Increment type grating scale failure detector and detection method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of failure detector, particularly a kind of increment type grating scale failure detector and detection method thereof.
Background technology
Grating scale is again grating scale displacement transducer, is a kind of very important measurement mechanism, can measure straight-line displacement and angular displacement.Grating scale is widely used in the aspect such as lathe and present machining center and surveying instrument, particularly occupies very important status at numerically-controlled machine and Precision Machining industry.Due to the feature such as the measurement range of grating scale is large, measuring accuracy is high, be quick on the draw, it becomes the requisite device of processing and manufacturing industry gradually.
Grating scale is so important to the effect of lathe, if the grating scale of lathe goes wrong, goes wrong with regard to the eyes that are equivalent to a people, revise not in time, and be very large on the impact of work.At present, be mainly to carry out on the machining tool that this grating scale is housed to the detection of the grating scale breaking down, and can only detect for the grating scale being applied on this lathe, detect inconvenience, in addition, also normal production is impacted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of increment type grating scale failure detector and detection method thereof are provided.
Increment type grating scale failure detector comprises frame, end bearing end cap moves about, end bearing block moves about, the first slide block, slide unit, travel switch touch panel, screw pair nut, leading screw, the first rolling guide, the first guide rail clip, stiff end bearing seat, stiff end bearing (ball) cover, the first half a coupler, the second half a coupler, variable-frequency motor, motor mounting rack, microsystem display, microsystem main frame, grating reading head, scale grating, grating reading head is installed slide plate, the second slide block, scale grating erecting frame, the second rolling guide, the second guide rail clip, levelling shoe, the 3rd slide block, backward travel switch, Four-slider, forward stroke switch, electric control system, motor mounting rack is fixed in frame, variable-frequency motor is fixed on motor mounting rack, the second half a coupler is connected by flat key with the output shaft of variable-frequency motor, the first half a coupler is connected with the second half a coupler by bolt, leading screw is connected by flat key with the first half a coupler, move about end bearing block and stiff end bearing seat coordinates with leading screw respectively, move about end bearing block and stiff end bearing seat is fixed in frame, the end bearing end cap that moves about is fixed on and moves about on end bearing block, stiff end bearing (ball) cover is fixed on stiff end bearing seat, lead screw pair nut coordinates with leading screw, lead screw pair nut is connected with slide unit by screw, travel switch touch panel and grating reading head are installed slide plate and are fixed with slide unit respectively, grating reading head is fixed on grating ruler reading head by screw to be installed on slide plate, scale grating is fixed on scale grating erecting frame by screw, scale grating erecting frame is fixed in frame, grating reading head is connected with microsystem main frame by data line, microsystem main frame is connected with microsystem display by data line, the first rolling guide and the second rolling guide are fixed by screw and frame respectively, the first guide rail clip and the second guide rail clip are fixed by screw and frame respectively, the first slide block and Four-slider coordinate with the first rolling guide respectively, the first slide block is connected with slide unit by screw respectively with Four-slider, the second slide block and the 3rd slide block coordinate with the second rolling guide respectively, the second slide block is connected with slide unit by screw respectively with the 3rd slide block, levelling bolt coordinates with frame spiral, forward stroke switch and backward travel switch are fixed in frame by screw.
Described electric control system comprises electric control system major loop and electric control system control loop, and described electric control system major loop comprises automatic air circuit breaker, contactor main contacts, frequency converter, regulator potentiometer, braking resistor, forward relay the first normally opened contact, reverse relay the first normally opened contact, described electric control system control loop comprises the first button, forward relay the second normally opened contact, the second button, contactor, reverse relay the second normally opened contact, contactor control loop contact, the 3rd button, motor positive and inverse control loop, described motor positive and inverse control loop comprises the first interlock button normally opened contact, the second interlock button normally closed contact, reverse relay normally closed contact, backward travel switch contact, forward relay, forward relay the 3rd normally opened contact, the first rotary switch, the second interlock button normally opened contact, the first interlock button normally closed contact, forward relay normally closed contact, travel switch contact, reverse relay, reverse relay the 3rd normally opened contact, the second rotary switch, in electric control system major loop, automatic air circuit breaker one termination three-phase supply, the automatic air circuit breaker other end is connected with contactor major loop switch, contactor major loop switch is connected with frequency converter, forward relay the first normally opened contact is connected with the digital input port of frequency converter respectively with reverse relay the first normally opened contact, regulator potentiometer is connected with analog input end and the power supply of frequency converter, braking resistor is connected with the analog input end of frequency converter, electric control system control loop one termination power, the warning output point of another termination frequency converter, electric control system control loop is in series by three parts, Part I is by the first button, forward relay the second normally opened contact and reverse relay the second normally opened contact formation parallel with one another, Part II is to be made up of the second button and the contact parallel connection of contactor control loop, Part III is to be connected by the 3rd button and motor positive and inverse control loop, and then in parallel with contactor, motor positive and inverse control loop comprises motor forward control loop and motor reversal control loop, described motor forward control loop is connected by forward relay the 3rd normally opened contact and the first rotary switch, in parallel with the first interlock button normally opened contact again, afterwards successively with the second interlock button normally closed contact, reverse relay normally closed contact, backward travel switch contact and forward relay are in series, described motor reversal control loop is connected by reverse relay the 3rd normally opened contact and the second rotary switch, in parallel with the second interlock button normally opened contact again, afterwards successively with the first interlock button normally closed contact, forward relay normally closed contact, travel switch contact and reverse relay are in series.
Described grating reading head is installed on slide plate and scale grating erecting frame and is had and be applicable to the threaded hole that different size increment type grating scale is installed.
The detection method of described increment type grating scale failure detector comprises the following steps:
1) level meter is placed on slide unit, regulates levelling bolt to make increment type grating scale failure detector in horizontality;
2) grating reading head is installed to grating reading head by screw and installs on slide plate, scale grating is installed on scale grating erecting frame by screw;
3) press the second button, start variable-frequency motor, regulate frequency converter, make slide unit under the speed of 0.03m/s~0.08m/s at the uniform velocity along the first rolling guide and the second rolling guide with respect to gantry motion, grating reading head moves with respect to scale grating;
4) stroke of slide unit is by forward stroke switch and the control of backward travel switch, slide unit has duty and crawl to adjust state, regulates the first rotary switch, the state can change slide unit and advance time, regulate the second rotary switch, the state can change slide unit and retreat time;
5) grating reading head is sent to microsystem by the signal of measurement by data line and processes, to grating scale circuit is adjusted according to the signal data of measuring, makes the output signal of grating scale reach permissible value;
6) after having worked, first press the 3rd button, variable-frequency motor is shut down, then press the first button, cut off major loop.
The present invention is specifically designed to detect the device that has fault increment formula grating scale, the task that the grating scale that breaks down is detected is freed from machining tool, use the present invention, can install fast or unload grating scale, and be applicable to the increment type grating scale of different size.In addition, the present invention is simple in structure, and equipment cost is low, easy to operate, low to workman's technical merit requirement, meets human engineering.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of increment type grating scale failure detector of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is mechanism's part-structure schematic diagram of increment type grating scale failure detector of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of increment type grating scale failure detector levelling bolt of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the electric control system figure of increment type grating scale failure detector of the present invention;
In figure, frame 1, end bearing end cap 2 moves about, end bearing block 3 moves about, the first slide block 4, slide unit 5, travel switch touch panel 6, screw pair nut 7, leading screw 8, the first rolling guide 9, the first guide rail clip 10, stiff end bearing seat 11, stiff end bearing (ball) cover 12, the first half a coupler 13, the second half a coupler 14, variable-frequency motor 15, motor mounting rack 16, microsystem display 17, microsystem main frame 18, grating reading head 19, scale grating 20, grating reading head is installed slide plate 21, the second slide block 22, scale grating erecting frame 23, the second rolling guide 24, the second guide rail clip 25, levelling shoe 26, the 3rd slide block 27, backward travel switch 28, Four-slider 29, forward stroke switch 30, automatic air circuit breaker 31, contactor main contacts 32, frequency converter 33, regulator potentiometer 34, braking resistor 35, forward relay the first normally opened contact 36, reverse relay the first normally opened contact 37, described electric control system control loop comprises the first button 38, forward relay the second normally opened contact 39, the second button 40, contactor 41, reverse relay the second normally opened contact 42, contactor control loop contact 43, the 3rd button 44, motor positive and inverse control loop, described motor positive and inverse control loop comprises the first interlock button normally opened contact 45, the second interlock button normally closed contact 46, reverse relay normally closed contact 47, backward travel switch contact 48, forward relay 49, forward relay the 3rd normally opened contact 50, the first rotary switch 51, the second interlock button normally opened contact 52, the first interlock button normally closed contact 53, forward relay normally closed contact 54, travel switch contact 55, reverse relay 56, reverse relay the 3rd normally opened contact 57, the second rotary switch 58.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, 2, shown in 3, increment type grating scale failure detector comprises frame 1, end bearing end cap 2 moves about, end bearing block 3 moves about, the first slide block 4, slide unit 5, travel switch touch panel 6, screw pair nut 7, leading screw 8, the first rolling guide 9, the first guide rail clip 10, stiff end bearing seat 11, stiff end bearing (ball) cover 12, the first half a coupler 13, the second half a coupler 14, variable-frequency motor 15, motor mounting rack 16, microsystem display 17, microsystem main frame 18, grating reading head 19, scale grating 20, grating reading head is installed slide plate 21, the second slide block 22, scale grating erecting frame 23, the second rolling guide 24, the second guide rail clip 25, levelling shoe 26, the 3rd slide block 27, backward travel switch 28, Four-slider 29, forward stroke switch 30, electric control system, motor mounting rack 16 is fixed in frame 1 by screw, variable-frequency motor 15 is fixed on motor mounting rack 16 by screw, the second half a coupler 14 is connected by flat key with the output shaft of variable-frequency motor 15, the first half a coupler 13 is connected with the second half a coupler 14 by bolt, leading screw 8 is connected by flat key with the first half a coupler 13, move about end bearing block 3 and stiff end bearing seat 12 coordinates with leading screw 8 respectively, move about end bearing block 3 and stiff end bearing seat 12 is fixed in frame 1, the end bearing end cap 2 that moves about is fixed on and is moved about on end bearing block 3 by screw, stiff end bearing (ball) cover 12 is fixed on stiff end bearing seat 11 by screw, lead screw pair nut 7 coordinates with leading screw 8, lead screw pair nut 7 is connected with slide unit 5 by screw, it is fixing by screw and slide unit 5 respectively that travel switch touch panel 6 and grating reading head are installed slide plate 21, grating reading head 19 is fixed on grating ruler reading head by screw to be installed on slide plate 21, scale grating 20 is fixed on scale grating erecting frame 23 by screw, scale grating erecting frame 23 is fixed in frame 1 by screw, grating reading head 19 is connected with microsystem main frame 18 by data line, microsystem main frame 18 is connected with microsystem display 17 by data line, the first rolling guide 9 and the second rolling guide 24 are fixing by screw and frame 1 respectively, the first guide rail clip 10 and the second guide rail clip 25 are fixing by screw and frame 1 respectively, the first slide block 4 and Four-slider 29 coordinate with the first rolling guide 9 respectively, the first slide block 4 is connected with slide unit 5 by screw respectively with Four-slider 27, the second slide block 22 and the 3rd slide block 27 coordinate with the second rolling guide 24 respectively, the second slide block 22 is connected with slide unit 5 by screw respectively with the 3rd slide block 27, levelling bolt 16 coordinates with frame 1 spiral, forward stroke switch 30 and backward travel switch 28 are fixed in frame 1 by screw.
As shown in Figure 4, the electric control system of increment type grating scale failure detector comprises electric control system major loop and electric control system control loop, and described electric control system major loop comprises automatic air circuit breaker 31, contactor main contacts 32, frequency converter 33, regulator potentiometer 34, braking resistor 35, forward relay the first normally opened contact 36, reverse relay the first normally opened contact 37, described electric control system control loop comprises the first button 38, forward relay the second normally opened contact 39, the second button 40, contactor 41, reverse relay the second normally opened contact 42, contactor control loop contact 43, the 3rd button 44, motor positive and inverse control loop, described motor positive and inverse control loop comprises the first interlock button normally opened contact 45, the second interlock button normally closed contact 46, reverse relay normally closed contact 47, backward travel switch contact 48, forward relay 49, forward relay the 3rd normally opened contact 50, the first rotary switch 51, the second interlock button normally opened contact 52, the first interlock button normally closed contact 53, forward relay normally closed contact 54, travel switch contact 55, reverse relay 56, reverse relay the 3rd normally opened contact 57, the second rotary switch 58, above-mentioned frequency converter 33 is selected Siemens MM440 frequency converter, contactor 41 is selected Siemens 3RT50 15-1BM41, forward relay 49 is selected Siemens 3RH51 31-1AN20, reverse relay 56 is selected Siemens 3RH51 31-1AN20, in electric control system major loop, automatic air circuit breaker 31 1 termination three-phase supply, automatic air circuit breaker 31 other ends are connected with contactor major loop switch 32, contactor major loop switch 32 is connected with frequency converter 33, , forward relay the first normally opened contact 36 is connected with digital input port DIN1 and the DIN2 of frequency converter 33 respectively with reverse relay the first normally opened contact 37, the analog input port AIN1+ of regulator potentiometer 34 and frequency converter 33, AIN1-and+10V power supply connect, the analog input port AIN2+ of braking resistor 35 and frequency converter 33, AIN2-connects, electric control system control loop one termination power, the warning output point RL1-C of another termination frequency converter 33, electric control system control loop is in series by three parts, Part I is by the first button 38, forward relay the second normally opened contact 39 and reverse relay the second normally opened contact 42 formation parallel with one another, can ensure that like this contactor 41 do not control the duty of frequency converter 33, after it connects major loop, under variable-frequency motor 15 duties, it is blocked by forward relay the second normally opened contact 39 or reverse relay the second normally opened contact 42, so just ensured can not directly cut off the power supply of frequency converter 33 in the situation that of variable-frequency motor 15 energising operation, only in the situation that variable-frequency motor 15 is shut down, could cut off major loop, Part II is to be made up of the second button 40 and 43 parallel connections of contactor control loop contact, Part III is to be connected by the 3rd button 44 and motor positive and inverse control loop, and then in parallel with contactor 41, motor positive and inverse control loop comprises motor forward control loop and motor reversal control loop, described motor forward control loop is connected by forward relay the 3rd normally opened contact 50 and the first rotary switch 51, in parallel with the first interlock button normally opened contact 45 again, afterwards successively with the second interlock button normally closed contact 46, reverse relay normally closed contact 47, backward travel switch contact 48 and forward relay 49 are in series, described motor reversal control loop is connected by reverse relay the 3rd normally opened contact 57 and the second rotary switch 58, in parallel with the second interlock button normally opened contact 52 again, afterwards successively with the first interlock button normally closed contact 53, forward relay normally closed contact 54, travel switch contact 55 and reverse relay 56 are in series.
As shown in Figure 1, described grating reading head is installed on slide plate 21 and scale grating erecting frame 23 and is had and be applicable to the threaded hole that different size increment type grating scale is installed.
The detection method of increment type grating scale failure detector comprises the following steps:
1) level meter is placed on slide unit 5, with spanner clamping levelling bolt 16, regulates levelling bolt 16 to make increment type grating scale failure detector in horizontality;
2) grating reading head 19 is installed to grating reading head by screw and installs on slide plate 21, scale grating 20 is installed on scale grating erecting frame 23 by screw;
3) press the second button 40, start variable-frequency motor 15, regulate frequency converter 33, slide unit 5 is at the uniform velocity moved with respect to frame 1 along the first rolling guide 9 and the second rolling guide 24 under the speed of 0.03m/s~0.08m/s, be that grating reading head 19 moves with respect to scale grating 20, increment type optical grating ruler measurement slide unit 5 is with respect to the displacement of frame 1;
4) stroke of slide unit 5 is controlled by forward stroke switch 30 and backward travel switch 28, slide unit 5 has duty and crawl to adjust state, regulate the first rotary switch 51, state can change slide unit 5 and advance time, the first rotary switch 51 is in the time of I position, slide unit 5 is in running order, press the second button 40, slide unit 5 setting in motions, the first rotary switch 51 is in the time of II position, slide unit 5 is in the crawl adjustment state of advancing, click the second button 40, slide unit 5 just can make a movement, position while being used for regulating slide unit 5 to advance, regulate the second rotary switch 58, state can change slide unit 5 and retreat time, the second rotary switch 58 is in the time of I position, slide unit 5 is in running order, press the second button 40, slide unit 5 setting in motions, the second rotary switch 58 is in the time of II position, slide unit 5 is in retreating crawl adjustment state, click the second button 40, slide unit 5 just can make a movement, position while being used for regulating slide unit 5 to retreat,
5) grating reading head 19 is sent to microsystem by the signal of measurement by data line and processes, from microsystem display 17, can find out the output signal of grating scale, according to the signal data of measuring, grating scale circuit is adjusted, made the output signal of grating scale reach permissible value;
6) after having worked, first press the 3rd button 44, variable-frequency motor 15 is shut down, then press the first button 38, cut off major loop.