CN103938135A - Method and device capable of remarkably improving shock resistance of aviation aluminium alloy material - Google Patents
Method and device capable of remarkably improving shock resistance of aviation aluminium alloy material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103938135A CN103938135A CN201410177914.5A CN201410177914A CN103938135A CN 103938135 A CN103938135 A CN 103938135A CN 201410177914 A CN201410177914 A CN 201410177914A CN 103938135 A CN103938135 A CN 103938135A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device capable of remarkably improving the shock resistance of an aviation aluminium alloy material. The device comprises a laser device, a clamp, a heating platform, a moving platform, a refrigeration loop, a restraint system and a computer system. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of: obtaining high-density dislocation and dislocation tangle on the surface of the material on the basis of dynamic strain aging and by virtue of warm laser shot blasting, and generating an obvious grain refinement organization simultaneously; and after the shot blasting is finished, sharply cooling a workpiece in aqueous solution at 5-8 DEG C, reducing dislocation annihilation and a grain growth process, and finally obtaining a microstructure with coexisting high-density dislocation and ultra-fine grains at a room temperature, thus increasing the damping of the material and improving the shock resistance of the material. The method and the device disclosed by the invention are capable of greatly improving the shock resistance of the material, simple in process and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material surface strengthening field and technical field of laser processing, especially utilize a technology for material strain raising resistance to shock, the specifically a kind of method that can significantly improve aviation aluminum alloy material resistance to shock and the device of laser temperature shot-peening in conjunction with reduces heat technology that utilize.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is a most widely used class non-ferrous metal structured material in industry, its " specific tenacity " (ratio σ of intensity and proportion
b/ ρ) surpass a lot of steel alloys, become desirable structured material, be widely used in the aspects such as machinofacture, Transport Machinery, power machine and aircraft industry, wherein aerolite is owing to having higher intensity and lower density, be applicable to the component of various high loadinies, the engine parts of such as aircraft, fuselage, covering, pneumatic plant etc. can alleviate deadweight in ensureing some strength.But such workpiece can be worked conventionally under high-frequency vibration environment, and the vibrational frequency of for example aircraft engine is up to >10
3hZ, aircraft skin with the friction process of air in can produce higher vibrational frequency, this has proposed very high requirement to the work-ing life and the control noise that improve this type of part.But the research of the current resistance to shock for aviation workpiece mainly concentrates on the structure vibration resistance that improves part, and relatively less from the research of material self resistance to shock angle raising material vibrating damping.
For example the patent No. is the utility model patent of CN 202592830 U, proposes a kind of antivibration aluminum composite plate, adds one deck antivibration plastic honeycomb flaggy and improved its resistance to shock before upper lower aluminum sheet; The utility model patent that and for example patent No. is CN203272677U, proposes the gear that a kind of resistance to shock is good, by multiple compensating grooves being set on gear and adding antivibration layer and buffer layer improves the vibration resistance of gear on gear body.Above-mentioned patent is all to improve the resistance to shock of material or workpiece from design of part aspect, all there is no to improve from the angle of material self vibration damping of material, cannot improve material from work-ing life or noise reduction under vibration state.
By domestic and foreign literature is retrieved, also do not find to use laser temperature shot-peening to add the sharply relevant report of quenching method raising aviation aluminum alloy material resistance to shock at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for existing aluminum alloy materials is mainly to improve resistance to shock from structure design, and fail to give full play to the resistance to shock of material itself, cause resistance to shock to be difficult to have raising and breakthrough in essence, invent a kind of resistance to shock from self, adopt laser temperature shot-peening in vibration processes, to resist the ability of crack initiation and crack propagation in conjunction with the processing method raising material of reduces heat, to significantly improve on the basis of existing technology the resistance to shock of aerolite workpiece.A kind of device matching is provided simultaneously.
One of technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method that can significantly improve aviation aluminum alloy material resistance to shock, it is characterized in that: first material is carried out to laser temperature shot-peening, act on material surface by the dynamic strain aging under high strain rate and obtain highdensity dislocation and dislocation tangling, produce obvious grain refining tissue simultaneously; After shot-peening completes, workpiece is carried out sharply cooling with 5 ~ 8 DEG C of aqueous solution rapidly, reducing dislocation buries in oblivion and grain growth process, at room temperature obtain the microtexture that high density dislocation and superfine crystal particle coexist, significantly increase material damping by dislocation and Grain boundary pinning principle, thereby improve the resistance to shock of material.
Above-mentioned method can specifically be refined as following steps:
A) use fixture 11 to be fixed on heating platform 6 by applying high temperature resistant pitch-dark 9 workpiece 8, make the shoe cream room 16 of collection box in work lower position; Computer system 1 open after control oil pump 26 and water pump 27 move, oil pump surplus valve 25 cuts out and to oil nozzle 7 fuel feeding, water pump surplus valve 28 is opened release simultaneously.
B) regulate after the thickness of silicone oil restraint layer 10, computer system 1 control heating platform 6 by workpiece 8 surface heatings to dynamic strain aging temperature; Material surface reaches after preset temperature, opens laser apparatus 18 and carries out laser peening.
C) after shot-peening finishes, computer system 1 is controlled surplus valve 25 releases of opening oil pump 26, control magnetic valve II 30 makes the water storage cavity 29 of collection box move to workpiece lower position simultaneously, then switch off the pump surplus valve 28 and to water jet 5 supply temperatures be the aqueous solution of 5 ~ 8 DEG C with quick cooling bead blasted surfaces, obtain the microtexture that high density dislocation under room temperature state and superfine crystal particle coexist;
Etc. D) work-piece cools is taken off workpiece 8 closure systems to room temperature, carries out antirust processing after material surface is air-dry.
Described aqueous cooling solutions is that water, water-based antirust and silicone oil clean-out system are by the mixing solutions of strict volume ratio 1:0.01:0.05 configuration, can realize cooling time and avoid aluminum alloy surface oxidation, can clean the residual silicone oil of workpiece surface after shot-peening simultaneously.
Described dynamic strain aging temperature equals 0.2 ~ 0.5T
m, T
mfor material melting point.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of device that can significantly improve aviation aluminum alloy material resistance to shock, it comprises vertical movement platform 12, the top of vertical movement platform 12 is provided with workpiece heating platform 6 and workpiece fixture 11, it is characterized in that, on the level attitude of described vertical movement platform 12, electromagnetism transposer is installed, this electromagnetism transposer comprises guide rail 13, magnetic valve I 14 and magnetic valve II 30, the collection box that can move horizontally is installed on guide rail 13, in the middle of collection box by metal sheet every being divided into water storage cavity 29 and shoe cream room 16, water storage cavity 29 is provided with corresponding outlet and is connected with the entrance of fuel tank 21 with water tank 23 with oil guide pipe 19 by corresponding aqueduct 15 respectively with the bottom of shoe cream room 16, water pump 27 is connected respectively water tank 23 and fuel tank 21 with the import of oil pump 26 with oil inlet pipe 20 by water inlet pipe 22, their outlet is connected respectively water jet 5 and oil nozzle 7 with oil outlet pipe 3 by rising pipe 2, water jet 5 and oil nozzle 7 are arranged on the top of workpiece 8, and the silicone oil that oil nozzle 7 sprays forms silicone oil restraint layers 10 on workpiece 8 surfaces, between water pump and oil pump import and export, be provided with energy stabilization of export pressure and control the electromagnetism overflow water valve 28 and the electromagnetism overflow fuel tap 25 that unload, on the pipeline of water inlet pipe 22, being provided with the cooling air unit 24 for controlling temperature of cooling water.
Described collection box can move by horizontal linear on guide rail 13, in the time that water jet 5 starts to spray water, magnetic valve I 14 work and drive water storage cavity 29 move to workpiece under in order to collect constraint oil to recycle; In the time that oil nozzle 7 is worked, magnetic valve II 30 work moves under workpiece for collecting water coolant to recycle shoe cream room 16, and handoff procedure is by computer system 1 intelligent control.
Described collection box surface all scribbles antirust coating, and top is provided with folding splasher 17.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention can obtain the microtexture that high density dislocation and superfine crystal particle coexist, significantly improve the vibration damping of material by dislocation and Grain boundary pinning effect, thereby improve the resistance to shock of material self, significantly improve work-ing life and the noise reduction of material in vibration environment.
2. the inventive method can be combined with prior art, in strengthening Workpiece structure vibration resistance, improves material self damping, improves more significantly the resistance to shock of part.
3. the inventive method is easy to implement, is convenient to intelligent control, is applicable to batch production and commercial application.
The present invention uses the method for laser temperature shot-peening in conjunction with reduces heat, can increase substantially the vibration damping of material, significantly improves the resistance to shock of material.Laser temperature shot-peening can produce high density dislocation and dislocation tangling in material internal induction by dynamic strain aging technology, produce super-refinement grain structure simultaneously, but because laser temperature shot-peening need to carry out in dynamic strain aging temperature range, prior art general air cooling mode that adopts after laser peening is lowered the temperature, this just makes material in temperature-fall period, must occur that dislocation is buried in oblivion and grain growth, for fear of or slow down this process, must after laser temperature shot-peening, use reduces heat technology to suppress dislocation buries in oblivion and grain coarsening, make material under room temperature state, there is the microtexture that high density dislocation and superfine crystal particle coexist, and by the vibration damping of dislocation and Grain boundary pinning effect raising material, thereby significantly improve the resistance to shock of material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that can significantly improve aviation aluminum alloy material resistance to shock of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the master of motion platform 12 of the present invention looks and side-looking structural representation.
Fig. 2 (a) is the front view of motion platform 12, and Fig. 2 (b) is the side-view of Fig. 2 (a).
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that high density dislocation of the present invention and ultra-fine crystal boundary improve material damping.
Fig. 4 utilizes the present invention to process the microtexture comparison diagram of front and back.Fig. 4 (a) micro-organization chart before treatment, Fig. 4 (b) is micro-organization chart after treatment.
In figure: 1. computer system, 2. rising pipe, 3. oil outlet pipe, 4. manual setting knob, 5. water jet, 6. heating platform, 7. oil nozzle, 8. workpiece, 9. pitch-dark, 10. silicone oil restraint layer, 11. fixtures, 12. motion platforms, 13. guide rails, 14. magnetic valve I, 15. aqueducts, 16. shoe cream rooms (part in collection box), 17. splashers, 18. laser apparatus, 19. oil guide pipes, 20. oil inlet pipes, 21. fuel tanks, 22. water inlet pipes, 23. water tanks, 24. refrigerating units, 25. oil pump surplus valves, 26. oil pumps, 27. water pumps, 28. water pump surplus valves.29. water storage cavities (another part of collection box), 30. magnetic valve II.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment mono-.
As Figure 1-4.
Taking 6061-T6 aerolite as example, further illustrate the non-texture improvement method that improves its resistance to shock below, as shown in Figure 3, concrete steps comprise principle:
A) first the cooling water solution preparing and constraint are injected respectively to water tank 23 and fuel tank 21 with silicone oil, and start cooling air unit 24 aqueous solution is pre-chilled to 5-8 DEG C, the aqueous solution preferably adopts the mixed solution of water, water-based antirust and the preparation of silicone oil clean-out system, and by strict volume ratio 1:0.01:0.05 configuration, this aqueous solution can be realized cooling time and avoid aluminum alloy surface oxidation, can clean the residual silicone oil of workpiece surface after shot-peening simultaneously.
B) use fixture 11 to be fixed on heating platform 6 as shown in Figure 1 the 6061-T6 workpiece 8 that applies high temperature resistant pitch-dark 9, collection box is in shoe cream room 16 positions; Computer system 1 is opened rear control oil pump 26 and water pump 27 moves, and oil pump surplus valve 25 cuts out simultaneously, and water pump surplus valve 28 is opened.
C) regulate after the thickness of silicone oil restraint layer 10, computer system 1 is controlled heating platform 6 (can be by 0.2 ~ 0.5T while specifically enforcement by 6061-T6 workpiece 8 surface heatings to 185 DEG C
mvalue dynamic strain aging temperature, T
mfor material melting point); Material surface reaches after preset temperature, opens laser apparatus 18 and carries out laser peening, and shot-peening time and control parameter are same as the prior art.
D) after shot-peening finishes, computer system 1 is controlled surplus valve 25 releases of opening oil pump 26 tops, control magnetic valve II 30 makes collection box jump to water storage cavity 29 positions simultaneously, then the surplus valve 28 that switches off the pump uses rapidly the quick cooling bead blasted surfaces of the aqueous solution of 6 DEG C (can be the arbitrary value between 5 ~ 8 DEG C), obtains the microtexture that high density dislocation and small grains coexist.
E) after cooling end, take off 6061-T6 workpiece 8 closure systems, after material surface is air-dry, carry out antirust processing.
After above-mentioned processing, use transmission electron microscope(TEM) (TEM) to observe the microtexture on shot peening coverage surface, the microtexture picture of the material surface before and after the processing of use the inventive method is respectively if Fig. 4 (a) is with as shown in Fig. 4 (b), as can be seen from Figure 4, before processing, the dislocation desity of material surface is less, grain-size is larger, and the dislocation desity of material surface significantly increases after processing, number of grain boundaries also significantly increases.Use the material damping of vibration damping test system and test 6061-T6, result is that before processing, the ratio of damping of material is about 1.8 × 10
3ns/m, after processing, the ratio of damping of material is increased to 3.2 × 10
3ns/m, has improved and has entered 2 times, illustrates that the inventive method can significantly improve the damping of material, thereby improves the resistance to shock of aerolite workpiece.
Embodiment bis-.
As shown in Figure 1-2.
A kind of device that can significantly improve aviation aluminum alloy material resistance to shock, as shown in Figures 1 and 2: electromagnetism transposer is installed on the level attitude of vertical movement platform 12, electromagnetism transposer comprises guide rail 13, magnetic valve I 14 and magnetic valve II 30, the iron collection box that can move horizontally is installed on guide rail 13, in the middle of collection box, adopt metal sheet to be divided into two chamber-water storage cavities 29 and shoe cream room 16, as shown in Figure 2, two bottom, chambeies are processed with outlet I, II is connected with fuel tank 21 entrances with water tank 23 with oil guide pipe 19 by aqueduct 15 respectively, collection box surface all scribbles antirust coating, top arranges folding splasher 17, water pump 27 is connected respectively water tank 23 and fuel tank 21 with the import of oil pump 26 with oil inlet pipe 20 by water inlet pipe 22, outlet is connected respectively the water jet 5 and oil nozzle 7 that are positioned at workpiece top with oil outlet pipe 3 by rising pipe 2, and arrange respectively can stabilization of export pressure and control the electromagnetic relief valve 28,25 of unloading, on water inlet pipe pipeline, be provided for controlling the cooling air unit 24 of temperature of cooling water simultaneously between water pump and oil pump are imported and exported, use wire to need the parts of electrical control to be connected with computer system 1 electromagnetic relief valve 25,28, magnetic valve 14,30, motion platform 12 and laser apparatus 18, water pump, oil pump, cooling air unit etc., realize the intellectuality control of technological process.
Wherein, electromagnetism transposer is made up of magnetic valve I 14, magnetic valve II 30, collection box and guide rail 13, and collection box can be realized horizontal linear by guide rail 13 and move, in the time that water jet 5 starts to spray water, magnetic valve I 14 is worked, water storage cavity 29 mediate (be positioned at work under); In the time that oil nozzle 7 is worked, magnetic valve II 30 is worked, and shoe cream room 16 mediates by (under workpiece), and handoff procedure is by computer system 1 intelligent control.
The part that the present invention does not relate to all prior art that maybe can adopt same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (7)
1. one kind can significantly improve the method for aviation aluminum alloy material resistance to shock, it is characterized in that: first material is carried out to laser temperature shot-peening, act on material surface by the dynamic strain aging under high strain rate and obtain highdensity dislocation and dislocation tangling, produce obvious grain refining tissue simultaneously; After shot-peening completes, workpiece is carried out sharply cooling with 5 ~ 8 DEG C of aqueous solution rapidly, reducing dislocation buries in oblivion and grain growth process, at room temperature obtain the microtexture that high density dislocation and superfine crystal particle coexist, significantly increase material damping by dislocation and Grain boundary pinning principle, thereby improve the resistance to shock of material.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that it comprises following concrete steps:
Use fixture (11) to be fixed on heating platform (6) workpiece (8) that applies high temperature resistant pitch-dark (9) upper, make the shoe cream room (16) of collection box in work lower position; Control oil pump (26) and water pump (27) operation after computer system (1) unlatching are closed oil pump surplus valve (25) simultaneously and to oil nozzle (7) fuel feeding, water pump surplus valve (28) is opened release;
Regulate after the thickness of silicone oil restraint layer (10), computer system (1) control heating platform (6) by workpiece (8) surface heating to dynamic strain aging temperature; Material surface reaches after preset temperature, opens laser apparatus (18) and carries out laser peening;
After shot-peening finishes, computer system (1) is controlled surplus valve (25) release of opening oil pump (26), control magnetic valve II (30) makes the water storage cavity (29) of collection box move to workpiece lower position simultaneously, then switch off the pump surplus valve (28) and to water jet (5) supply temperature be the aqueous solution of 5 ~ 8 DEG C with quick cooling bead blasted surfaces, obtain the microtexture that high density dislocation under room temperature state and superfine crystal particle coexist; To room temperature, take off workpiece (8) closure systems etc. work-piece cools, after material surface is air-dry, carry out antirust processing.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described aqueous cooling solutions is that water, water-based antirust and silicone oil clean-out system are by the mixing solutions of strict volume ratio 1:0.01:0.05 configuration, can realize cooling time and avoid aluminum alloy surface oxidation, can clean the residual silicone oil of workpiece surface after shot-peening simultaneously.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described dynamic strain aging temperature equals 0.2 ~ 0.5T
m, T
mfor material melting point.
5. one kind can significantly improve the device of aviation aluminum alloy material resistance to shock, it comprises vertical movement platform (12), the top of vertical movement platform (12) is provided with workpiece heating platform (6) and workpiece fixture (11), it is characterized in that, on the level attitude of described vertical movement platform (12), electromagnetism transposer is installed, this electromagnetism transposer comprises guide rail (13), magnetic valve I (14) and magnetic valve II (30), guide rail is provided with the collection box that can move horizontally on (13), in the middle of collection box by metal sheet every being divided into water storage cavity (29) and shoe cream room (16), water storage cavity (29) is provided with corresponding outlet and is connected with the entrance of fuel tank (21) with water tank (23) with oil guide pipe (19) by corresponding aqueduct (15) respectively with the bottom of shoe cream room (16), water pump (27) is connected respectively water tank (23) and fuel tank (21) with the import of oil pump (26) with oil inlet pipe (20) by water inlet pipe (22), their outlet is connected water jet (5) and oil nozzle (7) by rising pipe (2) respectively with oil outlet pipe (3), water jet (5) and oil nozzle (7) are arranged on the top of workpiece (8), and the silicone oil of oil nozzle (7) ejection forms silicone oil restraint layer (10) on workpiece (8) surface, between water pump and oil pump import and export, be provided with energy stabilization of export pressure and control the electromagnetism overflow water valve (28) and the electromagnetism overflow fuel tap (25) that unload, on the pipeline of water inlet pipe (22), being provided with the cooling air unit (24) for controlling temperature of cooling water.
6. device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described collection box can move at the upper horizontal linear of guide rail (13), in the time that water jet (5) starts to spray water, magnetic valve I (14) work and drive water storage cavity (29) move to workpiece under in order to collect constraint oil to recycle; In the time that oil nozzle (7) is worked, magnetic valve II (30) work moves under workpiece for collecting water coolant to recycle shoe cream room (16), and handoff procedure is by computer system (1) intelligent control.
7. device according to claim 5, is characterized in that described collection box surface all scribbles antirust coating, and top is provided with folding splasher (17).
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| CN201410177914.5A CN103938135B (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2014-04-29 | Method and the device of aviation aluminum alloy material resistance to shock can be significantly improved |
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| CN201410177914.5A CN103938135B (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2014-04-29 | Method and the device of aviation aluminum alloy material resistance to shock can be significantly improved |
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| CN103938135B CN103938135B (en) | 2015-09-16 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108285971A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-17 | 江苏大学 | A kind of combined method of ultrasonic wave auxiliary laser temperature shot peening strengthening tubule part |
| CN108436791A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-24 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of shot-peening fixture for thin wall component |
| CN111088469A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 江苏大学 | Method for regulating and controlling toughness of aluminum alloy surface |
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| EP1557223A1 (en) * | 2004-01-23 | 2005-07-27 | Dr.Ing. h.c.F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Process for treating of cast aluminium parts |
| CN1898064A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2007-01-17 | 株式会社普利司通 | Methods of surface treatment of aluminum wheel |
| CN102517427A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-27 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Device and method for reinforcing surfaces of assembly structural member holes |
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2014
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1898064A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2007-01-17 | 株式会社普利司通 | Methods of surface treatment of aluminum wheel |
| EP1557223A1 (en) * | 2004-01-23 | 2005-07-27 | Dr.Ing. h.c.F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Process for treating of cast aluminium parts |
| CN102517427A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-27 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Device and method for reinforcing surfaces of assembly structural member holes |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108285971A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-17 | 江苏大学 | A kind of combined method of ultrasonic wave auxiliary laser temperature shot peening strengthening tubule part |
| CN108436791A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-24 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of shot-peening fixture for thin wall component |
| CN111088469A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 江苏大学 | Method for regulating and controlling toughness of aluminum alloy surface |
| CN111088469B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-06-18 | 江苏大学 | Method for regulating and controlling toughness of aluminum alloy surface |
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| CN103938135B (en) | 2015-09-16 |
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