CN103944782B - Multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator - Google Patents
Multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103944782B CN103944782B CN201410161859.0A CN201410161859A CN103944782B CN 103944782 B CN103944782 B CN 103944782B CN 201410161859 A CN201410161859 A CN 201410161859A CN 103944782 B CN103944782 B CN 103944782B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator, including usb circuit, non-isolation DC DC Switching Power Supplies, single-chip microcomputer and its peripheral circuit, isolation DC DC Switching Power Supplies, storage and display circuit, 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits, single-chip microcomputer respectively with usb circuit, non-isolation DC DC Switching Power Supplies, storage and display circuit, 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits be connected, usb circuit respectively with non-isolation DC DC Switching Power Supplies, isolate DC DC Switching Power Supplies connection.The signal imitation function of electric automobile and vehicle-mounted charger and battery management system of the present invention with CAN, while having USB CAN signals to change and CAN signal monitoring function.The present invention can independent operating, real-time is good, it is possible to achieve hardware in loop is simulated;Compact hardware, small volume, cost performance is high, facilitates popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vehicle electric field, and in particular to multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator.
Background technology
Electric automobile is an important directions of development of automobile, and it is to use motor generation with internal-combustion engines vehicle maximum difference
Internal combustion engine is replaced, so that great-capacity power battery and corresponding charging equipment.Due to great-capacity power battery work characteristics and
The factor such as cost is high is, it is necessary to special battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) is managed to it
Reason.On the other hand, electric automobile is the networked devices being coupled to each other by several communication systems, and CAN is in automotive networking
In be in core status, Vehicular charger and BMS belong to CAN node device.
In order to complete the exploitation of the CAN node such as Vehicular charger and BMS, current technical staff is typically using general
CAN analyzer, and being completed by supporting PC application software, CAN analyzer only provides data conversion
Passage, the function of the typically no simulation mobile unit of PC application software is, it is necessary to user carries out the volume of single-CAN bus data bag
Write and send, it is very inconvenient, and be difficult to accomplish the real-time response of CAN signal.Some full-sized car bus apparatus moulds
Although intending, device function is more and real-time is preferable, and price is very expensive, is fixedly mounted on laboratory, it is impossible to carry, Er Qiezhu
The ECU (Electronic Control Unit, ECU) of internal-combustion engines vehicle is directed to, vehicle-mounted without electric automobile is filled
The simulation of motor and BMS equipment.
The present invention in view of the shortcomings of the prior art with the new demand of the vehicle-mounted equipment simulating of electric automobile, propose a kind of hardware into
This relatively low, real-time is good, the configurable and portable mobile unit simulator of analog machine parameter, and has general CAN concurrently
The function of Bus analyzer and converter.
The content of the invention
Vast work vehicle electronicses Shi Kaifa CAN Bus in Electric mobile units for convenience, it is desirable to apparatus of the present invention
It is multi-functional and be convenient for carrying, existing CAN device signal analog functuion has general CAN analyzer and converter again
Monitoring and Pass-Through (transparent transmission) function;Real-time should be asked good, it is low in energy consumption and be convenient for carrying again, also require
Firmware can upgrade, and be that a kind of multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus are vehicle-mounted to be adapted to more mobile unit CAN signal simulations
Equipment simulator (hereinafter referred to as simulator).
Realize above-mentioned target, it is necessary to carry using advanced microprocessor technology, power technology and software analogue technique
High performance-price ratio, diminution volume and reduction power consumption, the technical scheme of use are as follows:
A kind of multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator, it includes usb circuit, non-isolation DC-DC
Switching Power Supply, single-chip microcomputer and its peripheral circuit, isolation DC-DC Switching Power Supplies, storage and display circuit, 2 tunnel CAN interface electricity
Road.The single-chip microcomputer respectively with usb circuit, non-isolation DC-DC Switching Power Supplies, storage and display circuit, 2 tunnel CANs
Interface circuit is connected;The usb circuit respectively with non-isolation DC-DC Switching Power Supplies, isolate DC-DC Switching Power Supplies connect;
The usb circuit is used to obtain working power and realization and the communication connection of PC;The isolation DC-DC Switching Power Supplies with
2 tunnel CAN interface circuit connections, are that 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits are powered;Non-isolation DC-DC the Switching Power Supplies are the mould
Intend remaining circuit of the device in addition to 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits to power.
Further, the single-chip microcomputer is mainly used in running the device model of Vehicular charger and the device model of BMS;Institute
The device model of Vehicular charger and the device model of BMS are stated by mode input source, model parameter, model data structures, model
Algorithm and model exports Su Zucheng.Mode input source, model parameter and model output place are configured by PC, and are stored in and are deposited
In storing up electricity road;Model algorithm runs according to the sampling period for setting, and data is obtained from mode input source, according to device model pair
After the equation and model parameter answered are calculated, place output result is exported from model, device model is in the input of CAN and defeated
Go out and be transmitted according to SAE J1939 normal data bags.
Further optimally, transceiving data interrupt thread of the single-chip microcomputer for CAN peripheral hardwares on USB peripheral on piece and piece
External buffer area is set, level 2 buffering plot structure is constituted, make on piece CAN peripheral hardwares hardware on USB peripheral and piece, internal buffer,
Interrupt thread, external buffer area, main thread form the two-stage Producer-consumer model structure connected, single-chip microcomputer peripheral hardware and CPU
Can concurrent working.
Further optimally, the model algorithm of the device model of Vehicular charger uses controlled voltage source+RC circuit models,
The circuit model includes open-circuit voltage source, the first internal resistance, the second internal resistance, output capacitance, output voltage and output current.Work as BMS
By the way that after the charging voltage or charging current needed for CAN informs that Vehicular charger is exported, the model of Vehicular charger is calculated
Method calculates output voltage and output current, and inform BMS by adjusting open-circuit voltage.
Further optimally, the model algorithm of the device model of BMS uses Order RC circuit model, the circuit model to include
Shunt capacitance, parallel resistance, series capacitance, series resistance, terminal voltage and end electric current.The device model algorithm of BMS is by calculating
Terminal voltage and end electric current are obtained with the real-time change of charge or discharge process.
Further optimally, the communication connection of the usb circuit and PC, communication protocol uses USB2.0 Protocol Standards
Standard, and application layer protocol, the lattice of the data division of application layer packet are designed in the data link layer of USB2.0 consensus standards
Formula is function code, length and content, with 1 byte representation function code, with 1 byte representation length, with less than or equal to 62 table of bytes
Show content.Whole application layer packet can be transmitted in a data frame for usb data link layer.Except being equipped with mobile unit mould
Intend outside function, function code also realizes monitoring and the Pass-Through functions of general CAN analyzer and converter.
Further optimally, the single-chip microcomputer uses STM32F205RCT6 single-chip microcomputers;The isolation DC-DC Switching Power Supplies
It is that 2CAN bus interface circuits are powered using insulating power supply chip DCP020505P;Non-isolation DC-DC the Switching Power Supplies are used
NCP1529 chips.
Further optimally, the storage and display circuit are used using eeprom memory 93C86 as storage chip
74LCX07 and LED display simulator working conditions.
Further optimally, 2 tunnel CAN interface uses TJA1040 transceivers, and equipped with common-mode filter
ACT45B and ESD protection components PESD1CAN.
The present invention using New Co rtex-M3 kernels High Performance SCM STM32F205RCT6, needed for possessing simulator
USB and two-way CAN peripheral hardwares and relatively low power consumption, can greatly simplify the circuit of simulator.The treatment speed of STM32F205RCT6
Degree reaches 150DMIPS, and simulator can realize Real-time hardware in ring analog functuion.Firmware in single-chip microcomputer Flash can be by USB
Interface upgrade, meets the need for the vehicle-mounted equipment of electric automobile continues to develop.
CAN peripheral hardwares all contain internal buffer on USB peripheral and piece on the piece of single-chip microcomputer, are directed to piece respectively in system SRAM
The transceiving data interrupt thread of CAN peripheral hardwares sets external buffer area on upper USB peripheral and piece, constitutes level 2 buffering plot structure, makes
On piece on USB peripheral and piece CAN peripheral hardwares control circuit-peripheral hardware internal buffer-interrupt thread-external buffer area-main thread
The two-stage Producer-consumer model structure of series connection, single-chip microcomputer peripheral hardware and CPU energy concurrent workings are formed, the work of CPU is reduced
Amount and the reliability of guarantee data communication.
CAN peripheral hardwares on 2 tunnel CAN pieces of correspondence:CAN2 peripheral hardwares on CAN1 peripheral hardwares and piece on piece, the two of design operation simultaneously
Individual device model Simulator1 and Simulator2, includes Vehicular charger device model and BMS device models, equipment mould
The input source of type, model parameter and output place can be configured by PC, and are stored in EEPROM.Model algorithm is transported periodically
OK, data are obtained from mode input, after being calculated according to model parameter and model equation, place output result is exported from model.
From the input and output of CAN it is transmitted in the way of SAE J1939 packets, the packet one with real equipment
Cause.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that:
(1) analog functuion with Vehicular charger and BMS, can carry out parameter configuration with PC application software, can be independent
Operation, real-time is good, it is possible to achieve hardware in loop is simulated.
(2) compact hardware, low cost, small volume is easy to carry;Firmware is scalable with suitable more mobile units
Model;Low-power consumption, mixes the mobile phone power bank (being commonly called as electric tyrant) of 1000mAh, can continuously more than working 12 hours.
(3) transparent transmission and monitoring function of USB-CAN equipment are had concurrently, mixing PC application software can realize Pass-
Through and CAN analytic function, cost performance are high, facilitate popularization and application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system composition schematic diagram of simulator;
Fig. 2 is the firmware structure figure of simulator;
Fig. 3 is the device model structure of simulator;
Fig. 4 is the device model schematic diagram of Vehicular charger;
Fig. 5 is the device model schematic diagram of BMS;
Fig. 6 is to simulate the connection figure that BMS develops Vehicular charger;
Fig. 7 is to simulate the connection figure that Vehicular charger develops BMS;
Connection figure when Fig. 8 is Vehicular charger and BMS joint debuggings;
Connection figure when Fig. 9 is Vehicular charger and BMS trial operations.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the invention is illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but implementation of the invention and protection are not limited to
This.
With reference to Fig. 1, simulator by usb circuit, non-isolation DC-DC Switching Power Supplies, single-chip microcomputer and its peripheral circuit, every
From DC-DC Switching Power Supplies, storage and display circuit, 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits and firmware totally 7 parts.Single-chip microcomputer is used
STM32F205RCT6, is Cortex-M3 kernels, and processing speed reaches 150DMIPS, and integrated 256KB Flash and 96KB SRAM are deposited
Reservoir, also USB interface, 2 tunnel CAN interfaces and SPI interface On-Chip peripheral, it is ensured that the hardware configuration of simulator is simple,
Small volume and low cost.2 tunnel CAN interfaces use TJA1040 transceivers, and are protected equipped with common-mode filter ACT45B and ESD
Shield component PESD1CAN.Memory uses eeprom memory 93C86, for depositing simulator running parameter and model ginseng
Number;LED display two-way CAN and simulator working condition are driven by 74LCX07 using the PWM outputs of single-chip microcomputer.Per road
CAN has 4 LED lights, shows that Vehicular charger simulation, BMS equipment simulatings, monitoring and Pass-Through are saturating respectively
Bright transmission.When LED goes out, represent that the function does not work;When LED is bright, the function operation is represented;When LED flashes, representing should
Functional fault.Simulator is powered by usb circuit power taking using two-way DC-DC efficient switch power supplys, all the way using isolation
Power supply chip DCP020505P, aims at 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits and powers, and 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits can external CAN nets
Network, respectively CAN network 1 and CAN network 2.Simulator remaining circuit in addition to 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits is non-using another road
Insulating power supply is powered, using efficient NCP1529 chips, it is ensured that the high energy efficiency of whole simulator and low-power consumption, work electricity
Stream is less than 75mA, within power consumption 375mW.
Firmware is stored in the Flash of single-chip microcomputer, can carry out firmware upgrade by PC by USB interface.With reference to figure
2, the structure of firmware is the control circuit-peripheral hardware internal buffer-interrupt thread-external buffer area-main line of USB and CAN peripheral hardwares
The two-stage series connection Producer-consumer model of Cheng Zucheng, first order buffering area be on piece on USB peripheral and piece CAN peripheral hardwares it is interior
Portion's buffering area, second level buffering area is that external buffer area is set in system SRAM, and two-stage buffering ensures data communication
Reliability.CAN peripheral hardwares and the CPU concurrent workings of single-chip microcomputer on USB peripheral and 2 road pieces, reduce the work of CPU on the piece of single-chip microcomputer
Measure.Treatment to CAN peripheral datas on USB peripheral on piece and 2 road pieces is all completed using interrupt thread, improves communication
Real-time;CAN peripheral hardwares are respectively on piece CAN2 peripheral hardwares, corresponding device model on CAN1 peripheral hardwares and piece on 2 road pieces
The calculating of Simulator1 and Simulator2 realizes in main thread, the calculating energy of the model algorithm of Vehicular charger and BMS
Completed in 200 μ S, with extraordinary real-time.
With reference to Fig. 3, device model is exported by mode input source, model parameter, model data structures, model algorithm and model
Su Zucheng.Mode input source, model parameter and model output place are configured by PC, and are stored in EEPROM, single-chip microcomputer
Read automatically when upper electric.Model algorithm runs according to the sampling period of configuration, model CAN input and output according to
SAE J1939 normal data bags are transmitted, and the packet with real equipment is consistent.With reference to Fig. 4, the model of Vehicular charger is calculated
The circuit model that method is used uses controlled voltage source+RC circuit models, the model to include open-circuit voltage Ec, the first internal resistance Rc1, the
Two internal resistance Rc2, output capacitance Cc, output voltage Uc and output current Ic.When BMS informs that Vehicular charger is defeated by CAN
After going out certain charging voltage or charging current, the model algorithm of Vehicular charger is calculated by adjusting open-circuit voltage Ec
Output voltage Uc and output current Ic, and inform BMS.With reference to Fig. 5, the model algorithm of BMS uses Order RC circuit model, the mould
Type is comprising shunt capacitance Cbp, parallel resistance Rbp, series capacitance Cbs, series resistance Rbs, terminal voltage Ub and holds electric current Ib, BMS
Model algorithm by be calculated terminal voltage Uc and end electric current Ib with the real-time change of charge or discharge process.
USB2.0 consensus standards define only data link layer and its following agreement, it is necessary to design application layer protocol thereon
To realize the function of this simulator.Reference table 1, the form of application layer packet data division is function code (1 byte), length (1
Byte) and content (N byte), in order to guarantee to be transmitted in a USB bag, it is desirable to N≤62.Transmission refers to PC → simulator
The data transfer of → CAN, reception refers to the data transfer of PC ← simulator ← CAN.Function code 11, for setting
The working method of device model, including Pass-Through, monitoring and three kinds of modes of simulator, respectively with other function codes pair
The running parameter of these three working methods is configured and is realized transparent data transfer.USB application layer protocols provide general CAN
It is vehicle-mounted that the function of Bus analyzer and converter, the monitoring of simulator and the function of Pass-Through facilitate technical staff to carry out
The exploitation of CAN equipment, reduces the developing instrument quantity of their indispensabilities.With existing CAN analyzer and Pass-
Through equipment is the same, is completed when simulator is operated in both modes, it is necessary in the presence of PC;When being equipment mould
When intending function, can be by PC configuration parameter, and can be without the participation of PC during actual motion.
Table 1
Battery life and economical operation of the Vehicular charger and battery management system (BMS) of electric automobile to electric automobile
It is most important, can be carried out as follows when Vehicular charger and BMS is developed:
The first step, develops Vehicular charger, BMS systems is simulated with simulator and gives Vehicular charger sending signal.With reference to
Fig. 6, Vehicular charger enters line output voltage and current control according to the CAN1 packets of simulator, realizes that the charging of battery pack is bent
Line.During the load test of Vehicular charger, can be replaced with an ohmic load, and first carry out function survey in low pressure low current
Examination;After perfect in shape and function, then progressively carry out relatively high power experiment.
Second step, develops BMS systems.Replace onboard charger with simulator to develop the CAN part of BMS, refer to
Fig. 7, carry out again afterwards low pressure low current battery pack charge function exploitation, improve BMS functions, be stepped up its charging voltage and
Electric current.
The above-mentioned first step and second step can exchange order, you can first to develop BMS, Vehicular charger is developed afterwards, also may be used
To carry out simultaneously.Simulator can be with independent operating in this two step.
After the completion of 3rd step, Vehicular charger and BMS are preliminary, connected according to Fig. 8, application simulation device carries out joint debugging, complete
The exploitation of kind Vehicular charger and BMS.Now simulator plays bridge and monitoring, data is all collected and carried out on PC
Display and analysis.
4th step, the Vehicular charger and BMS completed to Preliminary Exploitation carries out trial operation, motor-driven and motor
Connect, experiment is proceeded by from small-power, simulator as monitoring and analyzer, connected according to Fig. 9, can for a long time monitor vehicle-mounted
The signal sequence and information exchange of charger and BMS, it is further complete on this basis to carry out signal analysis and fault diagnosis
Both performances kind.
3rd step and the 4th step simulator make CAN analyzer and are used, it is necessary to PC participates in analysis.
As above can preferably implement the present invention and obtain technique effect of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator, it is characterised in that:Including usb circuit, it is non-every
It is total from DC-DC Switching Power Supplies, single-chip microcomputer and its peripheral circuit, isolation DC-DC Switching Power Supplies, storage and display circuit, 2 road CAN
Interface circuit;The single-chip microcomputer respectively with usb circuit, non-isolation DC-DC Switching Power Supplies, storage and display circuit, 2 tunnels
CAN interface circuit is connected;The usb circuit respectively with non-isolation DC-DC Switching Power Supplies, isolate DC-DC switch electricity
Source connects;The usb circuit is used to obtain working power and realization and the communication connection of PC;The isolation DC-DC is opened
Powered-down source is connected with 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits, is that 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits are powered;Non-isolation DC-DC switches the electricity
Source is that remaining circuit of the simulator in addition to 2 tunnel CAN interface circuits is powered;It is vehicle-mounted that the single-chip microcomputer is mainly used in operation
The device model of charger and the device model of BMS;The device model of the Vehicular charger and the device model of BMS are by model
Input source, model parameter, model data structures, model algorithm and model output Su Zucheng;Mode input source, model parameter and mould
Type output place is configured by PC, and is stored in storage circuit;Model algorithm runs according to the sampling period for setting, from
Mode input source obtains data, defeated from model output place after being calculated according to the corresponding equation of device model and model parameter
Go out result, device model is transmitted in the input and output of CAN according to SAE J1939 normal data bags;The monolithic
Eedle sets external buffer area to the transceiving data interrupt thread of CAN peripheral hardwares on USB peripheral on piece and piece, constitutes Secondary buffer
Structure, make on piece the control circuit of CAN peripheral hardwares on USB peripheral and piece, peripheral hardware internal buffer, interrupt thread, external buffer area,
Main thread forms the two-stage Producer-consumer model structure of series connection, and single-chip microcomputer peripheral hardware and CPU can concurrent workings.
2. multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that vehicle-mounted
The model algorithm of the device model of charger uses controlled voltage source+RC circuit models, the circuit model to include open-circuit voltage source
(Ec), the first internal resistance(Rc1), the second internal resistance(Rc2), output capacitance(Cc), output voltage(Uc)And output current(Ic);When
BMS by CAN inform Vehicular charger export needed for charging voltage or charging current after, the model of Vehicular charger
Algorithm is by adjusting open-circuit voltage(Ec), calculate output voltage(Uc)And output current(Ic), and inform BMS;The equipment of BMS
The model algorithm of model uses Order RC circuit model, the circuit model to include shunt capacitance(Cbp), parallel resistance(Rbp), string
Connection electric capacity(Cbs), series resistance(Rbs), terminal voltage(Ub)With end electric current(Ib);The device model algorithm of BMS is by calculating
To terminal voltage(Uc)With end electric current(Ib)With the real-time change of charge or discharge process.
3. multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
The communication connection of usb circuit and PC, communication protocol uses USB2.0 consensus standards, and in the number of USB2.0 consensus standards
According to application layer protocol is designed on link layer, the form of the data division of application layer packet is function code, length and content, with 1
Byte representation function code, with 1 byte representation length, with less than or equal to 62 byte representation contents.
4. multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Single-chip microcomputer uses STM32F205RCT6 single-chip microcomputers;The isolation DC-DC Switching Power Supplies use insulating power supply chip
DCP020505P, is that 2CAN bus interface circuits are powered;Non-isolation DC-DC the Switching Power Supplies use NCP1529 chips.
5. multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Storage and display circuit, as storage chip, simulator work are shown using 74LCX07 and LED using eeprom memory 93C86
Make state.
6. multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described 2
Road CAN interface uses TJA1040 transceivers, and equipped with common-mode filter ACT45B and ESD protection component PESD1CAN.
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CN106501731A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-03-15 | 浙江万克新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of power battery box supplied materials detection means and its method |
CN107121923B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2023-06-16 | 山东泰开自动化有限公司 | Redundant direct-current charging pile BMS circuit and communication method |
CN114416608A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-04-29 | 埃夫特智能装备股份有限公司 | External equipment simulation platform based on virtual robot controller bus structure and simulation method thereof |
CN114844811B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2024-03-01 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Test method and test system for vehicle-mounted terminal |
CN115643124A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-01-24 | 南京轶诺科技有限公司 | PC simulation automobile CAN bus communication system |
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CN103019234A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-03 | 中国汽车技术研究中心 | Battery management and acquisition subsystem of new energy vehicle and method for controlling battery management and acquisition subsystem |
CN203984444U (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-12-03 | 华南理工大学 | Multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator |
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US20110234165A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-09-29 | Dennis Palatov | Modular Charging System for Multi-Cell Series-Connected Battery Packs |
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CN1721226A (en) * | 2004-07-12 | 2006-01-18 | 天津大学 | Purely electrical automobile host controller based on CAN bus and control method therefor |
CN103019234A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-03 | 中国汽车技术研究中心 | Battery management and acquisition subsystem of new energy vehicle and method for controlling battery management and acquisition subsystem |
CN203984444U (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-12-03 | 华南理工大学 | Multifunctional motor-driven automobile CAN-bus mobile unit simulator |
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