tangential force, which will lead to the deformation of ring workpieces, especially low rigidity ring workpieces, and affect the machining accuracy; if the inner circle or outer dome clamping method is used, the clamping force is not easy to control It is easy to cause insufficient clamping force or excessive clamping force to cause deformation of the workpiece, and this method cannot be used for multi-piece stacking and combined processing. Therefore, for ring workpieces, especially low-rigidity ring workpieces, the existing clamping methods will cause the workpiece to be deformed by force, which will affect the machining accuracy.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deformation problem caused by clamping ring workpieces in the prior art, and to provide a ring workpiece fixing device, which applies an adjustable axial static pressure to the workpiece, so that the ring workpiece The clamping deformation is the smallest, and it is a fixture that meets the needs of inner and outer circular turning.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a ring workpiece fixing device, including an inner fixing device and an outer fixing device, the inner fixing device includes an inner fixing ring, an inner pressing ring and an inner connecting ring; the inner fixing ring is a circle Ring structure, the axial circumference of the inner fixing ring is evenly distributed with screw holes for fixing with the table top of the external lathe; the inner compression ring is a ring structure, and the outer ring surface of the inner compression ring is uniform There are compression points for fixing ring workpieces; the inner fixing ring and the inner compression ring are fixedly connected through the inner connecting ring, and radial through holes are evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the inner connecting ring; the inner fixing ring and the inner fixing ring are connected The outer diameters of the inner connecting rings are equal, and the outer diameters of the inner pressing rings are larger than the inner fixing ring and the inner connecting ring;

The external fixing device includes an outer fixing ring, an outer pressing ring and an outer connecting ring; the outer fixing ring has a circular structure, and the outer fixing ring is uniformly distributed with screws for fixing with the table top of the external lathe. holes; the outer clamping ring is a circular structure, and the inner circumference of the outer clamping ring is evenly distributed with pressing points for fixing ring workpieces; the outer fixing ring and the outer clamping ring pass through the outer The connecting ring is fixedly connected, and radial through holes are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the outer connecting ring; the inner diameters of the outer fixing ring and the outer connecting ring are equal, and the inner diameters of the outer pressing ring are smaller than the outer fixing ring and the outer connecting ring.

The pressing point includes a guide column, a guide sleeve, a steel ball, a gasket, and a first screw; the first screw is installed in the axial threaded hole at the pressing point, and the guide sleeve is installed in the axial threaded hole below the above-mentioned threaded hole. In the counterbore, the guide sleeve is interference fit with the counterbore; the guide column and the steel ball are installed in the guide sleeve, the guide column and the guide sleeve are in clearance fit, the steel ball and the guide sleeve are transitionally matched, and the guide column and the steel ball are restricted along the guide sleeve. Axial movement; the upper end surface of the guide column is in contact with the first screw, the lower end surface of the guide column is in contact with the upper end of the steel ball, the lower end of the steel ball is in contact with the upper end surface of the gasket, and the lower end surface of the gasket is in contact with the ring workpiece.

The hardness of the guide column, the guide sleeve, the steel ball and the spacer are all HRC36-66.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that: the present invention provides multi-point adjustable axial static pressure on the ring workpiece, so that the workpiece is not subjected to radial force and tangential force when it is fixed, so the clamping of the workpiece The deformation is the smallest, which can effectively guarantee the dimensional accuracy and cylindricity of the turning process of the inner and outer circular surfaces of the workpiece; the present invention can adjust the pressing force of each pressing point by adjusting the tightening torque of the first screw at each pressing point, so that the workpiece The deformation of the workpiece is controllable; the inner and outer fixing devices of the present invention can act on the workpiece at the same time, so that when the inner and outer circles are processed and clamped, the state of the workpiece remains unchanged, which can effectively ensure the simultaneous processing of the inner and outer circles of the workpiece. Axis; the invention fixes the workpiece by applying multi-point adjustable axial static pressure, and at the same time, the state of the workpiece remains unchanged when the inner and outer circles are processed and clamped, so it is suitable for processing low rigidity, large diameter ring workpieces and rings The clamping deformation control effect of multi-piece stacked combined processing of workpieces is excellent, and the consistency of multi-piece combined processing can be guaranteed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an internal fixation device for ring workpieces of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the internal fixation device for ring workpieces of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the ring workpiece external fixation device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural diagram of the ring type workpiece external fixing device of the present invention;

5-7 are schematic flow charts of the working method of the device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention is a kind of ring type workpiece fixing device, comprises inner fixing device I and outer fixing device II, and described inner fixing device I structure is shown in Figure 1, 2, comprises inner fixing ring 11, inner compression ring 12 and inner connection Ring 13; the inner fixing ring 11 is a circular ring structure, and the inner fixing ring 11 is evenly distributed on the axial circumference of the inner fixing ring 11. There are screw holes for fixing with the external lathe table 22; the inner pressing ring 12 is a ring Shaped structure, the circumference of the outer ring surface of the inner compression ring 12 is evenly distributed with compression points 10 for the fixed ring type workpiece III; the inner fixed ring 11 and the inner compression ring 12 are fixedly connected by the inner connection ring 13, The upper circumference of the inner connecting ring 13 is evenly distributed with radial through holes; the outer diameters of the inner fixing ring 11 and the inner connecting ring 13 are equal, and the outer diameters of the inner pressing ring 12 are larger than the inner fixing ring 11 and the inner connecting ring 11. Ring 13.

Described external fixator II structure as shown in Figure 3, 4, comprises outer fixation ring 14, outer compression ring 15 and outer connecting ring 16; There are screw holes for fixing with the external lathe table 22 evenly distributed on the circumference; the outer compression ring 15 is a circular structure, and the inner ring surface of the outer compression ring 15 is evenly distributed with holes for fixing ring workpieces. The pressing point 10 of III; the outer fixing ring 14 and the outer pressing ring 15 are fixedly connected by the outer connecting ring 16, and the outer connecting ring 16 is evenly distributed with radial through holes on the circumference; the outer fixing ring 14 and The inner diameters of the outer connecting rings 16 are equal, and the inner diameters of the outer pressing ring 15 are smaller than the outer fixing ring 14 and the outer connecting ring 16 .

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 , the pressing point 10 includes a guide column 2 , a guide sleeve 3 , a steel ball 4 , a washer 5 and a first screw 6 . The first screw 6 is installed in the axial threaded hole at the center of the pressing point 10, the guide sleeve 3 is installed in the coaxial counterbore below the threaded hole, and the guide sleeve 3 is interference fit with the counterbore; the guide post 2 and the guide The sleeve 3 is clearance fit, and the steel ball 4 is transitionally matched with the guide sleeve 3, and the guide column 2 and the steel ball 4 are restricted from moving axially by the guide sleeve 3; the upper end surface of the guide column 2 is in contact with the first screw 6, and the lower end surface of the guide column 2 is in contact with the first screw 6. The upper end of the steel ball 4 is in contact, the lower end of the steel ball 4 is in contact with the upper end surface of the gasket 5, and the lower end surface of the gasket 5 is in contact with the ring workpiece III. When the first screw 6 is tightened, the first screw 6 pushes the guide post 2 to move downward, the guide post 2 pushes the steel ball 4, and the steel ball 4 presses the ring workpiece III through the gasket 5. The guide sleeve 3 restricts the guide column 2 and the steel ball 4 to move only in a direction parallel to the axis of the ring workpiece III, and the tightening force on the first screw 5 is transmitted to the steel ball 4 through the guide column 2, and the steel ball 4 generates axial pressure; When the first screw 6 is tightened, it will drive the guide column 2 to rotate, but the steel ball 4 is in point contact with the guide column 2 and the gasket 5, and will not generate horizontal component force with the rotation of the guide column 2, and the steel ball 4 is compressed by the gasket 5 Ring type workpiece III, the final ring type workpiece III is only subjected to axial force, not radial force and tangential force. The pressing force of each pressing point 10 is adjustable by adjusting the tightening torque of the first screw 6 . The hardness of the guide column 2, the guide sleeve 3, the steel ball 4 and the gasket 5 are all HRC36-66.

Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the concrete work of device of the present invention is introduced as follows:

Step 1: As shown in Figures 2 and 5, first place the ring workpiece III on the lathe table 22, and find the center of the circle; then use the second screw 21 to fix the internal fixing device I on the lathe table 22; place the gasket 5 Put it into the position corresponding to each pressing point 10 on the upper end surface of the ring workpiece III;

Step 2: Use a torque wrench to tighten the first screws 6 step by step to complete the fixation of the ring workpiece III; Dial indicator or dial indicator IV on the round face frame, real-time monitoring of the deformation of the ring workpiece III; after the ring workpiece III is fixed, the dial indicator or dial indicator IV is removed, and the outer circular surface turning is performed;

Step 3: As shown in Figures 2, 4, and 6, place the gasket 5 on the upper end surface of the ring workpiece III at the position corresponding to the pressing point 10 of the external fixation device II; then use the second screw 21 to fix the external fixation device II on the lathe table 22;

Step 4: Use a torque wrench to tighten the first screws 6 step by step to complete the fixation of the ring workpiece III; in order to ensure that the deformation of the ring workpiece III during the tightening process meets the deformation threshold, the external connection ring 16 The through hole on the side of the ring workpiece III is equipped with a dial indicator or dial indicator IV, and the deformation of the ring workpiece III is monitored in real time;

Step 5: As shown in Figures 2, 4, and 7, after the ring workpiece III is fixed, remove the dial gauge or dial gauge IV, loosen the first screw 6 on the internal fixation device I, and remove the internal fixation device I. The second screw 21 is removed, the internal fixation device I is removed, and the inner circle surface turning process is carried out, and finally the processing of the ring workpiece III is completed.

The content that is not described in detail in the description of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of ring class workpiece fixing device, comprise inner fixing device (I) and outer fixing device (II), it is characterized in that: described inner fixing device (I) comprises inner fixing ring (11), inner compression ring ( 12) and the inner connecting ring (13); the inner fixing ring (11) is a circular structure, and the inner fixing ring (11) is evenly distributed on the axial circumference with screws for fixing with the external lathe table (22) through holes; the inner compression ring (12) has a ring structure, and the circumference of the outer ring surface of the inner compression ring (12) is evenly distributed with compression points (10) for fixing ring workpieces (III); The inner fixing ring (11) and the inner compression ring (12) are fixedly connected through the inner connecting ring (13), and the upper circumference of the inner connecting ring (13) is evenly distributed with radial through holes; the inner fixing ring ( 11) It is equal to the outer diameter of the inner connecting ring (13), and the outer diameter of the inner pressing ring (12) is larger than the inner fixing ring (11) and the inner connecting ring (13); Described external fixing device (II) comprises outer fixing ring (14), outer compression ring (15) and outer connecting ring (16); Described outer fixing ring (14) is circular structure, and outer fixing ring (14 ) are evenly distributed on the upper axial circumference of the screw through holes for fixing with the external lathe table (22); the outer compression ring (15) is a ring structure, and There are pressing points (10) for fixing ring workpieces (III) evenly distributed on the circumference; the outer fixing ring (14) and the outer pressing ring (15) are fixedly connected through the outer connecting ring (16), and the outer connecting ring (16) The upper circumference is evenly distributed with radial through holes; the inner diameters of the outer retaining ring (14) and the outer connecting ring (16) are equal, and the inner diameters of the outer pressing ring (15) are smaller than the outer retaining ring ( 14) with outer connecting ring (16). 2. A ring-type workpiece fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said pressing point (10) includes guide column (2), guide sleeve (3), steel ball (4), gasket (5), the first screw (6); the first screw (6) is installed in the axial threaded hole at the pressing point (10), and the guide sleeve (3) is installed in the axial counterbore located below the above threaded hole Inside, the guide sleeve (3) is interference-fitted with the counterbore; the guide column (2) and the steel ball (4) are installed in the guide sleeve (3), and the guide column (2) is in clearance fit with the guide sleeve (3). The steel ball (4) is transitionally matched with the guide sleeve (3), and the axial movement of the guide column (2) and the steel ball (4) is restricted by the guide sleeve (3); the upper end surface of the guide column (2) and the first screw (6) Contact, the lower end surface of the guide column (2) contacts the upper end of the steel ball (4), the lower end of the steel ball (4) contacts the upper end surface of the gasket (5), and the lower end surface of the gasket (5) contacts the ring workpiece (III )touch. 3. A ring workpiece fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hardness of the guide column (2), guide sleeve (3), steel ball (4) and gasket (5) is HRC36 ~66.