CN103941120A - Device for hydrophobicity detection and aging evaluation of composite insulator - Google Patents
Device for hydrophobicity detection and aging evaluation of composite insulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for hydrophobicity detection and aging evaluation of a composite insulator based on ultraviolet optical characteristics of liquid drop discharge. On the premise of guaranteeing safe operation of electric transmission and transformation equipment, the ultraviolet optical characteristics of discharge of liquid drops on the surface of the composite insulator are obtained effectively and used for reflecting the existing state and distribution of the liquid drops on the surface of the composite insulator and the aging conditions of the composite insulator, and corresponding aging evaluation criteria are provided. By means of the device, hydrophobicity reducing factors causing external insulation flashover accidents can be subjected to early detection and diagnosis, the resolution and accuracy of surface hydrophobicity detection of the composite insulator are improved, and continuity and reliability of power supply and distribution of an electric power system are effectively guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pick-up unit of electric system power transmission and transformation equipment outer insulation, particularly a kind of Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator based on drop electric discharge ultraviolet optics feature detects and Aging Assessment device.
Background technology
Composite insulator, with its superior electric property and higher economic benefit, has obtained increasingly extensive application in electric system power transmission and transforming equipment, also becomes the key factor that affects power network safety operation simultaneously.Compared with traditional porcelain insulator, operating composite insulator has generally shown catabiosis in various degree, causes hydrophobic nature to decline and affects insulating property.Therefore, the hydrophobic nature of carrying out composite insulator detects and Aging Assessment, is to ensure electric system power transmission and transformation equipment outer insulation reliability and improve one of important channel of safe operation of power system.
Current, aspect Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection and Aging Assessment, mainly adopt with the following method both at home and abroad:
(1) Static Contact horn cupping
Static Contact horn cupping adopts microsyringe that drop is placed in to insulator surface, characterize hydrophobic nature by measuring the contact angle forming between drop edge and insulator surface, although there is higher measuring accuracy, but need strict test environment, and ignore and the closely-related surperficial drop dynamic change of actual motion composite insulator, cannot effectively reflect the operation conditions of composite insulator.
(2) water spray stage method
Water spray stage method is proposed by power transmission and distribution research institute of Sweden (STRI), drops in the distribution situation of insulator surface by observing spray water, and contrast grading criteria and normal pictures adopt HC grade to characterize insulator hydrophobicity.The method is simple to operation directly perceived, but comparatively coarse to hydrophobic nature classification, and grade classification mainly relies on operating personnel's naked eyes to pass judgment on, and degree of accuracy is poor.
(3) leakage current method
Leakage current moves all the time through insulator, although can reflect insulator surface behavioral characteristics, and be convenient to realize online detection, but because the leakage current time domain of dissimilar insulator under varying environment operation changes the randomness and the dispersiveness that exist greatly, lack at present unified define method and evaluation criteria.
In sum, due to the complicacy of composite insulator material structure and influence factor thereof, detect with Aging Assessment still in the development and perfection stage for Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator, the methods such as the static contact angle, HC grade and the leakage current that adopt are all existing shortcoming in varying degrees with not enough.Therefore, the present invention can ensure under power transmission and transforming equipment safe operation prerequisite, effectively obtain the ultraviolet optics feature of compound inslation sub-surface drop electric discharge, in order to the aging performance of state, distribution and composite insulator that reflects that compound inslation sub-surface drop exists, and provide corresponding Aging Assessment criterion.
Summary of the invention
The defect or the deficiency that exist for prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator based on drop electric discharge ultraviolet optics feature to detect and Aging Assessment device, in the ultraviolet optics feature that ensures effectively to obtain under power transmission and transforming equipment safe operation prerequisite the electric discharge of compound inslation sub-surface drop, in order to the state that reflects that compound inslation sub-surface drop exists, the aging performance of distribution and composite insulator, and provide corresponding Aging Assessment criterion, can carry out early detection and diagnosis to the hydrophobic nature dampening factor that causes external insulation flashover accident, improve resolution and accuracy that composite insulator surface hydrophobicity detects, effective guarantee electric system for continuity and the reliability of distribution.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals: a kind of Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator based on drop electric discharge ultraviolet optics feature detects and Aging Assessment device is automatically to drip unit, day electric discharge optical detection unit of blind type ultraviolet imagery and the feature extraction of ultraviolet image and Aging Assessment cell formation by the uniform velocity boosting with protecting control module, microlitre liquid.
1, at the uniform velocity boosting with protecting control module is to be made up of the copper bar ground wire in ac high-voltage power supply, the high pressure connection that is connected power supply and detecting electrode, insulating bar, embedding insulating bar etc., realize test samples is at the uniform velocity applied to high pressure with the speed of about 1kV/s, until there is creeping discharge and flashover, then can reduce rapidly voltage to making zero; Wherein, the rate of pressure rise of 1kV/s can shorten detect required time with reach detect ensure when required voltage between electrode specimen surface electric field at the uniform velocity strengthen and there is not shelf depreciation, when after specimen surface generation creeping discharge and flashover, reduce rapidly voltage to making zero;
2, microlitre liquid automatically drips unit and mainly comprises solution reservoir vessel, micro pump, microlitre meter, liquid level sensor, draw water operation valve and the operation valve that drips, and realizes the controlled detection drop of size, position and filthy degree is placed in test samples surface; Concrete, described microlitre liquid drips unit automatically, its solution reservoir vessel is connected with micro pump by pipeline, micro pump is connected with microlitre meter by pipeline, microlitre meter is connected with the water dropping openings that below arranges by pipeline, the operation valve that draws water is set on the associated line circuit of micro pump and microlitre meter, the operation valve that drips is set on the associated line circuit of microlitre meter and water dropping openings, in microlitre meter, liquid level sensor is set; Liquid level sensor is connected with the signal input part of controller, and micro pump, the operation valve that draws water are connected with the signal output part of controller with the operation valve that drips;
3, the electric discharge optical detection unit of day blind type ultraviolet imagery be by day blind type ultraviolet imagery probe, sample circuit, holding circuit etc. form, realize the ultraviolet imagery of test samples surface-discharge in the process of at the uniform velocity boosting and flashover phenomenon detected and stored, concrete, described detecting unit, it has the epoxy insulation support of placing sample to be detected, adjustable semicircle stainless steel high-field electrode and adjustable plate shaped stainless steel ground electrode are set on support, described adjustable semicircle stainless steel high-field electrode and adjustable plate shaped stainless steel ground electrode are fixed on sample to be detected on support and compress by mechanical spiral device, between ac high-voltage power supply and adjustable semicircle stainless steel high-field electrode, 100k Ω protective resistance is set, described day, blind type ultraviolet imagery probe was arranged on epoxy insulation support below, and be connected that with PC imaging is inputed to PC,
4, the feature extraction of ultraviolet image and Aging Assessment unit be by the flashover ultraviolet image obtaining on time shaft, cut apart, conversion and digitizing, after dimensionality reduction, denoising Processing, by grey level histogram and the entropy of the ultraviolet image that discharges under the calculating flashover moment, judge the degree of aging of compound inslation sub-surface, for composite insulator running status assessment and aging judgement provide foundation more accurately, specific algorithm is as follows:
First, the electric discharge ultraviolet image obtaining is converted to the form storage of 3-dimensional digital matrix, and then obtain the one dimension gray-scale map of ultraviolet image by dimensionality reduction, the UV radiation intensity that gray-scale value in matrix discharges with sign between 0 to 255, wherein 0 represents not occur electric discharge and detection background, 255 represent the UV intensity maximum of electric discharge radiation, discharge the strongest.
Secondly, adopt formula (1) to calculate the number in gray level electric discharge ultraviolet image with every kind of gray level pixel, obtain ultraviolet grey level histogram, every kind of frequency that gray scale occurs in reflection image, and tentatively judge discharge characteristic and aging characteristics: histogram tends to the side that gray level is high, show to have occurred strong electric discharge, aging comparatively serious; The histogram of soft image is narrow and concentrate on the middle part of gray level, shows that strength of discharge is relatively little and feature is more consistent, and hydrophobic nature is better.
Wherein, the statistic that An is a certain gray-scale value, in the time that the pixel gray-scale value of the capable j row of i is n, the value of Iij is 1; In the time that the pixel gray-scale value of the capable j row of i is not n, the value of Iij is 0.
Finally, by the grey level histogram of electric discharge ultraviolet image is carried out to characteristic statistics, obtain insulator creeping discharge feature under discrete droplets effect, and then set up the corresponding relation of electric discharge ultraviolet optics characteristic parameter and Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator variation, aging characteristics are carried out to qualitative assessment.
1) adopt formula (2) to calculate the gray-scale value summation of grey level histogram, can reflect strength of discharge, the larger reflection strength of discharge of gray-scale value summation is larger, and the arc glow Shaoxing opera of generation is strong, and degree of aging is more serious.
S=∑I(i，j) (2)
Wherein, S is gray-scale value summation, and I (i, j) is the pixel gray-scale value of the capable j row of i.
2) employing formula (3) calculates the entropy of grey level histogram, can reflect the variations in detail of the image that discharges, and entropy is higher shows that electric discharge is more complicated, degree of aging aggravation.
Wherein,
I (i, j) is the pixel gray-scale value of the capable j row of i.
5, system display unit mainly comprises flashover ultraviolet image display interface, grey level histogram distribution interface and the Aging Assessment assay surface based on electric discharge ultraviolet image entropy.
Compared with existing detection technique, the present invention detects safety, rapid, accurate, is convenient to staff and operates diagnosis, and concrete beneficial effect is as follows:
1, adopt liquid microlitre automatic drip dropping control device, can rapidly, precisely control gradation for surface pollution, droplet size and the drippage position of detecting drop, be convenient to form the detection drop of standard, reduced the detection error that drop error causes, improved the comparability and the accuracy that detect;
2, adopt and at the uniform velocity boost and protect automaton, can apply voltage at test samples two ends rapidly, and voltage can be made zero rapidly after generation edge flashing, ensured testing staff's security, shortened sense cycle, saved detection time;
3, adopt the electric discharge optical detection apparatus of day blind type ultraviolet imagery, can obtain rapidly the high definition ultraviolet image of test samples edge flashing, high speed time axle based on image is cut apart and conversion, treatment technology, obtain grey level histogram and the entropy of the ultraviolet image that discharges under the flashover moment, and then directly judge the degree of aging of compound inslation sub-surface, can within the shortest time, meet accuracy of detection and quantitative requirement, for composite insulator running status assessment and aging judgement provide foundation more accurately;
4, pick-up unit is convenient and swift, can arbitrarily place various samples, and thickness, size on sample all can be chosen arbitrarily and not affect measurement result, is convenient to use manpower and material resources sparingly, and improves detection efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structure of the detecting device schematic diagram of the present invention.Symbol in Fig. 1 represents: 1-test samples; 2-epoxy insulation support; 3-is adjustable semicircle stainless steel high-field electrode; 4-is adjustable plate shaped stainless steel ground electrode; 5-ac high voltage source; 6-100k Ω protective resistance; 7-day, blind type ultraviolet imagery was popped one's head in; 8-PC machine.
Fig. 2 is liquid microlitre automatic drip dropping control device schematic diagram of the present invention.Symbol in Fig. 2 represents: 9-detects solution reservoir vessel; 10-micro pump; 11-microlitre meter; 12-liquid level sensor; The 13-operation valve that draws water; The 14-operation valve that drips; 15-water dropping openings.
Fig. 3 is specimen surface electrode structure and droplet position schematic diagram.Symbol in Fig. 3 represents: 1-test samples; 3-is adjustable semicircle stainless steel high-field electrode; 4-is adjustable plate shaped stainless steel ground electrode; The filthy drop of 16-.
Fig. 4 is the grey level histogram of different degree of aging specimen surface electric discharge uv-spectrograms.
Fig. 5 is the Gray Histogram value of different degree of aging samples.
Fig. 6 is the histogram entropy of different degree of aging samples.
Embodiment
Describe content of the present invention in detail below by specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to realize the visual measuring ability of Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator based on drop electric discharge ultraviolet optics feature, realizes the rapid evaluation aging to composite insulator.Object of the present invention can reach by following measures: described device mainly drips unit, day electric discharge optical detection unit of blind type ultraviolet imagery and the feature extraction of ultraviolet image and Aging Assessment cell formation by the uniform velocity boosting with protecting control module, microlitre liquid automatically.By liquid microlitre automatic drip dropping control device, filthy drop is dropped to specimen surface, day, blind type ultraviolet imagery probe gathered the ultraviolet ray of the electric discharge radiation of specimen surface, and its imaging is inputed to PC, then convert ultraviolet image to digital signal by image processing system, through ultraviolet image feature extraction and Aging Assessment system acquisition electric discharge ultraviolet characteristic parameter, thereby realize the purpose of appraisals to specimen surface hydrophobic nature.
Concrete detection appraisal procedure is as follows:
Be placed on epoxy insulation support 2 parallel sample 1 to be detected, can be with certain pressure extrusion at specimen surface by the mechanical spiral device adjustable semicircle stainless steel high-field electrode 3 of adjusting and adjustable plate shaped stainless steel ground electrode 4;
On adjustable semicircle stainless steel high-field electrode 3, applying peak value by ac high voltage source 5 is 30kV alternating voltage; Under 30kV voltage, can ensure specimen surface generation creeping discharge and flashover, make system there is best detection and Evaluated effect to electric discharge UV radiation;
Connect PC 8 and a day blind type ultraviolet imagery 7 measurement mechanisms such as grade of popping one's head in, and prepare by PC 8 record electric discharge ultraviolet image automatically;
Micro pump 10 is by Electric Machine Control, Control is passed through in the unlatching of motor, by the unlatching of draw water operation valve 13 and the operation valve 14 that drips, the solution of certain volume is drawn into microlitre meter 11 and drops to specimen surface by water dropping openings 15 from detecting solution reservoir vessel 9; Concrete, the operation valve 13 that draws water is controlled by liquid level sensor 12 with the switching of the operation valve 14 that drips, when liquid level is lower than detecting when required droplet size, signal is transferred to controller by liquid level sensor 12, the controller control operation valve 13 that draws water is opened, micro pump 10 is started working, and the operation valve 14 that drips is closed; In the time that liquid level reaches the required droplet size of detection, the operation valve 13 that draws water is closed, and micro pump 10 quits work, and the operation valve 14 that drips is opened, and completes drop drippage.
By PC 8 by day blind type ultraviolet imagery probe 7 ultraviolet images that record specimen surface electric discharge convert digital picture to, extract the characteristic parameter of electric discharge ultraviolet image;
According to Measuring Time and the setting of measuring number of times, measurement mechanism is closed in timing.
Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator Aging Assessment system provided by the invention, can in time measure effectively fast ultraviolet image and the characteristic parameter thereof of specimen surface drop induced discharge, thereby realize the purpose of appraisals to specimen surface hydrophobic nature.
Embodiment: adopt above-mentioned experimental procedure, measure the grey level histogram of the surperficial drop induced discharge ultraviolet image that the composite insulator samples of 4 kinds of different working times obtains as shown in Figure 4, its concrete acquisition methods calculates as formula (1):
Wherein, the statistic that An is a certain gray-scale value, in the time that the pixel gray-scale value of the capable j row of i is n, the value of Iij is 1; In the time that the pixel gray-scale value of the capable j row of i is not n, the value of Iij is 0.
Finally, quantitatively calculate respectively the characteristic parameter of grey level histogram by formula (2) and formula (3): the entropy of gray-scale value summation and grey level histogram, and then assessment sample degree of aging, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
S=∑I(i，j) (2)
Wherein, S is gray-scale value summation, and I (i, j) is the pixel gray-scale value of the capable j row of i.
Wherein,
I (i, j) is the pixel gray-scale value of the capable j row of i.
The test result of synthesizing map 4-6, final analysis show that sample IV is aging serious, and suggestion is changed in time, and the degree of aging of sample I, sample II and sample III increases gradually, but still has good hydrophobic nature, can continue to use.
Claims (4)
1. the Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator based on drop electric discharge ultraviolet optics feature detects and Aging Assessment device; it is mainly automatically to drip unit, day electric discharge optical detection unit of blind type ultraviolet imagery and the feature extraction of ultraviolet image and Aging Assessment cell formation by the uniform velocity boosting with protecting control module, microlitre liquid, it is characterized in that:
It is described that at the uniform velocity to boost with protecting control module be to be made up of the copper bar ground wire in ac high-voltage power supply, the high pressure connection that is connected power supply and detecting electrode, insulating bar, embedding insulating bar etc., in order to realize, test samples is at the uniform velocity applied to high pressure with the speed of about 1kV/s, until there is creeping discharge and flashover, then can reduce rapidly voltage to making zero;
Described microlitre liquid automatically drips unit and mainly comprises solution reservoir vessel, micro pump, microlitre meter, liquid level sensor, draw water operation valve and the operation valve that drips, and realizes and treats the controlled detection drop of test samples surface placement size, position and filthy degree;
Described day blind type ultraviolet imagery electric discharge optical detection unit be by day blind type ultraviolet imagery probe, sample circuit, holding circuit etc. form, realize the ultraviolet imagery of test samples surface-discharge in the process of at the uniform velocity boosting and flashover phenomenon detected and stored;
The feature extraction of described ultraviolet image and Aging Assessment unit can be cut apart the flashover ultraviolet image obtaining on time shaft, conversion and digitizing, after dimensionality reduction, denoising Processing, by grey level histogram and the entropy of the ultraviolet image that discharges under the calculating flashover moment, judge the degree of aging of compound inslation sub-surface, for composite insulator running status assessment and aging judgement provide foundation more accurately.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: further comprise system display unit, described system display unit mainly comprises flashover ultraviolet image display interface, grey level histogram distribution interface and the Aging Assessment assay surface based on electric discharge ultraviolet image entropy.
3. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described microlitre liquid drips unit automatically, its solution reservoir vessel is connected with micro pump by pipeline, micro pump is connected with microlitre meter by pipeline, microlitre meter is connected with the water dropping openings that below arranges by pipeline, the operation valve that draws water is set on the associated line circuit of micro pump and microlitre meter, the operation valve that drips is set on the associated line circuit of microlitre meter and water dropping openings, in microlitre meter, liquid level sensor is set; Liquid level sensor is connected with the signal input part of controller, and micro pump, the operation valve that draws water are connected with the signal output part of controller with the operation valve that drips.
4. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described detecting unit, it has the epoxy insulation support of placing sample to be detected, adjustable semicircle stainless steel high-field electrode and adjustable plate shaped stainless steel ground electrode are set on support, described adjustable semicircle stainless steel high-field electrode and adjustable plate shaped stainless steel ground electrode are fixed on sample to be detected on support and compress by mechanical spiral device, between ac high-voltage power supply and adjustable semicircle stainless steel high-field electrode, 100k Ω protective resistance is set, described day, blind type ultraviolet imagery probe was arranged on epoxy insulation support below, and be connected that with PC imaging is inputed to PC.
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| CN109813635A (en) * | 2019-01-01 | 2019-05-28 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Based on electric field through the device of diffusion method measurement nucleic diffusion coefficient in rock soil medium |
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| CN110954793A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-03 | 西安交通大学 | Composite insulator umbrella skirt aging detection method and detection device based on spectral imaging |
| CN114034646A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-02-11 | 太初环塑科技(浙江)有限公司 | Recovered plastic bottle identification system |
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| CN106199246A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-12-07 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of fast evaluation method of composite insulator degree of aging |
| CN106199246B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2019-03-12 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of rapid detection method of composite insulator degree of aging |
| CN106990338A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-07-28 | 国网江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of insulator telemetry system based on UV pulse method |
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| CN107688141B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2023-12-29 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Interface of composite insulator Performance test system and method |
| CN110525748A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-12-03 | 珠海圣诺电子设备有限公司 | 3C communication module automatic packaging production line |
| CN109813635A (en) * | 2019-01-01 | 2019-05-28 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Based on electric field through the device of diffusion method measurement nucleic diffusion coefficient in rock soil medium |
| CN109813635B (en) * | 2019-01-01 | 2021-04-30 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Device for measuring diffusion coefficient of nuclide in rock-soil medium based on electric field penetration diffusion method |
| CN109633393A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-16 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of composite insulating material edge flashing experimental provision and experimental method |
| CN110954792A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-03 | 西安交通大学 | Characteristic waveband extraction method based on hyperspectral imaging composite insulator umbrella skirt aging |
| CN110954793A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-03 | 西安交通大学 | Composite insulator umbrella skirt aging detection method and detection device based on spectral imaging |
| CN110954792B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 西安交通大学 | Characteristic waveband extraction method based on hyperspectral imaging composite insulator umbrella skirt aging |
| CN110954793B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-01 | 西安交通大学 | Composite insulator umbrella skirt aging detection method and detection device based on spectral imaging |
| CN114034646A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-02-11 | 太初环塑科技(浙江)有限公司 | Recovered plastic bottle identification system |
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