CN103938181B - A kind of preparation method of silica-based oxynitride film - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of silica-based oxynitride film Download PDF

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CN103938181B
CN103938181B CN201310210836.XA CN201310210836A CN103938181B CN 103938181 B CN103938181 B CN 103938181B CN 201310210836 A CN201310210836 A CN 201310210836A CN 103938181 B CN103938181 B CN 103938181B
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董恒平
陈坤基
王昊
窦如凤
郭燕
李伟
徐骏
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Taizhou Technology College Nanjing University Of Science And Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of silica-based oxynitride film, first cleaned substrate is put into the reaction chamber of PECVD device, respectively by Ar, H2Plasma carries out Bombardment and cleaning to substrate, is then passed through SiH at 20~30 DEG C4、NH3、H2Mixed gas, deposits a SiN on substrate after plasmaxThin film, is passed through O2Oxidation a SiNxThin film forms a SiNxOyThin film, utilize big hydrogen dilution method to prepare thin film at a lower temperature, reduce the non-radiative recombination defect in thin film, thus reduce the leakage current after its pressurization, improve the power efficiency of its luminescence so that it is luminous efficiency has the enhancing of the order of magnitude compared with similar membrane electro luminescent device.

Description

A kind of preparation method of silica-based oxynitride film
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of silica-based oxynitride film, be mainly used in electroluminescent device.
Background technology
Silicon substrate laser is because of its low cost and can be mutually compatible with ripe silicon super large-scale integration manufacturing process Excellent specific property, become the vitals needed for silicon-based monolithic integrated optoelectronic circuit.In recent years, due at amorphous Silicon oxynitride (a-SiNxOy) thin film is found that gain of light phenomenon, therefore it is considered as to realize silica-based laser One of ideal chose of device.
The great majority research in past focuses on discussion a-SiNxOyThe photoluminescence property of thin film, and electroluminescent to it The research report of luminescent device is less.Generally speaking, the main result institute of its electroluminescent device obtained Two categories below can be summarized as: one is Price professor seminar and the Japan early rice of North Carolina, US university The Kato of field university teaches seminar and is utilized respectively PECVD technique, under 300-400 DEG C of underlayer temperature It is prepared for a-SiNxOyMembrane electro luminescent device, but need to just meeting after the high annealing of more than 900 DEG C Detect the luminescence of device, and its luminous efficiency is not reported;Two is Nanjing University's solid microstructure thing The Chen Kunji of reason National Key Laboratory teaches seminar and at room temperature utilizes PECVD device to prepare luminescence Silicon oxynitride (a-SiN:O) membrane electro luminescent device is mixed at yellow green wave band, and by silicon in regulation thin film Atom and the ratio of nitrogen-atoms, make device light emitting efficiency improve more than 3 times.
The defect and the deficiency that exist are mainly reflected in: the 1) high temperature that under higher temperature, the thin-film device of preparation needs Anneal processing steps adds the cost that device manufactures;2) under low temperature, the membrane structure of preparation loosens, the finest and close, Be not amenable to 400 DEG C annealed above, so the leakage current after electroluminescent device pressurization is very big, luminous efficiency The most relatively low, it is impossible to meet the demand of application.
The reason causing its luminous efficiency low mainly has: 1) a-SiNxOyThin film belongs to insulant, electricity itself Hinder bigger.Using them as the light emitting devices of light-emitting active layer structure, by electrode injection electronics and hole ratio More difficult;2) at a higher temperature, a-SiNxOyThin film internal poles is easily generated non-radiative recombination defect, sternly Ghost image rings quality and the luminescent properties of thin film;3)a-SiNxOyThe refractive index of thin film is more than the refractive index of air, Thus cause the internal light emission produced of light-emitting film and only have fraction to transmit, light extraction efficiency is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing technical problem propose one and prepare a-SiNxOyThe method of thin film, relatively A-SiN is at room temperature deposited with big hydrogen dilution method at a temperature of lowxOyThin film, reduces the non-spoke in thin film Penetrate complex defect, thus reduce the leakage current after its pressurization, improve the external quantum efficiency of its luminescence so that it is with same Class membrane electro luminescent device compares luminous efficiency the enhancing of the order of magnitude.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The preparation method of a kind of silica-based oxynitride film, comprises the following steps:
A) substrate of clean surface is loaded the anti-of plasma enhanced CVD (PECVD) equipment Answer intracavity, be evacuated to 10-2~10-1Torr;
B) it is passed through argon (Ar), in reaction chamber, keeps pressure 0.2~0.3Torr, temperature 20~30 DEG C, radio frequency Load power 20~30W, make argon plasma, clean substrate surface with argon ion bombardment, maintain 1~5 minute, Close Ar gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas;
C) hydrogen (H it is passed through2), keep pressure 0.5~0.6Torr, temperature 20~30 DEG C, radio frequency in reaction chamber Load power 20~40W, make hydrogen plasma, bombard pre-processed substrate surface with hydrion, maintain 5~10 Minute;
D) silane (SiH it is passed through4), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2) mixed gas, reaction chamber is intrinsic pressure Remaining by force 0.5~0.6Torr, temperature 20~30 DEG C, radio frequency loads power 20~30W, produces SiH4、NH3、 H2The plasma of mixed gas, deposits amorphous silicon nitride (a-SiN on substratex) thin film, deposition time is tieed up Hold 7~10 minutes, after reaction terminates, close SiH4、NH3、H2Gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas, It is passed through Ar, cleaning pipeline and reaction chamber 5~10 minutes, closes Ar gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas;
E) oxygen (O it is passed through2), keep pressure 0.3~0.4Torr, temperature 20~30 DEG C, radio frequency in reaction chamber Load power 20~30W, produce oxygen plasma, aoxidize a-SiNxThin film forms amorphous silicon oxinitride (a- SiNxOy) thin film, time maintenance 10~20 minutes, reaction terminates, and closes O2Gas circuit valve, takes out most remnants Gas, is passed through Ar, cleaning pipeline and reaction chamber 5~10 minutes, closes Ar gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas Body.
The preparation method of a kind of preferred silica-based oxynitride film, described substrate is silicon chip (Si).
The preparation method of a kind of preferred silica-based oxynitride film, is passed through SiH in described step d)4、 NH3Flow-rate ratio 1:1~1:4.
The preparation method of a kind of preferred silica-based oxynitride film, described step e forms amorphous nitrogen oxygen After SiClx thin film, by the passivation to amorphous silicon oxynitride silicon thin film of step f, concrete for opening recirculated cooling water System, reaction cavity is heated to 250~300 DEG C, is passed through H2, in reaction chamber, pressure remains 0.5~0.6Torr, Radio frequency loads power 50~60W, produces hydrogen plasma, passivation film surface, and the time maintains 10~15 minutes, Reaction terminates, and closes H2Gas circuit valve, cooling, take out residual gas in most reaction chamber, be passed through Ar, clean pipe Road and reaction chamber 5~10 minutes, close Ar gas circuit valve, take out most Ar, close closed system and cooling water.
The preparation of electroluminescent (EL) device:
A-SiN by preparationxOyThin film puts into electron beam evaporation equipment, and reaction chamber pressure is evacuated to 10-4~10-3Pa, It is passed through O2Gas, reaction chamber pressure maintains 10-2~10-1Pa, temperature is 150 DEG C, at a-SiNxOyThin film table Tin indium oxide (ITO) thin film that face evaporation 500nm is thick, as negative electrode.
Vacuum coating equipment, reaction chamber pressure is utilized to maintain 10-4~10-3Pa, resistive heater melts aluminium wire, P-Si substrate back is deposited with the Al thin film of 1 μ m thick, as anelectrode.
Utilize tubular annealing stove, be warming up to 400 DEG C, at N2/H2Under (95%/5%) atmosphere, to device annealing 30 Minute.
The electroluminescent device of making is fixed on specimen holder, specimen holder is inserted iHR320 type spectrum test In the test chamber of instrument, utilize DC source, by specimen holder two probes, device is pressurizeed, different Use the electroluminescent spectrum of photomultiplier tube detectors part under applied voltage, and record corresponding operating current Value.
Tubular annealing stove used in this patent: the YFFK60*600/12-2 of Shanghai Yi Feng electric furnace company limited Type annealing furnace;
PECVD is the NRP-4000 type of NANO MASTER company;
Electron beam evaporation equipment: ZZS450-1/D type, Chengdu Nanguan Machine Co., Ltd;
Vacuum coating equipment: DM-300B type, Beijing Beiyi Innovation Vacuum Technology Co., Ltd.;
IHR320 type spectrum test instrument: HORIBA Jobin Yvon company produces.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention at room temperature deposits a-SiN with big hydrogen dilution methodxOyThin film, the compactness of thin film is carried Height, quality is improved, then the a-SiN deposited with big hydrogen dilutionxOyThin film is as light-emitting active layer, system Become a-SiNxOyMembrane electro luminescent device.When device luminescence is the strongest, corresponding injected current density is only 0.030A/cm2, far below the reported technical specification of similar membrane electro luminescent device.Further, its electroluminescent The power efficiency of light, compared with similar thin-film device, enhances about about 11 times, and luminous efficiency has 1 quantity The raising that level is above.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the EL device structure signal prepared with silica-based oxynitride film of the present invention Figure.
Fig. 2 (a) is that the Chen Kunji of solid microstructure physics National Key Laboratory of Nanjing University teaches seminar Electroluminescent (EL) spectrum mixing silicon oxynitride (a-SiN:O) thin-film device at room temperature prepared.
Fig. 2 (b) is the a-SiN prepared by method of the present inventionxOyElectroluminescent of the device that thin film is made Light (EL) spectrum.
Fig. 3 is electroluminescent device and the a-SiN of a-SiN:O film preparationxOyThe electroluminescent of film preparation The comparison of device relative power efficiencies.
1, ITO layer 2, a-SiNxOyLayer 3, p-Si layer 4, Al layer
Detailed description of the invention
With detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of a kind of silica-based oxynitride film, first prepares the silicon chip substrate of cleaning, specifically For: alkali cleaning: NH3·H2O:H2O2:H2O=1:2:5, boils 5 minutes, self-boiled 1 minute, and deionized water rushes Wash multipass, then with pickling: HCl:H2O2:H2O=1:2:6, boils 4 minutes, and self-boiled rinses many in 1 minute Time, baking oven finally toasts at 100 DEG C 1hr.
A) silicon chip substrate of clean surface is loaded in the reaction chamber of PECVD device, be evacuated down to pressure 10- 2Torr;
B) being passed through Ar, keep pressure 0.2Torr, temperature 20 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads power 20W, Make argon plasma, with argon ion bombardment cleaning silicon chip surface, maintain 1 minute, close Ar gas circuit valve, Take out most residual gas;
C) it is passed through H2, keeping pressure 0.5Torr, temperature 20 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads power 20W, Make hydrogen plasma, bombard pretreatment silicon chip surface with hydrion, maintain 5 minutes;
D) it is passed through SiH4、NH3、H2Mixed gas, be passed through SiH4、NH3Flow-rate ratio 1:1, reaction chamber Interior pressure remains 0.5Torr, temperature 20 DEG C, and radio frequency loads power 20W, produces SiH4、NH3、H2Mixed Close the plasma of gas, silicon chip deposits a-SiNxThin film, deposition time maintains 7 minutes, reaction knot Shu Hou, closes SiH4、NH3、H2Gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas, be passed through Ar, clean pipeline and Reaction chamber 5 minutes, closes Ar gas circuit valve, takes out most residual gas;
E) it is passed through O2, keeping pressure 0.3Torr, temperature 20 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads power 20W, Produce oxygen plasma, aoxidize a-SiNxThin film forms a-SiNxOyThin film, time maintenance 10 minutes, reaction Terminate, close O2Gas circuit valve, takes out most residual gas, is passed through Ar, cleans pipeline and reaction chamber 5 minutes, Close Ar gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas;
F) to a-SiNxOyThe passivation of thin film, specially opens recirculating cooling water system, and reaction cavity is heated to 250 DEG C, being passed through hydrogen, in reaction chamber, pressure remains 0.5Torr, and radio frequency loads power 50W, produces hydrogen Plasma, passivation film surface, time maintenance 10 minutes, reaction terminates, and closes hydrogen gas circuit valve, Cooling, takes out residual gas in most reaction chamber, is passed through argon, cleans pipeline and reaction chamber 5 minutes, closes argon Gas circuit valve, takes out most argon, closes closed system and cooling water, the a-SiN after being passivatedxOyThin film I.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of a kind of silica-based oxynitride film, first prepares the silicon chip substrate of cleaning, concrete For: alkali cleaning: NH3·H2O:H2O2:H2O=1:2:5, boils 4 minutes, self-boiled 2 minutes, and deionized water rushes Wash multipass, then with pickling: HCl:H2O2:H2O=1:2:6, boils 5 minutes, and self-boiled rinses many in 2 minutes Time, baking oven finally toasts at 120 DEG C 1.5hr.
A) silicon chip substrate of clean surface is loaded in the reaction chamber of PECVD device, be evacuated to pressure 10- 1Torr;
B) being passed through Ar, keep pressure 0.3Torr, temperature 30 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads power 30W, Make argon plasma, with argon ion bombardment cleaning silicon chip surface, maintain 5 minutes, close Ar gas circuit valve, Take out most residual gas;
C) it is passed through H2, keeping pressure 0.6Torr, temperature 30 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads power 40W, Make hydrogen plasma, bombard pretreatment silicon chip surface with hydrion, maintain 10 minutes;
D) it is passed through SiH4、NH3、H2Mixed gas, be passed through SiH4、NH3Flow-rate ratio 1:4, reaction chamber Interior pressure remains 0.6Torr, temperature 30 DEG C, and radio frequency loads power 30W, produces SiH4、NH3、H2Mixed Close the plasma of gas, silicon chip deposits a-SiNxThin film, deposition time maintains 10 minutes, reaction knot Shu Hou, closes SiH4、NH3、H2Gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas, be passed through Ar, clean pipeline and Reaction chamber 10 minutes, closes Ar gas circuit valve, takes out most residual gas;
E) it is passed through O2, keeping pressure 0.4Torr, temperature 30 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads power 30W, Produce oxygen plasma, aoxidize a-SiNxThin film forms a-SiNxOyThin film, time maintenance 20 minutes, reaction Terminate, close O2Gas circuit valve, takes out most residual gas, is passed through Ar, cleans pipeline and reaction chamber 10 minutes, Close Ar gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas;
F) to a-SiNxOyThe passivation of thin film, specially opens recirculating cooling water system, and reaction cavity is heated to 300 DEG C, being passed through hydrogen, in reaction chamber, pressure remains 0.6Torr, and radio frequency loads power 60W, produces hydrogen Plasma, passivation film surface, time maintenance 15 minutes, reaction terminates, and closes hydrogen gas circuit valve, Cooling, takes out residual gas in most reaction chamber, is passed through argon, cleans pipeline and reaction chamber 10 minutes, closes argon Gas gas circuit valve, takes out most argon, closes closed system and cooling water, the a-SiN after being passivatedxOyThin film II.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of a kind of silica-based oxynitride film, first prepares the silicon chip substrate of cleaning, concrete For: alkali cleaning: NH3·H2O:H2O2:H2O=1:2:5, boils 4 minutes, self-boiled 2 minutes, and deionized water rushes Wash multipass, then with pickling: HCl:H2O2:H2O=1:2:6, boils 5 minutes, and self-boiled rinses many in 2 minutes Time, baking oven finally toasts at 110 DEG C 1.5hr.
A) silicon chip substrate of clean surface is loaded in the reaction chamber of PECVD device, be evacuated to pressure 10- 1Torr;
B) being passed through Ar, keep pressure 0.25Torr, temperature 25 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads power 25W, Make argon plasma, with argon ion bombardment cleaning silicon chip surface, maintain 3 minutes, close Ar gas circuit valve, Take out most residual gas;
C) it is passed through H2, keeping pressure 0.55Torr, temperature 25 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads power 30W, Make hydrogen plasma, bombard pretreatment silicon chip surface with hydrion, maintain 7 minutes;
D) it is passed through SiH4、NH3、H2Mixed gas, be passed through SiH4、NH3Flow-rate ratio 1:3, reaction chamber Interior pressure remains 0.56Torr, temperature 25 DEG C, and radio frequency loads power 25W, produces SiH4、NH3、H2 The plasma of mixed gas, deposits a-SiN on silicon chipxThin film, deposition time maintains 9 minutes, reaction After end, close SiH4、NH3、H2Gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas, be passed through Ar, clean pipeline With reaction chamber 8 minutes, close Ar gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas;
E) it is passed through O2, keeping pressure 0.35Torr, temperature 25 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads power 25W, Produce oxygen plasma, aoxidize a-SiNxThin film forms a-SiNxOyThin film, time maintenance 15 minutes, reaction Terminate, close O2Gas circuit valve, takes out most residual gas, is passed through Ar, cleans pipeline and reaction chamber 8 minutes, Close Ar gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas;
F) to a-SiNxOyThe passivation of thin film, specially opens recirculating cooling water system, and reaction cavity is heated to 270 DEG C, being passed through hydrogen, in reaction chamber, pressure remains 0.55Torr, and radio frequency loads power 55W, produces hydrogen Plasma, passivation film surface, time maintenance 12 minutes, reaction terminates, and closes hydrogen gas circuit valve, Cooling, takes out residual gas in most reaction chamber, is passed through argon, cleans pipeline and reaction chamber 8 minutes, closes argon Gas circuit valve, takes out most argon, closes closed system and cooling water, the a-SiN after being passivatedxOyThin film III.
The preparation of electroluminescent device and test:
A-SiN by preparationxOyThin film puts into electron beam evaporation equipment, and reaction chamber pressure is evacuated to 10-4Pa, is passed through O2Gas, reaction chamber pressure maintains 10-2Pa, temperature is 150 DEG C, at a-SiNxOyFilm surface evaporation 500 The ito thin film that nm is thick, as negative electrode.
Vacuum coating equipment, reaction chamber pressure is utilized to maintain 10-4Pa, resistive heater melts aluminium wire, at p-Si Substrate back is deposited with the Al thin film of 1 μ m thick, as anelectrode.
Utilize tubular annealing stove, be warming up to 400 DEG C, at N2/H2Under (95%/5%) atmosphere, El element is moved back Fire 30 minutes.
The EL of making is fixed on specimen holder, specimen holder is inserted the survey of iHR320 type spectrum test instrument Examination intracavity, utilizes DC source, is pressurizeed device by specimen holder two probes, at different applied voltages The electroluminescent spectrum of lower use photomultiplier tube detectors part, and record corresponding working current value.
Fig. 2 (a) is that the Chen Kunji of solid microstructure National Laboratory of Nanjing University teaches seminar at room temperature Electroluminescent (EL) spectrum mixing silicon oxynitride (a-SiN:O) thin-film device of preparation, [Appl.Phys.Lett. 91,111104(2007)].Fig. 2 (b) is the a-SiN utilizing the method described in invention to preparexOyThin-film device EL composes.Visible under identical bias voltage, a-SiN prepared by method of the present inventionxOyThin film is electroluminescent The operating current of luminescent device more than low 1 order of magnitude, significantly reduces device than a-SiN:O thin-film device The leakage current of part.
In Fig. 3, we utilize the integrated intensity of EL to come the existing Nanjing of comparison divided by the density of input electric power Solid microstructure National Laboratory of university Chen Kunji professor seminar at room temperature prepare mix silicon oxynitride (a- SiN:O) a-SiN prepared by thin-film device and the present inventionxOyThe power efficiency of membrane electro luminescent device relative Size.A-SiN prepared by the visible present inventionxOyThe maximum power efficiency of membrane electro luminescent device is a-SiN:O About 12 times of thin-film device maximal efficiency, the efficiency of electroluminescent device significantly improves.
Although in description being illustrated embodiments of the present invention, but these embodiments are intended only as Prompting, should not limit protection scope of the present invention.Carry out various province without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention Slightly, replace and change should be included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. the preparation method of a silica-based oxynitride film, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A) substrate of clean surface is loaded in the reaction chamber of plasma enhanced CVD equipment, take out To 10-2~10-1Torr;
B) being passed through argon, keep pressure 0.2~0.3Torr, temperature 20~30 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads merit Rate 20~30W, makes argon plasma, cleans substrate surface with argon ion bombardment, maintains 1~5 minute, Close argon gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas;
C) being passed through hydrogen, keep pressure 0.5~0.6Torr, temperature 20~30 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads merit Rate 20~40W, makes hydrogen plasma, bombards pre-processed substrate surface with hydrion, maintains 5~10 points Clock;
D) being passed through the mixed gas of silane, ammonia, hydrogen, in reaction chamber, pressure remains 0.5~0.6Torr, Temperature 20~30 DEG C, radio frequency loads power 20~30W, produces silane, ammonia, hydrogen gas mixture Plasma, on substrate deposit amorphous silicon nitride films, deposition time maintain 7~10 minutes, After reaction terminates, close silane, ammonia, the gas circuit valve of hydrogen, take out most residual gas, be passed through argon Gas, cleaning pipeline and reaction chamber 5~10 minutes, close argon gas circuit valve, take out most residual gas;
E) being passed through oxygen, keep pressure 0.3~0.4Torr, temperature 20~30 DEG C in reaction chamber, radio frequency loads merit Rate 20~30W, produces oxygen plasma, and it is thin that oxidation amorphous silicon nitride films forms amorphous silicon oxinitride Film, time maintenance 10~20 minutes, reaction terminates, and closes oxygen gas circuit valve, takes out most residual gas, It is passed through argon, cleaning pipeline and reaction chamber 5~10 minutes, closes argon gas circuit valve, take out most remnants Gas.
The preparation method of silica-based oxynitride film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute The substrate stated is silicon chip.
The preparation method of silica-based oxynitride film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step Rapid d is passed through silane and ammonia flow ratio for 1:1~1:4.
The preparation method of silica-based oxynitride film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step After rapid e forms amorphous silicon oxynitride silicon thin film, by the passivation to amorphous silicon oxynitride silicon thin film of step f, Concrete for opening recirculating cooling water system, reaction cavity is heated to 250~300 DEG C, is passed through hydrogen, In reaction chamber, pressure remains 0.5~0.6Torr, and radio frequency loads power 50~60W, produces hydrogen plasma Body, passivation film surface, time maintenance 10~15 minutes, reaction terminates, and closes hydrogen gas circuit valve, Cooling, takes out residual gas in most reaction chamber, is passed through argon, cleans pipeline and reaction chamber 5~10 minutes, Close argon gas circuit valve, take out most argon, close closed system and cooling water.
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CN111509081B (en) * 2020-03-20 2023-10-20 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Preparation method of ultrathin oxygen-containing nitrogen-silicon film and application of ultrathin oxygen-containing nitrogen-silicon film in passivation contact battery
CN113437164B (en) * 2021-06-15 2023-02-17 南京理工大学泰州科技学院 Photoconductive all-silicon solar blind ultraviolet detector and manufacturing method thereof

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CN101132042A (en) * 2007-09-11 2008-02-27 南京大学 Method for improving luminous efficiency of oxygen silicon base doped nitride thin-film electroluminescent device
CN101648964A (en) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-17 气体产品与化学公司 Precursors for depositing silicon-containing films and methods for making and using same
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