CN103939373A - Atmosphere ejector control system in water ring vacuum pump unit and atmosphere ejector control method - Google Patents
Atmosphere ejector control system in water ring vacuum pump unit and atmosphere ejector control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103939373A CN103939373A CN201410129965.0A CN201410129965A CN103939373A CN 103939373 A CN103939373 A CN 103939373A CN 201410129965 A CN201410129965 A CN 201410129965A CN 103939373 A CN103939373 A CN 103939373A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C19/00—Rotary-piston pumps with fluid ring or the like, specially adapted for elastic fluids
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of vacuum equipment, and particularly relates to an atmosphere ejector control system in a water ring vacuum pump unit and an atmosphere ejector control method. The atmosphere ejector control system comprises a DCS, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a gas circuit bypass valve and a drive gas valve, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged on an extraction pipeline of the water ring vacuum pump unit, the temperature sensor is arranged on a working water pipeline of a water ring vacuum pump, signals of the pressure sensor and signals of the temperature sensor are input into the DCS, the gas circuit bypass valve is arranged on a pipeline which is connected with an atmosphere ejector in parallel, the drive gas valve is arranged on a drive gas inlet pipeline of the atmosphere ejector, and both the gas circuit bypass valve and the drive gas valve are connected into the DCS. According to the system and method, the input moment and the withdrawal moment of the atmosphere ejector can be accurately controlled, cavitation erosion and breaking of vacuum of a pumped system can be effectively avoided, and therefore the system in the unit can efficiently and stably operate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vacuum equipment field, be specifically related to vacuum pump control system and controlling method thereof in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly.
Background technique
Power plant generally all adopts liquid ring vacuum pump assembly as the vaccum-pumping equipment of vapour condenser at present.The vacuum of vapour condenser is higher, and the generating efficiency of power plant is just higher, so water-ring pump is all in the lower operation of limiting vacuum (the limiting vacuum here can reach while referring to water-ring pump work high vacuum).Because liquid-ring vacuum pump adopts water as working solution, so liquid-ring vacuum pump moves under limiting vacuum, will there is cavitation.Cavitation is a kind of physical phenomenon.At a certain temperature, suction working area at water-ring pump, pressure is low, and to certain degree, the gas that some is dissolved in working solution will be separated out from pendular ring, and, pressure lower (or more close to the saturation vapour pressure of pendular ring time), the bubble of separating out from pendular ring is more, and speed is faster, when suction pressure reaches the saturation vapour pressure of pendular ring, pendular ring is in fluidized state, and the rate of air sucked in required of water-ring pump will be zero.From the suction working area of water-ring pump to discharging working area, due to the increase gradually of pressure, the bubble of separating out from suction working area pendular ring sharply dwindles, so that break.When gross blowhole breaks, liquid particle will be filled the hole producing when bubble breaks at high speed, occur mutually to clash into and formation water attack.The frequency of this water attack is up to 2500Hz, and pressure is up to 49MPa, to making blade surface occur pit, when serious, can make the metal peeling of blade surface and forms cellular.Cavitation damage except the effect of mechanical force also with the effect of the Various Complexes such as electrolysis, chemical corrosion.The cavitation scene of liquid-ring vacuum pump is that exhaust capacity declines rapidly, produces very large noise, vibration, and impeller damages very soon.Can fundamentally avoid the method for liquid-ring vacuum pump cavitation before liquid-ring vacuum pump, to increase exactly vacuum pump, by vacuum pump, gas is carried out after certain compression, enter liquid-ring vacuum pump, liquid ring vacuum pump inlet pressure has improved again, and cavitation just can have been avoided.And vacuum pump also has the ability that further improves condenser vacuum, so increasing power plant all adopts the unit of vacuum pump+liquid-ring vacuum pump, the said Water-ring vacuum pump assembly of the present invention refers to the assembly of all parts such as water ring vaccum pump+vacuum pump+moisture trap+heat exchanger.
The advantage of vacuum pump only embodies when high vacuum, and in the time of rough vacuum, exhaust capacity is not separately used liquid-ring vacuum pump not good, thus control well vacuum pump input and withdraw from guarantee unit and efficiently move.In the prior art, be by unit suction port dress pressure switch, set two force value and control vacuum pump.Bring thus following shortcoming: because cavitation erosion is relevant with the working water temperature of water ring vaccum pump, under the higher operating mode of the water temperatures such as summer, according to pressure setting, do not drop into vacuum pump, but there is cavitation in liquid-ring vacuum pump, vibration, noise aggravate, and have greatly shortened the working life of liquid-ring vacuum pump; On the contrary, under the operating mode that in the winter time etc. water temperature is lower, reality cavitates, but has dropped into vacuum pump, and complete equipment exhaust capacity is declined, and causes condenser vacuum to decline, and increases cost of electricity-generating; And air-extractor exhaust capacity changes greatly when this method is switched, and then affect the stability of vapour condenser and steam turbine operation.Above-mentioned situation occurs too in the technological process of pharmacy, chemical industry etc. high vacuum.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of can effectively controlling the input of vacuum pump and withdrawing from control system and the controlling method on opportunity of high vacuum industry vacuum pump unit that be applicable to.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
Vacuum pump control system in a kind of Water-ring vacuum pump assembly, comprise that Distributed Control System is called for short DCS, pressure transducer, temperature transducer, gas circuit bypass valve, propellant valve, wherein pressure transducer is arranged on the exhaust pipe of Water-ring vacuum pump assembly, temperature transducer is arranged on the working water pipeline of water ring vaccum pump, the signal input DCS of pressure transducer and temperature transducer, gas circuit bypass valve is arranged on the pipeline in parallel with vacuum pump, propellant valve is arranged on the propellant entrance pipe of vacuum pump, gas circuit bypass valve and propellant valve all access DCS.
Particularly, described vacuum pump is connected with the air outlet of steam-water separator in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly by propellant entrance pipe, and the working water pipeline of described water ring vaccum pump is connected with the water outlet of steam-water separator.Described temperature transducer is arranged on the heat exchanger entrance place on the working water pipeline of water ring vaccum pump.
And:
The controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly,
One,, according to experiment, sum up following functional relation:
(1) when water ring vaccum pump produces cavitation phenomenons, the working water temperature t of water ring vaccum pump with taken out the functional relation of the pressure P of system: P1=F(t);
(2) according to experiment, determine and to make P2=F(t by pressure minimum value added k1)+k1, the P2 of usining is taken out the minimum authorized pressure value of system before as water ring vaccum pump unit commitment vacuum pump;
(3) according to experiment, determine and to make P3=F(t by pressure maximum value added k2)+k2, the P3 of usining withdraws from the maximum allowble pressure value of being taken out system before vacuum pump as Water-ring vacuum pump assembly.
Two, in described DCS, input the functional relation operation program of above-mentioned P1, P2 and P3 and t, described vacuum pump control system moved as follows:
(1) temperature transducer will be taken out system pressure measured value P input DCS by working water temperature measured value t, pressure transducer, DCS carries out the functional relation of the above-mentioned P1 of working water temperature measured value t substitution, P2 and P3 and t to draw calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3 after computing, then compared taking out the pressure measured value P of system and calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3;
(2) when P≤P2, close gas circuit bypass valve, open propellant valve, vacuum pump is dropped into and bleed;
(3) when P >=P3, open gas circuit bypass valve, close propellant valve, vacuum pump is withdrawn from and bled.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is vacuum pump control system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is functional relation plotted curve of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the exhaust capacity of water ring pump under the working water condition of different temperatures and the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump and taken out the experimental curve diagram of the suction pressure of system.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is Water-ring vacuum pump assembly of the present invention and vacuum pump control system schematic diagram thereof.
As shown in the figure, from the gas being come by the system of taking out, pass through successively entrance main valve 1, vacuum pump 2, water ring vaccum pump 3, then enters moisture trap 4.Between vacuum pump 2 and water ring vaccum pump 3, bypass valve 5 is housed, between vacuum pump 2 and moisture trap 4, propellant valve 6 is housed.When bypass valve 5 cuts out, when simultaneously propellant valve 6 is opened, enter water ring vaccum pump 3 after making gas in moisture trap 4 by vacuum pump 2 compressions, now vacuum pump 2 is devoted oneself to work.When bypass valve 5 is opened, when propellant valve 6 cuts out simultaneously, now vacuum pump 2 is withdrawn from work, and the gas being come by the system of taking out directly enters water ring vaccum pump 3.The air-water mixture of discharging from water ring vaccum pump 3 is after moisture trap 4 separation, and gas is discharged from top vent, and water is collected after over-heat-exchanger 7 is cooling in bottom, comes back to liquid-ring vacuum pump 3 and recycles.Unit entrance is equipped with pressure transducer 8, for measuring by the pressure P of the system of taking out, moisture trap 4 is equipped with temperature transducer 9 to the pipeline between heat exchanger 7, measurement be that the water temperature t that liquid-ring vacuum pump 3 ejects is the work water temperature in liquid-ring vacuum pump 3 pump housings.The numerical value of pressure transducer 8 and temperature transducer 9, by DCS logical operation, then, by controlling the opening and closing state of bypass valve 5 and propellant valve 6, is realized and is dropped into accurately and withdraw from vacuum pump 2.
Fig. 2 is vacuum pump control system block diagram of the present invention, as shown in the figure, comprise that Distributed Control System (Distributed Control System) is called for short DCS, pressure transducer, temperature transducer, gas circuit bypass valve, propellant valve, described pressure transducer and temperature sensing actuator temperature are inputted DCS by measured signal, and described gas circuit bypass valve and propellant valve all access DCS.
Vacuum pump control system is moved as follows:
(1) temperature transducer will be taken out system pressure measured value P input DCS by working water temperature measured value t, pressure transducer, DCS carries out the functional relation of working water temperature measured value t substitution P1, P2 and P3 and t to draw calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3 after computing, then compared taking out the pressure measured value P of system and calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3;
(2) when P≤P2, close gas circuit bypass valve, open propellant valve, vacuum pump is dropped into and bleed;
(3) when P >=P3, open gas circuit bypass valve, close propellant valve, vacuum pump is withdrawn from and bled.
Fig. 3 is functional relation plotted curve of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, in Fig. 3, abscissa is working water temperature t value, is the measured numerical value of temperature transducer 9 in Fig. 1.In Fig. 3, y coordinate is suction pressure P value (unit of P is hPa, after add abs represent absolute pressure), is the measured numerical value of pressure transducer 8 in Fig. 1.This plotted curve is to draw by repetitious test and on-the-spot use experience.
In Fig. 3, always have 3 curves, be divided into 3 regions, the region of curve below 2 is vacuum pump working zone, and more than 3 region of curve is water-ring pump working zone, and the region between curve 2 and curve 3 is transition region.
Curve 1 is liquid-ring vacuum pump cavitation curve, and functional relation is P1=F (t), that is to say, when liquid-ring vacuum pump is worked with lower area (being P≤P1) at this curve, cavitation will occur.
Curve 2 is that vacuum pump drops into curve, and relation is that P2=F (t)+k1(k1 is a constant), when P≤P2, will drop into vacuum pump.K1 is the value providing according to test experience, is equivalent to a safe clearance, drops into vacuum pump in the time of can not waiting until P=P1 again.K1 should be as far as possible little, as long as make P2 be slightly larger than P1.The value of K1 is reduced the time and drops into the needed time of vacuum pump and determine according to taking out system pressure, must guarantee to drop into the needed time of vacuum pump is less than and is taken out system pressure and be reduced to the needed time of P1 from P2, thereby effectively avoid cavitation to occur, therefore, the scope of k1 is 5hPa-10hPa.According to Water-ring vacuum pump characteristics, drop into after vacuum pump, the energy consumption of water ring vaccum pump will increase, and therefore guarantee that under the making time prerequisite of vacuum pump, K1 value should be got smaller value, the working zone of reducing vacuum pump as far as possible.If but can improve and be taken out system vacuum after input vacuum pump, make to be taken out system effectiveness and improve, now K1 can get higher value, strengthens the working zone of vacuum pump.
Curve 3 is that vacuum pump is withdrawn from curve, and relation is that P3=F (t)+k2(k2 is a constant), when P >=P3, will withdraw from vacuum pump.According to the exhaust capacity of water ring pump and vacuum pump, (exhaust capacity unit is m to pressure maximum value added K2
3/ min) determine (referring to Fig. 4) with the pressure dependence experimental value of being taken out system, its scope is 25hPa-40hPa.According to experiment, when when being taken out system pressure P >=P3, the exhaust capacity of water ring pump is greater than the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump, so will withdraw from vacuum pump, makes by the maintenance of the system of the taking out low pressure of trying one's best.Meanwhile, K2 has buffer function, because if only have P2=F(t)+k1, when the pressure P of being taken out system fluctuates back and forth in P2 value left and right, DCS will constantly order and drop into and withdraw from vacuum pump.So, after guaranteeing to withdraw from vacuum pump, taken out system pressure undulating value and can not caused that, under the prerequisite that repeatedly drops into vacuum pump, K2 value should be got smaller value, the working zone of reducing vacuum pump as far as possible.If improve and taken out system vacuum and make to be taken out system effectiveness and improve but drop into can to reduce after vacuum pump by the pressure of the system of taking out, now K2 can get higher value, strengthens the working zone of vacuum pump.
In a word, the choosing of K1, K2 value considered the theory of avoiding cavitation erosion, energy-saving consumption-reducing, increasing the benefit, different air-extractors, different the best choosing that all can be affected K1, K2 by the system of taking out, different working condition, different device fabrication and installation level etc. factor are worth, native system can regulate K1, K2 value by DCS when rigging up and debugging and commencement of commercial operation, to reaching optimum efficiency.
In Fig. 3, the region of curve below 2 is vacuum pump working zone, can effectively avoid cavitation erosion, and the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump is stronger than liquid-ring vacuum pump in this region, drops into the better effects if of vacuum pump.More than 3 region of curve is water-ring pump working zone, a little less than the exhaust capacity of this regional atmospheric sparger is than liquid-ring vacuum pump, and the better effects if that does not drop into vacuum pump.Region between curve 2 and curve 3 is transition region, suitable at exhaust capacity and the liquid-ring vacuum pump of this regional atmospheric sparger, and now vacuum pump can be thrown and can not throw.
Control system of the present invention and method, can realize and control exactly the input of vacuum pump and withdraw from opportunity, as shown in three of Fig. 3 curves, when working water temperature is 33 ℃, correspondingly, the water ring pump cavitation point relevant pressure of curve 1 is 58.3hPa, and it is 63.3hPa that the vacuum pump of curve 2 drops into some relevant pressure, and the point pressure of withdrawing from of curve 3 is 83.3hPa; And when working water temperature is 15 ℃, response curve 1 water ring pump cavitation point pressure is 26.2hPa, it is 31.2hPa that curve 2 vacuum pumps drop into point pressure, and the point pressure of withdrawing from of curve 3 is 51.2hPa.
If pressure switch is only set and two force value are controlled vacuum pump by prior art, as set, taken out system pressure and when 70hPaA, withdrawn from vacuum pump, when being 33 ℃, working solution temperature withdraws from vacuum pump by this pressure setting, because being drops on transition region, so no problem, but if water temperature is when being 15 ℃, 70hPaA withdraws from a 51.2hPa higher than vacuum pump, dropped on water ring pump working zone, therefore be should not withdraw from vacuum pump by 70hPaA pressure setting, and should when being greater than 51.2hPa, withdraw from vacuum pump.On the contrary, if setting is taken out system pressure and dropped into vacuum pump when 40hPa, when being 15 ℃, coolant-temperature gage drops into vacuum pump by setup pressure value no problem, because be, drop on transition region, if but water temperature is when being 33 ℃,, lower than water ring pump cavitation point 58.3hPa, there is serious cavitation in 40hPaA, therefore should be taken out when system pressure is greater than 58.3hPa and be dropped into vacuum pump at quilt, and should do not dropped into vacuum pump by 40hPaA.
Fig. 4 is the exhaust capacity of water ring pump under the working water condition of different temperatures and the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump and taken out the experimental curve diagram of the suction pressure of system.In figure, have 4 curves, abscissa is suction pressure, and y coordinate is exhaust capacity.
1. curve is the exhaust capacity curve of water ring pump when 15 ℃ of water temperatures;
2. curve is the exhaust capacity curve of water ring pump when 20 ℃ of water temperatures;
3. curve is the exhaust capacity curve of water ring pump when 30 ℃ of water temperatures;
4. curve is the exhaust capacity curve of vacuum pump, and due to the vacuum pump water liquid of working not, so the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump is with water temperature, it doesn't matter, only has one.
As can be seen from Figure 4, when water ring pump working water temperature is 15 ℃, 1. and 4. curve does not have intersection point, and now the exhaust capacity value of vacuum pump is all little than water ring vaccum pump, so need not drop into vacuum pump when 15 ℃ of water temperatures.
When water ring pump working water temperature is 20 ℃, curve intersection point 2. and is 4. at 60hPa, and now the exhaust capacity of water ring pump equals the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump.When suction pressure is greater than 60hPa, the exhaust capacity of water ring pump is greater than the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump, at this moment will withdraw from vacuum pump, otherwise can make to be raise by the pressure of the system of taking out, and degree of vacuum reduces.When suction pressure is less than 60hPa, when water ring pump approaches ultimate pressure 50hPa, approached the cavitation erosion point of 20 ℃ of work water temperatures, at this moment to drop into vacuum pump, to improve the suction pressure of water ring pump, avoid cavitation erosion.And now the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump is greater than the exhaust capacity of water ring pump, has guaranteed again by the pressure of the system of taking out constant or lower.
In like manner, when water ring pump working water temperature is 30 ℃, curve intersection point 3. and is 4. at 100hPa, and now the exhaust capacity of water ring pump equals the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump.When suction pressure is greater than 100hPa, the exhaust capacity of water ring pump is greater than the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump, at this moment will withdraw from vacuum pump.When suction pressure is less than 100hPa, the cavitation erosion point that has approached 30 ℃ of work water temperatures, now will drop into vacuum pump, to avoid cavitation erosion, and now the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump is greater than the exhaust capacity of water ring pump, can guarantee by the pressure of the system of taking out again constant or lower.
In a word, control system of the present invention and method, can realize and control exactly the input of vacuum pump and withdraw from opportunity, before liquid-ring vacuum pump cavitation, drop into vacuum pump, effectively avoid the generation of cavitation, and improve the exhaust capacity of unit, in a little less than vacuum pump exhaust capacity is than liquid-ring vacuum pump, withdraw from vacuum pump, avoid causing that being taken out system vacuum declines, make a whole set of machine assembly air-exhausting ability all the time in high state, guarantee system stable operation.The present invention is applicable to high vacuum industry, particularly the vapour condenser of power plant is vacuumized, and can improve the generating efficiency of power plant, guarantees power plant's efficient stable operation.
Claims (6)
1. the vacuum pump control system in a Water-ring vacuum pump assembly, it is characterized in that, comprise that Distributed Control System is called for short DCS, pressure transducer, temperature transducer, gas circuit bypass valve, propellant valve, described pressure transducer is arranged on the exhaust pipe of Water-ring vacuum pump assembly, described temperature transducer is arranged on the working water pipeline of water ring vaccum pump, described pressure transducer and the signal of temperature transducer input DCS, described gas circuit bypass valve is arranged on the pipeline in parallel with vacuum pump, described propellant valve is arranged on the propellant entrance pipe of vacuum pump, described gas circuit bypass valve and propellant valve all access DCS.
2. the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vacuum pump is connected with the air outlet of steam-water separator in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly by propellant entrance pipe, and the working water pipeline of described water ring vaccum pump is connected with the water outlet of steam-water separator.
3. the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described temperature transducer is arranged on the heat exchanger entrance place on the working water pipeline of water ring vaccum pump.
4. according to a controlling method for the vacuum pump control system in the Water-ring vacuum pump assembly described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that:
One,, according to experiment, sum up following functional relation:
(1) when water ring vaccum pump produces cavitation phenomenons, the working water temperature t of water ring vaccum pump with taken out the functional relation of the pressure P of system: P1=F(t);
(2) according to experiment, determine and to make P2=F(t by pressure minimum value added k1)+k1, the P2 of usining is taken out the minimum authorized pressure value of system before as water ring vaccum pump unit commitment vacuum pump;
(3) according to experiment, determine and to make P3=F(t by pressure maximum value added k2)+k2, the P3 of usining withdraws from the maximum allowble pressure value of being taken out system before vacuum pump as Water-ring vacuum pump assembly.
Two, in described DCS, input the functional relation operation program of above-mentioned P1, P2 and P3 and t, described vacuum pump control system moved as follows:
(1) temperature transducer will be taken out system pressure measured value P input DCS by working water temperature measured value t, pressure transducer, DCS carries out the functional relation of the above-mentioned P1 of working water temperature measured value t substitution, P2 and P3 and t to draw calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3 after computing, then compared taking out the pressure measured value P of system and calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3;
(2) when P≤P2, close gas circuit bypass valve, open propellant valve, vacuum pump is dropped into and bleed;
(3) when P >=P3, open gas circuit bypass valve, close propellant valve, vacuum pump is withdrawn from and bled.
5. the controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the described system of being taken out pressure minimum value added k1 is 5-10hPa.
6. the controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the described system of being taken out pressure maximum value added k2 is 25-40hPa.
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CN201410129965.0A CN103939373B (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2014-04-01 | The controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in a kind of Water-ring vacuum pump assembly |
PCT/CN2014/094620 WO2015149548A1 (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2014-12-23 | Control system and method for air ejector in water ring vacuum pump unit |
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Address after: 528000 Guangdong Province, Foshan city Chancheng District River Road No. 14 Patentee after: GUANGDONG KENFLO PUMP CO., LTD. Address before: 528000 Guangdong Province, Foshan city Chancheng District River Road No. 14 Patentee before: Guangdong Foshan Water Pump Factory Co., Ltd. |